CN116044393A - Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine - Google Patents

Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116044393A
CN116044393A CN202310115866.6A CN202310115866A CN116044393A CN 116044393 A CN116044393 A CN 116044393A CN 202310115866 A CN202310115866 A CN 202310115866A CN 116044393 A CN116044393 A CN 116044393A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil cylinder
longitudinal
anchoring
top beam
cylinder
Prior art date
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CN202310115866.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王贯东
韩承建
张长虎
董升平
滕战友
张开国
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Shandong Dong'an Cloud Mining Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Dong'an Cloud Mining Technology Co ltd
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Application filed by Shandong Dong'an Cloud Mining Technology Co ltd filed Critical Shandong Dong'an Cloud Mining Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202310115866.6A priority Critical patent/CN116044393A/en
Publication of CN116044393A publication Critical patent/CN116044393A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/66—Machines for making slits with additional arrangements for drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/0409—Aligning or guiding means for the supports or for the constitutive parts of the supports

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchor protection device and an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, wherein a top beam in the anchor protection device can be lifted and lowered to be adjusted, and can be arranged against a longitudinal telescopic mechanism under the action of a top beam lifting mechanism before a heading machine enters a roadway, so that the overall structure height of the anchor protection device in an initial state or a non-construction state can be ensured to be at a minimum value, and the anchor protection device is prevented from occupying excessive space above the heading machine. The anchoring device is simple and compact in overall structure, adjustable in overall structure height, and compared with an existing anchoring integrated machine, the thickness of the overall structure is reduced, stability, flexibility and applicability of the anchoring device during construction are improved, and the problems that the existing anchoring device is large in structure height and incompressible, and then occupies a larger space above a heading machine after being additionally installed, and cannot be applied to a roadway with a lower height are solved. The tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine further reduces the overall height, and can effectively ensure the construction stability of the anchoring and protecting device in the tunneling process.

Description

Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway construction, in particular to an anchor device and an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine.
Background
The anchor device is needed in the coal mine tunnel tunneling process. The anchor device is generally additionally arranged on the heading machine to form an integral machine for tunneling, anchoring and protecting; the temporary support on the anchor device is used for supporting the top of the roadway, the drill arm mechanism is used for anchoring the top wall and the side wall of the roadway, the steel belt placed on the temporary support is anchored on the top wall and the side wall of the roadway by using the anchor rods, the cutting part on the excavator is matched for cutting, the coal mine or rock in front of the roadway is cut off, and the cut materials are transported out by using the transport system, so that tunneling and anchor operation of the roadway are realized.
The existing anchoring device is large in structural height, generally close to one meter, occupies large space above the heading machine after being additionally installed above the heading machine, is difficult to continuously compress, and further enables the overall height of the tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine to be large, and cannot be applied to roadways with low heights.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anchor device and an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, which are used for solving the problems that the prior anchor device has large structural height, occupies larger space above a heading machine after being additionally arranged and cannot be applied to a roadway with lower height.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides an anchor device, comprising:
the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is arranged above the roadway travelling mechanism, and the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism can stretch back and forth along the roadway travelling direction;
the supporting mechanism comprises a top beam lifting mechanism and a top beam for supporting a roadway top plate, the top beam lifting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and is connected with the top beam, and the top beam lifting mechanism is used for driving the top beam to lift so as to enable the top beam to be far away from or close to the longitudinal telescopic mechanism;
the anchoring mechanism comprises a drilling machine adjusting mechanism and a drilling machine, and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and faces away from the top beam; the drilling machine is used for drilling and anchoring the tunnel roof or the side wall, and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is connected with the drilling machine and used for adjusting the position of the drilling machine.
Optionally, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism comprises at least two sections of longitudinal beams which are sequentially arranged along the travelling direction of the roadway, any two adjacent sections of longitudinal beams are connected through a longitudinal beam oil cylinder, and the longitudinal beam oil cylinder is used for driving the longitudinal beams to stretch back and forth; the longitudinal beam at the rearmost end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is arranged above the roadway travelling mechanism, a first cross beam perpendicular to the longitudinal beam is rotatably arranged at the front end of the longitudinal beam at the foremost end, and a first swing oil cylinder for driving the first cross beam to rotate is connected between the first cross beam and the longitudinal beam at the foremost end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism;
the top beam lifting mechanism and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism are both arranged on the first cross beam.
