CN116054900A - Photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device and method - Google Patents
Photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116054900A CN116054900A CN202211673433.4A CN202211673433A CN116054900A CN 116054900 A CN116054900 A CN 116054900A CN 202211673433 A CN202211673433 A CN 202211673433A CN 116054900 A CN116054900 A CN 116054900A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
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Abstract
The invention discloses photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving equipment and a method, wherein the equipment comprises an antenna array surface, a radio frequency receiving assembly, a light-operated beam forming network and a comprehensive signal processing module; the antenna array surface is used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by the aircraft in space and converting the electromagnetic waves into multiple independent radio frequency signals; the radio frequency receiving assembly is used for transmitting a plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals to the light-operated beam forming network; the light-operated beam forming network is used for forming a plurality of light domain beam signals and transmitting the light domain beam signals to the comprehensive signal processing module; the comprehensive signal processing module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the target radio frequency beam signals to obtain digital beam signals, carrying out demodulation processing on the digital beam signals to finally obtain a plurality of high-speed data, and sending the high-speed data to the monitoring subsystem. The invention can realize large bandwidth, high integration, high reliability and strong expansibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of spacecraft measurement and control technology and satellite application, in particular to photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving equipment and method.
Background
With the rapid development of the aerospace technology and the second-generation navigation system in China, the number of on-orbit satellites such as terrestrial remote sensing satellites, marine remote sensing satellites, communication satellites, navigation satellites and other low-orbit aircrafts is rapidly increased in the next ten years, the number of on-orbit satellites in China is predicted to reach about 150 according to the aerospace development planning in China in 2020, the required working frequency and working bandwidth are also improved accordingly, and the establishment of a ground system which can adapt to broadband and multi-target reception at the same time is inevitable.
The U.S. AFSCN develops a GDPAA-ATD multi-target measurement and control project, the antenna is in the form of a six-sided electric scanning phased array antenna, the receiving frequency band is 2.2-2.3GHz, 4 beams can be formed by adopting a digital beam forming system, the receiving and transmitting components all adopt an active phased array system, and the phase control is completed by a 4-bit phase shifter. The system has the problems of low working bandwidth, small number of beams, weak data transmission capability and insufficient supporting strength for multi-target reception; in addition, the system adopts a digital beam forming system, is complex, has high power consumption, needs to independently build a power station for a cooling system, has poor overall economic feasibility, and is difficult to be suitable for the development of high-frequency band systems such as Ka and the like in the future.
According to the concept of a grid spherical phased array antenna proposed by the European space agency in the United states, a scheme of a grid spherical top phased array antenna (GEODA) with the diameter of 5m is proposed in 2007, beam forming is completed in an electric domain, double circular polarization is adopted for receiving, a 1.7GHz S band is adopted, communication with a plurality of satellites can be carried out at one time, the design characteristics of the antenna are the same as those of the AFSCN in the United states, the same problems are faced, namely, the economic feasibility is poor, broadband signals cannot be processed, and the receiving capacity is weak.
From the research results and practical engineering at home and abroad, the directional diagram of the antenna scheme adopting subarray multi-beam formation is only limited by subarrays, and the instantaneous bandwidth only depends on the caliber of the subarrays. By adopting the structure of subarray delay and unit phase shift, the cost and complexity of the array are reduced, and more importantly, the aperture transit time can be partially counteracted, so that a wider instantaneous signal bandwidth is obtained. When the delay value of each delay line unit is changed, beam scanning can be completed, so that the problem of instantaneous bandwidth limitation of an array is solved, and antenna beam scanning is completed. However, the current phased array system adopts an electric delay method, which is usually realized by adopting a metal waveguide or a coaxial cable, and the delay equipment has large loss, large volume, large weight and narrow frequency band, and can have large electromagnetic interference, coupling and radiation, so that the method is obviously difficult to be practical in a large multi-target phased array system.
