CN116060575A - Intelligent temperature control device and method for crankshaft shaft diameter of hot die forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the high-end equipment manufacturing industry, in particular to an intelligent temperature control device and method for the crankshaft shaft diameter of a hot die forging press, including a crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system and an intelligent and precise temperature control system. The crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system passes through the crankshaft The cooling hole is designed on the shaft end and the air inlet air path A is designed in the center of the crankshaft or the air inlet air path B is provided on the support sleeve and the bearing bush to directly and accurately cool the heat source of the shaft end shaft diameter in the high-frequency hot die forging operation; intelligent The precise temperature control system uses temperature sensors, air coolers, solenoid valves, and PLC controllers to intelligently control the temperature rise of the shaft end shaft diameter to reduce thermal variables and thereby reduce the gap between the shaft end shaft diameter and the bearing bush, which can significantly improve the transmission The intelligent green manufacturing features of system operation accuracy, efficiency and reliability, the product accuracy is increased by more than 80% compared with the national standard, the rotation speed is increased by 40-60%, and the service life of the bearing bush is extended by more than 40%, which fundamentally solves the precision of hot die forging , Efficiency improvement technical problems.

Description

Intelligent temperature control device and method for crankshaft shaft diameter of hot die forging press

Technical field:

The invention relates to the technical field of metal forming machine tool equipment manufacturing in the field of intelligent manufacturing of high-end equipment, in particular to an intelligent temperature control device and method for the crankshaft diameter of a hot forging press.

Background technique:

At present, the structure of the existing hot die forging press is shown in Figure 7, including the fuselage, installation through holes are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the fuselage, and support sleeves are respectively arranged in the installation through holes, and the support sleeves are fixed on the fuselage by bolts, supporting A bearing bush is arranged in the sleeve, a crankshaft (eccentric shaft) is arranged in the bearing bush, and a connecting rod bush is arranged outside the crank throw (eccentric part) in the middle of the crankshaft, and the connecting rod bush is arranged in the connecting rod. When working, the connecting rod and the connecting rod bush reciprocate up and down with the rotation of the crankshaft. The crankshaft and the bearing bush form a sliding friction pair and rotate relatively. , the shaft diameter expands outwards after being heated and becomes thicker, and the bearing pad expands inwardly due to heating, causing the hole diameter to shrink, resulting in a gradual decrease in the fit gap between the shaft diameter and the bearing pad, which seriously restricts the further improvement of the fit accuracy and rotation speed of the hot die forging transmission system. It will also cause rapid wear and tear of the bearing bush, damage or lock-up shutdown accidents.

For the hot die forging mechanical press with low crankshaft speed or low precision performance index, the existing technology can basically meet the requirements, but for the high-speed precision hot forging press and its automatic production line, the existing technology cannot meet its high-speed precision operation , Stable and reliable higher performance requirements. With the continuous innovation of technology, some technical problems have been improved to a certain extent, but through the actual application results, there are still some deep-seated key technical problems that need further application of basic research to seek breakthroughs, such as the temperature rise and thermal expansion of the crankshaft shaft diameter, Although the intelligent cooling of the cold air on the outside of the bearing pad alone has broken the key technical constraints of the "stuck neck" of the oil cooling patented technology of similar international products, the application effect has not yet met the long-term stability requirements for the control of the crankshaft shaft diameter and the temperature rise of the bearing pad. Seriously restrict the further effective promotion of crankshaft bearing bush transmission system (fit clearance) accuracy and rotation speed (efficiency). Therefore, how to create an intelligent control system for the temperature rise of the crankshaft shaft of a hot forging press is still a key technical problem that restricts the improvement of the efficient and precise performance of the current hot forging and urgently needs to be solved in the aspect of intelligent manufacturing.

It should be noted that the above content belongs to the scope of the inventor's technical cognition and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an intelligent temperature control device and method for the crankshaft shaft diameter of a hot forging press, which has reasonable structural design, precise intelligent temperature control, remarkable temperature control effect, and prolongs the service life of the bearing bush. Significantly improve the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of the whole machine.

