CN116060575A - Intelligent temperature control device and method for crankshaft diameter of hot die forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the manufacturing industry of high-end equipment, in particular to an intelligent temperature control device and method for the shaft diameter of a crankshaft of a hot die forging press, comprising a crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system and an intelligent accurate temperature control system, wherein the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system directly performs accurate cooling function on a shaft end shaft diameter heating source of high-frequency hot die forging operation by designing a cooling hole on the crankshaft shaft end and designing an air inlet channel A in the center of the crankshaft or arranging an air inlet channel B on a supporting sleeve and a bearing bush; the intelligent accurate temperature control system utilizes a temperature sensor, an air cooler, an electromagnetic valve and a PLC (programmable logic controller) to intelligently control the temperature rise of the shaft diameter of the shaft end, achieves the purpose of reducing the thermal quantity and reducing the fit clearance between the shaft diameter of the shaft end and the bearing bush, has the intelligent green manufacturing characteristics of obviously improving the operation precision, the efficiency and the reliability of a transmission system, improves the product precision by more than 80 percent compared with the national standard, improves the rotating speed by 40-60 percent, prolongs the service life of the bearing bush by more than 40 percent, and fundamentally solves the technical problems of improving the precision and the efficiency of hot die forging.

Description

Intelligent temperature control device and method for crankshaft diameter of hot die forging press

Technical field:

the invention relates to the technical field of metal forming machine tool equipment manufacturing in the field of intelligent manufacturing of high-end equipment, in particular to an intelligent temperature control device and method for the crankshaft diameter of a hot die forging press.

The background technology is as follows:

at present, the structure of the existing hot die forging press is shown in fig. 7, and the existing hot die forging press comprises a machine body, wherein mounting through holes are formed in two sides of the upper portion of the machine body, supporting sleeves are respectively arranged in the mounting through holes, the supporting sleeves are fixed on the machine body through bolts, bearing bushes are arranged in the supporting sleeves, a crankshaft (eccentric shaft) is arranged in the bearing bushes, a connecting rod bush is arranged on the outer side of a crank (eccentric portion) in the middle of the crankshaft, and the connecting rod bush is arranged in the connecting rod. When the device works, the connecting rod and the connecting rod bush reciprocate up and down along with the rotation of the crankshaft, the crankshaft and the bearing bush form a sliding friction pair to rotate relatively, the temperature of the bearing bush with the shaft diameter is continuously increased due to the fact that the surface friction is extruded by the relative rotation under the action of working force, the shaft diameter is heated and then expanded outwards to be thickened, the aperture of the bearing bush is reduced due to the fact that the shaft diameter is heated and expanded inwards, the fit clearance between the shaft diameter and the bearing bush is gradually reduced, the fit precision and the rotation speed of a hot die forging transmission system are seriously restricted to be further improved, and the bearing bush is also caused to be worn, damaged or locked to stop accidents.

The prior art of the hot die forging mechanical press with lower crankshaft rotation speed or low precision performance index requirement basically can meet the requirement, but the prior art of the high-speed precise hot die forging press and an automatic production line thereof can not meet the high-speed precise running, stable and reliable higher performance requirement. With the continuous innovation of the technology, some technical problems are improved to a certain extent, but through the finding of practical application effects, some deep key technical problems are urgent to further apply basic research to seek breakthrough, for example, the problem of temperature rise and thermal expansion of the shaft diameter of a crankshaft is solved by intelligent cooling of cold air outside the bearing bush, the key technical constraint of the oil cooling patent technology of the international similar product is broken, but the requirement of continuous long-time stability of the temperature rise control of the shaft diameter of the crankshaft and the bearing bush is not met in the aspect of application effects, so that the precision and the rotation speed (efficiency) of a crankshaft bearing bush transmission system (fit clearance) are seriously restricted. Therefore, how to create an intelligent control system for the temperature rise of the crankshaft diameter of a hot die forging press is still an urgent need to solve the critical technical problems in the aspect of intelligent manufacturing to restrict the improvement of the high-efficiency and precision performance of the current hot die forging.

The foregoing is not necessarily a prior art, and falls within the technical scope of the inventors.

The invention comprises the following steps:

the invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide the intelligent temperature control device and the intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of the hot die forging press, which have the advantages of reasonable structural design, accurate intelligent temperature control, obvious temperature control effect, prolonged service life of a bearing bush and obvious improvement of the precision, efficiency and reliability of the whole machine.