Most likely to solve the problem, the technical breakthrough brought to the traditional large-airspace large-scale electric scanning phased array antenna system is a photon technology which takes a semiconductor laser, integrated optics and optical fiber technology as a core and is developed very rapidly at present. Through OTTD (optical true time delay) technology and an optical wave beam forming network, the problem of wave beam inclination can be solved, the working capacity of large instantaneous bandwidth and other superior performances are obtained, the high-speed data receiving of full airspace, multiple wave beams and large bandwidth is realized, an optical signal processing method is easy to directly adopt, and the electromagnetic interference resistance is high. However, the foreign aerospace application field is very serious to the technical blockade of China, so that the key technical autonomous guarantee is realized for breaking the blockade of the foreign broadband light-operated beam forming multi-target receiving technology, and the demand of developing a photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device is very urgent and imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing large-scale full-electronic-control beam forming multi-target receiving system is limited by the array aperture transit time and can only work under relatively narrow signal bandwidth, the electric scanning angle is limited and full airspace coverage cannot be realized, the invention provides photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving equipment and a photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving method, and aims to solve the technical problems.
The invention discloses photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving equipment, which comprises an antenna array surface, a radio frequency receiving assembly, a light-operated beam forming network and a comprehensive signal processing module, wherein the antenna array surface is connected with the radio frequency receiving assembly;
the antenna array surface is divided into a plurality of subarrays, and each subarray comprises a plurality of array elements which are used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by an aircraft in space and converting the electromagnetic waves into a plurality of independent radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency receiving assembly is connected with the antenna array surface and is used for receiving the multiple paths of independent radio frequency signals, amplifying, dividing and shifting the power of each received radio frequency signal to form array element level beam signals, adding the array element level beam signals by taking a plurality of subarrays as units to obtain a plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals, and transmitting the subarray level radio frequency beam signals to the light-operated beam forming network;
the light-operated beam forming network is used for carrying out electro-optic transformation on the plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals, carrying out delay phase shift sum, signal distribution and superposition on the plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals in an optical domain to form a plurality of optical domain beam signals, and transmitting the plurality of optical domain beam signals to the comprehensive signal processing module;
the integrated signal processing module is interconnected with the light-operated beam forming network and is used for forming a plurality of corresponding target radio frequency beam signals after photoelectric conversion of the received light domain beam signals, carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the target radio frequency beam signals to obtain digital beam signals, carrying out demodulation processing on the digital beam signals to finally obtain a plurality of high-speed data transmission data, and sending the data transmission data to the monitoring subsystem.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the beam control module is used for calculating angle information of the aircraft, and sending a control command to the radio frequency receiving assembly and the light-operated beam forming network, wherein the control command comprises a plurality of beam pointing information formed simultaneously, so that a formed subarray level beam signal and a formed light beam signal point to the angle of the aircraft in real time;
the monitoring subsystem is interconnected with the radio frequency receiving assembly, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module through the gigabit network interface, is used for collecting monitoring information of equipment and is responsible for storing a plurality of high-speed data transmitted by the comprehensive signal processing module.
Further, the monitoring subsystem consists of a monitoring computer and recording equipment; the monitoring computer is used for completing unified real-time monitoring and control of the radio frequency receiving assembly, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module; the recording equipment is used for completing the tasks of storing and replaying a plurality of high-speed data, and simultaneously supporting the management and maintenance of stored data;
the recording device comprises a field programmable gate array FPGA, a NAND FLASH solid-state storage array and a multi-port storage control unit, wherein the field programmable gate array FPGA is used for receiving a plurality of high-speed data from the comprehensive signal processing module, realizing ECC encoding and decoding, an equalization algorithm and a bad block removing function through the data preprocessing unit, storing the plurality of high-speed data into the NAND FLASH solid-state storage array under the control of the multi-port storage control unit, and completing the recording operation of the plurality of high-speed data.
Further, the antenna array surface is composed of a plurality of triangular subarrays, each triangular subarray is composed of a plurality of antenna array elements, and each antenna array element covers a receiving frequency and is used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by a space and converting the electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electric signals;
the triangular subarrays are connected with the radio frequency receiving assembly through an SMA blind insertion connector to form an integrated public subarray front end unit, and an extensible full-airspace evolution conformal phased array can be constructed through extension and splicing.
Further, the radio frequency receiving assembly adopts a chip and MMCM integrated route, and is divided into three unit circuit cascading, wherein the top layer is a low-noise amplifier, the middle layer is a multi-beam forming network, and the bottom layer is a wave control unit;
the radio frequency receiving assembly is in blind insertion interconnection with the antenna array surface through an SMA connector and is used for preprocessing signals received by each antenna array element and sending a plurality of sub-array microwave signals formed after preprocessing into an optical wave beam forming network; the preprocessing comprises low noise amplification, phase shifting and combining.