The present invention realizes above-mentioned object by taking following technical scheme:

Intelligent temperature control device for crankshaft diameter of hot die forging press, including:

The crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system includes the crankshaft. The part of the crankshaft used to install the bearing bush is the shaft end shaft diameter. The bearing bush is installed on the fuselage through the support sleeve. Two shaft end shaft diameters are symmetrically arranged on the crankshaft A plurality of cooling holes are provided on the shaft diameter of the shaft end, and the cooling holes are located on the side of the shaft diameter away from the crank throw and are arranged axially. The inner ends of the cooling holes are connected with a first cold air deflector, and the outer The end is connected with a second cold wind deflector, the first cold wind deflector and the second cold wind deflector connect all the cooling holes on the shaft end shaft diameter in S shape in series, and the second cold wind deflector An exhaust hole is provided, and the first cold air deflector communicates with the air intake passage A provided on the crankshaft, or the cooling hole at the beginning directly communicates with the air intake passage B provided on the support sleeve and the bearing bush;

The intelligent and precise temperature control system includes an air cooler, the air cooler is connected to a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is respectively connected to two air inlet air passages A through an air inlet pipe, or is respectively connected to two air inlet air passages B, Temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the two support sleeves close to the bearing bushes, and the two temperature sensors are respectively connected to a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is respectively connected to an air cooler and a solenoid valve.

All the cooling holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the axial diameter of the shaft end.

The air intake path A includes a cooling air inlet A axially arranged at the center of the crankshaft and a cooling ventilation hole A radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft end shaft diameter. The rotary joint is connected to the air inlet pipe, the cooling air inlet A is connected to the cooling ventilation hole A, and the cooling ventilation hole A is connected to the first cold air deflector.

The air intake path B includes a cooling air inlet B provided on the support sleeve, and the outer end of the support sleeve is provided with a joint connected to the cooling air intake B, and the joint is connected to the air intake pipe. There are cooling ventilation holes B in the radial direction, and an annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush along its circumference. The cooling ventilation hole B communicates with the annular groove. The position of the annular groove is provided with a shaft-end shaft-diameter ventilation hole, and the shaft-end shaft-diameter ventilation hole communicates the annular groove with the cooling hole at the beginning.

Both sides of the axle diameter of the shaft end are respectively provided with installation grooves, one of which is used for installing the first cold wind deflector, and the other installation groove is used for installing the second cold wind deflector.

The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft shaft diameter of the hot forging press includes the above-mentioned intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft shaft diameter. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature rise reaches the set value, the PLC controller controls the air cooler and the solenoid valve to start The work provides cold air, and the cold air in the air inlet pipe is sent to the cooling hole through the air inlet air path A or B to directly cool down the shaft diameter of the shaft end on the crankshaft. The temperature, flow rate and flow rate of the cold air can be set according to the system parameters Intelligent control, when the temperature measured by the stable sensor returns to the normal set value range, the PLC controller controls the air cooler and the solenoid valve to stop working.

The present invention adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, can bring following beneficial effect:

Considering the important influence factors of temperature rise on the matching precision of the hot die forging transmission system, based on the application research of the basic theory of temperature control, an integrated technology system of gas circuit temperature control and temperature detection and control under intelligent temperature control is established, combined with innovative structural design and PLC control Integrated technology, using temperature data collection, data analysis, active early warning and early intervention methods, using cold air as the cheapest medium for cooling, when working, it is controlled by frequency conversion speed regulation air cooler on the body, solenoid valve combined with intelligent cooling system to set optimized parameters Adjust the start and stop, flow rate, flow rate and temperature of the air outlet, and directly act on the heat source through the cooling hole of the shaft end shaft diameter through the input of cold air, so that it is completely in contact with the heat source, which can provide the system with intelligent, fast and accurate cooling, and reduce the high-frequency die forging operation. The thermal temperature rise of high-speed movement, thereby reducing the range of temperature rise of the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter, reducing the technical problem of "jamming neck" caused by thermal temperature rise to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the transmission link, and significantly improving the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter and shaft diameter through structural innovation design. Fitting accuracy and rotation speed of the bearing bush. In the prior art (national standard), the general temperature rise of the bearing bush is 40°C, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 70°C. It is confirmed by the experiment and simulation prediction of the present invention that the innovative intelligent temperature control system technology will reduce the shaft diameter of the high-speed rotating shaft end and the temperature rise range of the bearing bush Effectively controlled within 10-30°C, the maximum temperature does not exceed 50°C, the ratio of the rotary motion clearance of the bearing bush and the shaft end shaft diameter to the shaft diameter is optimized and reduced from 8-10/1000000 in the existing technology to 4-5/1000000, and the product accuracy It is more than 80% higher than the national standard, and the rotation speed is increased to increase the efficiency by 40-60%. The accuracy, efficiency and reliability of the whole machine are significantly improved, and the service life of the bearing bush is extended by more than 40%.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent temperature control device for crankshaft shaft diameter in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the air intake path A of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the installation schematic diagram of the temperature sensor of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent temperature control device for crankshaft shaft diameter in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the air inlet air path B of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of part A in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing hot die forging mechanical press;

