CN116045737A - Spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116045737A CN116045737A CN202310166828.3A CN202310166828A CN116045737A CN 116045737 A CN116045737 A CN 116045737A CN 202310166828 A CN202310166828 A CN 202310166828A CN 116045737 A CN116045737 A CN 116045737A
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- blasting
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- blasting tube
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 260
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 34
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/22—Elements for controlling or guiding the detonation wave, e.g. tubes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
A prefabricated blasting tube with adjustable spacing and an installation method thereof, the blasting tube: the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube which form the prefabricated blasting tube are connected in a buckled manner through a buckle assembly; a plurality of limit grooves are formed in the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube; the conical cover is sleeved at the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube, and the cage-shaped plugging cover is sleeved at the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube; the cylindrical explosive sections are respectively arranged in the prefabricated blasting tube in a limiting mode through paired limiting rings; the plugging stemming is filled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover; the detonating tube and the detonating cord are parallelly penetrated in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube. The installation method comprises the following steps: pre-assembling the blasting tube at a construction environment-friendly place; and (3) performing field blasting installation operation, extruding and plugging stemming to escape and attaching the stemming to the rock wall so as to achieve the effect of full sealing. The blasting tube is easy to perform prefabricated assembly, and has the advantages of convenient field installation process, high blasting efficiency and good safety coefficient; the method has the advantages of simple steps, good environmental protection performance and flexible assembly process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting devices, and particularly relates to a limit adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and an installation method thereof, which are suitable for various blasting such as tunnel excavation, mining, slope cutting and the like.
Background
At present, when constructing in aspects such as mountain excavation tunnel, deep rock excavation, in order to reduce the degree of difficulty of engineering to a certain extent, and effectively improve the efficiency of construction, generally need carry out blasting operation. The traditional engineering blasting charging method requires that the explosive is firstly placed in a blast hole, then the explosive is directly propelled to a designated position by a gun rod, and meanwhile, the explosive is slowly tamped. The explosive loading mode is easy to form a large amount of flying stones and dust after explosion, and can also generate air shock waves, noise, toxic and harmful gases and other harm. In order to effectively reduce the engineering hazard and protect the construction environment, a hydraulic blasting technology is derived, namely, a water bag is properly filled in a blast hole during charging. In the installation process of the hydraulic blasting technology, the explosive water bag is easy to damage in the process of tamping by a gun rod, and the explosive and the water bag are not provided with a fixing device in a gun barrel, so that the phenomenon of sliding of the explosive and the water bag can occur frequently, and meanwhile, the position is difficult to control and adjust after the explosive and the water bag are installed, so that the blasting effect is influenced. This problem is even more pronounced for inclined blastholes. Therefore, the traditional blasting mode has the problems of complex process, difficult operation, long processing time of blasting procedures, low construction efficiency, high working intensity of constructors and the like, and the potential safety hazard of blasting is also more prominent.
In addition, because the blast hole is circular, simultaneously, the energy after explosion is evenly released all around along the blast hole in theory, and in traditional blasting technique, the accurate control of the release direction of the blasting energy can not be carried out. In many cases, the direction of energy release must be controlled, for example, when the contour line is generated by blasting around the tunnel, the energy released from the side of the slope is reduced to protect the top and side of the step during blasting of the open-air step.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the limit adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and the installation method thereof, the prefabricated blasting tube is easy to be assembled, the field installation process is convenient and fast, the blasting efficiency is high, the safety coefficient is good, meanwhile, the situation that the explosive slips can be avoided, the blasting effect can be ensured, and the accurate control of the blasting energy release direction can be realized; the method has the advantages of simple steps, easy operation, good environmental protection performance, flexible assembly process and low labor intensity of constructors, is beneficial to realizing batch manufacturing of the blasting tubes, and can be beneficial to improving the blasting effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a limit adjustable prefabricated blasting tube, which comprises a prefabricated blasting tube, a limit ring, a conical cover, a cage-shaped plugging cover, cylindrical explosive, plugging stemming, a detonator, a detonating tube and a detonating cord;
the prefabricated blasting tube consists of an upper semicircular tube and a lower semicircular tube;
the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube is in buckled connection with the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube through a buckle assembly;
a plurality of limit grooves are formed in the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube in a spreading manner along the length direction, external threads A are formed on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube, and external threads B are formed on the outer side of the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube; a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves are formed in the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the prefabricated blasting tube along the length direction;
the size of the limiting ring is matched with the size of the limiting groove;
the front closed end of the conical cover is of a pointed structure, the inner side of the rear open end of the conical cover is provided with an internal thread A, and the conical cover is assembled on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit;
the cage-shaped plugging cover is of a cylinder structure, a plurality of hollow holes are formed in the middle of the cylinder body in the circumferential direction, an internal thread B is formed in the inner side of the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover, the cage-shaped plugging cover is assembled outside the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit manner, and the rear end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is of an open structure;
the multi-section cylindrical explosive is arranged at intervals, each section of cylindrical explosive is arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in a limiting mode through a pair of limiting rings positioned at two ends of the cylindrical explosive, and the limiting rings are embedded in limiting grooves at corresponding positions;
the plugging stemming is filled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover;
the detonator is fixed at the center of a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end;
the detonating tube 15 and the detonating cord 14 are arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in parallel, are embedded at the edges of the multi-section cylindrical explosive 10 along the axial direction, and are tightly connected with each section of cylindrical explosive 10, wherein the front end of the detonating tube 15 is connected with the detonator 11.