The circuit distribution of the radio frequency receiving assembly is triangular, a single triangular antenna subarray comprises 55 array element input links, and each triangular antenna subarray input link is accessed to 1: the 16 power divider, the radio frequency receiving assembly adopts 6 groups of 55×5 frequency beam forming networks to realize the phase control of 5280 links, and outputs the phase control to the subsequent processing circuit, each triangular antenna subarray outputs 16 subarray level radio frequency beams through the electric domain beam forming process, and 96 subarray level radio frequency beams are output to the light control beam forming network in total so as to carry out the subsequent optical domain beam forming process.
Further, the light-operated beam forming network is used for completing delay phase shifting and signal distribution/superposition of microwave signals in an optical domain by the light delay phase-shifting beam forming network after the subarray level radio frequency beam signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion, so that a plurality of optical domain beam signals are formed, and space beam scanning is realized.
The invention also provides a photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the target aircraft transmits downlink radio frequency signals;
s2: the antenna array surface and the radio frequency receiving assembly receive a downlink radio frequency signal of the target aircraft, amplify and phase shift the downlink radio frequency signal, and then send a subarray level radio frequency beam signal to the light-operated beam forming network;
s3: the light-operated beam forming network receives subarray level radio frequency beam signals to process and complete light domain beam forming, generates target radio frequency beam signals after photoelectric conversion of a plurality of light domain beam signals, and sends the target radio frequency beam signals into the comprehensive signal processing module to demodulate;
s4: the comprehensive signal processing module receives a target radio frequency beam signal sent by the light-operated beam forming network, performs analog-to-digital conversion to form a digital beam signal, processes the digital beam signal to generate an information stream, and sends the information stream and the light domain beam signal to recording equipment in the monitoring subsystem for recording; detecting and counting the success rate information of high-speed data reception, and reporting to a monitoring subsystem;
s5: the monitoring subsystem receives the high-speed data receiving success rate information sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, displays and detects the equipment states of the radio frequency receiving component, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module, and diagnoses the data receiving health state and the task executing state by combining the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module.
Further, the step S4 includes:
the comprehensive signal processing module receives a target radio frequency beam signal sent by the light-operated beam forming network, performs analog-to-digital conversion to form a digital beam signal, and performs demodulation processing on the digital beam signal to generate an information stream; the demodulation processing comprises two sequential steps of a receiving demodulation step and a data processing step, wherein the receiving demodulation step recovers the baseband data by digital down-conversion, symbol synchronization, carrier synchronization and channel equalization processing of the input digital beam signal, and the data processing step recovers the transmitted information stream by decoding, descrambling and frame synchronization processing of the demodulated baseband data; the information flow and the optical domain beam signals are sent to recording equipment in the monitoring subsystem for recording; the monitoring subsystem counts the success rate information of high-speed data reception by comparing and detecting the consistency of the transmitted and received information streams, and reports the success rate information to the monitoring subsystem.
Further, the step S5 includes:
the monitoring subsystem receives the high-speed data receiving success rate information sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, displays and detects the equipment states of the radio frequency receiving component, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module, wherein the equipment state parameters comprise current, voltage, temperature and function abnormality indication information, and the high-speed data receiving is stopped if the error rate of the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module is greater than 1E-9 in combination with the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, whether the parameters in the equipment state parameters are abnormal or not is inquired, the data receiving health state and the task executing state are diagnosed, and if the error rate of the high-speed data statistics result is less than 1E-9, the task is continued to normally execute.
