CN117113884B - Determination method for water saturation of water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu - Google Patents
Determination method for water saturation of water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
- G01N24/082—Measurement of solid, liquid or gas content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a method for determining water saturation of a water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu; according to the method, the core is centrifuged at different centrifugal speeds, the centrifugal speed is converted into a pressure gradient, and the porosity and the residual water saturation of the core are obtained based on nuclear magnetic resonance experimental data processing results of the core; fitting the pressure gradient and the residual water saturation to obtain a fitted model between the two parameters, and combining a calculation model of the distance to the bottom of the well and the pressure gradient in the production data of the gas well to finally obtain a calculation model of the residual water saturation and the distance to the bottom of the well; the novel method can determine the water saturation of the well Zhou Shengyu of the gas-bearing gas well with water, is beneficial to predicting the time of gas production from a wellhead, can know the flow characteristics of the gas phase and the water phase, optimizes the production allocation strategy and makes a reasonable production plan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development, and particularly relates to a method for determining water saturation of a water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu.
Background
Residual water saturation is a key parameter in quantitative reservoir characterization, water production from a gas well reservoir is closely related to residual water saturation, and a gas well with high residual water saturation is easy to produce water, so that the exploitation benefit is reduced. Conventional resistivity methods to determine residual water saturation require consideration of complex relationships between core porosity and conductivity, reservoir rock type and salinity changes, such that the method is limited and the error in determining residual water saturation near the wellbore is large. In the invention, through nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on the rock core, a relation between residual water saturation and distance from the bottom of the well is obtained after nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are processed, and a method for determining the water saturation of a water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu is provided, and has theoretical rationality and practical production application value in calculation of the water saturation of the gas well Zhou Shengyu.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: through carrying out a physical simulation experiment, after the rock core obtained from the reservoir is saturated with stratum water, the rock core is centrifuged at different centrifugal speeds, and the pressure gradient can be obtained after the different centrifugal speeds are converted. And after the different centrifugal processes of the core are finished, nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation time signal value data are collected, and the porosity and the residual water saturation can be obtained after the processing. And fitting the experimental result to obtain a fitting model between the pressure gradient and the residual water saturation, and combining a calculation model of the distance to the bottom of the well and the pressure gradient in the production data of the gas well to finally obtain a calculation model of the residual water saturation and the distance to the bottom of the well. The novel method can determine the water saturation of the well Zhou Shengyu of the gas-bearing gas well with water, is beneficial to predicting the time of gas production from a wellhead, makes a reasonable production plan, can know the flow characteristics of the gas phase and the water phase, and optimizes the gas-water production allocation strategy.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for determining water saturation of a water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu, the method comprising the steps of:
first, collecting a core from an underground reservoir, maintaining the integrity of the core, and measuring the length of the coreLAnd diameter (diameter)d；
Secondly, drying and cleaning the rock core, vacuumizing saturated stratum water, and centrifuging at centrifugal speeds of 0, 2000, 4000, 7000, 11000 and 16000 and r/min, wherein the centrifuging time of each centrifugal speed is kept to be 30 min;
thirdly, after the different centrifugation processes are finished, nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are collected through a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument under the normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are converted into residual water saturation through a semi-empirical fitting formulaS；
Fourth, establish the centrifugal rotational speednWith pressure gradientEThe calculation model of the conversion between the centrifugal rotational speednConversion to obtain pressure gradientE：
In the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Cis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Wis the density of stratum water in the rock core, the unit is；RThe centrifugal rotation radius is given by m;nthe centrifugal rotation speed is r/s;
fifth step, the residual water saturationSAnd pressure gradientEFitting two parameters to establish the saturation with respect to residual waterSWith pressure gradientEIs fit to:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;A、Bis a constant, dimensionless quantity;
sixth, according to the production data of gas well, obtaining the distance from bottom holerWith pressure gradientEIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Dis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qis the gas yield in units of；
Seventh step, according to the residual water saturationSWith pressure gradientEFitting, combined with distance to bottom holerWith pressure gradientEIs built up with respect to the residual water saturationSDistance from bottom of wellrIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qis the gas yield in units of；F、GIs constant and has no dimension.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The application range is wide, and the residual water saturation of different types of reservoirs can be determined; the calculation method is convenient and effective, and the working efficiency is high; and (3) the calculation method is easy to popularize.
Drawings
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a general technical roadmap of the method.
Fig. 2 is a graph of a pressure gradient versus residual water saturation fit.
