CN112636007A - Anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR - Google Patents
Anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, and discloses an anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR (signal to interference noise ratio), which mainly comprises: the antenna comprises an antenna unit, a transmitting and receiving power division network layer, a sub-array unit, a digital beam forming device, a satellite communication terminal module and an anti-interference processing module. The invention utilizes miniaturized radio frequency devices, antennas and control units, replaces mechanical tracking with electronic beam tracking, reduces the volume and weight of equipment, does not need an expensive inertial navigation system, has high searching speed and acceleration, short initial target capturing and recapturing time, is not easy to lose targets, has good shock-resistant vibration performance, can realize dynamic distributed resource scheduling, maximizes network capacity, realizes the expandability and flexibility of a network structure, and is popularized to larger deployment areas and deployments with different link densities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to an anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR.
Background
The traditional mobile satellite communication antenna adopts a two-dimensional mechanical tracking mode, and has the defects of large volume, heavy weight and inconvenient installation; under the condition of mobile communication use, the tracking speed is slow, and the tracking performance is difficult to ensure; the applied reflecting surface antenna has large volume, large corresponding mechanical inertia, poor impact resistance and vibration resistance, slow speed response and is not suitable for being used in poor road conditions and high-speed off-road. To overcome the carrier's roll and turn, the equipment requires an expensive inertial navigation system.
In addition, link scheduling in an antenna-oriented transmission network is based on a protocol interference model, that is, if a node is transmitting data, neighbor nodes in the beam coverage area cannot simultaneously transmit and receive other data, however, the protocol interference model is a simplification of the actual environment, cannot accurately describe interference situations, and in actual communication, interference constraints between concurrent transmissions are not local and paired, but global and additive. Therefore, the protocol interference model is not highly practical in directional link scheduling.
Therefore, an efficient distributed method needs to be designed to solve the problem of link scheduling, and meanwhile, the problems of large size, heavy weight and the like of the traditional satellite communication antenna are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR, which mainly includes: the system comprises an antenna unit, a transmitting and receiving power division network layer, a sub-array unit, a digital beam forming device, a satellite communication terminal module and an anti-interference processing module;
the anti-interference processing module measures the link interference strength in the network by adopting a link scheduling algorithm based on an SINR interference model, and performs efficient link resource distributed scheduling by combining the measurement result, so that the network capacity is maximized;
the antenna units are low-profile patch antenna units, and the patch antenna units form an array according to a set arrangement mode and are arranged on the upper surface of the antenna array framework layer;
the receiving and transmitting power division network layer comprises an upper receiving power division network array surface and a lower transmitting power division network array surface, wherein the receiving power division network array surface comprises a plurality of receiving subarray modules and a receiving array surface comprehensive routing layer;
the subarray unit is used for amplifying, phase-shifting, filtering, frequency-down converting and electro-optical converting signals received by the antenna unit and outputting optical signals; performing photoelectric conversion, up-conversion, filtering, phase shifting and amplification on an optical signal output by the digital beam forming device, and then outputting the optical signal to an antenna unit;
the digital beam forming device is used for performing photoelectric conversion and multi-beam forming on an optical signal output by the analog subarray, generating a transmitting multi-beam for a modulation signal output by the satellite communication terminal module and performing electro-optical conversion;
the satellite communication terminal module is used for demodulating the received multi-beam output by the digital beam forming device, outputting a modulation signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the digital beam forming device, and outputting a signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the receiving power division network array surface.
Further, the analog sub-array unit includes:
the active amplifying device is used for further amplifying the radio frequency signal output by the subarray, further pushing the excitation signal output by the frequency conversion device and further improving the level value excited by the emission signal;
the frequency conversion device is used for carrying out down-conversion on the received signals output by the receiving power division network array surface, converting the received signals into required intermediate-frequency signals, and carrying out up-conversion on the transmitting signals of the transmitting power division network array surface to form signals matched with satellite signals;
the digital-to-electric conversion device ADC is used for converting the receiving down-conversion signal output by the array antenna into a digital signal and converting the transmitting digital electric signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into an analog electric signal in a transmitting link;
the electro-optical/photoelectric conversion device is used for receiving the digital signal change of the link into an optical signal; the optical signal of the transmission link is converted into a digital signal.