The invention realizes the aim by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a hot die forging press bent axle footpath intelligence temperature control device, includes:

the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system comprises a crankshaft, a shaft end shaft diameter is arranged on the crankshaft and used for installing a bearing bush, the bearing bush is installed on a machine body through a supporting sleeve, two shaft end shaft diameters are symmetrically arranged on the crankshaft, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the shaft end shaft diameter and are positioned on one side of the shaft end shaft diameter far away from a crank and are axially arranged, a first cold air deflector is connected to the inner end of each cooling hole, a second cold air deflector is connected to the outer end of each cooling hole, all the cooling holes in the shaft end shaft diameter are communicated in series in an S shape, an exhaust hole is formed in each second cold air deflector, and each first cold air deflector is communicated with an air inlet channel A arranged on the crankshaft or a cooling hole positioned at the initial end is directly communicated with an air inlet channel B arranged on the supporting sleeve and the bearing bush;

the intelligent accurate temperature control system comprises an air cooling machine, wherein the air cooling machine is connected with an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is respectively communicated with two air inlet passages A or two air inlet passages B through an air inlet pipe, temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the supporting sleeve, which are close to the bearing bushes, the temperature sensors are respectively connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC is respectively connected with the air cooling machine and the electromagnetic valve.

All the cooling holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft end shaft diameter.

The air inlet path A comprises a cooling air inlet hole A axially arranged at the center of the crankshaft and a cooling vent hole A radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft diameter of the shaft end, a rotary joint communicated with the cooling air inlet hole A is arranged at the end part of the crankshaft, the rotary joint is connected with an air inlet pipe, the cooling air inlet hole A is communicated with the cooling vent hole A, and the cooling vent hole A is connected with a first cold air deflector.

The air inlet path B is including setting up the cooling fresh air inlet B on supporting the cover, it is equipped with the joint of being connected with cooling fresh air inlet B to support the cover outer end, the joint is connected with the air-supply line, radially be equipped with cooling ventilation hole B on the axle bush, be equipped with the annular slot along its circumferencial direction on the axle bush inner wall, cooling ventilation hole B and annular slot intercommunication, the corresponding axle head diameter position that is equipped with annular slot is equipped with axle head diameter ventilation hole on the axle head diameter, axle head diameter ventilation hole communicates annular slot and the cooling hole that is located the top.

The two sides of the shaft end shaft diameter are respectively provided with a mounting groove, one of the mounting grooves is used for mounting the first cold air deflector, and the other mounting groove is used for mounting the second cold air deflector.

The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of the hot die forging press comprises the intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter, when temperature rise measured by a temperature sensor reaches a set value, a PLC controller controls an air cooler and an electromagnetic valve to start to work so as to provide cold air, the cold air in an air inlet pipe is conveyed to a cooling hole through an air inlet channel A or an air inlet channel B to directly cool the shaft diameter of the shaft end on the crankshaft, the temperature, the flow and the flow rate of the cold air can be intelligently regulated and controlled according to system set parameters, and when the temperature measured by a stability sensor is restored to be within a normal set value range, the PLC controller controls the air cooler and the electromagnetic valve to stop working.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

in consideration of important influencing factors of temperature rise on the matching precision of a hot die forging transmission system, based on the application research of temperature control basic theory, a gas circuit temperature control and temperature detection control integrated technology system under intelligent temperature control is established, an innovative structural design and a PLC control integrated technology are combined, a temperature data acquisition, data analysis, active early warning and early intervention mode is adopted, cold air is used as the cheapest medium for cooling, an airframe up-conversion speed regulation air cooler and an electromagnetic valve are combined with an intelligent cooling system to set optimal parameters for controlling and adjusting the start-stop, flow speed and temperature of an air outlet during operation, a heating source is directly acted on a cooling hole of a shaft end shaft diameter through the cold air input, so that the cooling hole is in a contact state completely, the intelligent rapid and accurate cooling of the system can be provided, the thermal temperature rise of high-speed movement under high-frequency die forging operation is reduced, the technical problems of 'neck' of the improvement of the precision efficiency of a transmission ring of the thermal temperature rise are reduced, and the matching precision and the rotating speed of the shaft end shaft diameter of a crankshaft are remarkably improved through the structural innovative design. The general temperature rise of the bearing bush in the prior art (national standard) is 40 ℃, the highest temperature is not more than 70 ℃, the experiment and simulation prediction prove that the innovative intelligent temperature control system technology effectively controls the shaft diameter of the high-speed rotating shaft and the temperature rise range of the bearing bush within 10-30 ℃, the highest temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the ratio of the rotary movement gap of the shaft diameter of the bearing bush and the shaft diameter of the shaft end to the shaft diameter is optimally reduced to 4-5/1000000 from 8-10/1000000 in the prior art, the product precision is improved by more than 80% compared with the national standard, the rotating speed is accelerated, the efficiency is improved by 40-60%, the precision, the efficiency and the reliability of the whole machine are obviously improved, and the service life of the bearing bush is prolonged by more than 40%.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a crank shaft diameter intelligent temperature control device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air inlet channel a according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the installation of a temperature sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crank shaft diameter intelligent temperature control device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an air inlet channel B according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a conventional hot forging mechanical press;