Further, each independent optical beam forming network is capable of receiving 16 sub-array level radio frequency beam signals; the optical wave beam forming network receives 6 groups of 96 subarray level radio frequency wave beam signals; feeding the subarray level radio frequency beam signals to an electro-optical modulator, and modulating the corresponding 6 subarray level radio frequency beam signals in different optical wavelengths by each independent optical beam forming network to obtain 16 subarray level primary optical beam signals; the 16 independent optical wave beam forming networks respectively carry out multi-byte delay adjustment and amplitude weighting control on each sub-array level primary optical wave beam signal through an optical waveguide and an optical power regulator to obtain sub-array level delay optical wave beam signals, then the 6 independent optical wave beam forming networks add sub-array level Shi Yanguang wave beam signals with the same number M value in each sub-array level Shi Yanguang wave beam signal in the 6 sub-arrays through 16 optical power combiners to form 16 optical domain wave beam signals, and each optical domain wave beam signal simultaneously corresponds to radio frequency signals of all sub-arrays of 16 optical wavelengths, namely, independent combination of 16 wave beams is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The optical fiber delay line is adopted to replace an electric delay line, delay processing is carried out in an optical domain, the problem that the traditional immunity method is subjected to electromagnetic interference is solved, phase and amplitude compensation and rapid signal processing are conveniently realized, side lobe suppression and rapid beam scanning are facilitated, and system performance is improved;
2) By adopting the light-operated beam forming technology, the characteristics of strong light processing broadband capability and low power consumption are fully utilized, the problems that the beam forming resource consumption in the electric domain is high, the beam forming resource consumption is limited by array time dispersion and space dispersion, the beam forming resource can only work under relatively narrow signal bandwidth, the electric scanning angle is limited, and full airspace coverage can not be realized are solved, the working bandwidth and the working frequency range of the system can be effectively improved, front-end and rear-end processing is reduced, the equipment quantity is further reduced, the system performance is improved, and the economic feasibility is increased;
3) And an integrated common subarray front end unit is adopted to integrally design an antenna array surface and a receiving assembly in a subarray mode. The invention decomposes a complex large-scale conformal array into an integrated public subarray front-end unit which can be covered in a full airspace, reduces the realization difficulty of large-scale array engineering and has obvious advantages. Meanwhile, the subarray structure provided by the invention can be used for carrying out full airspace evolution splicing, can cover a full airspace, and has the advantages of stable antenna gain and high single-beam caliber utilization rate under different directions.
The designs are blank work in the field of light control phased arrays and traditional measurement and control in China at present.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an architecture of a photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a radio frequency receiving component;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an optical beam forming network;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an integrated signal processing module;
fig. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of a triangular antenna subarray structure;
FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the hexagonal subarray structure of FIG. 5 (a) formed by expanding on the same plane;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of the workflow of an opto-electronic hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention. The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving apparatus: the full airspace coverage is carried out by adopting a hemispherical and cylindrical antenna structure form, after each antenna array element is received, 16 independent wave beams are formed in an optical domain, and electric domain multi-wave beams are output through optical/electrical conversion, and the whole antenna array face, a radio frequency receiving assembly, a wave beam forming network, a wave beam control module, a comprehensive signal processing module and a monitoring subsystem are formed. The antenna array surface and the radio frequency receiving assembly are subjected to blind insertion interconnection through an SMA connector, and radio frequency signal transmission is performed; the light-operated beam forming network receives the radio frequency signals from the radio frequency receiving assembly through a single mode fiber, modulates the radio frequency signals in an optical frequency band, performs beam forming processing in an optical domain, and outputs a plurality of radio frequency beams to the comprehensive signal processing module; the comprehensive signal processing module is interconnected with the light-operated beam forming network through an SMA interface to perform signal interaction; the beam control system sends a control command to the receiving component and the light-operated beam forming network through the LVDS parallel bus and receives returned equipment information; the monitoring subsystem is interconnected with each module through the gigabit Ethernet, collects task information in the running process of the system and is responsible for storing task data. According to a mission plan, when data receiving is required to be carried out on the target spacecraft, downlink signals forwarded by a plurality of target spacecraft pass through an antenna array element and subarray microwave signals output by a receiving assembly, after the microwave signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion, delay phase shifting and signal distribution/superposition of the microwave signals in an optical domain are completed by an optical delay phase shifting beam forming network, multiple beams are formed, and space beam scanning is realized. The formed wave beam is subjected to A/D conversion and is sent to a comprehensive signal processing module, the comprehensive signal processing module is used for finishing data processing under a corresponding data transmission mode corresponding to baseband equipment, corresponding data transmission data are obtained, and the data are stored in a local storage mode and simultaneously are stored through a data transmission computer, so that playback can be performed.
The coverage area of the antenna array surface is 0-360 faces, the pitching angle is 5-90 degrees, the antenna adopts a mode of splicing six triangular subarrays with a hexagonal array disk, a single triangular subarray comprises 55 array elements, the hexagonal array disk comprises 330 array elements, the array elements are used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by space and converting the electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electric signals, the working frequency band is designed to be a 27GHz-31GHz receiving frequency band in an embodiment, the instantaneous bandwidth is 4GHz, the antenna is not limited to the frequency band, and the expansion of any frequency band within 0-45GHz can be carried out.
