CN112311426B

CN112311426B - Two-dimensional simulation multi-beam receiving array system

Info

Publication number: CN112311426B
Application number: CN201910698836.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 穆丰浩; 徐立
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-31
Filing date: 2019-07-31
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-31
Also published as: CN112311426A

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system, which directly adopts analog two-dimensional multi-beam formation in a receiving array unit, and the generated multi-beams are used for simultaneously receiving a plurality of needed information sources from different directions, and the receiving optimization is realized by a digital signal processing method, and the interference sources from different directions are restrained. The multi-beam controller dynamically divides a plurality of main beams and a plurality of auxiliary beams, is used for helping to search and track the position change information of a needed information source and an interference source, and updates the position direction of the main beams in real time.

Description

Two-dimensional simulation multi-beam receiving array system

Technical Field

The invention relates to application of a two-dimensional simulation multi-beam receiving array system, such as a wireless communication technology, a mobile communication technology, a satellite communication technology and the like which utilize radio frequency, and can also be used for application occasions of a receiving system of a phased array radar and radar detection.

Radio frequencies herein include radio frequencies such as ultra-high frequency/microwave/millimeter wave/terahertz.

Background

The traditional analog radio frequency phased array can only form a single beam, so that the receiver of the analog radio frequency phased array has low speed in searching and scanning, low signal-to-noise ratio and short detection distance. The two-dimensional imaging is performed by using the analog radio frequency phased array single-beam technology, and the method has the defects of low sensitivity, single target, poor anti-interference capability and the like.

The digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver overcomes the limitation of an analog radio frequency phased array, can simultaneously generate two-dimensional beam signals, and is an ideal phased array receiving system in theory. However, the method can be practically implemented in a low-frequency narrow-band system, because in the case of a wide band, a high-speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) meeting the nyquist sampling theorem is required, and it is difficult to achieve small size and low power consumption.

At higher application frequencies, such as microwave and millimeter wave frequencies and even to terahertz frequencies, it is difficult to integrate all of the components from the rf device to the analog-to-digital converter to the digital interface circuit in a small area and space because the spacing of the antennas is approximately around half a wavelength. In addition, as no spatial filtering is performed before the ADC, a larger dynamic range and a larger number of quantization levels are needed in order not to be influenced by interference signals, so that the requirement on the design of the ADC is greatly improved. A larger dynamic range ADC and a larger number of quantization levels means a larger power consumption. The large power consumption brings about larger current pulse, and causes higher interference pulse voltage, so that the design of the ADC is more difficult.

The large power consumption of the digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver causes heat dissipation problems, and the device can be damaged when the device is overheated. The larger dynamic range and the larger number of quantization levels, while requiring more independent power supply networks, means more package pins, requires larger chip packages, and also creates a great challenge for system design and integration.

The most troublesome problem of digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receivers is the large number of digital transmission lines and the resultant electromagnetic interference problem. Each receive channel must have two ADCs, an array of M rows and N columns requiring 2MN ADCs and a high speed interface. When the number of cells of the array is large, these high-speed signal lines are difficult to connect directly to the central processing host, especially at millimeter waves or higher frequencies. This is because in phased array implementations, the distance between antennas is half a wavelength, and placing all components and high-speed digital wiring in this small area creates a significant challenge. The resulting electromagnetic interference noise, coupled into the antenna of the array, directly reduces the sensitivity of the array.

The method of the digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver is to form a plurality of beams pointing to users so that the transmitting/receiving signals of the antenna array in a specific direction are coherently overlapped, and the signals in other directions are mutually counteracted.

Another approach to digital multi-beam forming is the approach of Massive MIMO. Massive mimo can be seen as a form of beamforming in a broader sense. Massive refers to the number of antenna elements in the antenna array; m IMO refers to a multiple-input multiple-output system. Similar to the method of the digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver, each antenna in the Massive MIMO antenna array is connected with a receiving channel, the receiving channel provides a digital interface, namely, radio frequency signals received by the antennas are down-converted to baseband signals, then low-pass filtering is carried out, direct digitization is carried out through an ADC (analog-to-digital converter), and all phase-shifting amplitude modulation is carried out after the digitization. In a practical system, massive MIMO is performed by filtering the antennas and the user terminals, and the data transmitted in reverse direction by the surrounding environment. The signal may be reflected by buildings and other obstructions with associated delays, attenuations, and directions of arrival. There may not even be a direct path between the antenna and the user terminal. These are all directly solved by digitization, so that the subsequent calculation amount is extremely large.