in the figure, 1, a crankshaft, 2, a bearing bush, 3, a shaft end shaft diameter, 4, a supporting sleeve, 5, a machine body, 6, a cooling hole, 7, a crank, 8, a first cold air deflector, 9, a second cold air deflector, 10, an exhaust hole, 11, an air inlet passage A,1101, a cooling air inlet hole A,1102, a cooling air vent A,1103, a rotary joint, 12, an air inlet passage B,1201, a cooling air inlet hole B,1202, a joint, 1203, a cold air vent B,1204, a circular groove, 1205, a shaft end shaft diameter vent, 13, an air cooling machine, 14, an electromagnetic valve, 15, an air inlet pipe, 16, a temperature sensor, 17 and a mounting groove.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

in order to more clearly illustrate the general inventive concept, a detailed description is given below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

In the present invention, the terms "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "a", "B", "C", "D", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the location of the indicated technical feature.

In the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "provided," "configured," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "provided" and "configured" may be fixedly mounted, removably mounted, or integrally formed; "coupled" may be directly connected or connected via an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter of the hot forging press comprises:

the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system comprises a crankshaft 1, the part of the crankshaft 1 used for installing a bearing bush 2 is a shaft end shaft diameter 3, the bearing bush 2 is installed on a machine body 5 through a supporting sleeve 4, the crankshaft 1 is symmetrically provided with two shaft end shaft diameters 3, the shaft end shaft diameter 3 is provided with a plurality of cooling holes 6, the cooling holes 6 are positioned at one side of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 far away from a crank 7 and are axially arranged (when a connecting rod repeatedly moves up and down to a nominal pressure angle close to a bottom dead center in the die forging process of a hot forging press machine, the shaft end shaft diameter 3 of the crankshaft 1 and the bearing bush 2 generate extrusion force, the bearing bush near the bottom dead center has the largest specific pressure with the upper sliding contact surface of the shaft end shaft diameter 3, and the actual test is a friction heating root here, based on the basic research of temperature rise theory application, the increment of thermal deformation of metal every 1 ℃ is 1/100000, and the clearance change of thermal temperature rise affecting the precision of the hot die forging transmission system comprises the two-way compound effect result of bearing bush temperature rise inner hole shrinkage and shaft diameter temperature rise thickening, so that the temperature rise of the heating source heat rotating at high speed under the high-frequency die forging operation is precisely controlled only by means of innovative structural design aiming at the heating source by intelligent temperature control application, the shaft diameter temperature control circulation system of the shaft end of the crankshaft is increased to reduce the clearance thermal variable of the shaft diameter and the bearing bush, the precision and rotation speed of the transmission system can be improved, the technical problems of precision and efficiency improvement of the hot die forging are fundamentally solved, the inner end of the cooling hole 6 is connected with a first cold air deflector 8, the outer end of the cooling hole is connected with a second cold air deflector 9, the first cold air deflector 8 and the second cold air deflector 9 are used for serially connecting and communicating all cooling holes 6 on the shaft end shaft diameter 3 in an S shape, an exhaust hole 10 is arranged on the second cold air deflector 9, and the first cold air deflector 8 is communicated with an air inlet channel A11 arranged on the crankshaft 1;

