CN116050623B - Method for calculating and evaluating gas supply capacity of tight gas reservoir - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir; according to the method, through carrying out an air supply analysis experiment on the rock core in the regressive stratum state, the rock core permeability, fluid viscosity, inlet pressure, outlet pressure, fracturing length and fracturing height corresponding to different effective stresses and pressure gradients under simulated stratum conditions are obtained, a multi-physical-field air supply calculation model is built through fitting the obtained experimental results, then nonlinear binomial fitting is carried out on the pressure gradients and the effective stresses by combining production data, an air supply capacity empirical fitting formula is obtained, reservoir air supply capacity values can be calculated according to the multi-physical-field air supply calculation model and the air supply capacity empirical fitting formula, the reservoir air supply capacity is evaluated based on the calculation results, the air supply capacity strength and the production stage of the reservoir can be determined according to the evaluation results, and reasonable production allocation is carried out within the air supply capacity range, so that stable and efficient exploitation of the reservoir is guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir.
Background
The dense gas is used as unconventional natural gas and has a trend of rapid development in China, the gas supply capacity of a dense gas reservoir is an important production factor required to be determined during exploitation, however, the calculation and evaluation of the gas supply capacity of the dense gas reservoir still adopts a conventional oil and gas reservoir method at present, so that the physical simulation experiment result can not guide the decision of the exploration and development technology well. Actual production data prove that the conventional oil and gas reservoir evaluation and calculation method under laboratory conditions has larger error and cannot be compatible with the production data, so that the method is not suitable for a tight gas reservoir under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions; the invention discovers that experimental parameters obtained under the condition of simulating a reservoir have nonlinear relation in the process of developing a physical simulation experiment, can be fitted by obtaining a large number of data values, has higher precision between a model established by fitting and an empirical model, can be matched with the actual reservoir air supply capacity, can judge the air supply capacity strength of the reservoir and the production stage where the reservoir is positioned after evaluating the reservoir air supply capacity based on a calculation result, and dynamically adjusts the production system in the air supply capacity range so as to maximize the exploitation benefit of the reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: by carrying out a physical simulation experiment, obtaining a plurality of seepage parameters compatible with an on-site reservoir, and establishing a multi-physical-field air supply calculation model according to reservoir production data and experimental seepage parameters, the engineering geological features of the reservoir can be restored by the experimental data, so that the calculation result is matched with the real air supply capacity of the underground reservoir; secondly, under the condition of considering equipment limitation, the invention obtains an empirical fit formula about effective stress and pressure gradient by carrying out nonlinear binomial fit on experimental results, and can calculate the reservoir gas supply capacity under the condition that only pressure parameters can be obtained; the reservoir gas supply capacity value with high precision and high fit can be obtained by two different calculation modes; the gas supply capacity of the reservoir can be evaluated through the calculated value, the gas supply capacity of the reservoir in different production stages can be better analyzed according to the evaluation result, and the production pressure difference and the reasonable production allocation of the reservoir are dynamically adjusted, so that the reservoir is guided to be mined stably and efficiently.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir, comprising the steps of:
s100, acquiring reservoir gas supply capacity under the action of different effective stresses and pressure gradients according to reservoir production dataQAnd obtaining a core with pore permeability characteristics consistent with the reservoir;
s200, electromagnetically heating the core to 140 ℃ and loading the core into a core holder, carrying out an aging experiment under the confining pressure of 90MPa, and continuously sealing for 72 hours to enable the core to return to the stratum state;
s300, performing an air supply analysis experiment on the core after the aging experiment is finished, and obtaining multiple groups of inlet pressures corresponding to different effective stresses and pressure gradients of the core at 140 DEG CP 1 Outlet pressureP 2 Permeability valueK g Fracture lengthdAnd fracture heightL；
S400, according to the air supply analysis experimental result, establishing a model prediction air supply capacityQ m Multiple physical field air supply calculation model:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q m the air supply capacity is predicted for the model and is 10 units 4 m 3 /d；ηIs the magnitude of the permeability of the reservoir and has no dimension;
the unit is h, which is the reservoir exploitation time; and (V)PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;dthe unit is m, which is the fracturing length;Lthe unit is m, which is the fracturing height;K g is permeability in mD;μis the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions in mpa·s;
s500, performing nonlinear binomial fitting on the air supply analysis experimental result to obtain an air supply capacity empirical fitting formula about effective stress and pressure gradient:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；△PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;P eff is effective stress, and the unit is MPa;
s600, evaluating the gas supply capacity of the reservoir, and calculating a gas supply capacity evaluation coefficientSGOr (b)IGIn actual production, according to different obtained reservoir production data, different evaluation coefficients are selected to guide and optimize the production system in the exploitation process.