Further, in order to be capable of conveniently extruding the plugging stemming after the blasting tube is assembled into the blasthole so that the plugging stemming can escape and be attached to the rock wall, the device further comprises a piston and a push rod; the piston is positioned at the rear side of the plugging stemming and is slidably assembled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover; the front end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the center of the rear end of the piston. Because the rear end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is of an open structure, after the piston is utilized to finish extrusion operation of plugging foam mud, the piston can be moved out of the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover by the push rod, so that the piston and the push rod can be repeatedly utilized in the subsequent operation process, and further the production cost can be effectively reduced.
Further, in order to ensure stable and reliable connection between the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube, the buckle assembly is composed of a plurality of pairs of upper buckles which are fixedly connected relatively on the length direction of the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube and a plurality of pairs of lower buckles which are fixedly connected relatively on the length direction of the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube, the outer sides of the upper buckles are provided with grooves, the inner sides of the lower buckles are provided with convex blocks, the lower buckles are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the upper buckles, and the lower buckles are connected through mutual buckling of the convex blocks and the grooves.
Preferably, the cylindrical explosive is an emulsion explosive.
Further, in order to enable the extruded plugging stemming to be in contact with the rock wall more fully, so that a better sealing effect is achieved, the length directions of the hollowed-out holes extend along the axial direction.
Further, in order to make the flexibility of the prefabricated blasting tube better, and at the same time, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost thereof and to enable the transportation process to be more convenient, the prefabricated blasting tube is a plastic tube.
In the invention, the prefabricated blasting tube consists of the upper semi-circular tube and the lower semi-circular tube which are mutually buckled, thereby being convenient for the assembling process of the explosive and being convenient for the readjusting process after the assembling. The front end of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with the external thread A, the inner side of the opening end of the conical cover is provided with the internal thread A, the conical cover is sleeved at the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, the conical cover can be utilized to strengthen the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by split assembly in the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be sealed, so that the impact effect after explosion is improved; the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with the external thread B, the inner side of the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is provided with the internal thread B, the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is sleeved at the outer end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, the cage-shaped plugging cover can be utilized to strengthen the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by split assembly in the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be conveniently sealed after the stemming is assembled, so that the whole blasting tube can achieve a sealing effect, and the impact effect after explosion can be further improved; therefore, the conical cover and the cage-shaped plugging cover are sleeved at the front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube, so that the situation that the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube are separated in the using process of the blasting tube can be avoided, the front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be sealed, and the explosion effect in the working process can be effectively ensured; the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with a plurality of limit grooves, and a limit ring can be conveniently embedded in a designated position according to the requirement, so that the assembled explosive can be limited and fixed, and the position can be randomly adjusted; make the both ends of cylindrical explosive carry out spacing fixedly through a pair of spacing ring, can be convenient fix the explosive of placing, and then can effectively avoid the explosive to take place the phenomenon that slides when the assembly or in the transportation has been assembled, be favorable to improving the utilization efficiency of explosive, thereby can ensure that the blasting pipe has better blasting effect in the in-service use, and can ensure that the factor of safety of detonating process is higher, especially to the slope blasthole, it is more showing to the spacing effect of explosive through a pair of spacing ring. Through having seted up many pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves along length direction on the relative both sides inner wall of prefabricated blasting tube, can carry out accurate control to the release direction of blasting energy, and then can realize directional blasting, effectively improved the explosion effect of explosive to can satisfy more accurate blasting demand. Assembling detonators in a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end, and connecting a plurality of sections of cylindrical explosive by utilizing a detonating tube and a detonating cord which are arranged in parallel, so that each section of cylindrical explosive can be ensured to be detonated stably and reliably, and the blasting effect of the blasting tube can be ensured; through the setting of piston and push rod, can utilize the push rod to promote the piston and advance in cage shutoff lid when using, and then can extrude the shutoff stemming of preassembling in wherein by the fretwork hole and closely connect with the rock wall of big gun hole, like this, the installation operation of just can be convenient realization prefabricated blasting tube.