Optionally, the support mechanism further includes a leg mechanism, the leg mechanism including:
the support leg is movably arranged in the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the first end of the support leg is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism to form a first hinge point;
the landing leg oil cylinder is movably arranged in the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, the cylinder body end of the landing leg oil cylinder is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism to form a second hinge point, and the piston rod end of the landing leg oil cylinder is hinged with the second end of the landing leg; the supporting leg oil cylinder is used for driving the supporting leg to swing downwards around the first hinging point so that the second end of the supporting leg is abutted to the roadway travelling mechanism or the roadway ground, and the supporting leg supports the anchoring device.
Optionally, the top beam lifting mechanism includes:
the top beam vertical oil cylinder is arranged perpendicular to the extending and contracting direction of the longitudinal extending and contracting mechanism, one end of the top beam vertical oil cylinder is connected with the first cross beam, the other end of the top beam vertical oil cylinder is hinged with the rear end of the top beam to form a third hinge point, and the top beam vertical oil cylinder is used for driving the top beam to lift;
the top beam inclined connecting oil cylinder is obliquely arranged between the top beam and the first cross beam, one end of the top beam inclined connecting oil cylinder is hinged with the top beam, the other end of the top beam inclined connecting oil cylinder is hinged with the first cross beam, and the top beam inclined connecting oil cylinder is used for driving the top beam to swing up and down around the third hinge point so as to realize pitching adjustment of the top beam.
Optionally, the supporting mechanism further comprises a front cantilever, the front cantilever is hinged to the front end of the top beam and connected with the top beam through a front cantilever oil cylinder, and the front cantilever oil cylinder is used for driving the front cantilever to expand or contract relative to the top beam.
Optionally, the device further comprises a gangue blocking net, when the roadway has a sheet head-on risk, the gangue blocking net is vertically hung at the front end of the front cantilever after being unfolded before anchor operation, and the gangue blocking net is hung at one side of the roadway travelling mechanism when the device is not needed to be used.
Optionally, the drilling machine adjusting mechanism includes:
the second beam is parallel to the first beam, and is connected with the first beam through a first beam oil cylinder, and the first beam oil cylinder is used for driving the second beam to transversely move along the first beam;
the vertical beam is perpendicular to the second cross beam and any longitudinal beam, the top end of the vertical beam is connected with the second cross beam through a second cross beam oil cylinder, and the second cross beam oil cylinder is used for driving the vertical beam to transversely move along the second cross beam;
the lifting base plate is connected with the vertical beam through a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder is arranged in the vertical beam, and the lifting oil cylinder is used for driving the lifting base plate to be opposite to the vertical Liang Shengjiang;
the drilling machine fine tuning assembly comprises a fine tuning oil cylinder and a second swinging oil cylinder, the fine tuning oil cylinder is arranged on the lifting base plate, the second swinging oil cylinder is connected with the fine tuning oil cylinder, the drilling machine is connected with the second swinging oil cylinder, the fine tuning oil cylinder is used for driving the drilling machine to move back and forth, and the second swinging oil cylinder is used for driving the drilling machine to rotate.
Optionally, the roadway travelling mechanism is a heading machine.
The invention also provides an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, which comprises a heading machine and the anchoring and protecting device, wherein the anchoring and protecting device is arranged above the heading machine through a supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism comprises:
the front support oil cylinder is hinged with the heading machine at one end, and is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism at the other end;
and one end of the rear supporting oil cylinder is hinged with the rear end of the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the other end of the rear supporting oil cylinder is hinged with the heading machine.
Optionally, the supporting mechanism further comprises a space link mechanism, and the space link mechanism is connected between the heading machine and the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and positioned between the front supporting oil cylinder and the rear supporting oil cylinder.
Optionally, the supporting mechanism and the anchoring mechanism are respectively provided with two groups.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the anchoring device provided by the invention, the top beam can be lifted and lowered to be adjusted, and can be arranged against the longitudinal telescopic mechanism under the action of the top beam lifting mechanism before the heading machine enters a roadway, so that the overall structure height of the anchoring device in an initial state or a non-construction state can be ensured to be at a minimum value, and the situation that the anchoring device occupies excessive space above the heading machine is avoided. The anchoring device is simple and compact in overall structure, adjustable in overall structure height, and compared with an existing anchoring integrated machine, the thickness of the overall structure is reduced, stability, flexibility and applicability of the anchoring device during construction are improved, and the problems that the existing anchoring device is large in structure height and incompressible, and then occupies a larger space above a heading machine after being additionally installed, and cannot be applied to a roadway with a lower height are solved.
