CN114039218A - Multi-rail integrated satellite-borne phased array system based on four-channel four-beam T/R chip - Google Patents
Multi-rail integrated satellite-borne phased array system based on four-channel four-beam T/R chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039218A CN114039218A CN202111582417.XA CN202111582417A CN114039218A CN 114039218 A CN114039218 A CN 114039218A CN 202111582417 A CN202111582417 A CN 202111582417A CN 114039218 A CN114039218 A CN 114039218A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on a four-channel four-beam T/R chip, which is assembled into a whole phased array by a plurality of sub-array units, wherein the sub-array units comprise: the power supply module adopts a distributed power supply mode to supply power for the T/R component chip and the beam control module, the beam control module is communicated with an external area control unit ACU to complete beam characteristic control and circuit management control of a array surface, and the T/R component chip is used for receiving and synthesizing space radio-frequency signals and feeding and transmitting and carrying out dual-beam tracking and fast switching aiming at a low-orbit satellite. The invention solves the problems that the existing satellite-borne phased array antenna has large volume and weight, high system complexity, and can not realize high-low rail simultaneous pointing coverage, and the requirement on the switching period of wave beams is short.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a multi-rail integrated satellite-borne phased array system based on a four-channel four-beam T/R chip.
Background
With the development of satellite mobile communication technology, the demands of miniaturization, high gain, light weight, low profile and the like of a communication terminal antenna are increasingly urgent, and a mobile carrier and a satellite are in real-time communication in the fields of national defense, emergency disaster relief, remote area communication, emergency scene command and the like, so that the mobile carrier and the satellite have become one of important demands for military and civil use. The phased array antenna has a powerful electronic beam forming function, can realize communication with a high-orbit satellite, and meets the requirement of rapidly switching satellite beams of a low-orbit satellite internet. The characteristics of flexible working mode, low profile and no inertial beam scanning make the phased array antenna become the mainstream of the current communication terminal antenna. However, the volume and weight of a large-scale multi-channel phased array are huge, the system complexity is high, and the miniaturization design of a satellite communication terminal cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on a four-channel four-beam T/R chip, which aims to solve the problems that the existing satellite-borne phased array antenna is large in volume and weight, high in system complexity, incapable of realizing high-low rail simultaneous pointing coverage and short in beam switching period requirement.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on a four-channel four-beam T/R chip, which is assembled into a whole phased array by a plurality of sub-array units, wherein the sub-array units comprise: the power supply module adopts a distributed power supply mode to supply power for the T/R component chip and the beam control module, the beam control module is communicated with an external area control unit ACU to complete beam characteristic control and circuit management control of a array surface, and the T/R component chip is used for receiving and synthesizing space radio-frequency signals and feeding and transmitting and carrying out dual-beam tracking and fast switching aiming at a low-orbit satellite.
Further, the T/R component chip includes: the device comprises a T chip and an R chip, wherein the T chip completes channel distribution and power amplification of signals, and the R chip completes low-noise amplification and power synthesis of the signals.
Furthermore, the T/R component chip is an SOC chip integrating four-channel radio frequency input and four distributed beam controllers, and is provided with an SPI control bus, amplitude and phase control of beams is realized by a standard protocol frame, and quick fixed pointing of the four beams is completed according to parameter information given by a beam control module.
Further, the T/R chip is a four-channel four-beam microwave receiver, the radio frequency signal is fed into the receiving chip through 4 channels, and through the cascaded low noise amplifiers, at the end of each channel, there is a power divider that divides the signal into 4 paths, and each path includes a vector modulator to perform amplitude and phase control on each path according to the beam pointing information.
Furthermore, the spatial radio frequency signal is fed into a four-channel four-beam R chip through a microstrip antenna, and the R chip is subjected to low-noise amplification and phase-shifting amplitude modulation and then transmitted to a subarray power synthesis network.
Furthermore, the R chip outputs 4 beam signals according to the input 4 RF signals, each beam incorporates RF signals whose phases and amplitudes are respectively controlled, and the signals are respectively output to the secondary subarray synthesis network through the common port after the successful synthesis of the subarray synthesis network.
Further, the secondary subarray synthesis network receives the 4-beam RF signals output by the subarray power synthesis network, and outputs the 4-beam RF signals after performing secondary power synthesis with the subarray output RF signals corresponding to the beams.