The radio frequency receiving assembly respectively performs low-noise amplification, phase shifting and combining on signals received by each antenna array element, forms subarray level radio frequency beam signals, and sends the formed subarray level radio frequency beams into the optical wave beam forming network. The receiving component adopts a chip and MMCM integrated route. The receiving assembly is divided into three unit circuit cascade connection, the top layer is low noise amplifier, the middle layer is multi-beam forming network, and the bottom layer is wave control unit. The circuit distribution of the radio frequency receiving assembly is triangular in structure, each triangular antenna subarray consists of 55 array elements, the array elements of each triangular antenna subarray are connected into a 1:16 power divider, 880 array element links are adopted by the receiving assembly, the phase control of 5280 array element links is realized by adopting 6 groups of 55X 16-scale radio frequency beam forming networks, the radio frequency receiving assembly is output to a subsequent processing circuit, 16 subarray level radio frequency beams are output by each radio frequency receiving assembly through electric domain beam forming processing, 96 subarray level radio frequency beam signals are output to the light-operated beam forming network in total, and subsequent optical domain beam forming processing is carried out.
The light-operated beam forming network is used for forming the subarray-level radio-frequency beam signals output by the receiving assembly, and after the subarray-level radio-frequency beam signals are subjected to electro-optic conversion, the light-delayed phase-shifting beam forming network is used for completing the delay phase shifting and signal distribution/superposition of the radio-frequency signals in an optical domain, so that the optical domain beam signals are formed, and the space beam scanning is realized.
The integrated signal processing module mainly comprises a channel unit and a receiving demodulation unit. The channel unit converts the optical domain beam signal into a target radio frequency beam signal through photoelectric conversion, performs analog low-pass filtering and then performs A/D sampling, and sends the sampled digital signal to an FPGA in the receiving demodulation unit for demodulation processing.
The beam control module is used for calculating angle information of the aircraft, and sending a control command to the radio frequency receiving assembly and the light-operated beam forming network, wherein the control command comprises a plurality of beam pointing information formed simultaneously, so that a formed subarray level beam signal and a formed light beam signal point to the angle of the aircraft in real time;
the monitoring subsystem is used for interconnection with the radio frequency receiving assembly, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module through the gigabit network interface, collecting monitoring information of equipment and storing a plurality of high-speed data output by the comprehensive signal processing module. The recording device mainly completes the tasks of transmitting, storing and replaying the demodulated data of the input wave beam and the time code, simultaneously supports the management and maintenance of the stored data, realizes the real-time monitoring and control of the system, mainly comprises an FPGA and a high-capacity NAND FLASH solid-state storage array, wherein the FPGA uses three Xilinx Virtex6 XCVX 315T-2FF1759 chips for receiving the data from the comprehensive signal processing module, realizes ECC encoding and decoding, an equalizing algorithm and a bad block removing function through a data preprocessing unit, and stores the data into the NAND FLASH solid-state storage array. The solid-state memory array uses 48 chips with the density of 512Gbits, the depth of 8bits and the model MT29F512G08AUCBBH8-6 to write the integrated data into three large-capacity data storage modules under the control of a multi-port data storage controller unit, so as to complete the data recording operation.
Referring to fig. 2, the main function of the rf receiving assembly according to the present embodiment is to amplify, divide power, shift phase and synthesize signals output by the signal antenna subarrays, where a single rf receiving assembly corresponds to the antenna array subarrays one by one. The single radio frequency receiving assembly amplifies radio frequency signals received by all array elements in a single antenna subarray through a low noise amplifier, the amplified signals of all the antenna array elements are sent to a 1:16 power division network, the 1:16 power division network averagely divides the signals of all the antenna array elements into 16 independent array element signal sub-channels, and each sub-channel carries out phase adjustment on the signals of each sub-channel through a phase shifter, so that the small-range angle tracking of an aircraft can be realized; and numbering each channel of the power division network, adding the independent array element signal sub-channels with the same number in each subarray through a power synthesizer to form 16 subarray level radio frequency beam signals, and outputting the 16 subarray level radio frequency beam signals to an optical beam forming network for subsequent processing. In this embodiment, the total number of antenna array elements is 330, and the total number of antenna array elements is divided by using 55 array elements as a sub-array, and there are 6 sub-arrays, that is, 6 radio frequency receiving components are corresponding to the antenna sub-arrays, and each radio frequency receiving component outputs 16 sub-array level radio frequency beam signals, and 96 sub-array level radio frequency beam signals.