Massive MIMO also has the disadvantages of digital multi-beam rf phased array receivers if it is a compact integrated approach of phased array type. If the Massive MIMO adopts a non-phased array distributed manner, a larger area or space is required, and the power consumption of the digital signal processing part required later increases suddenly with the increase of the number of array units, so that the realization of the system is more huge, and the cost is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to the above technical problems, and the present invention provides a two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, which includes a receiving array 201 of n rows and m columns of analog multi-beam receiving units 202 with antennas, a tree-shaped transmission network 203 of k columns orthogonal differential, an analog digital signal mixing processing unit 204, a digital signal processing unit 205, and a digital control signal interface 206; the analog-digital signal mixing processing unit 204 comprises K rows of positive differential low-pass filters and an analog-digital converter connected with the positive differential low-pass filters; the digital signal processing unit 205 includes a multi-beam controller 404, a multi-beam analysis unit 411, a multi-beam tracking and interference source cancellation unit 412, and a control unit 416; the connection and working modes are as follows: the receiving array 201 converts the radio frequency signals received by the parallel antennas into multi-beam quadrature baseband signals which are multiplexed by columns, forms parallel two-dimensional analog multi-beam baseband IQ signals 409 through the tree transmission network 203, and feeds the signals to the analog digital signal mixing processing unit 204; the analog-digital signal mixing processing unit 204 converts the K-column output multi-beam quadrature baseband signals into a two-dimensional digital multi-beam quadrature baseband signal form through low-pass filtering and analog-digital conversion; the digital signal processing unit 205 generates a main beam for a plurality of desired sources 101/102 for receiving the useful signal according to the two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410, generates a main beam for a plurality of interference sources 103/104 for suppressing the interference sources, generates a digital control signal, and controls the receiving array through the digital control signal interface 206 to track the beam directions of the desired sources and the interference sources in real time. The "desired signal" and "desired source" herein refer to the desired received useful signal and desired source, respectively.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, under the control of the control unit 416 of the digital signal processing unit 205, the dynamically generated two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410 is divided into a main beam and an auxiliary beam, where the main beam points to a plurality of required sources and a plurality of interference sources respectively; the auxiliary beam is divided into an auxiliary search beam and an auxiliary tracking beam; the secondary search beam is used to search for a new source and the secondary tracking beam is used to assist the primary beam in tracking the source.

The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, under the control of the digital signal processing unit 205, can dynamically configure the pointing positions according to the needs by forming the number of auxiliary search beams and auxiliary tracking beams.

The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, under the control of the digital signal processing unit 205, the process of forming the main beam is decomposed into L time-division sub-processes, and each sub-process generates a two-dimensional K column beam that is time-division multiplexed on the time axis.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the multi-beam analysis unit 411 in the digital signal processing unit 205 performs signal analysis and classification on the main beam, and divides the main beam into the source main beam and the interference main beam 121.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the multi-beam analysis unit 411 in the digital signal processing unit 205 performs signal analysis on the source main beam to divide the source main beam 122 into a source main beam 122 and a source main beam 123.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the digital signal processing unit 205 performs signal-homologous source main beam combining in the multi-beam tracking and interference source eliminating unit 412 for all the independent source main beams 124 by using an optimization algorithm, and suppresses the source main beam 123 and the interference main beam 121 from the heterologous source.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the control unit 416 in the digital signal processing unit 205 generates control timing and various control signals according to external clock signals, so as to complete the duty cycle control.

The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202, can be implemented by a plurality of baseband multi-beam phase-shifting amplitude modulator 311m unit circuits in the analog baseband signal domain.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 can realize multi-beams by down-converting the radio frequency signal amplified by the radio frequency signal received by the antenna in the plurality of down-converters by using the multi-phase quadrature local oscillator phase-shifted signal 313 m.