The invention also provides an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine which comprises the anchoring and protecting device. The tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine not only reduces the overall height of the structure through structural improvement of the anchoring and protecting device, but also is arranged on the tunneling machine through the supporting mechanism consisting of the oil cylinders, and when the anchoring and protecting device is in a contracted state, the supporting mechanism can contract the whole anchoring and protecting device against the tunneling machine, so that the overall height of the tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine in an initial state is further reduced. And the supporting mechanism forms multi-point support for the anchor device, so that the construction stability of the anchor device in the tunneling process can be effectively ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an anchor device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a deployed state (the broken line portion in the drawing is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
FIG. 2 is a top view of an expanded state of an anchor device according to an embodiment of the present invention (the dashed line portion of the drawing is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
FIG. 3 is a side view of an anchor device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a deployed state (the dashed line portion of the figure is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
FIG. 4 is a side view of an anchor device according to an embodiment of the present invention in an expanded state without a gangue blocking net (the dashed line portion of the drawing is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
FIG. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the disclosed anchor device in a contracted state (the dashed line in the figure is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
FIG. 6 is a top view of a contracted state of an anchor device according to an embodiment of the present invention (the dashed line in the drawing is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted);
fig. 7 is a rear view of an embodiment of the disclosed anchor device in a contracted state (the broken line portion in the figure is a heading machine on which the anchor device is mounted).
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
100. an anchor device; 200. a heading machine;
1. a rear support cylinder; 2. a front support cylinder; 3. a space linkage mechanism; 4. a first stringer; 5. a first stringer cylinder; 6. a second stringer; 7. a second stringer cylinder; 8. a third stringer; 9. a landing leg oil cylinder; 10. a support leg; 11. a first swing cylinder; 12. a telescoping tube; 13. a top beam vertical cylinder; 14. the top beam is obliquely connected with an oil cylinder; 15. a top beam; 16. a front cantilever cylinder; 17. a front cantilever; 18. a first cross beam; 19. a first beam cylinder; 20. a second cross beam; 21. a second beam cylinder; 22. a vertical beam; 23. a lifting oil cylinder; 24. fine tuning the oil cylinder; 25. a second swing cylinder; 26. a drilling machine; 27. a gangue blocking net.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an anchor device, which solves the problems that the prior anchor device has large structural height, occupies larger space above a heading machine after being additionally installed and cannot be applied to a roadway with lower height.
The invention also aims to provide the digging, anchoring and protecting integrated machine with the anchoring and protecting device.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides an anchor device 100 mainly including a longitudinal telescopic mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and an anchor mechanism. The longitudinal telescopic mechanism is arranged above the roadway travelling mechanism, and the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism can stretch back and forth along the roadway travelling direction; the supporting mechanism comprises a top beam lifting mechanism and a top beam 15 for supporting a roadway top plate, wherein the top beam lifting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and is connected with the top beam 15, and the top beam lifting mechanism is used for driving the top beam 15 to lift so as to enable the top beam 15 to be far away from or close to the longitudinal telescopic mechanism. In general, the top beam 15 is disposed above the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and when the roadway roof is not required to be supported, the top beam 15 can retract under the drive of the top beam lifting mechanism and is abutted against the upper surface of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, so that the overall height of the anchoring device 100 in the initial state or the non-working state can be ensured to be at a minimum value, and the excessive space above the roadway travelling mechanism is avoided. The anchoring mechanism comprises a drilling machine adjusting mechanism and a drilling machine 26, wherein the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and is arranged towards the direction deviating from the top beam 15, the drilling machine 26 is used for drilling and anchoring a tunnel roof or a side wall, and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is connected with the drilling machine 26 and is used for adjusting the position of the drilling machine 26 so that the drilling machine 26 can drill and anchor different positions. In general, the top beam 15 is disposed above the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is disposed below the top beam 15, and in the initial state or the non-working state of the anchoring mechanism, the whole anchoring mechanism is disposed below the top beam 15, so that the anchoring mechanism can be prevented from occupying excessive space above the roadway travelling mechanism.