In the figure, 1. crankshaft, 2. bearing bush, 3. shaft end shaft diameter, 4. support sleeve, 5. fuselage, 6. cooling hole, 7. bell crank, 8. first cold air deflector, 9. the first Two cold air deflectors, 10, exhaust holes, 11, air inlet air path A, 1101, cooling air inlet hole A, 1102, cooling air hole A, 1103, rotary joint, 12, air inlet air path B, 1201, cooling air inlet Air hole B, 1202, joint, 1203, cold air ventilation hole B, 1204, circular groove, 1205, shaft end shaft diameter ventilation hole, 13, air cooler, 14, solenoid valve, 15, air inlet pipe, 16 , temperature sensor, 17, installation groove.

Detailed ways:

In order to explain the overall concept of the present invention more clearly, the following will be described in detail by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific details disclosed below. EXAMPLE LIMITATIONS.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

In the present invention, the terms "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "A", "B", "C", "D", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying The relative importance or implicit indication of the position of the indicated technical feature.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "provided", "set", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "provided" and "set" can be Fixed installation, detachable installation, or integrated; "connection" can be directly connected or connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-3, the intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft shaft diameter of the hot forging press includes:

The crankshaft end shaft diameter cooling system includes a crankshaft 1, the part of the crankshaft 1 used to install the bearing bush 2 is the shaft end shaft diameter 3, the bearing bush 2 is installed on the fuselage 5 through the support sleeve 4, and the crankshaft 1 is symmetrically arranged There are two shaft-end shaft diameters 3, and a plurality of cooling holes 6 are arranged on the shaft-end shaft diameter 3, and the cooling holes 6 are located on the side of the shaft-end shaft diameter 3 away from the crank throw 7 and are arranged axially (heat mold During the die forging process of the forging press, when the connecting rod repeatedly moves up and down to the nominal pressure angle close to the bottom dead center, the shaft end shaft diameter 3 of the crankshaft 1 and the bearing bush 2 produce a squeezing force, and the closer the bearing bush and the shaft at the bottom dead center The specific pressure of the sliding contact surface at the upper part of the end shaft diameter 3 is the largest, and the actual test here is the source of friction and heat generation. The key core technical problem that restricts the accuracy and efficiency of the hot forging transmission system is how to further control the temperature rise of the crankshaft shaft diameter. Based on the temperature The basic research on the application of rising theory shows that the increase of thermal deformation of metal is 1/100000 for every 1°C increase, and the thermal temperature rise affects the clearance change of the hot die forging transmission system, including the shrinkage of the inner hole of the bearing bush and the temperature rise of the shaft diameter. Thickening is the result of two-way composite action, so only for the source of heat generation, rely on intelligent temperature control application to carry out innovative structural design, accurately control the temperature rise of the high-speed rotating heat source heat under high-frequency die forging operations, and increase the temperature control circulation system of the shaft end shaft diameter of the crankshaft To reduce the thermal variable of the gap between the shaft diameter and the bearing bush, the accuracy and rotation speed of the transmission system can be improved, and the technical problem of improving the accuracy and efficiency of hot die forging can be fundamentally solved), the inner end of the cooling hole 6 is connected with the first cold air The deflector 8, the outer end is connected with the second cold wind deflector 9, and the first cold wind deflector 8 and the second cold wind deflector 9 connect all the cooling holes 6 on the shaft end shaft diameter 3 in S shape in series In communication, the second cold wind deflector 9 is provided with an exhaust hole 10, and the first cold wind deflector 8 communicates with the air inlet air path A11 arranged on the crankshaft 1;