Referring to fig. 3, in the optical beam forming network according to the present embodiment, a modular design is adopted, each independent optical beam forming network may receive 16 sub-array level rf beam signals, in principle, the present embodiment may implement any target number of optical beam forming network structures, number sub-array level rf beam signals, where the number is characterized by N sub-arrays and the total number of finally formed beams is M, and then n_m represents the M-th beam in the sub-array N, and is differentiated according to the ITU standard by allocating different specified optical wavelengths to the sub-array level rf beam signals; when the subarray number N and the total number M of beams are expanded, the equipment expansion of any target number can be realized by expanding the number of independent optical beam forming networks. The optical wave beam forming network receives 6 groups of 96 subarray level radio frequency wave beam signals; feeding the subarray level radio frequency beam signals to an electro-optical modulator, and modulating the corresponding 6 subarray level radio frequency beam signals in different optical wavelengths by each independent optical beam forming network to obtain 16 subarray level primary optical beam signals; the 16 independent optical beam forming networks respectively carry out multi-byte delay adjustment and amplitude weighting control on each sub-array level primary optical beam signal through an optical waveguide and an optical power regulator to obtain sub-array level delay optical beam signals, and then the 6 independent optical beam forming networks add sub-array level Shi Yanguang beam signals with the same number M value in each sub-array level Shi Yanguang beam signal in the 6 sub-arrays through 16 optical power combiners to form 16 optical domain beam signals. Each optical domain beam signal corresponds to the radio frequency signals of all subarrays of 16 optical wavelengths at the same time, namely, independent synthesis of 16 beams is realized.
Referring to fig. 4, the integrated signal processing module in this embodiment mainly includes a channel unit and a receiving demodulation unit. The channel unit converts the optical domain beam signal into a target radio frequency beam signal through photoelectric conversion, sends the target radio frequency beam signal into an analog-to-digital conversion chip in the receiving demodulation unit for sampling after analog low-pass filtering, and sends the sampled digital signal into an FPGA in the receiving demodulation unit for demodulation processing. The demodulation digital signal processing adopts a full digital processing mode, wherein the FPGA adopts the Xilinx XC7VX690T-2FFG1927 model, the analog-digital conversion chip adopts a TI 12D1800RF device, the sampling bit number is 12 bits, and the sampling rate is 3.6Gsps.
Referring to fig. 5 (a), the triangular antenna subarray structure according to the present embodiment is filled with triangular subarrays, each triangular subarray includes 55 array elements, and the array element spacing is 6.0mm. Triangular subarrays can be broken down into three levels, from large to small: array disk, subarray and array element. Wherein 55 array elements form a triangular subarray, and 6 triangular subarrays can be expanded on the same plane to form a hexagonal array disc, as shown in fig. 5 (b). The antenna array distributes the hardware of the radio frequency receiving assembly to each hexagonal array disk, and the hexagonal array disk further decomposes the beam synthesis to the triangular subarrays, so that the situation that the beam synthesis is intensively processed by a central control device is avoided, the hardware and assembly cost of a link cable are reduced to a certain extent, the hardware complexity is obviously reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved. This distributed beam forming scheme has significant advantages in large arrays.