The method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of the tight gas reservoir is further characterized by comprising the step of calculating and evaluating the fluid viscosity under the reservoir conditionμCalculation is performed according to viscosity empirical fit:
in the method, in the process of the invention,μis the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions in mpa·s;T z the temperature of the reservoir is given in degrees celsius;P 1 inlet pressure in MPa;P 2 the outlet pressure is expressed in MPa;P z atmospheric pressure in MPa;
the air supply capacity evaluation coefficientSGThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,SGpredicting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for the model, wherein the air supply capacity evaluation coefficient is dimensionless;Q m the air supply capacity is predicted for the model and is 10 units 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d；
The air supply capacity evaluation coefficientIGThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,IGfitting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for experience, and having no dimension;Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d。
The method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of the tight gas reservoir is characterized in that when the gas supply capacity of the tight gas reservoir is 0 <SGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is less than or equal to 10%, the reservoir is in a stable and high-yield stage; when 10% <SGThe gas supply capacity of the reservoir layer is gradually reduced and is in an intermittent production stage; when (when)SGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is more than or equal to 35%, the reservoir is weak and is in an auxiliary production stage; when 0 <IGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is less than or equal to 5%, the reservoir is in a stable and high-yield stage; when 5% <IGThe gas supply capacity of the reservoir layer is gradually reduced and is in an intermittent production stage; when (when)IGAnd when the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is more than or equal to 20%, the reservoir is weak and is in an auxiliary production stage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The calculation method gives consideration to multiple factors, has higher calculation precision and wider application range; (2) The evaluation method is simple and effective, and can provide guidance for the actual production process; and (3) the calculation and evaluation method is easy to popularize.
Drawings
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a technical roadmap of the method.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a multi-physical field air supply calculation model with respect to model predictive air supply capability.
Fig. 3 is a non-linear binomial fit plot of air supply capacity with respect to an empirical fit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings;
the invention provides a method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir, wherein fig. 1 is a technical roadmap of the method, and the method comprises the following steps:
first, according to the number of production in the reservoir siteAccording to the obtained dynamic change, the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is obtained under the action of different effective stress and pressure gradientQDrilling to obtain a core with the porosity and permeability consistent with the reservoir pore permeability characteristics;
TABLE 1
Secondly, electromagnetically heating the core to 140 ℃, then loading the core into a core holder, carrying out an aging experiment under the confining pressure of 90MPa, and sealing the core for 72 hours, so that the seepage condition of the core in a physical simulation experiment is basically the same as the actual environment of a reservoir;
thirdly, carrying out gas supply analysis experiments on the core which is stored for 72 hours in an aging way, and measuring and obtaining corresponding inlet pressures under the conditions of multiple groups of reservoirs (140 ℃ and confining pressure of 90 MPa) under the action of different effective stresses and pressure gradientsP 1 Outlet pressureP 2 And permeability valueK g And calculating the fluid viscosity under the reservoir condition according to the viscosity experience fittingμThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the fracture lengthdAnd fracture heightLThe production data is obtained, the test result is 391 groups of data in total, and part of data is randomly selected as an example description;
in the method, in the process of the invention,μis the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions in mpa·s;T z the temperature of the reservoir is given in degrees celsius;P 1 inlet pressure in MPa;P 2 the outlet pressure is expressed in MPa;P z atmospheric pressure in MPa;
TABLE 2