In this embodiment, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism includes at least two sections of longerons that follow tunnel advancing direction and arrange in proper order, all links to each other through the longeron hydro-cylinder between arbitrary adjacent two sections longerons, and the longeron hydro-cylinder is used for driving the longeron and stretches out and draw back to realize the flexible drive of longitudinal telescopic mechanism front end. As a preferred solution, the longitudinal telescopic mechanism of the present embodiment includes a third-order longitudinal beam, that is, a first longitudinal beam 4, a second longitudinal beam 6 and a third longitudinal beam 8 as shown in fig. 1 and 2, where the second longitudinal beam 6 is slidably mounted above the first longitudinal beam 4 and connected to the first longitudinal beam 4 by a first longitudinal beam cylinder 5, and the first longitudinal beam cylinder 5 is mounted on the upper surface of the first longitudinal beam 4, and a piston rod thereof is connected to the second longitudinal beam 6, so as to drive the second longitudinal beam 6 to extend back and forth relative to the first longitudinal beam 4; correspondingly, the third longitudinal beam 8 is movably nested on the periphery of the second longitudinal beam 6 and is connected with the second longitudinal beam 6 through a second longitudinal beam oil cylinder 7, and the second longitudinal beam oil cylinder 7 can drive the third longitudinal beam 8 to stretch back and forth relative to the second longitudinal beam 6. The first longitudinal beam 4, the second longitudinal beam 6 and the third longitudinal beam 8 form a nested three-rod telescopic structure, in a fully unfolded state, the third longitudinal beam 8, the second longitudinal beam 6 and the first longitudinal beam 4 are sequentially arranged from front to back, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, namely the first longitudinal beam 4, is arranged above a roadway travelling mechanism, a first cross beam 18 perpendicular to the third longitudinal beam 8 is rotatably arranged at the front end of the third longitudinal beam 8 through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is parallel to the third longitudinal beam 8 and perpendicular to the first cross beam 18, a first swinging oil cylinder 11 for driving the first cross beam 18 to rotate (swing) around the rotating shaft is connected between the first cross beam 18 and the third longitudinal beam 8, two ends of the first swinging oil cylinder 11 are respectively connected with the third longitudinal beam 8 and the first cross beam 18, the rotation of the first cross beam 18 can be realized through the expansion and contraction of the first swinging oil cylinder 11, so that the transverse deflection angle of the first cross beam 18 can be adjusted, and the transverse inclination angle of the top beam 15 can be adjusted, when the top beam 15 is in the transverse direction, namely the top plate 15 is flexibly supported on the side of a roadway, and the top plate can be flexibly supported on the side of the roadway. The top beam lifting mechanism and the rig adjustment mechanism described above are both disposed on the first cross beam 18.
Further, the support mechanism also comprises a support leg mechanism, and the support leg mechanism comprises a support leg 10 and a support leg oil cylinder 9. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the supporting leg 10 is movably arranged in the foremost longitudinal beam, namely the third longitudinal beam 8, in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the first end of the supporting leg 10 is hinged with the front end of the third longitudinal beam 8 to form a first hinge point; the supporting leg oil cylinder 9 is movably arranged in the third longitudinal beam 8, the cylinder body end of the supporting leg oil cylinder 9 is hinged with the front end of the third longitudinal beam 8 to form a second hinge point, and the piston rod end of the supporting leg oil cylinder 9 is hinged with the second end of the supporting leg 10. As a preferred scheme, the aforementioned second hinge point is located at the rear of the first hinge point, and when the leg cylinder 9 extends, the leg 10 can be driven to swing out of the third longitudinal beam 8 around the aforementioned first hinge point, so that the second end of the leg 10 is abutted to the roadway travelling mechanism or the roadway ground, the support of the leg 10 to the front end of the anchor device is achieved, and the supporting effect of the top beam 15 on the roadway roof is further ensured. When no support is needed, the leg 10 is retracted by the leg cylinder 9 and driven to swing upwards around the first hinge point until both the leg cylinder 9 and the leg 10 retract into the third longitudinal beam 8. The leg mechanism can be fully retracted into the third longitudinal beam 8 and can swing outwards onto the heading machine cutting part or the roadway floor so as to assist in supporting the mechanism above.
In this embodiment, the top beam lifting mechanism includes a top beam vertical cylinder 13 and a top beam oblique connecting cylinder 14, where the top beam vertical cylinder 13 is arranged perpendicular to the extending direction of the longitudinal extending mechanism, the cylinder end of the top beam vertical cylinder 13 is connected with a first beam 18, the piston rod end of the top beam vertical cylinder 13 is hinged with the rear end of the top beam 15 to form a third hinge point, and the top beam vertical cylinder 13 is used for driving the top beam 15 to lift. The top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder 14 is obliquely arranged between the top beam 15 and the forefront longitudinal beam, namely the third longitudinal beam 8, in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, one end of the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder 14 is hinged with the middle part of the top beam 15, the other end of the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder 14 is hinged with the first cross beam 18, and the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder 14 is used for driving the top beam 15 to swing up and down around the third hinge point so as to realize pitching adjustment of the top beam 15. In actual operation, the end part of the cylinder body of the top beam oblique connecting cylinder 14 is hinged with the middle part of the top beam 15, the end part of the piston cylinder of the top beam oblique connecting cylinder 14 is hinged with the first cross beam 18, the top beam oblique connecting cylinder 14 is used as a fine adjusting cylinder of the top beam 15, and the inclination angle of the top beam 15 in the longitudinal direction can be adjusted according to the shape of a roadway top plate, so that the top beam 15 can be comprehensively attached to the roadway top plate at a corresponding position, and effective support of the roadway top plate is realized.