Furthermore, the external area control unit ACU calculates the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the phased array terminal relative to the satellite according to the positioning time service module and the attitude sensor and by combining satellite constellation orbit data.
Further, the external area control unit ACU sends the azimuth angle and the pitch angle parameters to each subarray unit through a CAN bus, and the subarray units complete the beam pointing configuration of each beam of each channel of each R chip by combining the array element coordinates of the subarray units.
Further, the dual-beam tracking and fast switching process is as follows:
power-on initialization: according to self-position and ephemeris resolving, selecting an optimal satellite beam S1 for program tracking according to the longest visible time criterion, and selecting a second best satellite beam S2 for program tracking so as to facilitate synchronous searching;
tracking optimization: when the satellite beam S1 is in the off-axis angle range of the terminal, the satellite beam is not required to be switched, automatic tracking is carried out according to the received signal field strength AGC1 provided by the baseband processing unit, and similarly, the optimal beam pointing angle is automatically tracked through the received signal field strength gradient AGC2 of the satellite beam S2;
beam switching: when satellite beam S1 moves out of the terminal off-axis angular range, a satellite beam switch occurs, i.e., a switch to the current best satellite beam S2 with the best beam pointing angle corrected by auto-tracking, without having to go through the process of program-tracking-to-auto-tracking optimization again. Meanwhile, selecting a current next good satellite beam S3 for program tracking so as to facilitate synchronous search;
during communication: and continuously cycling tracking optimization-beam switching until the communication is finished, and disconnecting beam tracking.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system for a four-channel four-beam T/R chip, which is a high-low rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array antenna realized by utilizing the design of a four-channel four-beam T/R component chip, has modular and standardized design, and reduces the volume weight and the system complexity of a terminal equipment antenna. Hardware simulation multi-beam independent control and software dual-beam tracking switching algorithm are combined, two beams can simultaneously follow a low orbit, or one beam can follow a high orbit and one beam can follow the low orbit, the requirement of short switching period of high and low orbit satellite beams is met, and rapid switching is carried out. The whole satellite-borne phased array antenna is designed, and the low-cost phased array antenna design with small volume, light weight, large gain, wide scanning range and high precision of the terminal equipment is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a functional system of a phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a phased array receiving channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the T/R chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dual-beam tracking and switching principle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a multi-rail-in-one satellite phased array system based on a four-channel four-beam T/R chip, the system is assembled into a whole phased array by a plurality of sub-array units, and the sub-array units include: the power supply module adopts a distributed power supply mode to supply power for the T/R component chip and the beam control module, the beam control module is communicated with an external area control unit ACU to complete beam characteristic control and circuit management control of a array surface, and the T/R component chip is used for receiving and synthesizing space radio-frequency signals and feeding and transmitting and carrying out dual-beam tracking and fast switching aiming at a low-orbit satellite.
According to theoretical calculation and simulation verification, 2048 receiving channels and 2048 transmitting channels are selected for the whole phased array antenna to meet the G/T value and the EIRP value when high and low rails are simultaneously pointed and covered. The whole phased array adopts a design method of flexibly splicing a large array by separating sub-arrays and a channel combination mode of 16 x 16 sub-array units to realize the modular and standardized design of the sub-arrays. 256-channel receiving and transmitting are realized by the whole sub-array, and the whole receiving or transmitting large array can be assembled by only 8 sub-arrays, so that the system complexity is greatly reduced.
The T/R component chip is an SOC chip integrating four-channel radio frequency input and four distributed beam controllers, is provided with an SPI control bus, realizes amplitude and phase control of beams by a standard protocol frame, and completes the quick fixed pointing of the four beams according to parameter information given by a beam control module. Referring to fig. 3, the T/R chip is a four-channel four-beam microwave receiver, the rf signal is fed into the receiving chip through 4 channels, and passes through the cascaded low noise amplifiers, at the end of each channel, there is a power divider to divide the signal into 4 paths, and each path includes a vector modulator to perform amplitude and phase control on each path according to the beam direction information. The whole phased array is highly integrated, and the size of the phased array can completely meet the use requirement of ground terminal equipment. An SPI control bus is integrated in the chip, and the external can access an internal register through a standard protocol frame to complete the updating control and the state read-back of the amplitude and the phase of each channel. Compared with the traditional T/R component which performs amplitude and phase parameter configuration in a parallel connection mode, the chip supports a serial connection mode, simplifies a circuit on the aspect of hardware design, and reduces the complexity of the whole subarray control system. The T/R component chip includes: the device comprises a T chip and an R chip, wherein the T chip completes channel distribution and power amplification of signals, and the R chip completes low-noise amplification and power synthesis of the signals.