The blasting tube can finish preassembly work in a good construction environment before blasting operation, so that workers can place explosives at specified positions in advance according to engineering requirements, complex procedures of on-site installation of the traditional blasting tube are omitted, and the construction environment is tidier and more friendly. Meanwhile, the explosive in the blasting tube can be conveniently limited and fixed, and the adjustment of any installation position can be realized, so that the assembling process of the explosive is simpler, the explosive loading and blasting process is more flexible, the situation of explosive slippage can be effectively avoided, the expected blasting effect is easy to achieve, and the blasting tube has the characteristics of convenient disassembly, convenient transportation and carrying, directional blasting, low manufacturing cost, good practicability, high safety coefficient, good explosive fixing performance and random position adjustment, the operation process of the blasting is simpler and more reliable, the blasting efficiency is improved, the blasting tube can be used for blasting of various forms, and the application scope is wide, and the blasting tube can be produced and used in a large scale.
The invention also provides a method for installing the spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube, which comprises the following steps:
step one: pre-assembling the blasting tube at a construction environment-friendly place;
s10: firstly, a plurality of semicircular limiting grooves are continuously formed on the opposite inner side walls of the upper semicircular pipe and the lower semicircular pipe along the length direction, and when the upper semicircular pipe and the lower semicircular pipe are assembled to form a prefabricated blasting pipe, the two opposite semicircular limiting grooves are formed into circular limiting grooves; a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves are respectively formed on the opposite inner side walls of the upper semicircular pipe and the lower semicircular pipe, and the pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves extend along the same direction;
s11: a plurality of pairs of limiting rings are embedded in the lower semicircular tube according to the number of the pre-installed cylindrical explosives and the preset installation positions;
s12: the detonating cord and the detonating tube are laid in parallel on the inner side of the lower semicircular tube, and sequentially penetrate through the inner parts of the plurality of pairs of limiting rings;
s13: installing cylindrical explosive between a pair of corresponding limiting rings according to a preset position, and extruding the detonating cord and the detonating tube to the edge close to the limiting rings; meanwhile, installing a detonator in the center of a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end;
s14: the upper semicircular pipe and the lower semicircular pipe are mutually buckled to form a prefabricated blasting pipe, and the limit ring is ensured to be embedded in a limit groove in the blasting pipe;
s15: firstly, connecting the front opening end of a cage-shaped plugging cover to the rear end of a prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, then filling stemming into the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover, and then assembling a piston fixedly connected with the stemming into the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover by utilizing a push rod;
s16: the rear opening end of the conical cover is connected to the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, so that the blasting tube is assembled;
step two: performing field blasting installation operation;
s20: finishing the drilling operation of the blast hole on the blasting site;
s21, transporting the assembled blasting tube to a blasting site and placing the blasting tube into a blast hole, wherein one end of a cage-shaped plugging cover faces outwards;
s22: the push rod is utilized to push the piston to move towards the direction close to the prefabricated blasting tube until the plugging stemming escapes from the hollowed-out hole and is attached to the rock wall, so that the effect of full sealing is achieved.
In order to meet the blasting requirements of different working conditions, in S11, the number of cylindrical explosives and the preset installation positions are determined according to the functions of the blastholes.
In order to enable the push rod and the piston to be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, so as to reduce the manufacturing cost, in the step S22, after the stemming 9 is plugged and escaped from the hollowed-out hole 19 and is attached to the rock wall, the push rod 18 is utilized to drive the piston 6 to be separated from the cage-shaped plugging cover 4.