Fourth, according to the gas supply analysisThe test results were fitted as in fig. 2 because of the fracture length of the reservoirdAnd fracture heightLWill not change for a short period of time, so when the pressure gradient is constant, the corresponding permeabilityK g And permeability magnitudeηWith and without one data value, and under this effective stress and pressure gradient, the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions can be calculatedμThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the case of the above parameter determination, the above parameters can be fitted to model predictive air supply capacityQ m Since each time period corresponds to a singleQ m It is thus possible to build a model-based prediction of air supply capacityQ m Multiple physical field air supply calculation model:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q m the air supply capacity is predicted for the model and is 10 units 4 m 3 /d；ηIs the magnitude of the permeability of the reservoir and has no dimension;
the unit is h, which is the reservoir exploitation time; and (V)PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;dthe unit is m, which is the fracturing length;Lthe unit is m, which is the fracturing height;K g is permeability in mD;μis the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions in mpa·s;
fifth, the air supply analysis experiment is limited by equipment, and related parameters cannot be obtained through a large number of experiments during on-site exploitation, so that parameters required by the air supply calculation model of multiple physical fields are easy to be lost, and therefore according to the air supply analysis experiment result, in combination with production data, nonlinear binomial fitting is performed on pressure data easy to be obtained on site, as shown in fig. 3, an air supply capacity empirical fitting formula about effective stress and pressure gradient can be obtained:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；△PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;P eff is effective stress, and the unit is MPa;
sixth, calculate the corresponding model predictive air supply capacity through the instance dataQ m Fitting air supply capacity to experienceQ e ；
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
Seventh, the model calculated from the instance data predicts the air supply capacityQ m Fitting air supply capacity to experienceQ e The wellhead opening of the existing reservoir can be dynamically adjusted, and the gas production capacity and the gas supply capacity of the reservoir are matched, so that the gas production capacity is in the range of being supplied by the stratum, the stratum capacity loss is reduced, and the reservoir is in a high-yield stable-yield stage as much as possible; after having calculatedQ m And (3) withQ e Further calculate the air supply capacity evaluation coefficient based on (a)SGAnd (3) withIGThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the air supply analysis experiment can be carried out, the calculation can be selectedSGPerforming reservoir gas supply capacity evaluation; when the conditions for carrying out the experiment are not met, the pressure gradient and the effective stress of a certain production stage in the process of reservoir exploitation can be obtained through the pressure measurement of the field well, and the calculation can be selected at the momentIGPerforming reservoir gas supply capacity evaluation;
in the method, in the process of the invention,SGpredicting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for the model, wherein the air supply capacity evaluation coefficient is dimensionless;Q m predicting air supply capacity for a modelIn 10 units 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d；
In the method, in the process of the invention,IGfitting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for experience, and having no dimension;Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d；
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
Eighth, according to example data, both evaluation coefficients can reasonably and accurately evaluate the gas supply capacity of the reservoir, and when the evaluation coefficient is smaller, the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is stronger, and the production effect is better; by passing throughSGIt can be seen that when the permeability is 0.618 x10 -4 mD, when the fluid viscosity is 0.03742 mPa.s, the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is strongest, and the reservoir is in a high-yield stable-yield stage; by passing throughIGWhen the effective stress of 30MPa and the pressure gradient of 1MPa/m are combined, the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is strongest, and the reservoir is in a high-yield stable-yield stage;
ninth, according to the different parameters that can be obtained, choose to calculate different air supply capacity evaluation coefficients to evaluate, can judge what production stage the reservoir is in through the evaluation result, and according to the intensity of air supply capacity, improve the pressurized production system, this calculation and evaluation method can make physical simulation experiment result and reservoir production data combine better, thus guide the actual production in the scene.