In this embodiment, the supporting mechanism further includes a front cantilever 17, the front cantilever 17 is located in front of the top beam 15, the rear end of the front cantilever 17 is hinged to the front end of the top beam 15, the front cantilever 17 is connected to the top beam 15 through a front cantilever cylinder 16, the front cantilever cylinder 16 is mounted on the lower surface of the top beam 15, the end of a piston rod of the front cantilever cylinder 16 is connected to the front cantilever 17, when the front cantilever cylinder 16 is at an initial position, the front cantilever 17 is in a contracted state, as shown in fig. 5, at this time, the front cantilever 17 is perpendicular to the top beam 15, and when the piston rod of the front cantilever cylinder 16 extends forward, the front cantilever 17 can be driven to turn forward and spread until the front cantilever 17 is flush with or near flush with the top beam 15, so as to achieve the effect of extending the front end of the top beam 15 by the front cantilever 17, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. When the roadway has a sheet head-on risk, the gangue blocking net 27 can be hung at the front end of the fully-unfolded front cantilever 17 before the anchor operation, and when the roadway does not operate, the gangue blocking net 27 can be taken down from the front end of the front cantilever 17 and hung at one side of the roadway travelling mechanism, and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the gangue blocking net 27 is hung at one side of the roadway travelling mechanism.
In this embodiment, the foregoing drilling machine adjusting mechanism mainly includes a second beam 20, a vertical beam 22, a lifting base plate and a drilling machine fine adjustment assembly, where the second beam 20 is parallel to the first beam 18, the second beam 20 is connected to the first beam 18 through a first beam cylinder 19, and the first beam cylinder 19 is generally mounted on the first beam 18 and is used for driving the second beam 20 to move transversely along the first beam 18; the vertical beam 22 is perpendicular to the second cross beam 20 and any longitudinal beam, the vertical beam 22 is arranged vertically downwards, the top end of the vertical beam 22 is connected with the second cross beam 20 through a second cross beam oil cylinder 21, and the second cross beam oil cylinder 21 is generally arranged on the second cross beam 20 and is used for driving the vertical beam 22 to transversely move along the second cross beam 20. The lifting base plate is arranged parallel to the second cross beam 20, and is connected with the vertical beam 22 through a lifting oil cylinder 23, the lifting oil cylinder 23 is arranged inside the vertical beam 22, and the lifting oil cylinder 23 is used for driving the lifting base plate to lift relative to the vertical beam 22. The drilling machine fine adjustment assembly comprises a fine adjustment oil cylinder 24 and a second swing oil cylinder 25, wherein the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24 is arranged on a lifting base plate, the second swing oil cylinder 25 is connected with the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24, a drilling machine 26 is connected with the second swing oil cylinder 25, the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24 is used for driving the drilling machine 26 to stretch forwards and backwards along the roadway travelling direction, and the second swing oil cylinder 25 is used for driving the drilling machine 26 to rotate so as to realize fine adjustment of the swing angle of the drilling machine 26. The drilling machine adjusting mechanism is mainly used for fine adjustment of up-down, left-right, front-back and swinging of the drilling machine 26, and can be matched with the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and the first swinging oil cylinder 11 to perform multi-angle position adjustment on the drilling machine 26, so that the drilling machine can perform drilling and anchoring operation on the roadway side wall or the roadway top plate with any inclination angle, and the overall use flexibility and the drilling precision of the anchoring device 100 are improved.
In this embodiment, the roadway travelling mechanism is preferably a heading machine, on which a cutting part is generally configured, and as shown in fig. 1, when the leg mechanism is used, the second end of the leg 10 can be supported on the cutting part of the heading machine.