In the method, the directional release of the blasting energy can be realized through the opening of a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves, so that the directional blasting function can be realized; utilize to the matched with spacing ring inlay locate circular shape spacing groove to carry out the fixed position to cylindrical explosive, can make the assembly process of cylindrical explosive more convenient nimble, and the position is adjustable wantonly, simultaneously, can effectively avoid the phenomenon that cylindrical explosive takes place to slide in transportation and installation, like this, can ensure blasting operation and reach expected blasting effect, and be favorable to improving the factor of safety of initiating the process. The front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by assembly are respectively sleeved with the conical cover and the cage-shaped plugging cover, and meanwhile, plugging medicine mud is assembled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover, so that the whole blasting tube achieves a closed effect, and the impact force in the blasting process is improved. When the explosion site is installed, the piston is pushed by the push rod to extrude and seal the medicine mud, and the medicine mud can escape from the hollow hole and be attached to the rock wall, so that a good sealing effect can be achieved between the explosion tube and the blast hole during the installation, and the explosion effect can be effectively ensured. The detonator is assembled in a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end, and the detonating tube and the detonating cord which are arranged in parallel are used for connecting a plurality of sections of cylindrical explosive, so that each section of cylindrical explosive can be ensured to be detonated stably and reliably, and the blasting effect of the blasting tube can be ensured. The method can perform the pre-assembly work of the blasting pipe in a good construction environment before the blasting operation, and then transport the blasting pipe to the site for installation during the blasting operation, and has the advantages of simple assembly and installation steps, good environmental protection performance, high blasting efficiency, good safety coefficient, easy operation, contribution to realizing batch manufacturing of the blasting pipe and remarkable improvement of the assembly efficiency of the blasting pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a split structure of the present invention when not filled;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the split state of the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the snap-fit state of the upper and lower snaps of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention after filling;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a stop collar according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper semicircular tube; 2. a lower semicircular tube; 3. a lower buckle; 4. a cage-shaped plugging cover; 5. a conical cover; 6. a piston; 7. a limit groove; 8. a focused blasting tank; 9. plugging stemming; 10. a cylindrical explosive; 11. a detonator; 12. a limiting ring; 13. a water bag; 14. detonating cord; 15. detonating tube; 16. an upper buckle; 17. an internal thread B; 18. a push rod; 19. a hollowed hole; 20. an external thread A; 21. an external thread B; 22. and an internal thread A.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the invention provides a prefabricated blasting tube with adjustable limit, which comprises a prefabricated blasting tube, a limit ring 12, a conical cover 5, a cage-shaped plugging cover 4, cylindrical explosive 10, plugging stemming 9, a detonator 11, a detonating tube 15 and a detonating cord 14;
the prefabricated blasting tube consists of an upper semicircular tube 1 and a lower semicircular tube 2, and the cross section diameter of the prefabricated blasting tube is slightly smaller than the diameter of a blasthole or a blasthole drilled on a construction site, so that the on-site installation operation is facilitated;
the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube 1 is in buckled connection with the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube 2 through a buckle assembly;
a plurality of limit grooves 7 are formed in the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube in a spreading manner along the length direction, external threads A20 are formed on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube, and external threads B21 are formed on the outer side of the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube; a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves 8 are formed in the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the prefabricated blasting tube along the length direction; preferably, the energy-gathering blasting groove 8 is a through groove penetrating through the wall of the prefabricated blasting tube, so that the energy-gathering blasting effect can be effectively improved.
The size of the limiting ring 12 is matched with the size of the limiting groove 7;
the front closed end of the conical cover 5 is of a pointed structure, the inner side of the rear open end of the conical cover is provided with an internal thread A22, and the conical cover is assembled on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit;
the cage-shaped plugging cover 4 is of a cylinder structure, a plurality of hollow holes 19 are formed in the middle of the cylinder body in a circumferential direction, internal threads B17 are formed in the inner side of the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover, the cage-shaped plugging cover is assembled outside the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, and the rear end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is of an open structure;
the multi-section cylindrical explosive 10 is arranged at intervals, each section of cylindrical explosive 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in a limiting way through a pair of limiting rings 12 positioned at two ends of the cylindrical explosive 10, and the limiting rings 12 are embedded in limiting grooves 7 at corresponding positions; after the limiting ring 12 is embedded into the limiting groove 7, the inner circular surface of the limiting ring is positioned at the inner side of the inner circular surface of the prefabricated blasting tube, so that the effect of limiting and fixing the cylindrical explosive 10 can be effectively achieved;
the plugging stemming 9 is filled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4;
the detonator 11 is fixed at the center of the front section of cylindrical explosive 10;
the detonating tube 15 and the detonating cord 14 are arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in parallel, are embedded at the edges of the multi-section cylindrical explosive 10 along the axial direction, and are tightly connected with each section of cylindrical explosive 10, wherein the front end of the detonating tube 15 is connected with the detonator 11.