FIG. 3 is a graph of residual water saturation versus distance downhole calculation model.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings;
the invention provides a method for determining the water saturation of a water-bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu, and FIG. 1 is a general technical roadmap of the method, comprising the following steps:
first, a core is collected from a subterranean reservoir, the integrity of the core is maintained, and the length of the core is measuredLAnd diameter (diameter)d；
Secondly, placing the dried and cleaned rock core in a vacuumizing saturation system, vacuumizing, placing stratum water, continuously vacuumizing to enable the rock core to continuously saturate the stratum water, and enabling the stratum water to enter all pores of the rock core until the stratum water is fully saturated; after saturated stratum water, the core is centrifuged at centrifugal speeds of 0, 2000, 4000, 7000, 11000 and 16000 r/min respectively, and the time of different centrifugation processes is kept at 30 min;
thirdly, under the condition of normal temperature and normal pressure, after different centrifugation processes are finished, nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are collected in a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument; the nuclear magnetic resonance signal decays with time, producing different T' s 2 Spectrum, converting nuclear magnetic resonance signal data into porosity and residual water saturation by semi-empirical fitting formula, and multiplying the porosity ratio of the porosity in different centrifugal rotation speed states and the porosity in saturated water state by 100% to obtain corresponding residual water saturationSThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After the different centrifugation processes are finished, the residual water saturation and the centrifugal rotating speed obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance signal data conversion have a corresponding relation, and the corresponding relation is shown in a table 1;
TABLE 1 centrifugal speed vs. residual Water saturation
Fourth, the core rotates along with the centrifugal speednThe greater the centrifugal force experienced, the greater the displacement pressure acting on the core; the displacement pressure is the ratio of the centrifugal force to the effective sectional area of the porosity, and the ratio of the displacement pressure to the length is the pressure gradientEEstablishing a relation to centrifugal rotational speednWith pressure gradientEA computational model between:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Cis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Wis the density of stratum water in the rock core, the unit is；RThe centrifugal rotation radius is given by m;nthe centrifugal rotation speed is r/s;
fifth, through the centrifugal rotation speed in the fourthnWith pressure gradientEThe converted calculation model, knowing the centrifugal rotational speeds of 0, 2000, 4000, 7000, 11000, 16000, r/min, can be used to obtain each centrifugal rotational speednCorresponding pressure gradientESee table 2;
TABLE 2 relationship between centrifugal speed and pressure gradient
Sixth, the calculated residual water saturationSAnd pressure gradientEThe two parameters are fitted, see FIG. 2, the pressure gradient in the graphEThe larger the size of the container,residual water saturationSSmaller, thereby establishing a saturation with respect to residual waterSAnd pressure gradientEIs fit to:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;A、Bis a constant, dimensionless quantity;
seventh, according to the production data of the gas well, the thickness of the reservoir is comprehensively consideredhPermeability of reservoirKAverage reservoir pressurePCompression factor of gasZ、Reservoir temperatureT、Average viscosity of gasuGas yieldqAfter determining these parameters, a relationship between the distance to the bottom of the well and the pressure gradient is foundrSmaller pressure gradientEThe greater the build-up distance to the bottom of the wellrWith pressure gradientEIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Dis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qis the gas yield in units of；
Eighth, different distances to the bottom of the well are given from gas well production datarBy distance from bottom holerWith pressure gradientETo derive a pressure gradientERespectively calculate different distances to the bottom of the wellrPressure gradient atEBy means of known pressure laddersDegree ofEBy pressure gradientESaturation with residual waterSCorresponding residual water saturation is calculated by fittingSThereby obtaining the distance from the bottom of the wellrResidual water saturation atSSee table 3;
TABLE 3 relationship of distance downhole to residual water saturation
Ninth, the closer to the gas well, the residual water saturationSThe smaller, see FIG. 3, the more saturation is established with respect to the remaining waterSDistance from bottom of wellrIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qis the gas yield in units of；F、GIs constant and has no dimension.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The application range is wide, and the residual water saturation of different types of reservoirs can be determined; the calculation method is convenient and effective, and the working efficiency is high; and (3) the calculation method is easy to popularize.
Finally, what should be said is: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method of determining water saturation of a hydrocarbon bearing gas well Zhou Shengyu, the method comprising the steps of:
first, collecting a core from an underground reservoir, maintaining the integrity of the core, and measuring the length of the coreLAnd diameter (diameter)d；
Secondly, drying and cleaning the rock core, vacuumizing saturated stratum water, and centrifuging at centrifugal speeds of 0, 2000, 4000, 7000, 11000 and 16000 and r/min, wherein the centrifuging time of each centrifugal speed is kept to be 30 min;
thirdly, after the different centrifugation processes are finished, nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are collected through a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument under the normal temperature and normal pressure conditions, and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal data are converted into residual water saturation through a semi-empirical fitting formulaS；
Fourth, establish the centrifugal rotational speednWith pressure gradientEThe calculation model of the conversion between the centrifugal rotational speednConversion to obtain pressure gradientE：
In the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Cis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Wis the density of stratum water in the rock core, the unit is；RThe centrifugal rotation radius is given by m;nthe centrifugal rotation speed is r/s;
fifth step, the residual water saturationSAnd pressure gradientEFitting two parameters to establish the saturation with respect to residual waterSWith pressure gradientEIs fit to:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;A、Bis a constant, dimensionless quantity;
sixth, according to the production data of gas well, obtaining the distance from bottom holerWith pressure gradientEIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Eis a pressure gradient, and the unit is MPa/m;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Dis a constant, dimensionless quantity;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qis the gas yield in units of；
Seventh step, according to the residual water saturationSWith pressure gradientEFitting, combined with distance to bottom holerWith pressure gradientEIs built up with respect to the residual water saturationSDistance from bottom of wellrIs a computational model of (a):
in the method, in the process of the invention,Sis the residual water saturation, dimensionless;Kis reservoir permeability in mD;his the thickness of the reservoir, in m;Pthe average pressure of the reservoir is expressed in MPa;rthe unit is m, which is the distance from the bottom of the well;Zis a gas compression factor, dimensionless;Tthe unit is K, which is the reservoir temperature;uthe average viscosity of the gas is expressed in units of mpa.s;qfor gas productionThe amount is given in；F、GIs constant and has no dimension.
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