The specific structure and operation of the anchor device 100 according to the present embodiment will be described below by taking an example in which the anchor device 100 is mounted above the heading machine 200.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a rear support cylinder 1, a front support cylinder 2 and a space linkage 3 are mounted on a heading machine 200 and are all connected with a first longitudinal beam 4; a second longitudinal beam 6 is movably arranged on the first longitudinal beam 4, and the second longitudinal beam 6 is pushed to move back and forth by a first longitudinal beam oil cylinder 5 on the first longitudinal beam 4; a third longitudinal beam 8 is movably arranged on the second longitudinal beam 6, and the front and back movement of the third longitudinal beam 8 is realized through a second longitudinal beam oil cylinder 7; the third longitudinal beam 8 is internally provided with a supporting leg oil cylinder 9 and a supporting leg 10, and the supporting leg oil cylinder 9 and the supporting leg 10 can swing downwards to expand or contract to the inside of the third longitudinal beam 8 in a matched mode; the third longitudinal beam 8 and the first longitudinal beam 4 are rotationally connected through a rotating shaft, and the angle swing of the first cross beam 18 is realized through a first swing oil cylinder 11; the first beam 18 and the second beam 20 are connected through a first beam oil cylinder 19, and the first beam oil cylinder 19 stretches and contracts to realize left-right (transverse) movement of the second beam 20 on the first beam 18; the second beam 20 is connected with a vertical beam 22 through a second beam cylinder 21; a lifting oil cylinder 23 is arranged in the vertical beam 22, a lifting bottom plate is connected with the lifting oil cylinder 23, and the lifting bottom plate realizes vertical lifting movement through the lifting oil cylinder 23; the lifting base plate is provided with a fine adjustment oil cylinder 24 and a second swing oil cylinder 25, the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24 is connected with the second swing oil cylinder 25, the second swing oil cylinder 25 is connected with a drilling machine 26, the drilling machine 26 realizes rotary adjustment through the second swing oil cylinder 25, the front and back fine adjustment of the drilling machine 26 is realized through the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24, the left and right (transverse) movement of the drilling machine 26 is realized through the second beam oil cylinder 21 and the first beam oil cylinder 19, and the up and down lifting of the drilling machine 26 is realized through the lifting oil cylinder 23. The use process of the above-mentioned anchor device 100 is as follows:
in an initial shrinkage state (as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7), the rear support cylinder 1 and the front support cylinder 2 are lifted to drive the space link mechanism 3 and the first longitudinal beam 4 to ascend, then the first longitudinal beam cylinder 5 pushes the second longitudinal beam 6 to extend forwards, and then the second longitudinal beam cylinder 7 pushes the third longitudinal beam 8 to extend forwards;
the vertical top beam cylinder 13 and the oblique top beam connecting cylinder 14 extend completely to drive the telescopic sleeve 12 and the top beam 15 to rise, the front supporting cylinder 2 continues to rise to enable the top beam 15 to be temporarily supported, namely, the top beam 15 contacts a roadway top plate, then the supporting leg cylinder 9 extends to drive the supporting leg 10 to swing downwards to prop against a cutting part of the heading machine 200, and the top supporting of the roadway is completed.
The drilling machine 26 realizes left-right (transverse) adjustment through the second beam oil cylinder 21 and the first beam oil cylinder 19, realizes up-down lifting of the drilling machine 26 through the lifting oil cylinder 23, realizes fine adjustment of the drilling machine 26 in the front-rear direction through the fine adjustment oil cylinder 24, realizes rotation adjustment of the first beam 18 through the first swing oil cylinder 11, and then realizes fine adjustment of the angle of the drilling machine 26 by matching with the second swing oil cylinder 25, so that drilling and anchoring operations of the drilling machine 26 on side walls of different positions of a roadway and top plates of different positions can be realized.
After the anchoring is completed, each oil cylinder contracts, the space link mechanism 3 also contracts, the anchoring device is restored to the initial contraction state shown in fig. 5 and 6, at this time, the two groups of drilling machines 26 are respectively positioned at two sides of the heading machine rotary table, and the longitudinal telescopic mechanism integrally retracts to the position right above the heading machine, so that the space utilization rate is high.
In the anchoring device 100 of the embodiment, the top beam can be lifted and lowered to be adjusted, and the top beam is abutted against the upper surface of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism under the action of the top beam lifting mechanism before the heading machine enters a roadway, so that the overall structure height of the anchoring device in an initial state or an unoperated state can be ensured to be at a minimum value, and the situation that the whole structure height occupies too much space above the heading machine is avoided. The anchoring device is simple and compact in overall structure, adjustable in overall structure height, and compared with an existing anchoring integrated machine, the thickness of the overall structure is reduced, stability, flexibility and applicability of the anchoring device during construction are improved, and the problems that the existing anchoring device is large in structure height and incompressible, and then occupies a larger space above a heading machine after being additionally installed, and cannot be applied to a roadway with a lower height are solved.