Referring to fig. 6, an operation procedure of the photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device includes:
s1: after the system capturing is completed, the target aircraft sends a downlink signal;
s2: the array antenna array receives the downlink signal of the target aircraft, amplifies and phase-shifts the signal, and then transmits the signal to the light-operated beam forming network through the subarray level radio frequency sub-beams;
s3: an optically controlled beamforming network:
1. receiving the downlink subarray beam signals for processing and completing the formation of light beams;
2. sending the light beams into a back-end comprehensive processing terminal for demodulation;
s4: and (3) comprehensively processing the terminal:
1. receiving a downlink light beam signal sent by the light-operated beam forming network, and performing demodulation and other processes to generate an information stream;
2. sending the demodulation information and the original beam signal into a storage device;
3. transmitting the data transmitted after the task according to the post retransmission command;
4. detecting the receiving state of the statistics data and reporting to the monitoring equipment;
s5: monitoring and storage device:
1. receiving data transmission statistics results of the comprehensive processing terminal and displaying the statistics results according to tasks;
2. detecting the state of downlink signal receiving and demodulating equipment, and diagnosing the data transmission health state and the task execution state by combining the statistical result sent by the data transmission data;
3. and controlling retransmission of the data transmission according to the planned requirements.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the design of an opto-electronic hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The photoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device is characterized by comprising an antenna array surface, a radio frequency receiving assembly, a light-operated beam forming network and a comprehensive signal processing module;
the antenna array surface is divided into a plurality of subarrays, and each subarray comprises a plurality of array elements which are used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by an aircraft in space and converting the electromagnetic waves into a plurality of independent radio frequency signals;
the radio frequency receiving assembly is connected with the antenna array surface and is used for receiving the multiple paths of independent radio frequency signals, amplifying, dividing and shifting the power of each received radio frequency signal to form array element level beam signals, adding the array element level beam signals by taking a plurality of subarrays as units to obtain a plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals, and transmitting the subarray level radio frequency beam signals to the light-operated beam forming network;
the light-operated beam forming network is used for carrying out electro-optic transformation on the plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals, carrying out delay phase shift sum, signal distribution and superposition on the plurality of subarray level radio frequency beam signals in an optical domain to form a plurality of optical domain beam signals, and transmitting the plurality of optical domain beam signals to the comprehensive signal processing module;
the integrated signal processing module is interconnected with the light-operated beam forming network and is used for forming a plurality of corresponding target radio frequency beam signals after photoelectric conversion of the received light domain beam signals, carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the target radio frequency beam signals to obtain digital beam signals, carrying out demodulation processing on the digital beam signals to finally obtain a plurality of high-speed data transmission data, and sending the data transmission data to the monitoring subsystem.
2. The optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of claim 1, further comprising:
the beam control module is used for calculating angle information of the aircraft, and sending a control command to the radio frequency receiving assembly and the light-operated beam forming network, wherein the control command comprises a plurality of beam pointing information formed simultaneously, so that a formed subarray level beam signal and a formed light beam signal point to the angle of the aircraft in real time;
the monitoring subsystem is interconnected with the radio frequency receiving assembly, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module through the gigabit network interface, is used for collecting monitoring information of equipment and is responsible for storing a plurality of high-speed data transmitted by the comprehensive signal processing module.
3. The optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of claim 2, wherein,
the monitoring subsystem consists of a monitoring computer and recording equipment; the monitoring computer is used for completing unified real-time monitoring and control of the radio frequency receiving assembly, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module; the recording equipment is used for completing the tasks of storing and replaying a plurality of high-speed data, and simultaneously supporting the management and maintenance of stored data;
the recording device comprises a field programmable gate array FPGA, a NAND FLASH solid-state storage array and a multi-port storage control unit, wherein the field programmable gate array FPGA is used for receiving a plurality of high-speed data from the comprehensive signal processing module, realizing ECC encoding and decoding, an equalization algorithm and a bad block removing function through the data preprocessing unit, storing the plurality of high-speed data into the NAND FLASH solid-state storage array under the control of the multi-port storage control unit, and completing the recording operation of the plurality of high-speed data.
4. The optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of claim 1, wherein,
the antenna array surface is composed of a plurality of triangular subarrays, each triangular subarray is composed of a plurality of antenna array elements, and each antenna array element covers a receiving frequency and is used for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated by a space and converting the electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electric signals;
the triangular subarrays are connected with the radio frequency receiving assembly through an SMA blind insertion connector to form an integrated public subarray front end unit, and an extensible full-airspace evolution conformal phased array can be constructed through extension and splicing.
5. The optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of claim 1, wherein,
the radio frequency receiving assembly adopts a chip and MMCM integrated route, and is divided into three unit circuit cascading, wherein the top layer is low-noise amplification, the middle layer is a multi-beam forming network, and the bottom layer is a wave control unit;
the radio frequency receiving assembly is in blind insertion interconnection with the antenna array surface through an SMA connector and is used for preprocessing signals received by each antenna array element and sending a plurality of sub-array microwave signals formed after preprocessing into an optical wave beam forming network; the preprocessing comprises low noise amplification, phase shifting and combining.
6. The optoelectric hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving device of claim 1, wherein,
the light-operated beam forming network is used for completing delay phase shift and signal distribution/superposition of microwave signals in an optical domain by the light delay phase shift beam forming network after the subarray level radio frequency beam signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion, so that a plurality of optical domain beam signals are formed, and space beam scanning is realized.