Further, the viscosity of the fluid under the reservoir conditionsμEvaluation of air supply abilityCoefficients ofSGGas supply capacity evaluation coefficientIG、Reservoir gas supply capacity evaluation;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The calculation method gives consideration to multiple factors, has higher calculation precision and wider application range; (2) The evaluation method is simple and effective, and can provide guidance for the actual production process; and (3) the calculation and evaluation method is easy to popularize.
Finally, what should be said is: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir, comprising the steps of:
s100, acquiring reservoir gas supply capacity under the action of different effective stresses and pressure gradients according to reservoir production dataQAnd obtaining a core with pore permeability characteristics consistent with the reservoir;
s200, electromagnetically heating the core to 140 ℃ and loading the core into a core holder, carrying out an aging experiment under the confining pressure of 90MPa, and continuously sealing for 72 hours to enable the core to return to the stratum state;
s300, performing an air supply analysis experiment on the core after the aging experiment is finished, and obtaining multiple groups of inlet pressures corresponding to different effective stresses and pressure gradients of the core at 140 DEG CP 1 Outlet pressureP 2 Permeability valueK g Fracture lengthdAnd fracture heightL；
S400, according to the air supply analysis experimental result, establishing a model prediction air supply capacityQ m Multiple physical field air supply calculation model:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q m the air supply capacity is predicted for the model and is 10 units 4 m 3 /d；ηIs the magnitude of the permeability of the reservoir and has no dimension;
the unit is h, which is the reservoir exploitation time; and (V)PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;dthe unit is m, which is the fracturing length;Lthe unit is m, which is the fracturing height;K g is permeability in mD;μis the fluid viscosity under reservoir conditions in mpa·s;
s500, performing nonlinear binomial fitting on the air supply analysis experimental result to obtain an air supply capacity empirical fitting formula about effective stress and pressure gradient:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；△PIs a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;P eff is effective stress, and the unit is MPa;
s600, evaluating the gas supply capacity of the reservoir, and calculating a gas supply capacity evaluation coefficientSGOr (b)IGIn actual production, according to different obtained reservoir production data, different evaluation coefficients are selected to guide and optimize the production system in the exploitation process.
2. The method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: viscosity of fluid under reservoir conditionsμCalculation is performed according to viscosity empirical fit:
in the method, in the process of the invention,μis the viscosity of fluid under reservoir conditionsDegree, unit is mPa.s;T z the temperature of the reservoir is given in degrees celsius;P 1 inlet pressure in MPa;P 2 the outlet pressure is expressed in MPa;P z atmospheric pressure in MPa;
the air supply capacity evaluation coefficientSGThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,SGpredicting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for the model, wherein the air supply capacity evaluation coefficient is dimensionless;Q m the air supply capacity is predicted for the model and is 10 units 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d；
The air supply capacity evaluation coefficientIGThe calculation formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,IGfitting an air supply capacity evaluation coefficient for experience, and having no dimension;Q e air supply capacity is fitted empirically in 10 4 m 3 /d；QAir supply capacity for reservoir, unit 10 4 m 3 /d。
3. The method for calculating and evaluating the gas supply capacity of a tight gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: the reservoir gas supply capacity evaluation is specifically that when 0 <SGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is less than or equal to 10%, the reservoir is in a stable and high-yield stage; when 10% <SGThe gas supply capacity of the reservoir layer is gradually reduced and is in an intermittent production stage; when (when)SGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is more than or equal to 35%, the reservoir is weak and is in an auxiliary production stage; when 0 <IGWhen the gas supply capacity of the reservoir is less than or equal to 5%, the reservoir is in a stable and high-yield stage; when 5% <IGThe gas supply capacity of the reservoir layer is gradually reduced and is in an intermittent production stage; when (when)IGWhen the content is more than or equal to 20 percent,the reservoir is weak in gas supply capacity and is in an auxiliary production stage.
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