The intelligent and precise temperature control system includes an air cooler 13, the air cooler 13 is connected to a solenoid valve 14, and the solenoid valve 14 is connected to the two air inlet air paths A11 respectively through the air inlet pipe 15, and the two support sleeves A temperature sensor 16 is respectively provided in the 4 close to the bearing bush 2, and the two temperature sensors 16 are respectively connected to a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is respectively connected to the air cooler 13 and the solenoid valve 14. Considering the important influence factors of temperature rise on the matching precision of the hot die forging transmission system, based on the application research of the basic theory of temperature control, an integrated technology system of gas circuit temperature control and temperature detection and control under intelligent temperature control is established, combined with innovative structural design and PLC control Integrated technology, using temperature data collection, data analysis, active early warning and early intervention methods, using cold air as the cheapest medium for cooling, when working, it is set by the air cooler 13 with frequency conversion speed regulation on the body 5, solenoid valve 14 combined with an intelligent cooling system Optimize the parameter control to adjust the start and stop, flow rate, flow rate, and temperature of the air outlet, and directly act on the cooling hole 6 of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 through the input of cold air, so that it is completely in contact with the system, which can provide the system with intelligent, fast and accurate cooling, and reduce high-frequency mode The thermal temperature rise of high-speed motion under forging operation, thereby reducing the temperature rise range of the crankshaft 1 shaft end shaft diameter 3, reducing the thermal temperature rise and the key technical problem of improving the accuracy and efficiency of the transmission link, and significantly improving the crankshaft 1 shaft end through structural innovation design The matching accuracy and rotation speed of the shaft diameter 3 and the bearing bush 2. In the prior art (national standard), the general temperature rise of bearing bushes is 40°C, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 70°C. The experiments and simulation predictions of the present invention prove that the innovative intelligent temperature control system technology controls the high-speed rotating shaft end shaft diameter 3 and the bearing bush 2 temperature. The liter range is effectively controlled within 10-30°C, the maximum temperature does not exceed 50°C, and the ratio of the rotational clearance of the bearing bush 2 and the shaft end shaft diameter 3 to the shaft diameter is optimized from 8-10/1000000 in the prior art to 4-5/ 1,000,000, the product accuracy is increased by more than 80% compared with the national standard, the rotation speed is increased to increase the efficiency by 40-60%, the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of the whole machine are significantly improved, and the service life of the bearing bush 2 is extended by more than 40%.

All the cooling holes 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft diameter 3 of the shaft end.

The air intake path A11 includes a cooling air inlet A1101 axially arranged at the center of the crankshaft 1 and a cooling ventilation hole A1102 radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft end shaft diameter 3, and the end of the crankshaft 1 is provided with a cooling air inlet A rotary joint 1103 connected to the hole A1101, the rotary joint 1103 is connected to the air inlet pipe 15, the cooling air inlet A1101 is connected to the cooling ventilation hole A1102, and the cooling ventilation hole A1102 is connected to the first cold air deflector 8 connect. A specific implementation method for realizing the air inlet air path is given, which can realize the sealed and rapid transmission of cold air.

Both sides of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 are respectively provided with installation grooves 17, one of which is used to install the first cold wind deflector 8, and the other installation groove 17 is used to install the second cold wind deflector 9 . Realize that the first cold wind deflector 8 and the second cold wind deflector 9 are reliably installed on the shaft end shaft diameter 3 .

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:

As shown in FIGS. 4-6 , the cooling hole 6 communicates with the air inlet air passage B12 provided on the support sleeve 4 and the bearing bush 2 . The air inlet pipe 15 communicates with two air inlet air passages B12 respectively.

The air intake path B12 includes a cooling air inlet hole B1201 provided on the support sleeve 4, and the outer end of the support sleeve 4 is provided with a joint 1202 connected to the cooling air intake hole B1201, and the joint 1202 is connected to the air intake pipe 15 , the bearing bush 2 is radially provided with a cooling ventilation hole B1203, and the inner wall of the bearing bush 2 is provided with an annular groove 1204 along its circumferential direction, and the cooling ventilation hole B1203 communicates with the annular groove 1204, so The shaft end shaft diameter 3 is correspondingly provided with an annular groove 1204, and the position is provided with a shaft end shaft diameter 3 ventilation hole 1205. The shaft end shaft diameter 3 ventilation hole 1205 connects the annular groove 1204 and the cooling device at the beginning. Hole 6 communicates. Another specific implementation method for realizing the air inlet air path is given, which can realize the rapid and sealed transmission of cold air.