Preferably, in a specific working condition, a water bag 13 can be used to replace a certain section of cylindrical explosive 10, when the water bag 13 is arranged, the water bag 13 is also installed in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in a limiting mode through a pair of limiting rings 12 positioned at two ends of the water bag, and the limiting rings 12 are embedded in limiting grooves 7 at corresponding positions. After being embedded into the limiting groove 7, the inner circular surface of the limiting ring 12 is positioned at the inner side of the inner circular surface of the prefabricated blasting tube, so that the effect of limiting and fixing the water bag 13 can be effectively achieved. The two ends of the water bag are limited and fixed through the pair of limiting rings, the water bag can be placed more conveniently, the phenomenon that the water bag slides when being assembled or in the transportation process can be effectively avoided, the effect of the water bag is improved, the higher safety coefficient of the detonation process can be ensured, and particularly, for inclined blast holes, the limiting effect of the water bag through the pair of limiting rings is more remarkable. Due to the arrangement of the water bag, when in blasting, water in the water bag can be combined with a large amount of blasting particles and dust generated during blasting, so that the amount of dust generated during blasting is reduced, the impact force of the blasting particles can be buffered, the noise generated during blasting can be reduced, and the safe operation of blasting can be ensured.
In order to conveniently squeeze the plugging stemming after the blasting tube is assembled into the blasthole so that the plugging stemming can escape and be attached to the rock wall, the device further comprises a piston 6 and a push rod 18; the piston 6 is positioned at the rear side of the plugging stemming 9 and is slidably assembled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4; the front end of the push rod 18 is fixedly connected with the center of the rear end of the piston 6. Because the rear end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is of an open structure, after the piston is utilized to finish extrusion operation of plugging foam mud, the piston can be moved out of the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover by the push rod, so that the piston and the push rod can be repeatedly utilized in the subsequent operation process, and further the production cost can be effectively reduced. As a preferable mode, the push rod and the piston are of an integrated structure, so that the assembly process of the push rod and the piston can be reduced, and the synchronous recycling process can be realized conveniently.
In order to ensure stable and reliable connection between the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube, the buckle assembly is composed of a plurality of pairs of upper buckles 16 which are fixedly connected relatively in the length direction of the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube 1 and a plurality of pairs of lower buckles 3 which are fixedly connected relatively in the length direction of the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube 2, grooves are formed in the outer sides of the upper buckles 16, protruding blocks are arranged on the inner sides of the lower buckles 3, the lower buckles 3 and the upper buckles 16 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the buckle assemblies are connected through mutual buckling of the protruding blocks and the grooves.
Preferably, the cylindrical explosive 10 is an emulsion explosive.
In order to enable the extruded plugging stemming to be in contact with the rock wall more fully so as to achieve a better sealing effect, the length directions of the hollowed holes 19 extend along the axial direction.
In order to make the flexibility of the prefabricated blasting tube better, and simultaneously, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the prefabricated blasting tube and make the transportation process more convenient, the prefabricated blasting tube is a plastic tube.
In the invention, the prefabricated blasting tube consists of the upper semi-circular tube and the lower semi-circular tube which are mutually buckled, thereby being convenient for the assembling process of the explosive and being convenient for the readjusting process after the assembling. The front end of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with the external thread A, the inner side of the opening end of the conical cover is provided with the internal thread A, the conical cover is sleeved at the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, the conical cover can be utilized to strengthen the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by split assembly in the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be sealed, so that the impact effect after explosion is improved; the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with the external thread B, the inner side of the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is provided with the internal thread B, the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is sleeved at the outer end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, the cage-shaped plugging cover can be utilized to strengthen the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by split assembly in the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be conveniently sealed after the stemming is assembled, so that the whole blasting tube can achieve a sealing effect, and the impact effect after explosion can be further improved; therefore, the conical cover and the cage-shaped plugging cover are sleeved at the front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube, so that the situation that the upper semicircular tube and the lower semicircular tube are separated in the using process of the blasting tube can be avoided, the front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube can be sealed, and the explosion effect in the working process can be effectively ensured; the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube is provided with a plurality of limit grooves, and a limit ring can be conveniently embedded in a designated position according to the requirement, so that the assembled explosive can be limited and fixed, and the position can be randomly adjusted; make the both ends of cylindrical explosive carry out spacing fixedly through a pair of spacing ring, can be convenient fix the explosive of placing, and then can effectively avoid the explosive to take place the phenomenon that slides when the assembly or in the transportation has been assembled, be favorable to improving the utilization efficiency of explosive, thereby can ensure that the blasting pipe has better blasting effect in the in-service use, and can ensure that the factor of safety of detonating process is higher, especially to the slope blasthole, it is more showing to the spacing effect of explosive through a pair of spacing ring. Through having seted up many pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves along length direction on the relative both sides inner wall of prefabricated blasting tube, can carry out accurate control to the release direction of blasting energy, and then can realize directional blasting, effectively improved the explosion effect of explosive to can satisfy more accurate blasting demand. The detonator is assembled in a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end, and the detonating tube and the detonating cord which are arranged in parallel are used for connecting a plurality of sections of cylindrical explosive, so that each section of cylindrical explosive can be ensured to be detonated stably and reliably, and the blasting effect of the blasting tube can be ensured. Through the setting of piston and push rod, can utilize the push rod to promote the piston and advance in cage shutoff lid when using, and then can extrude the shutoff stemming of preassembling in wherein by the fretwork hole and closely connect with the rock wall of big gun hole, like this, the installation operation of just can be convenient realization prefabricated blasting tube.