The antenna designed by the invention also comprises a power supply layer which is used for controlling the power supply trend of each link circuit of the whole antenna and the control and timing functions of a digital logic device used in the array surface;
the power supply device comprises a micro processing unit MCU, a field programmable logic array FPGA, a digital signal processing DSP, a fast erasable read-write chip and a power supply conversion chip; the DSP is used for rapidly processing multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface and simultaneously realizing a plurality of wave beams; the FPGA is used for realizing multi-beam programming of multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface.
The transmitting power division network array surface comprises a plurality of transmitting sub-array modules and a transmitting array surface comprehensive routing layer; each receiving subarray module and each transmitting subarray module are connected with a plurality of dual-polarized antenna units.
Furthermore, the transmitting subarray module comprises a plurality of transmitting broadband dual-polarized radio frequency channels, wave control comprehensive wiring in the transmitting subarray and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency wiring in the transmitting subarray; the receiving subarray module comprises a plurality of receiving broadband dual-polarization radio frequency channels, wave control comprehensive wiring in the receiving subarray and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency wiring in the receiving subarray.
The link scheduling based on the SINR interference model specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, designing a convolution kernel by combining a path loss model of communication, and performing convolution on a node density matrix to measure the strength of an interference link;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to avoid expensive calculation cost generated by channel estimation of all interference channels and improve the adaptability of the network, firstly, a convolution kernel consisting of grids is generated according to a path loss model and is used for measuring the channel gain of a link; setting the path loss:
wherein, PtRepresents a transmission power; prRepresents the received power; d represents the distance between the transmitting node and the receiving node;
represents a path loss factor;
then, the convolution kernel is split into 8 convolution kernels in different beam directions by a directional transmission model, and the convolution kernels are used for counting directional interference in a link sensing range; then, uniformly dividing a communication grid, counting the number of receiver nodes and the number of transmitting nodes of an activated link in the communication grid, and generating a receiving node density matrix and a transmitting node density matrix; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
taking environmental information in the sensing range of a transmitting node and a receiving node of the training link i for training, wherein the size of a convolution kernel represents the sensing range of the nodes; assuming that the convolution kernel size is N × N grids, the transmitter density matrix T of i is generated by taking the density of the active transmitting nodes in the N × N grids around the grid where the receiver of the link i is positioned as the centeri(ii) a Taking the grid where the transmitter of the link is positioned as the center, and taking the activated receiving node density in N × N grids around the grid to generate a receiver density matrix R of ii。
Step 2, designing a link scheduling learning model interacting with a communication environment based on reinforcement learning, wherein each link utilizes a neural network to perform independent training, a decision result obtained by training is fed back to the environment to perform state updating, and the model iterates in the continuously updated environment to learn an optimal scheduling strategy; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to perform distributed optimization and ensure the adaptability of the model to different network scales, independent network training is performed on all links in the network in parallel; each link decision result is fed back to the link of the link, the network environment is updated, and the next iteration of the link is carried out; the network learns the optimal strategy of link scheduling in the continuous iteration process; when the iteration times are finished or the optimization is finished, the network capacity R can be obtained according to the scheduling output of all links, and the expression is as follows:
where R represents network capacity, i represents link, N represents division of convolution kernel into N grids, XiIndicating the activation state of link i, RiThe density matrix of link i is represented.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes miniaturized radio frequency devices, antennas and control units, replaces mechanical tracking with electronic beam tracking, reduces the volume and weight of equipment, does not need expensive inertial navigation systems, has high searching speed and acceleration, short initial target capturing and recapturing time, is not easy to lose targets and has good shock and vibration resistance. The method does not need to change the back-end equipment, is completely compatible with standard satellite terminal equipment, and is very suitable for being used in high-speed mobile carriers (such as vehicles, ships, aircrafts and the like). In addition, the invention can carry out dynamic distributed resource scheduling, and each node can independently carry out the intelligent decision of self link scheduling through the communication environment in the sensing range, thereby maximizing the network capacity, having expandability and flexibility for the network structure and being capable of being popularized to larger deployment areas and deployments with different link densities.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a satellite communications phased array antenna according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication phased array antenna, which mainly includes an antenna unit, a transmit-receive power division network layer, a sub-array unit, a digital beam forming device, a satellite communication terminal module, and an anti-interference processing module;