the intelligent accurate temperature control system comprises an air cooler 13, wherein the air cooler 13 is connected with an electromagnetic valve 14, the electromagnetic valve 14 is respectively communicated with two air inlet channels A11 through an air inlet pipe 15, temperature sensors 16 are respectively arranged in the supporting sleeve 4 and close to the bearing bush 2, the temperature sensors 16 are respectively connected with a PLC, and the PLC is respectively connected with the air cooler 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14. In consideration of important influencing factors of temperature rise on the matching precision of a hot die forging transmission system, based on the application research of temperature control basic theory, a gas circuit temperature control and temperature detection control integrated technology system under intelligent temperature control is established, an innovative structural design and a PLC control integrated technology are combined, a temperature data acquisition, data analysis, active early warning and early intervention mode is adopted, cold air is used as the cheapest medium for cooling, an upper frequency conversion speed regulation air cooler 13 and an electromagnetic valve 14 of a machine body 5 are combined with an intelligent cooling system to set optimal parameters for controlling and adjusting the start-stop, flow speed and temperature of an air outlet during operation, the cooling hole 6 of a shaft end shaft diameter 3 is directly acted by cold air, so that the cooling hole is in a contact state completely, the intelligent rapid and accurate cooling of the system can be provided, the thermal temperature rise of high-speed movement under high-frequency die forging operation is reduced, the key technical problems of temperature rise of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 of a crankshaft 1 are reduced, the precision and the transmission of the thermal temperature rise are improved are reduced, and the matching precision and the rotation speed of the shaft diameter 3 of the crankshaft 1 and the bearing bush 2 are remarkably improved through structural innovative design. The general temperature rise of the bearing bush in the prior art (national standard) is 40 ℃, the highest temperature is not more than 70 ℃, the experiment and simulation prediction prove that the innovative intelligent temperature control system technology effectively controls the temperature rise range of the shaft diameter 3 of the high-speed rotating shaft and the bearing bush 2 within 10-30 ℃, the highest temperature is not more than 50 ℃, the ratio of the rotary motion clearance of the bearing bush 2 and the shaft diameter 3 of the shaft and the shaft diameter is optimally reduced to 4-5/1000000 from 8-10/1000000 in the prior art, the product precision is improved by more than 80 percent compared with the national standard, the rotating speed is accelerated, the efficiency is improved by 40-60 percent, the precision, the efficiency and the reliability of the whole machine are obviously improved, and the service life of the bearing bush 2 is prolonged by more than 40 percent.

All the cooling holes 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft end shaft diameter 3.

The air inlet path A11 comprises a cooling air inlet hole A1101 axially arranged in the center of the crankshaft 1 and a cooling vent hole A1102 radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft end shaft diameter 3, a rotary joint 1103 communicated with the cooling air inlet hole A1101 is arranged at the end part of the crankshaft 1, the rotary joint 1103 is connected with an air inlet pipe 15, the cooling air inlet hole A1101 is communicated with the cooling vent hole A1102, and the cooling vent hole A1102 is connected with a first cold air deflector 8. An implementation mode for specifically realizing an air inlet channel is provided, and the mode can realize the sealed rapid transmission of cold air.

The two sides of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 are respectively provided with a mounting groove 17, wherein one mounting groove 17 is used for mounting the first cold air deflector 8, and the other mounting groove 17 is used for mounting the second cold air deflector 9. The first cold air deflector 8 and the second cold air deflector 9 are reliably arranged on the shaft end shaft diameter 3.

Example 2

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that:

as shown in fig. 4-6, the cooling holes 6 are communicated with an air inlet path B12 arranged on the supporting sleeve 4 and the bearing bush 2. The air inlet pipe 15 is respectively communicated with the two air inlet passages B12.

The air inlet path B12 comprises a cooling air inlet hole B1201 arranged on the support sleeve 4, a joint 1202 connected with the cooling air inlet hole B1201 is arranged at the outer end of the support sleeve 4, the joint 1202 is connected with the air inlet pipe 15, a cooling vent hole B1203 is radially arranged on the bearing bush 2, a circular groove 1204 is arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush 2 along the circumferential direction of the bearing bush 2, the cooling vent hole B1203 is communicated with the circular groove 1204, a shaft end shaft diameter 3 vent hole 1205 is correspondingly arranged at the position of the shaft end shaft diameter 3, and the shaft end shaft diameter 3 vent hole 1205 is communicated with the circular groove 1204 and the cooling hole 6 at the starting end. Another specific implementation mode for realizing the air inlet channel is provided, and the mode can realize rapid sealing transmission of cold air.