The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, which simulates the multi-beam receiving unit 202, can be realized by amplifying the radio frequency signal received by the antenna by the multi-beam phase-shifting modulator 311 and then directly phase-shifting and modulating the radio frequency signal.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 and the desired multi-beam phase-shift amplitude-modulation control signal 321 are connected by the digital control signal interface 206 from the multi-beam controller 404 in the digital signal processing unit 205.

The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the multi-beam controller 404 in the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 and the digital signal processing unit 205 may be integrated together and implemented in a distributed physical manner.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the multi-beam controller 404 in the digital signal processing unit 205 updates the number, the pointing direction and various receiving parameters of the multiple required sources 101/102 and the multiple interference sources 103/104 in real time according to the working beats through the digital control signal interface 206.

In the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, the digital signal processing unit 205 can dynamically adjust the division threshold 611 according to the receiving state, so as to control the number of main beams, increase or decrease the complexity of the optimization algorithm, and dynamically balance the received signal quality and the required minimum power consumption.

The present invention differs from conventional analog phased array receivers in that the former can simultaneously generate multiple beams, can simultaneously receive information from multiple sources and suppress coupling caused by interference sources, which the latter cannot do.

The invention is different from a digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver in that the former can form multi-beams by an analog method, the number of necessary low-pass filters and analog-to-digital converters is greatly reduced, the problem of electromagnetic compatibility can not be caused by connection, and the cost and the power consumption are greatly reduced: whereas in an mxn array, 2×mxn low-pass filters and analog-to-digital converters are used, the digital connection is extremely difficult, and the cost and the power consumption are high.

The invention is different from a Massive MIMO receiver in that the former can form two-dimensional multi-beam by an analog method, then a plurality of main beams are generated by dividing threshold values, and the same information source and the interference source elimination are combined in the main beams with greatly reduced quantity, thereby greatly reducing hardware requirements, calculation cost and power consumption; the latter has a hardware overhead similar to that of a digital multi-beam radio frequency phased array receiver, and the calculation cost required for solving the matrix equation is much larger.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desired source and an interference source for receiving a desired signal in a real-time space domain

Figure 2 two-dimensional analog multi-beam receive array system

Several implementations of the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 of fig. 3

FIG. 4 two-dimensional, receivable, array and digital signal processing unit structure 400

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of real-time multi-beam search and tracking

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of other beam interference on beam B1

FIG. 7 tracking the position of a main beam with an auxiliary beam

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a process for receiving a desired source and eliminating interference source coupling

Detailed Description

The present invention is directed to the above technical problems, and provides a two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200, which solves the problem that interference sources interfere in multi-path communication or radar detection as shown in fig. 1.

Assume that the first dimension direction is theta in a two-dimensional space _x The second dimension direction is theta _y We need to receive multiple desired sources, e.g., 101/102/101b, simultaneously with multiple interferers 103/104. Where it is desirable that sources 101 and 101b belong to the same information source but are from two or more different directions. The required source 102 and the required sources 101 and 101b are independent sources, and do not belong to the same information source. We call sources 101 and 101b homologous sources, while mutually independent sources are heterologous sources. The method aims to solve the problems that all needed information sources are received respectively at the same time, the combination is carried out among the homologous information sources, and meanwhile, the influence from an interference source is restrained to the greatest extent. These effects can cause degradation of signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, and degradation of EVM in a communication system, reducing the quality and bandwidth of the communication.

First, we generate two-dimensional beams using a method of simulating multiple beams. As shown in fig. 2, the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system 200 includes n rows and m columns of receiving arrays 201 of analog multi-beam receiving units 202 with antennas, a tree transmission network 203, an analog digital signal mixing processing unit 204, a digital signal processing unit 205, a digital control signal interface 206, and other functional blocks.

The receiving array 201 is used for receiving the radio frequency electromagnetic waves which are incident in parallel through the antenna array and converting the radio frequency electromagnetic waves into radio frequency electric signals, and then generating K independent two-dimensional analog multi-beams through the analog multi-beam receiving units 202 of n rows and m columns, and outputting the radio frequency electric signals in the form of quadrature components I/Q and differential baseband signals.