the anti-interference processing module measures the link interference strength in the network by adopting a link scheduling algorithm based on an SINR interference model, and performs efficient link resource distributed scheduling by combining the measurement result, so that the network capacity is maximized;
the antenna units are low-profile patch antenna units, and the patch antenna units form an array according to a set arrangement mode and are arranged on the upper surface of the antenna array framework layer;
the receiving and transmitting power division network layer comprises an upper receiving power division network array surface and a lower transmitting power division network array surface, wherein the receiving power division network array surface comprises a plurality of receiving sub-array modules and a receiving array surface comprehensive routing layer;
the subarray unit is used for amplifying, phase shifting, filtering, down-converting and electro-optical converting signals received by the antenna unit and outputting optical signals; performing photoelectric conversion, up-conversion, filtering, phase shifting and amplification on an optical signal output by the digital beam forming device, and then outputting the optical signal to an antenna unit;
the digital beam forming device is used for performing photoelectric conversion and multi-beam forming on optical signals output by the analog subarray, generating and transmitting multi-beams for modulation signals output by the satellite communication terminal module and performing electro-optical conversion;
and the satellite communication terminal module is used for demodulating the received multi-beam output by the digital beam forming device, outputting a modulation signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the digital beam forming device and outputting a signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the receiving power division network array surface.
A subarray unit comprising: the device comprises an active amplifying device, a frequency conversion device, a digital-to-electric conversion device ADC and an electro-optic/photoelectric conversion device;
the active amplifying device is used for further amplifying the radio frequency signal output by the subarray, further pushing the excitation signal output by the frequency conversion device and further improving the level value excited by the emission signal;
the frequency conversion device is used for carrying out down-conversion on the received signals output by the receiving power division network array surface, converting the received signals into required intermediate-frequency signals, and carrying out up-conversion on the transmitting signals of the transmitting power division network array surface to form signals matched with satellite signals;
the digital-to-electric conversion device ADC is used for converting the receiving down-conversion signal output by the array antenna into a digital signal and converting the transmitting digital electric signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into an analog electric signal in a transmitting link;
the electro-optical/photoelectric conversion device is used for receiving the digital signal change of the link into an optical signal; the optical signal of the transmission link is converted into a digital signal.
A satellite communication phased array antenna also comprises a power supply layer, a phase control layer and a phase control layer, wherein the power supply layer is used for controlling the power supply trend of each link circuit of the whole antenna and the control and timing functions of a digital logic device used in a front surface;
the power supply device comprises a micro processing unit MCU, a field programmable logic array FPGA, a digital signal processing DSP, a fast erasable read-write chip and a power supply conversion chip;
the DSP is used for quickly processing multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface and simultaneously realizing a plurality of wave beams;
and the FPGA is used for realizing multi-beam programming of the multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface.
The transmitting power division network array surface comprises a plurality of transmitting subarray modules and a transmitting array surface comprehensive routing layer; each receiving subarray module and each transmitting subarray module are connected with a plurality of dual-polarized antenna units;
the transmitting sub-array module comprises a plurality of transmitting broadband dual-polarized radio frequency channels, wave control comprehensive wiring in the transmitting sub-array and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency wiring in the transmitting sub-array; the receiving subarray module comprises a plurality of receiving broadband dual-polarization radio frequency channels, wave control comprehensive wiring in the receiving subarray and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency wiring in the receiving subarray.