Taking a receiving array face as an example, 4 paths of radio frequency signals are input, 16 paths of signals are divided into 16 paths of signals through a power divider inside a chip to complete independent forming of 4 beams, and four-beam output ports are provided with distributed beam controllers, so that the directions of the 4 beams can be controlled in a strategy mode respectively through the design of receiving channels, and the number of the channels cannot be increased additionally.
The whole chip is externally controlled through an SPI bus, chip input signals comprise clocks, data and latching signals, amplitude phase parameters are transmitted to each channel amplitude phase controller according to standard protocol frame formats according to externally resolved beam pointing parameters, and the amplitude and the phase are respectively and independently controlled.
Referring to fig. 2, the specific process flow of receiving the spatial radiation signal and processing the control signal is as follows: space radio-frequency signals are fed into a four-channel four-beam R chip through a microstrip antenna, and the R chip is subjected to low-noise amplification and phase-shifting amplitude modulation and then transmitted to a subarray power synthesis network;
the R chip outputs 4 wave beam signals according to the input 4 paths of RF signals, each wave beam fuses RF signals respectively controlled by phase and amplitude, and after the success synthesis of the subarray synthesis network is completed, the signals are respectively output to a secondary subarray synthesis network through a common port;
the secondary subarray synthesis network receives the 4-beam RF signals output by the subarray power synthesis network, and outputs the 4-beam RF signals after secondary power synthesis with the subarray output RF signals of corresponding beams;
the method comprises the following steps that an external area control unit ACU calculates an azimuth angle and a pitch angle of a phased array terminal relative to a satellite according to a positioning time service module and an attitude sensor and by combining satellite constellation orbit data;
and the external area control unit ACU sends the azimuth angle and the pitch angle parameters to each subarray unit through a CAN bus, and the subarray units complete the beam pointing configuration of each beam of each channel of each R chip by combining the array element coordinates of the subarray units.
In order to solve the problems of high moving speed and short wave beam switching period of the low orbit satellite, the software design of the invention adopts a dual-wave beam tracking and switching algorithm, and the schematic diagram of the algorithm principle is shown in figure 4. The flow of dual beam tracking and switching is as follows:
power-on initialization: according to self-position and ephemeris resolving, selecting an optimal satellite beam S1 for program tracking according to the longest visible time criterion, and selecting a second best satellite beam S2 for program tracking so as to facilitate synchronous searching;
tracking optimization: when the satellite beam S1 is in the off-axis angle range of the terminal, the satellite beam is not required to be switched, automatic tracking is carried out according to the received signal field strength AGC1 provided by the baseband processing unit, and similarly, the optimal beam pointing angle is automatically tracked through the received signal field strength gradient AGC2 of the satellite beam S2;
beam switching: when satellite beam S1 moves out of the terminal off-axis angular range, a satellite beam switch occurs, i.e., a switch to the current best satellite beam S2 with the best beam pointing angle corrected by auto-tracking, without having to go through the process of program-tracking-to-auto-tracking optimization again. Meanwhile, selecting a current next good satellite beam S3 for program tracking so as to facilitate synchronous search;
during communication: and continuously cycling tracking optimization-beam switching until the communication is finished, and disconnecting beam tracking.
The problems of high moving speed and short beam switching period of the low-orbit satellite are solved while the high-low orbit simultaneous pointing coverage can be realized by simulating the multi-beam mode.