Radio frequency formation of two-dimensional analog multibeam, which needs to be realized

sin(wt+b)＝sin(Wt)cos(b)+cos(wt)sin(b)

Is used for the vector weighting of (a). Where w is the angular frequency of the radio frequency carrier frequency and b is the phase shift angle.

When we want to perform two-dimensional analog beamforming on the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 of the linear receiving array 201, b can be written as:

b＝nΔex _i +mΔθy _i +b0(n，m)

where n and m are the addresses of the receiving unit 202 at the array, Δθx _i Is the phase shift angle of the ith beam in the x-direction, mΔθy _i Is the phase shift angle of the i-th beam in the y-direction, b0 (n, m) is the intrinsic phase shift angle of the cell, and i=1, 2,3,...

One of the methods of analog multi-beam forming implementation is vector modulation at radio frequencies. The analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 amplifies the radio frequency signals received by the antenna to form orthogonal radio frequency vectors, i.e. orthogonal radio frequency signals with 90 degrees phase difference, weights the needed phases by sine function and cosine function respectively, and finally realizes

sin(wt+b)＝sin(wt)cos(b)+cos(wt)sin(b)

Its physical implementation is accomplished by a plurality of parallel multi-beam phase-shifting modulators 311 and a plurality of parallel downconverters 312m, see fig. 3 (b).

Another approach to analog multi-beam forming implementation is shown in fig. 3 (c), which is implemented by a plurality of parallel downconverters 312m, which require independently controllable multi-phase quadrature local oscillator phase-shifted signals 313m to clock the parallel downconverters 312 m. This requires the generation of multi-phase quadrature local oscillator phase shifted signals 313m, which can also be generated by linear vector synthesis of the quadrature phase of the original local oscillator LO, e.g., sin (w _Lo t+b)＝sin(w _Lo t)cos(b)+cos(w _Lo t) phase shifting operation of sin (b), wherein W _Lo Is the local oscillator frequency.

Another method of analog multi-beam forming implementation, see fig. 3 (d), can be achieved by parallel phase-shifting amplitude modulation of quadrature baseband signals. The radio frequency input signal 302 is amplified by a low noise amplifier 310 and then converted to a quadrature baseband signal by a plurality of parallel downconverters 312; a plurality of parallel phase-shifting amplitude modulators 311m perform vector modulation on quadrature baseband signals to shift phase, thereby realizing

sin(Ωt+b)＝sin(Ωt)cos(b)+cos(Ωt)sin(b)

Where Ω is the baseband angular frequency. Amplitude modulation is performed by the amplitude modulator, and a multi-beam phase-shifting amplitude-modulated baseband signal 320 is output. Thus, the analog multi-beam receiving unit can output multi-beam phase-shift amplitude-modulated baseband signals through the plurality of baseband multi-beam phase-shift amplitude modulator unit circuits in the analog baseband signal domain.

Regardless of which approach is used, the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 may be represented by the symbols of fig. 3 (a); while the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 needs to be controlled by a multi-beam phase-shifting amplitude modulation control signal 321 from the multi-beam controller 404 in the digital signal processing unit 205 via the digital control signal interface 206 to the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202.

A two-dimensional, receivable array and digital signal processing unit structure 400 is shown in fig. 4, and includes a receiving array 201, parallel analog multi-beam baseband IQ signal lines 401 output by M columns and N rows of analog multi-beam receiving units 202 connected at the array level, a tree transmission network 203, an analog-digital signal hybrid processing unit 204, and a digital signal processing unit 205. The parallel analog multi-beam baseband IQ signal line 401 connects the outputs of the receiving units 202 partially according to the beam order of each analog multi-beam receiving unit 202 outputting multi-beams, and the tree transmission network 203 connects partially or further partially or globally on the basis of the partial connection until all the beam outputs are connected together according to the beam order to form a parallel two-dimensional analog multi-beam baseband IQ signal 409, if IQ is set, there is

IQ＝[(i ₁ ，q ₁ )，(i ₂ ，q ₂ )，(i ₃ ，q ₃ )，...，(i _K ，q _k )]

Wherein the method comprises the steps of

Is the generation of the ith beam.