The link scheduling based on the SINR interference model comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a convolution kernel by combining a path loss model of communication, and performing convolution on a node density matrix to measure the strength of an interference link; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to avoid expensive calculation cost generated by channel estimation of all interference channels and improve the adaptability of the network, firstly, a convolution kernel consisting of grids is generated according to a path loss model and is used for measuring the channel gain of a link; setting the path loss:
wherein, PtRepresents a transmission power; prRepresents the received power; d represents the distance between the transmitting node and the receiving nodeSeparating;
represents a path loss factor;
then, the convolution kernel is split into 8 convolution kernels in different beam directions by a directional transmission model, and the convolution kernels are used for counting directional interference in a link sensing range; then, uniformly dividing a communication grid, counting the number of receiver nodes and the number of transmitting nodes of an activated link in the communication grid, and generating a receiving node density matrix and a transmitting node density matrix; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
taking environmental information in the sensing range of a transmitting node and a receiving node of the training link i for training, wherein the size of a convolution kernel represents the sensing range of the nodes; assuming that the convolution kernel size is N × N grids, the transmitter density matrix T of i is generated by taking the density of the active transmitting nodes in the N × N grids around the grid where the receiver of the link i is positioned as the centeri(ii) a Taking the grid where the transmitter of the link is positioned as the center, and taking the activated receiving node density in N × N grids around the grid to generate a receiver density matrix R of ii。
Step 2, designing a link scheduling learning model interacting with a communication environment based on reinforcement learning, wherein each link utilizes a neural network to perform independent training, a decision result obtained by training is fed back to the environment to perform state updating, and the model iterates in the continuously updated environment to learn an optimal scheduling strategy; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in order to perform distributed optimization and ensure the adaptability of the model to different network scales, independent network training is performed on all links in the network in parallel; each link decision result is fed back to the link of the link, the network environment is updated, and the next iteration of the link is carried out; the network learns the optimal strategy of link scheduling in the continuous iteration process; when the iteration times are finished or the optimization is finished, the network capacity R can be obtained according to the scheduling output of all links, and the expression is as follows:
where R represents network capacity, i represents link, N represents division of convolution kernel into N grids, XiIndicating the activation state of link i, RiThe density matrix of link i is represented.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna based on SINR, comprising: the system comprises an antenna unit, a transmitting and receiving power division network layer, a sub-array unit, a digital beam forming device, a satellite communication terminal module and an anti-interference processing module;
the anti-interference processing module measures the link interference strength in the network by adopting a link scheduling algorithm based on an SINR interference model, and performs efficient link resource distributed scheduling by combining the measurement result, so that the network capacity is maximized;
the antenna units are low-profile patch antenna units, and the patch antenna units form an array according to a set arrangement mode and are arranged on the upper surface of the antenna array framework layer;
the receiving and transmitting power division network layer comprises an upper receiving power division network array surface and a lower transmitting power division network array surface, and the receiving power division network array surface comprises a plurality of receiving sub-array modules and a receiving array surface comprehensive routing layer;
the subarray unit is used for amplifying, phase shifting, filtering, down-converting and electro-optical converting signals received by the antenna unit and outputting optical signals; performing photoelectric conversion, up-conversion, filtering, phase shifting and amplification on an optical signal output by the digital beam forming device, and then outputting the optical signal to an antenna unit;
the digital beam forming device is used for performing photoelectric conversion and multi-beam forming on optical signals output by the analog subarray, generating and transmitting multi-beams for modulation signals output by the satellite communication terminal module and performing electro-optical conversion;
the satellite communication terminal module is used for demodulating the received multi-beam output by the digital beam forming device, outputting a modulation signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the digital beam forming device, and outputting a signal generated by the satellite communication terminal module to the receiving power division network array surface.
2. The SINR-based anti-jamming satellite communication phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the analog sub-array unit comprises:
the active amplifying device is used for further amplifying the radio frequency signal output by the subarray, further pushing the excitation signal output by the frequency conversion device and further improving the level value excited by the emission signal;
the frequency conversion device is used for carrying out down-conversion on the received signals output by the receiving power division network array surface, converting the received signals into required intermediate-frequency signals, and carrying out up-conversion on the transmitting signals of the transmitting power division network array surface to form signals matched with satellite signals;
the digital-to-electric conversion device ADC is used for converting the receiving down-conversion signal output by the array antenna into a digital signal and converting the transmitting digital electric signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into an analog electric signal in a transmitting link;
the electro-optical/photoelectric conversion device is used for receiving the digital signal change of the link into an optical signal; the optical signal of the transmission link is converted into a digital signal.