The blasting tube can finish preassembly work in a good construction environment before blasting operation, so that workers can place explosives at specified positions in advance according to engineering requirements, complex procedures of on-site installation of the traditional blasting tube are omitted, and the construction environment is tidier and more friendly. Meanwhile, the explosive in the blasting tube can be conveniently limited and fixed, and the adjustment of any installation position can be realized, so that the assembling process of the explosive is simpler, the explosive loading and blasting process is more flexible, the situation of explosive slippage can be effectively avoided, the expected blasting effect is easy to achieve, and the blasting tube has the characteristics of convenient disassembly, convenient transportation and carrying, directional blasting, low manufacturing cost, good practicability, high safety coefficient, good explosive fixing performance and random position adjustment, the operation process of the blasting is simpler and more reliable, the blasting efficiency is improved, the blasting tube can be used for blasting of various forms, and the application scope is wide, and the blasting tube can be produced and used in a large scale.
The invention also provides a method for installing the spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube, which comprises the following steps:
step one: pre-assembling the blasting tube at a construction environment-friendly place;
s10: firstly, a plurality of semicircular limiting grooves are continuously formed on opposite inner side walls of an upper semicircular pipe 1 and a lower semicircular pipe 2 along the length direction, and when the upper semicircular pipe 1 and the lower semicircular pipe 2 are assembled to form a prefabricated blasting pipe, the two opposite semicircular limiting grooves form a circular limiting groove 7; a plurality of pairs of energy-gathering blasting grooves 8 are respectively formed on the opposite inner side walls of the upper semicircular tube 1 and the lower semicircular tube 2, and the pairs of energy-gathering blasting grooves 8 extend along the same direction;
s11: a plurality of pairs of limiting rings 12 are embedded in the lower semicircular tube 2 according to the number of the pre-installed cylindrical explosives 10 and the preset installation positions;
s12: the detonating cord 14 and the detonating tube 15 are laid in parallel on the inner side of the lower semicircular tube 2, and the detonating cord 14 and the detonating tube 15 sequentially penetrate into the plurality of pairs of limiting rings 12;
s13: installing the cylindrical explosive 10 between a corresponding pair of limiting rings 12 according to a preset position, and extruding the detonating cord 14 and the detonating tube 15 to be close to the edges of the limiting rings 12; meanwhile, a detonator 11 is arranged in the center of a section of cylindrical explosive 10 near the front end;
preferably, in a specific working condition, a water bag 13 may be used to replace a section of cylindrical explosive 10, and when the water bag 13 is provided, the water bag 13 also presses the detonating tube 15 and the detonating tube 15 near the edge of the limiting ring 12.
S14: the upper semicircular tube 1 and the lower semicircular tube 2 are mutually buckled to form a prefabricated blasting tube, and the limit ring 12 is ensured to be embedded in the limit groove 7;
s15: firstly, connecting the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4 to the rear end of a prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, filling plugging stemming 9 into the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4, and then assembling a piston 6 fixedly connected with the plugging stemming 9 into the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4 by utilizing a push rod 18;
s16: the rear opening end of the conical cover 5 is connected to the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, so that the blasting tube assembling operation is completed;
step two: performing field blasting installation operation;
s20: finishing the drilling operation of the blast hole on the blasting site;
s21, transporting the assembled blasting tube to a blasting site and placing the blasting tube into a blast hole, wherein one end of the cage-shaped plugging cover 4 faces outwards;
s22: the piston 6 is pushed by the push rod 18 to move towards the direction close to the prefabricated blasting tube until the plugging stemming 9 escapes from the hollowed-out hole 19 and is attached to the rock wall, so that the effect of full sealing is achieved.