The tree transmission network 203 may be implemented as a one-dimensional 2-element tree structure, such as by making partial connections in the vertical direction for one dimension of output, and then making full connections for one-dimensional 2-element tree structure in the horizontal direction. The tree transmission network 203 may also be implemented as a two-dimensional 2-element tree structure, i.e. the beam outputs of the receiving units 202 of the array are connected in sub-blocks.

The tree transmission network 203 also presents a low-pass filtering characteristic, and is cascaded with a low-pass filter in the following analog-digital signal mixing processing unit 204 to synthesize the whole required low-pass filtering characteristic, and performs low-pass filtering on the baseband signal to remove out-of-band interference signals, so as to ensure that the ADC can work normally under the condition of meeting the nyquist sampling, and has no aliasing distortion. The analog-digital signal mixing processing unit 204 includes 2K Low Pass Filters (LPFs) cascaded to 2K analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) because in quadrature output, one beam is represented by two components. The output signal of the analog-to-digital signal mixing processing unit 204 is a two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410.

The digital signal processing unit 205 includes a multi-beam controller 404, a multi-beam analysis unit 411, a multi-beam tracking and interference source cancellation unit 412, and a control unit 416.

The multi-beam analysis unit 411 divides the two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410 according to a specific division threshold 611 according to the two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410, if the signal amplitude is greater than the division threshold 611, and keeps its output as a main beam of a desired source; if the main beam is not defined before, redefining a main beam, detecting the characteristics of an information source through digital demodulation, and marking the main beam; the source is characterized in that the source information can indicate the source information of the source and can be different in different applications and standards, such as the need of decoding channel state information codes in 5G communication, such as satellite identity/identification codes in satellite communication, such as MAC address codes in IP-based digital communication, and the like; if the signal amplitude is less than the division threshold 611, its output is reserved as the main beam of one interference source. This allows to distinguish whether the main beam of the source is needed or the main beam of the interfering source.

The multi-beam analysis unit 411 quantifies the detected two-dimensional beam grid of the plurality of desired sources 101/102 and the plurality of interferers 103/104 and sets the sources and interferers that are greater than the split threshold 611 on the two-dimensional digital multi-beam signal 410 as the dominant beam.

The multi-beam analysis unit 411 performs signal analysis and classification on the main beam, and divides the main beam into a source main beam and an interference main beam 121. The multi-beam analysis unit 411 performs signal analysis on the source main beam to divide the source main beam 122 into a homologous source main beam and a heterologous source main beam 123.

The multi-beam tracking and interferer cancellation unit 412 may be implemented with a digital signal processor DSP, or with a programmable array FPGA, or a CPU/GPU. One of the tasks of the multi-beam tracking and interferer cancellation unit 412 is to track, i.e. check, if the position of the already defined main beam is the best position, i.e. in the tracking area around the main beam, the position of the grid intersection reaching the maximum amplitude, see fig. 5. If the current position is not the position with the maximum amplitude, updating to the position of the intersection with the maximum amplitude; if the current location is already the location of greatest magnitude, the current location is maintained.

Another task of the multi-beam tracking and interferer cancellation unit 412 is interferer cancellation, i.e. optimizing the source main beam to minimize the interference of all interfering main beams 121 and the heterologous source main beam 123. For a desired source, although the associated receive main beam is directed to it, there will still be interference from other directional sources, including interfering main beam 121, and heterologous source main beam 123. Of course, there may be a homologous source main beam 122 from a different direction. The generation of the primary beam 122 of the homologous source may be a blocking or reflecting rf signal from a transmitting source or may be a direct transmission from a different direction.

If the output of the main beam B1 contains interference from other sources, see fig. 6, B3 and B4 are two interfering main beams 121, B2 is a heterologous source main beam 123, and B1B is a homologous source main beam 122. For the main beam B1, its output can be expressed as

Y1＝a11B1+a12B2+a13B3+a14*B4...，

More generally expressed as

Y＝AB+n

Where a is the coupling matrix and the elements on the diagonal are self-coupling coefficients, which tend to be much larger than the elements on the off-diagonal. B is the main beam vector, n is the other interference and noise effects, and Y is the actual output. Interference from other directions, including from other sources, can be reduced by optimization algorithms.