The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system of the four-channel four-beam T/R chip disclosed by the embodiment utilizes a high-low rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array antenna which is realized by the design of the four-channel four-beam T/R component chip, and is modularized and standardized in design, so that the volume weight and the system complexity of the terminal equipment antenna are reduced. The combination of hardware simulation multi-beam independent control and a software dual-beam tracking switching algorithm meets the requirement of short switching period of low-orbit satellite beams, and fast switching is carried out. The whole satellite communication phased array antenna is designed and realized, and the low-cost phased array antenna design with small volume, light weight, large realization gain, wide scanning range and high precision of terminal equipment is realized
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a many rails unification satellite navigation phased array system based on four wave beam T/R chips of four-channel, its characterized in that, the system is assembled into whole phased array through a plurality of subarray units, the subarray unit includes: the power supply module adopts a distributed power supply mode to supply power for the T/R component chip and the beam control module, the beam control module is communicated with an external area control unit ACU to complete beam characteristic control and circuit management control of a array surface, and the T/R component chip is used for receiving and synthesizing space radio-frequency signals and feeding and transmitting and carrying out dual-beam tracking and fast switching aiming at a low-orbit satellite.
2. The multi-rail-in-one satellite phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the T/R component chip comprises: the device comprises a T chip and an R chip, wherein the T chip completes channel distribution and power amplification of signals, and the R chip completes low-noise amplification and power synthesis of the signals.
3. The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on the four-channel and four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the T/R component chip is an SOC chip integrating four-channel radio frequency input and four distributed beam controllers, and is provided with an SPI control bus, so as to realize amplitude and phase control of the beams by a standard protocol frame, and complete fast fixed pointing of the four beams according to parameter information given by the beam control module.
4. The multi-in-one satellite phased array system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the T/R chip is a four-channel four-beam microwave receiver, the rf signal is fed to the receiving chip via 4 channels, and passes through cascaded low noise amplifiers, and at the end of each channel, there is a power divider to divide the signal into 4 paths, and each path includes a vector modulator to perform amplitude and phase control on each path according to the beam pointing information.
5. The multi-rail-in-one satellite phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spatial radio frequency signal is fed into the four-channel four-beam R chip through the microstrip antenna, and the R chip is subjected to low noise amplification and phase and amplitude shift and then transmitted to the subarray power synthesis network.
6. The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 5, wherein the R chip outputs 4 beam signals according to the input 4 paths of RF signals, each beam is fused with RF signals respectively controlled in phase and amplitude, and after the success synthesis of the subarray synthesis network is completed, the signals are respectively output to the secondary subarray synthesis network through a common port.
7. The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the secondary sub-array synthesis network receives the 4-beam RF signals outputted by the sub-array power synthesis network, and outputs the 4-beam RF signals after performing secondary power synthesis with the sub-array output RF signals of the corresponding beams.
8. The multi-orbit-in-one satellite phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external area control unit ACU calculates the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the phased array terminal relative to the satellite according to the positioning time service module and the attitude sensor and by combining satellite constellation orbit data.
9. The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 8, wherein the external area control unit ACU sends the azimuth angle and the pitch angle parameters to each subarray unit through a CAN bus, and the subarray unit completes the beam pointing configuration of each beam of each channel of each R chip by combining with the array element coordinates of the subarray unit.
10. The multi-rail-in-one satellite-borne phased array system based on the four-channel four-beam T/R chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dual-beam tracking and fast switching process is as follows:
power-on initialization: according to self-position and ephemeris resolving, selecting an optimal satellite beam S1 for program tracking according to the longest visible time criterion, and selecting a second best satellite beam S2 for program tracking so as to facilitate synchronous searching;
tracking optimization: when the satellite beam S1 is in the off-axis angle range of the terminal, the satellite beam is not required to be switched, automatic tracking is carried out according to the received signal field strength AGC1 provided by the baseband processing unit, and similarly, the optimal beam pointing angle is automatically tracked through the received signal field strength gradient AGC2 of the satellite beam S2;
beam switching: when the satellite beam S1 moves out of the terminal off-axis angle range, satellite beam switching occurs, namely, the satellite beam is switched to the optimal beam pointing angle of the current optimal satellite beam S2 after automatic tracking correction without the optimization process from program tracking to automatic tracking, and meanwhile, the current next best satellite beam S3 is selected for program tracking so as to be synchronously searched;
during communication: and continuously cycling tracking optimization-beam switching until the communication is finished, and disconnecting beam tracking.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115441924A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | High-speed data transmission system applied to inertial directional small satellite |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115441924A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院 | High-speed data transmission system applied to inertial directional small satellite |
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