In order to meet the blasting requirements of different working conditions, in S11, the number of cylindrical explosive 10 and water bags 13 and the predetermined installation positions are determined according to the functions of the blastholes.
During blasting, the detonator 11 is detonated by the detonating tube 15, and then the cylindrical explosive 10 is detonated, so that blasting operation can be realized.
In order to enable the push rod and the piston to be repeatedly used for a plurality of times, so as to reduce the manufacturing cost, in the step S22, after the stemming 9 is plugged and escaped from the hollowed-out hole 19 and is attached to the rock wall, the push rod 18 is utilized to drive the piston 6 to be separated from the cage-shaped plugging cover 4.
In the method, the directional release of the blasting energy can be realized through the opening of a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves, so that the directional blasting function can be realized; utilize to the matched with spacing ring inlay locate circular shape spacing groove to carry out the fixed position to cylindrical explosive, can make the assembly process of cylindrical explosive more convenient nimble, and the position is adjustable wantonly, simultaneously, can effectively avoid the phenomenon that cylindrical explosive takes place to slide in transportation and installation, like this, can ensure blasting operation and reach expected blasting effect, and be favorable to improving the factor of safety of initiating the process. The front end and the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube formed by assembly are respectively sleeved with the conical cover and the cage-shaped plugging cover, and meanwhile, plugging medicine mud is assembled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover, so that the whole blasting tube achieves a closed effect, and the impact force in the blasting process is improved. When the explosion site is installed, the piston is pushed by the push rod to extrude and seal the medicine mud, and the medicine mud can escape from the hollow hole and be attached to the rock wall, so that a good sealing effect can be achieved between the explosion tube and the blast hole during the installation, and the explosion effect can be effectively ensured. The detonator is assembled in a section of cylindrical explosive near the front end, and the detonating tube and the detonating cord which are arranged in parallel are used for connecting a plurality of sections of cylindrical explosive, so that each section of cylindrical explosive can be ensured to be detonated stably and reliably, and the blasting effect of the blasting tube can be ensured. The method can perform the pre-assembly work of the blasting pipe in a good construction environment before the blasting operation, and then transport the blasting pipe to the site for installation during the blasting operation, and has the advantages of simple assembly and installation steps, good environmental protection performance, high blasting efficiency, good safety coefficient, easy operation, contribution to realizing batch manufacturing of the blasting pipe and remarkable improvement of the assembly efficiency of the blasting pipe.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube, includes prefabricated blasting tube, prefabricated blasting tube comprises last semicircle pipe (1) and lower semicircle pipe (2), and its characterized in that still includes spacing ring (12), conical cover (5), cage shutoff lid (4), cylindrical explosive (10), shutoff stemming (9), detonator (11), blasting tube (15) and detonating cord (14);
the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube (1) is connected with the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube (2) in a buckled manner through a buckle component;
a plurality of limit grooves (7) are formed in the inner side wall of the prefabricated blasting tube in a spreading manner along the length direction, external threads A (20) are formed on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube, and external threads B (21) are formed on the outer side of the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube; a plurality of pairs of energy gathering blasting grooves (8) are formed in the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the prefabricated blasting tube along the length direction;
the size of the limiting ring (12) is matched with the size of the limiting groove (7);
the front closed end of the conical cover (5) is of a pointed structure, the inner side of the rear open end of the conical cover is provided with an internal thread A (22), and the conical cover is assembled on the outer side of the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit;
the cage-shaped plugging cover (4) is of a cylinder structure, a plurality of hollow holes (19) are formed in the middle of the cylinder body in a circumferential direction, internal threads B (17) are formed in the inner side of the front opening end of the cage-shaped plugging cover, the cage-shaped plugging cover is assembled outside the rear end of the prefabricated blasting tube through threaded fit, and the rear end of the cage-shaped plugging cover is of an open structure;
the multi-section cylindrical explosive (10) is arranged at intervals, each section of cylindrical explosive (10) is arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in a limiting mode through a pair of limiting rings (12) positioned at two ends of the cylindrical explosive, and the limiting rings (12) are embedded in limiting grooves (7) at corresponding positions;
the plugging stemming (9) is filled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover (4);
the detonator (11) is fixed at the center of the front section of cylindrical explosive (10);
the detonating tube (15) and the detonating cord (14) are arranged in the inner cavity of the prefabricated blasting tube in parallel, are embedded at the edges of the multi-section cylindrical explosive (10) along the axial direction, and are tightly connected with each section of cylindrical explosive (10), wherein the front end of the detonating tube (15) is connected with the detonator (11).