The optimization algorithm can be a variety of algorithms, such as minimum mean square error method, zero forcing method (force zero), etc., in case of known coupling matrix A, such as taking

B＝(A ^H A) ^-1 AHY

In the case of an unknown coupling matrix a, an iterative approach may also be used to approximate a.

The multi-beam tracking and interferer cancellation unit 412 performs signal-homologous source main beam combining using an optimization algorithm and suppresses the main beam 123 and the interfering main beam 121 from the heterologous source.

The control unit 416 in the digital signal processing unit 205 forms an operation clock by a frequency synthesizer or other clocks according to an external clock signal, generates control timings, and various control signals as needed to accomplish the beat control.

The multi-beam controller 404 in the digital signal processing unit 205 updates the number and the pointing directions of the plurality of desired sources 101/102 and the plurality of interference sources 103/104, and various reception parameters in real time according to the working beats through the digital control signal interface 206. As described above, the multi-beam controller 404 may be in a centralized mode as shown in fig. 4, or may be designed to be partially centralized and partially distributed, i.e., a portion remains in fig. 4, and another portion is divided into sub-modules dispersed in the array; or may be entirely distributed, such as integrated within the analog multi-beam receiving unit 202. The digital control signal interface 206 is partially modified or divided according to the implementation of the multi-beam controller 404, and is also partially distributed.

The control unit 416 of the digital signal processing unit 205 also has a special control function, and can dynamically adjust the dividing threshold 611 according to the receiving state. When the division threshold 611 is selected to be relatively low, the number of main beams that occur is relatively large, and the amount of calculation to be performed later is relatively large. When the division threshold 611 is selected to be relatively high, the number of main beams that occur is relatively small, and the amount of calculation to be performed later is relatively small. The control unit 416 is responsible for controlling the number of main beams, increasing or decreasing the complexity of the optimization algorithm, and dynamically balancing the received signal quality with the minimum power consumption required.

When K is greater than the number of main beams, a portion of the beams may be taken from it to make auxiliary beams. There are two types of auxiliary beams: an auxiliary search beam and an auxiliary tracking beam. The auxiliary searching beam is used for carrying out random searching on a two-dimensional space, searching and searching a new transmitting source; the auxiliary tracking beam detects whether there is a more optimal main beam position direction in the area already defined as main beam, so as to update in real time or in the next working beat. A schematic diagram of tracking the position of the main beam with the auxiliary beam is shown in fig. 7, and possible implementation methods are (a), (b), (c), (d), etc. That is, the position of the main beam may be tracked by one auxiliary tracking beam, such as (a), or the position of the main beam may be tracked by a plurality of auxiliary tracking beams, such as (b), (c), (d), or the like, or may be achieved by time sharing.

A schematic flow diagram of receiving the required source and eliminating the coupling of the interference source by using the receiving method of the two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array is shown in fig. 8.

The technology proposed in the present invention can be applied to occasions such as wireless communication, mobile communication, satellite communication, etc. Since radar technology and communication technology are in common, the technology can find application in the radar field for achieving multi-target tracking and real-time interference cancellation.