The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of a hot forging press includes the above-mentioned intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter. When the temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature rise reaches a set value, the PLC controller controls the air cooler 13, the electromagnetic The valve 14 starts to work to provide cold air, and the cold air in the air inlet pipe 15 is sent to the cooling hole 6 through the air inlet air path A11 or the air inlet air path B12 to directly cool the shaft end shaft diameter 3 on the crankshaft 1 rapidly, and the temperature, flow rate, and The flow rate can be intelligently regulated according to the system setting parameters. When the temperature measured by the stable sensor 15 returns to the normal set value range, the PLC controller controls the air cooler 13 and the solenoid valve 14 to stop working. The present invention solves the problem that the high-speed rotating friction between the hot die forging crankshaft 1 and the bearing bush 2 heats up continuously and causes the thermal expansion of the shaft end shaft diameter 3 and the bearing bush 2 to seriously restrict the improvement of the matching accuracy and rotation speed of the hot forging transmission system, and avoids the problem of the bearing bush 2 Rapid wear or damage prolongs the service life of bearing bush 2, effectively improves the movement speed, precision, production efficiency and processed product quality of hot die forging, and realizes the core key of hot die forging and its automatic production line in high-efficiency, precise, intelligent and green manufacturing An effective breakthrough in technology.

The above specific implementation manners cannot be regarded as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any substitution, improvement or transformation made to the implementation manners of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are known technologies of those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a hot die forging press bent axle footpath intelligence temperature control device which characterized in that includes:

the crankshaft shaft end shaft diameter cooling system comprises a crankshaft, a shaft end shaft diameter is arranged on the crankshaft and used for installing a bearing bush, the bearing bush is installed on a machine body through a supporting sleeve, two shaft end shaft diameters are symmetrically arranged on the crankshaft, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the shaft end shaft diameter and are positioned on one side of the shaft end shaft diameter far away from a crank and are axially arranged, a first cold air deflector is connected to the inner end of each cooling hole, a second cold air deflector is connected to the outer end of each cooling hole, all the cooling holes in the shaft end shaft diameter are communicated in series in an S shape, and the first cold air deflector is communicated with an air inlet channel A arranged on the crankshaft or the cooling holes at the starting end are directly communicated with an air inlet channel B arranged on the supporting sleeve and the bearing bush;

the intelligent accurate temperature control system comprises an air cooling machine, wherein the air cooling machine is connected with an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is respectively communicated with two air inlet passages A or two air inlet passages B through an air inlet pipe, temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the supporting sleeve, which are close to the bearing bushes, the temperature sensors are respectively connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC is respectively connected with the air cooling machine and the electromagnetic valve.

2. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1, wherein all the cooling holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft diameter of the shaft end.

3. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft shaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air inlet path A comprises a cooling air inlet hole A axially arranged at the center of the crankshaft and a cooling air vent A radially arranged on the inner side of the shaft diameter of the shaft end, the end part of the crankshaft is provided with a rotary joint communicated with the cooling air inlet hole A, the rotary joint is connected with an air inlet pipe, the cooling air inlet hole A is communicated with the cooling air vent A, and the cooling air vent A is connected with a first cold air deflector.

4. The intelligent temperature control device for the crankshaft diameter of the hot forging press according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air inlet path B comprises a cooling air inlet hole B arranged on a supporting sleeve, a joint connected with the cooling air inlet hole B is arranged at the outer end of the supporting sleeve and connected with an air inlet pipe, the bearing bush is radially provided with the cooling air inlet hole B, the inner wall of the bearing bush is provided with a circular groove along the circumferential direction of the bearing bush, the cooling air inlet hole B is communicated with the circular groove, the position of the circular groove on the shaft diameter of the shaft end is correspondingly provided with a shaft diameter vent hole of the shaft end, and the shaft diameter vent hole of the shaft end is communicated with the circular groove and the cooling hole at the starting end.

5. The intelligent temperature control method for the crankshaft diameter of the hot die forging press comprises the steps that according to any one of claims 1-4, when temperature rise measured by a temperature sensor reaches a set value, a PLC (programmable logic controller) controls an air cooler and an electromagnetic valve to start to work so as to provide cold air, the cold air in an air inlet pipe is conveyed to a cooling hole through an air inlet channel A or an air inlet channel B to directly cool the shaft diameter of the shaft end on the crankshaft, the temperature, the flow and the flow rate of the cold air can be intelligently controlled according to system set parameters, and when the temperature measured by a stability sensor is restored to be within a normal set value range, the PLC controls the air cooler and the electromagnetic valve to stop working.

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