3. The SINR-based anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a power plane for controlling the power supply trend of each link circuit of the entire antenna and the control and timing functions of digital logic devices used in the array plane;
the power supply device comprises a micro processing unit MCU, a field programmable logic array FPGA, a digital signal processing DSP, a fast erasable read-write chip and a power supply conversion chip; the DSP is used for rapidly processing multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface and simultaneously realizing a plurality of wave beams; the FPGA is used for realizing multi-beam programming of multi-channel signal data received or transmitted by the whole array surface.
4. The SINR-based anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the transmit power division network front comprises a plurality of transmit subarray modules and a transmit front comprehensive routing layer; each receiving subarray module and each transmitting subarray module are connected with a plurality of dual-polarized antenna units.
5. The SINR-based anti-interference satellite communication phased-array antenna according to claim 4, wherein the transmitting sub-array module comprises a plurality of transmitting broadband dual-polarized radio frequency channels, and wave control comprehensive routing lines in the transmitting sub-array and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency routing lines in the transmitting sub-array; the receiving subarray module comprises a plurality of receiving broadband dual-polarization radio frequency channels, wave control comprehensive wiring in the receiving subarray and Ku, Ka and K multi-band radio frequency wiring in the receiving subarray.
6. The SINR-based anti-interference satellite communication phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the link scheduling using the SINR-based interference model specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a convolution kernel by combining a path loss model of communication, and performing convolution on a node density matrix to measure the strength of an interference link;
and 2, designing a link scheduling learning model interacting with a communication environment based on reinforcement learning, wherein each link utilizes a neural network to perform independent training, a decision result obtained by training is fed back to the environment to perform state updating, and the model iterates in the continuously updated environment to learn an optimal scheduling strategy.
7. The SINR-based anti-jamming satellite communication phased array antenna according to claim 6, wherein step 1 specifically comprises:
in order to avoid expensive calculation cost generated by channel estimation of all interference channels and improve the adaptability of the network, firstly, a convolution kernel consisting of grids is generated according to a path loss model and is used for measuring the channel gain of a link; setting the path loss:
wherein, PtRepresents a transmission power; prRepresents the received power; d represents the distance between the transmitting node and the receiving node;
represents a path loss factor;
then, the convolution kernel is split into 8 convolution kernels in different beam directions by a directional transmission model, and the convolution kernels are used for counting directional interference in a link sensing range; then, uniformly dividing a communication grid, counting the number of receiver nodes and the number of transmitting nodes of an activated link in the communication grid, and generating a receiving node density matrix and a transmitting node density matrix; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
taking environmental information in the sensing range of a transmitting node and a receiving node of the training link i for training, wherein the size of a convolution kernel represents the sensing range of the nodes; assuming that the convolution kernel size is N × N grids, the transmitter density matrix T of i is generated by taking the density of the active transmitting nodes in the N × N grids around the grid where the receiver of the link i is positioned as the centeri(ii) a Taking the grid where the transmitter of the link is positioned as the center, and taking the activated receiving node density in N × N grids around the grid to generate a receiver density matrix R of ii。
8. The SINR-based anti-jamming satellite communication phased array antenna of claim 6, wherein step 2 specifically comprises the steps of:
in order to perform distributed optimization and ensure the adaptability of the model to different network scales, independent network training is performed on all links in the network in parallel; each link decision result is fed back to the link of the link, the network environment is updated, and the next iteration of the link is carried out; the network learns the optimal strategy of link scheduling in the continuous iteration process; when the iteration times are finished or the optimization is finished, the network capacity R can be obtained according to the scheduling output of all links, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, R represents the network capacity and the network capacity, i represents the link, N represents the convolution kernel divided into N grids, X represents the sum of the channel capacities of all concurrent links in the whole networkiIndicating the activation state of link i, RiThe density matrix of link i is represented.
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| CN114944884A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dynamic spectrum anti-interference system based on intelligent reflection surface |
| CN115061155A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-09-16 | 西北工业大学 | Anti-interference polarization sensitive array reconstruction method |
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