2. A prefabricated blasting tube with adjustable spacing according to claim 1, further comprising a piston (6) and a push rod (18); the piston (6) is positioned at the rear side of the plugging stemming (9) and is slidably assembled in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover (4); the front end of the push rod (18) is fixedly connected with the center of the rear end of the piston (6).
3. The spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube of claim 1 or 2, wherein the buckle component comprises a plurality of pairs of upper buckles (16) which are fixedly connected in the length direction of the lower opening end of the upper semicircular tube (1) in a relative manner and a plurality of pairs of lower buckles (3) which are fixedly connected in the length direction of the upper opening end of the lower semicircular tube (2) in a relative manner, the outer side of the upper buckles (16) is provided with grooves, the inner side of the lower buckles (3) is provided with convex blocks, the lower buckles (3) and the upper buckles (16) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower buckles are mutually buckled and connected through the convex blocks and the grooves.
4. A prefabricated blasting tube with adjustable spacing according to claim 3, wherein the cylindrical explosive (10) is an emulsion explosive.
5. A prefabricated blasting tube with adjustable spacing according to claim 4, wherein the hollowed-out holes (19) are each elongated in the axial direction.
6. A prefabricated blasting tube of adjustable spacing according to claim 5, wherein said tube is a plastic tube.
7. The method for installing the prefabricated blasting tube with the adjustable limiting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: pre-assembling the blasting tube at a construction environment-friendly place;
s10: firstly, a plurality of semicircular limiting grooves are continuously formed on opposite inner side walls of an upper semicircular pipe (1) and a lower semicircular pipe (2) along the length direction, and when the upper semicircular pipe (1) and the lower semicircular pipe (2) are assembled to form a prefabricated blasting pipe, the two opposite semicircular limiting grooves form a circular limiting groove (7); a plurality of pairs of energy-gathering blasting grooves (8) are respectively formed on the opposite inner side walls of the upper semicircular tube (1) and the lower semicircular tube (2), and the pairs of energy-gathering blasting grooves (8) extend along the same direction;
s11: a plurality of pairs of limiting rings (12) are embedded in the lower semicircular tube (2) according to the number of the pre-installed cylindrical explosives (10) and the preset installation positions;
s12: the detonating cord (14) and the detonating tube (15) are laid on the inner side of the lower semicircular tube (2) in parallel, and the detonating cord (14) and the detonating tube (15) are sequentially penetrated into the plurality of pairs of limiting rings (12);
s13: installing a cylindrical explosive (10) between a pair of corresponding limiting rings (12) according to a preset position, and extruding a detonating cord (14) and a detonating tube (15) to be close to the edge of the limiting rings (12); meanwhile, a detonator (11) is arranged at the center of a section of cylindrical explosive (10) near the front end;
s14: the upper semicircular tube (1) and the lower semicircular tube (2) are mutually buckled to form a prefabricated blasting tube, and a limiting ring (12) is ensured to be embedded in a limiting groove (7) in the blasting tube;
s15: firstly, connecting the front opening end of a cage-shaped plugging cover (4) to the rear end of a prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, filling plugging stemming (9) in the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover (4), and then assembling a piston (6) fixedly connected with the plugging stemming into the inner cavity of the cage-shaped plugging cover (4) by utilizing a push rod (18);
s16: the rear opening end of the conical cover (5) is connected to the front end of the prefabricated blasting tube in a threaded fit mode, so that the blasting tube is assembled;
step two: performing field blasting installation operation;
s20: finishing the drilling operation of the blast hole on the blasting site;
s21, transporting the assembled blasting tube to a blasting site and placing the blasting tube into a blast hole, wherein one end of a cage-shaped plugging cover (4) faces outwards;
s22: the piston (6) is pushed by the push rod (18) to move towards the direction close to the prefabricated blasting tube until the plugging stemming (9) escapes from the hollowed-out hole (19) and is attached to the rock wall, so that the effect of full sealing is achieved.
8. A method of installing a prefabricated pipe according to claim 7, wherein in S11 the number of cylindrical explosives (10) to be installed and the predetermined installation location are determined according to the function of the blastholes.
9. The method for installing the spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube according to claim 8, wherein in the step S22, after the stemming (9) is plugged out of the hollowed-out hole (19) and is attached to the rock wall, the piston (6) is driven by the push rod (18) to be separated from the cage-shaped plugging cover (4).
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| CN202310166828.3A CN116045737A (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and installation method thereof |
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| CN202310166828.3A CN116045737A (en) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Spacing adjustable prefabricated blasting tube and installation method thereof |
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