7. An optoelectronic hybrid multi-beam high-speed data receiving method, comprising:
s1: the target aircraft transmits downlink radio frequency signals;
s2: the antenna array surface and the radio frequency receiving assembly receive a downlink radio frequency signal of the target aircraft, amplify and phase shift the downlink radio frequency signal, and then send a subarray level radio frequency beam signal to the light-operated beam forming network;
s3: the light-operated beam forming network receives subarray level radio frequency beam signals to process and complete light domain beam forming, generates target radio frequency beam signals after photoelectric conversion of a plurality of light domain beam signals, and sends the target radio frequency beam signals into the comprehensive signal processing module to demodulate;
s4: the comprehensive signal processing module receives a target radio frequency beam signal sent by the light-operated beam forming network, performs analog-to-digital conversion to form a digital beam signal, processes the digital beam signal to generate an information stream, and sends the information stream and the light domain beam signal to recording equipment in the monitoring subsystem for recording; detecting and counting the success rate information of high-speed data reception, and reporting to a monitoring subsystem;
s5: the monitoring subsystem receives the high-speed data receiving success rate information sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, displays and detects the equipment states of the radio frequency receiving component, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module, and diagnoses the data receiving health state and the task executing state by combining the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein S4 comprises:
the comprehensive signal processing module receives a target radio frequency beam signal sent by the light-operated beam forming network, performs analog-to-digital conversion to form a digital beam signal, and performs demodulation processing on the digital beam signal to generate an information stream; the demodulation processing comprises two sequential steps of a receiving demodulation step and a data processing step, wherein the receiving demodulation step recovers the baseband data by digital down-conversion, symbol synchronization, carrier synchronization and channel equalization processing of the input digital beam signal, and the data processing step recovers the transmitted information stream by decoding, descrambling and frame synchronization processing of the demodulated baseband data; the information flow and the optical domain beam signals are sent to recording equipment in the monitoring subsystem for recording; the monitoring subsystem counts the success rate information of high-speed data reception by comparing and detecting the consistency of the transmitted and received information streams, and reports the success rate information to the monitoring subsystem.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein S5 comprises:
the monitoring subsystem receives the high-speed data receiving success rate information sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, displays and detects the equipment states of the radio frequency receiving component, the light-operated beam forming network, the beam control module and the comprehensive signal processing module, wherein the equipment state parameters comprise current, voltage, temperature and function abnormality indication information, and the high-speed data receiving is stopped if the error rate of the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module is greater than 1E-9 in combination with the high-speed data statistics result sent by the comprehensive signal processing module, whether the parameters in the equipment state parameters are abnormal or not is inquired, the data receiving health state and the task executing state are diagnosed, and if the error rate of the high-speed data statistics result is less than 1E-9, the task is continued to normally execute.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein each independent optical beam forming network is capable of receiving 16 sub-array level radio frequency beam signals; the optical wave beam forming network receives 6 groups of 96 subarray level radio frequency wave beam signals; feeding the subarray level radio frequency beam signals to an electro-optical modulator, and modulating the corresponding 6 subarray level radio frequency beam signals in different optical wavelengths by each independent optical beam forming network to obtain 16 subarray level primary optical beam signals; the 16 independent optical wave beam forming networks respectively carry out multi-byte delay adjustment and amplitude weighting control on each sub-array level primary optical wave beam signal through an optical waveguide and an optical power regulator to obtain sub-array level delay optical wave beam signals, then the 6 independent optical wave beam forming networks add sub-array level Shi Yanguang wave beam signals with the same number M value in each sub-array level Shi Yanguang wave beam signal in the 6 sub-arrays through 16 optical power combiners to form 16 optical domain wave beam signals, and each optical domain wave beam signal simultaneously corresponds to radio frequency signals of all sub-arrays of 16 optical wavelengths, namely, independent combination of 16 wave beams is realized.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117240363A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-15 | 湖南省康普通信技术有限责任公司 | Signal transmission method based on optical module and optical module transmission system |
| CN117276899A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-22 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Phased array antenna and radio communication device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117240363A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2023-12-15 | 湖南省康普通信技术有限责任公司 | Signal transmission method based on optical module and optical module transmission system |
| CN117240363B (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-01-30 | 湖南省康普通信技术有限责任公司 | Signal transmission method based on optical module and optical module transmission system |
| CN117276899A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2023-12-22 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Phased array antenna and radio communication device |
| CN117276899B (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-23 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Phased array antenna and radio communication device |
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