The anchoring device 100 of the embodiment is an onboard anchoring integrated machine, which can be installed and modified on the premise of not damaging the existing heading machine, so that the existing heading machine has the anchor rod construction and temporary support functions on the basis of the original heading function; the overall structure of the anchoring device is very low in height, only occupies the space which is 400mm above the existing heading machine platform, and has better adaptability to roadways with lower heights.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, the present embodiment proposes an excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, including a heading machine 200 and an anchoring and protecting device 100 as disclosed in embodiment one, the anchoring and protecting device 100 is mounted at the rear end above the heading machine 200 through a supporting mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism includes a front supporting cylinder 2 and a rear supporting cylinder 1, the cylinder end of the front supporting cylinder 2 is hinged with the heading machine 200, and the piston rod end of the front supporting cylinder 2 is hinged with a longitudinal beam at the rearmost end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, namely, the front end of a first longitudinal beam 4; correspondingly, the end part of the cylinder body of the rear support cylinder 1 is hinged with the rear end of the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end, namely the first longitudinal beam 4, in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the end part of the piston rod of the rear support cylinder 1 is hinged with the heading machine 200. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the support mechanism further includes a space linkage 3, and the space linkage 3 is connected between the heading machine 200 and the first longitudinal beam 4 and is located between the front support cylinder 2 and the rear support cylinder 1. The spatial linkage 3 is preferably a four bar linkage that can be deployed with the use of the anchor 100 to support the anchor 100 while being retracted when the anchor 100 is not needed to retract the anchor 100 to its maximum extent proximate the heading machine 200; the main function of the four bar linkage is to provide the first longitudinal beam 4 of the anchor 100 with a high lateral and longitudinal load-bearing capacity by its width and structural strength.
In this embodiment, in order to enhance the anchoring effect of the anchoring device 100 on the roadway during the roadway driving, two groups of supporting mechanisms and anchoring mechanisms are preferably provided. As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, two sets of support mechanisms are mounted at both ends of the first beam 18, respectively. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the two sets of anchoring mechanisms are not fixed in position on the second beam 20, since they can be adjusted laterally along the second beam 20; in general, the two sets of anchoring mechanisms are respectively disposed near two ends of the second beam 20, especially when the anchoring device 100 is integrally retracted, the two sets of anchoring mechanisms are respectively disposed at two ends of the second beam 20, and after the longitudinal telescopic mechanism of the anchoring device 100 is completely retracted, the two sets of anchoring mechanisms are respectively disposed at two sides of the heading machine 200 and downward, so that the heading machine 200 is in the most compact state in width and height before entering a roadway, and the heading-anchoring-integrated machine is beneficial to adapting to the roadway with lower height and narrower width.
The specific structure and the use principle of the anchor device 100 in the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine of the present embodiment are described in detail in the first embodiment, and are not described herein. Considering that the existing anchor protection mechanisms are all installed in a rear mode, namely the anchor protection mechanisms are installed at the position, close to the rear end, of the tunneling machine, and the supporting points are arranged at the rear of the tunneling machine, stability is poor, the anchor protection device 100 of the scheme is installed above the tunneling machine 200 through the retractable supporting mechanisms, and when the anchor protection device 100 is in the retracted state shown in fig. 4 and 5, the supporting mechanisms can retract the whole anchor protection device 100 towards the tunneling machine, so that the whole height of the tunneling, anchoring and protection integrated machine in the initial state is further reduced; the front support cylinder 2 in the support mechanism plays a role in adjusting the height of the top beam 15, meanwhile, the rear support cylinder 1, the front support cylinder 2 and the space link mechanism 3 in the support mechanism form three-point support for the anchor device 100, and when the anchor device 100 is unfolded and used, the support leg mechanism is matched, so that four-point support can be formed for the anchor device 100 in a construction state, and the construction stability of the anchor device 100 is effectively improved.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An anchoring device, comprising:
the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is arranged above the roadway travelling mechanism, and the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism can stretch back and forth along the roadway travelling direction;
the supporting mechanism comprises a top beam lifting mechanism and a top beam for supporting a roadway top plate, the top beam lifting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and is connected with the top beam, and the top beam lifting mechanism is used for driving the top beam to lift so as to enable the top beam to be far away from or close to the longitudinal telescopic mechanism;
the anchoring mechanism comprises a drilling machine adjusting mechanism and a drilling machine, and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism and faces away from the top beam; the drilling machine is used for drilling and anchoring the tunnel roof or the side wall, and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism is connected with the drilling machine and used for adjusting the position of the drilling machine.