The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment and the preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but any simple modification, variation and repartition of equivalent structures, and renaming of equivalent technical terms and names according to the technical entities of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system is characterized by comprising a receiving array of n rows and m columns of analog multi-beam receiving units with antennas, a K-column orthogonal differential tree-shaped transmission network, an analog digital signal mixing processing unit, a digital signal processing unit and a digital control signal interface; the analog-digital signal mixing processing unit comprises K rows of positive differential low-pass filters and an analog-digital converter connected with the K rows of positive differential low-pass filters; the digital signal processing unit comprises a multi-beam controller, a multi-beam analysis unit, a multi-beam tracking and interference source eliminating unit and a control unit; the connection and working modes are as follows: the receiving array converts the radio frequency signals received by the parallel antenna into multi-beam quadrature baseband signals which are multiplexed according to columns, forms parallel two-dimensional analog multi-beam baseband IQ signals through a tree transmission network and feeds the parallel two-dimensional analog multi-beam baseband IQ signals to the analog digital signal mixing processing unit; the analog-digital signal mixing processing unit converts the K-column output multi-beam quadrature baseband signals into a form of two-dimensional digital multi-beam quadrature baseband signals through low-pass filtering and analog-digital conversion: the multi-beam analysis unit and the multi-beam tracking and interference source eliminating unit in the digital signal processing unit generate main beams for simultaneously aiming at a plurality of needed information sources to be used for receiving useful signals according to two-dimensional digital multi-beam quadrature baseband signals through judgment of signal amplitude segmentation threshold values, generate main beams for simultaneously aiming at a plurality of interference sources to be used for inhibiting the interference sources, generate digital control signals through the digital control signal interface, control the receiving array and track the beam directions of the needed information sources and the interference sources in real time.

2. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the dynamically generated two-dimensional digital multi-beam is divided into a main beam and an auxiliary beam under the control of a control unit in the digital signal processing unit, wherein the main beam is directed to a plurality of desired sources and a plurality of interference sources, respectively; the auxiliary beam is divided into an auxiliary search beam and an auxiliary tracking beam; the secondary search beam is used to search for a new source and the secondary tracking beam is used to assist the primary beam in tracking the source.

3. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system of claim 1, wherein the number and pointing positions of the forming auxiliary search beams and auxiliary tracking beams are dynamically configurable as needed under the control of the digital signal processing unit.

4. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the main beam forming process is decomposed into L time-division sub-processes, each sub-process generating a two-dimensional K column beam time-division multiplexed on a time axis, under the control of the digital signal processing unit.

5. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system of claim 1, wherein the multi-beam analysis unit in the digital signal processing unit performs signal analysis and classification of the main beam into a source main beam and an interfering main beam.

6. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system of claim 1, wherein the multi-beam analysis unit in the digital signal processing unit performs signal analysis on the source main beam to divide the source main beam into a homologous source main beam and a heterologous source main beam.

7. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the digital signal processing unit performs signal homologous source main beam combining and suppresses main beams from the heterologous source and the interfering main beams by using an optimization algorithm in the multi-beam tracking and interference source canceling unit for all the independent source main beams.

8. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receive array system of claim 1, wherein: and a control unit in the digital signal processing unit generates a control time sequence and various required control signals according to an external clock signal to complete a control function.

9. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the analog multi-beam receiving unit outputs the radio frequency signal received and amplified by the antenna by a plurality of parallel multi-beam phase-shifting modulators and a plurality of parallel down-converters in an analog baseband signal domain.

10. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the analog multi-beam receiving unit is configured to output the baseband signal of multi-beam phase-shift amplitude modulation by down-converting the radio frequency signal received and amplified by the antenna in the plurality of parallel down-converters by using the multi-phase quadrature local oscillator phase-shift signal.

11. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the analog multi-beam receiving unit is configured to directly perform phase-shift amplitude modulation on the radio frequency signal received and amplified by the antenna by using a plurality of parallel down-converters and a plurality of parallel baseband multi-beam phase-shift amplitude modulators, thereby realizing baseband signal output of multi-beam phase-shift amplitude modulation.

12. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-beam phase-shifting amplitude-modulation control signals required by the analog multi-beam receiving units come from a multi-beam controller in the digital signal processing unit and are connected by a digital control signal interface.

13. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system of claim 1, wherein the multi-beam controllers in the analog multi-beam receiving unit and the digital signal processing unit are integrated together and implemented in a distributed physical manner.

14. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-beam controller in the digital signal processing unit updates the number and the pointing direction of the plurality of required information sources and the plurality of interference sources and the various receiving parameters in real time through the digital control signal interface.

15. The two-dimensional analog multi-beam receiving array system of claim 1, wherein the digital signal processing unit dynamically adjusts the division threshold according to the receiving state to control the number of main beams, increase or decrease the complexity of the optimization algorithm, and dynamically balance the received signal quality with the required minimum power consumption.