The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of the hot die forging press comprises the intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter, when the temperature rise measured by the temperature sensor 16 reaches a set value, the PLC controller controls the air cooler 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14 to start to work so as to provide cold air, the cold air in the air inlet pipe 15 is conveyed to the cooling hole 6 through the air inlet passage A11 or the air inlet passage B12 to directly cool the shaft diameter 3 of the crankshaft 1, the temperature, the flow and the flow rate of the cold air can be intelligently regulated and controlled according to system set parameters, and when the temperature measured by the stability sensor 15 is restored to be within a normal set value range, the PLC controller controls the air cooler 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14 to stop working. The invention solves the problem that the high-speed rotation friction heating continuous temperature rise between the bearing bushes 2 of the hot die forging crankshaft 1 causes the shaft diameter 3 of the shaft end and the thermal expansion of the bearing bushes 2 to seriously restrict the improvement of the matching precision and the rotation speed of the hot die forging transmission system, avoids the rapid abrasion or damage of the bearing bushes 2, prolongs the service life of the bearing bushes 2, effectively improves the movement speed, the precision, the production efficiency and the quality of processed products of the hot die forging, and realizes the effective breakthrough of the core key technology of the hot die forging and the automatic production line thereof in the aspect of high-efficiency precise intelligent green manufacturing.

The above embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternatives or modifications to the embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention.

The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a hot die forging press bent axle footpath intelligence temperature control device which characterized in that includes:

the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system comprises a crankshaft, a shaft end shaft diameter is arranged on the crankshaft and used for installing a bearing bush, the bearing bush is installed on a machine body through a supporting sleeve, two shaft end shaft diameters are symmetrically arranged on the crankshaft, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the shaft end shaft diameter and are positioned on one side of the shaft end shaft diameter far away from a crank and are axially arranged, a first cold air deflector is connected to the inner end of each cooling hole, a second cold air deflector is connected to the outer end of each cooling hole, all the cooling holes in the shaft end shaft diameter are communicated in series in an S shape, and the first cold air deflector is communicated with an air inlet channel A arranged on the crankshaft or the cooling holes at the starting end are directly communicated with an air inlet channel B arranged on the supporting sleeve and the bearing bush;

the intelligent accurate temperature control system comprises an air cooling machine, wherein the air cooling machine is connected with an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is respectively communicated with two air inlet passages A or two air inlet passages B through an air inlet pipe, temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the supporting sleeve, which are close to the bearing bushes, the temperature sensors are respectively connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC is respectively connected with the air cooling machine and the electromagnetic valve.

2. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1, wherein all the cooling holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft diameter of the shaft end.

3. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft shaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air inlet path A comprises a cooling air inlet hole A axially arranged at the center of the crankshaft and a cooling air vent A radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft diameter of the shaft end, the end part of the crankshaft is provided with a rotary joint communicated with the cooling air inlet hole A, the rotary joint is connected with an air inlet pipe, the cooling air inlet hole A is communicated with the cooling air vent A, and the cooling air vent A is connected with a first cold air deflector.

4. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air inlet path B comprises a cooling air inlet hole B arranged on a supporting sleeve, a joint connected with the cooling air inlet hole B is arranged at the outer end of the supporting sleeve and connected with an air inlet pipe, the bearing bush is radially provided with the cooling air inlet hole B, the inner wall of the bearing bush is provided with a circular groove along the circumferential direction of the bearing bush, the cooling air inlet hole B is communicated with the circular groove, the position of the circular groove on the shaft diameter of the shaft end is correspondingly provided with a shaft diameter vent hole of the shaft end, and the shaft diameter vent hole of the shaft end is communicated with the circular groove and the cooling hole at the starting end.

5. The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of the hot die forging press comprises the steps that according to any one of claims 1-4, when temperature rise measured by a temperature sensor reaches a set value, a PLC (programmable logic controller) controls an air cooler and an electromagnetic valve to start to work so as to provide cold air, the cold air in an air inlet pipe is conveyed to a cooling hole through an air inlet channel A or an air inlet channel B to directly cool the shaft diameter of the shaft end on the crankshaft, the temperature, the flow and the flow rate of the cold air can be intelligently controlled according to system set parameters, and when the temperature measured by a stability sensor is restored to be within a normal set value range, the PLC controls the air cooler and the electromagnetic valve to stop working.

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