2. The anchoring device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal telescopic mechanism comprises at least two longitudinal beams which are sequentially arranged along the travelling direction of the roadway, any two adjacent longitudinal beams are connected through a longitudinal beam oil cylinder, and the longitudinal beam oil cylinder is used for driving the longitudinal beams to stretch back and forth; the longitudinal beam at the rearmost end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism is arranged above the roadway travelling mechanism, a first cross beam perpendicular to the longitudinal beam is rotatably arranged at the front end of the longitudinal beam at the foremost end, and a first swing oil cylinder for driving the first cross beam to rotate is connected between the first cross beam and the longitudinal beam at the foremost end of the longitudinal telescopic mechanism;
the top beam lifting mechanism and the drilling machine adjusting mechanism are both arranged on the first cross beam.
3. The anchor device of claim 2, wherein the support mechanism further comprises a leg mechanism comprising:
the support leg is movably arranged in the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the first end of the support leg is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism to form a first hinge point;
the landing leg oil cylinder is movably arranged in the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, the cylinder body end of the landing leg oil cylinder is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam at the forefront end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism to form a second hinge point, and the piston rod end of the landing leg oil cylinder is hinged with the second end of the landing leg; the supporting leg oil cylinder is used for driving the supporting leg to swing downwards around the first hinging point so that the second end of the supporting leg is abutted to the roadway travelling mechanism or the roadway ground, and the supporting leg supports the anchoring device.
4. The anchor of claim 3, wherein the header lifting mechanism comprises:
the top beam vertical oil cylinder is arranged perpendicular to the extending and contracting direction of the longitudinal extending and contracting mechanism, one end of the top beam vertical oil cylinder is connected with the first cross beam, the other end of the top beam vertical oil cylinder is hinged with the rear end of the top beam to form a third hinge point, and the top beam vertical oil cylinder is used for driving the top beam to lift;
the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder is obliquely arranged between the top beam and the first cross beam, one end of the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder is hinged with the top beam, the other end of the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder is hinged with the first cross beam, and the top beam oblique connecting oil cylinder is used for driving the top beam to swing up and down around the third hinge point so as to realize pitching adjustment of the top beam.
5. The anchor device of claim 4, wherein the support mechanism further comprises a front cantilever, the front cantilever being hinged to the front end of the top beam and connected to the top beam by a front cantilever cylinder, the front cantilever cylinder being configured to drive the front cantilever to expand or contract relative to the top beam.
6. The anchor of claim 3, wherein the rig adjustment mechanism comprises:
the second beam is parallel to the first beam, and is connected with the first beam through a first beam oil cylinder, and the first beam oil cylinder is used for driving the second beam to transversely move along the first beam;
the vertical beam is perpendicular to the second cross beam and any longitudinal beam, the top end of the vertical beam is connected with the second cross beam through a second cross beam oil cylinder, and the second cross beam oil cylinder is used for driving the vertical beam to transversely move along the second cross beam;
the lifting base plate is connected with the vertical beam through a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder is arranged in the vertical beam, and the lifting oil cylinder is used for driving the lifting base plate to be opposite to the vertical Liang Shengjiang;
the drilling machine fine tuning assembly comprises a fine tuning oil cylinder and a second swinging oil cylinder, the fine tuning oil cylinder is arranged on the lifting base plate, the second swinging oil cylinder is connected with the fine tuning oil cylinder, the drilling machine is connected with the second swinging oil cylinder, the fine tuning oil cylinder is used for driving the drilling machine to move back and forth, and the second swinging oil cylinder is used for driving the drilling machine to rotate.
7. An anchoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roadway travel mechanism is a heading machine.
8. An excavating, anchoring and protecting integrated machine, which is characterized by comprising a heading machine and the anchoring and protecting device according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the anchoring and protecting device is arranged above the heading machine through a supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism comprises:
the front support oil cylinder is hinged with the heading machine at one end, and is hinged with the front end of the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism at the other end;
and one end of the rear supporting oil cylinder is hinged with the rear end of the longitudinal beam positioned at the rearmost end in the longitudinal telescopic mechanism, and the other end of the rear supporting oil cylinder is hinged with the heading machine.
9. The tunneling, anchoring and all-in-one machine according to claim 8, wherein said support mechanism further comprises a space linkage connected between said heading machine and said rearmost of said stringers in said longitudinal telescoping mechanism and between said front support cylinder and said rear support cylinder.
10. The tunneling, anchoring and integrated machine according to claim 8, wherein said supporting mechanism and said anchoring mechanism are provided in two groups, respectively.
CN202310115866.6A 2023-02-14 2023-02-14 Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine Pending CN116044393A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310115866.6A CN116044393A (en) 2023-02-14 2023-02-14 Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310115866.6A CN116044393A (en) 2023-02-14 2023-02-14 Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116044393A true CN116044393A (en) 2023-05-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310115866.6A Pending CN116044393A (en) 2023-02-14 2023-02-14 Anchor protection device and tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116044393A (en)

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