CN116036169A - 一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请提出了一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,涉及中药医学技术领域,其包括以下重量份的原料:大黄80~100份、细辛30~50份、冰片80~100份、黄柏20~30份、紫草20~30份、苦参20~30份和酒精300~500份。此外用中药组合物具有消炎止痛止痒快,使用后不留色素和疤痕的效果。另外还提供制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤:先将生大黄、北细辛、黄柏、紫草、苦参用酒精进行清洗之后,与冰片混合得到预处理之后的原料,随即将其用酒精浸泡,密封避光静置之后,过滤弃去杂质,即得到配置好的中药组合物搽剂。此方法工艺简单,投入成本低,经济实惠,可大规模生产。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及中药医学技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
人被蚊、虫叮咬之后,皮肤会出现红肿、瘙痒、水泡甚至引起被咬处局部发炎、糜烂,同时由于蚊、虫是多种病原体的携带者,人特别是儿童或过敏体质者被蚊、虫叮咬后,容易感染疾病,而市场上现有治疗蚊、虫叮咬的产品主要有花露水、清凉油、紫药水及各类驱蚊剂,花露水只能缓解瘙痒,没有消炎作用,过敏体质者使用后,有可能出现局部刺激性红肿,而清凉油对呼吸道和皮肤的刺激性比较大,驱蚊剂仅有避免蚊、虫叮咬的作用,在消炎止痒方面效果欠佳。
现有技术的缺陷和不足:
1.花露水等驱蚊剂都含有四氟甲醚菊酯、除虫菊酯等,具有毒副作用,长期使用对肝肾等有伤害,外用作用时间短,一般室外只有0.5小时,室内只有1小时,需要多次擦拭,尤其其味道强烈刺鼻,对呼吸道过敏人员也会产生一定的刺激作用。
2.由于花露水及驱蚊剂药效差、刺激性作用大、制备工艺繁琐,治愈需要时间长,仅局限于缓解症状,因此急需一种经济实惠、毒副作用小,并能快速治愈蚊虫叮咬的药物。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,此外用中药组合物具有消炎止痛止痒快,使用后不留色素和疤痕的效果。
本申请的另一目的在于提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,此方法具有投入成本低,配制方法简单,经济实惠的特点。
本申请解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。
首先,本申请实施例提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其包括以下重量份的原料:大黄80~100份、细辛30~50份、冰片80~100份、黄柏20~30份、紫草20~30份、苦参20~30份和酒精300~500份。
上述的原料中各中药材的药性及作用机理如下:
大黄:性苦寒,主要化学成分包括结合和游离型蒽醌/蒽酮类、二苯乙烯类、苯丁酮类、色原酮类、黄酮类和鞣质类化合物。其中黄酮类物质对微循环具有双向调节作用,既能够止血,又能活血,还能降血脂,所含有的大黄蒽酮对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、黄喉杆菌、大肠杆菌,均有不同程度的抑制作用,大黄对某些真菌、阿米巴原虫、阴道滴虫和血吸虫等均有一定的抑制作用,因此在酒精的作用下,能够将大黄蒽酮以及部分黄酮类物质溶出,进而在制成乙醇制作的搽剂时,能够起到杀菌止血的作用。
细辛:性温、味辛,归心、肺、肾经,细辛的有效成分为甲基丁香酚、N-异丁基十二烷四烯酰胺和去甲乌药碱,其水或者醇提取物能够使速发型变态反应过敏介质释放量减少40%以上,具有抗变态反应的作用,而且,其从细辛中分离的消旋去甲乌药碱具有β-受体激动剂样的广泛药理效应,有强心、扩张血管、松弛平滑肌、增强脂质代谢和升高血糖的作用,离体试验也证明,细辛挥发油对组胺和乙酰胆碱所引起的支气管痉挛有明显的对抗作用,而且,细辛醇浸剂、挥发油中的黄樟醚对革兰氏阳性菌、枯草杆菌和伤寒杆菌有体外抑制作用,并且对多种真菌,如黄曲霉菌、黑曲霉菌、白色念珠菌等均有抑制作用。因此在制成乙醇提取的搽剂时,其中成分对蚊、虫叮咬所造成的速发型变态反应和过敏反应都有极佳的对抗作用,能够起到快速止痒且消除叮咬包的功效,还能有效预防抑制叮咬所带来的病菌毒害。
黄柏:药味苦,性寒,归肾、膀胱经,既有清泄实热而解热毒,又燥湿、除湿毒而解湿热,清肾火退虚热,与黄连相比,清热燥湿能力较弱,作用偏于肾及下焦膀胱,最善清相火,退虚热,除下焦湿热。集实火、湿热、退虚热于一体,其主要含有小檗碱、木兰花碱、黄柏碱、掌叶防己碱等多种生物碱。此外,还含有黄柏内酯、黄柏酮、黄柏酮酸等苦味质成分及7-脱氢豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇等甾体成分。具有清热燥湿、泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮的功效。其入酒之后,可以起到消炎化脓,镇静止痛的作用。
紫草:其性甘、咸、寒,归心、肝经。具有清热凉血,使热毒从内而解,又活血化瘀,促进斑疹淤血迅速消散,以解毒透疹滑利二便,导热毒、疹毒从二便排出。集凉血、活血、解毒、透发斑疹、滑利二便于一体。凡斑痘疹毒之疾,见血热毒盛、色不红活的情况即可使用,其含有紫草素、乙酰紫草素、去氧紫草素、异丁酰紫草素、甲基阿卡宁、乙酰阿卡宁等萘醌类化合物及软脂酸、油酸及亚油酸等脂肪酸,具有清热凉血,活血解毒,透疹消斑的功效。紫草内外均可服用,外用时具有化腐生肌、解毒止痛、活血散瘀的功效,且其与冰片同用之时,可以帮助止痒、清凉和消炎的功效。
苦参:味苦、性寒,归心、肝、胃、大肠和膀胱经,其与黄柏相似,性味苦寒,又皆能补肾,可以治疗热毒风和皮肌烦躁生疮,其含有苦参碱、养护苦参碱、异苦参碱、槐果碱、异槐果碱、氧化槐果碱、槐胺碱等生物碱,此外,还含有苦参醇、新苦参醇、苦参酮、异苦参酮等黄酮类化合物,具有清热燥湿和杀虫、利尿的功效。其醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑菌作用,对多种革兰氏阳性菌有比较好的抑制作用,对炎症肿胀具有很好的消炎止痛的功效,且能够在酒精作用下加强活血化瘀的作用。
冰片:为无色透明或白色半透明的片状松脆结晶;气味清香,味辛、凉;具有挥发性,在乙醇中易溶,归心、脾、肺经,其经粘膜、皮下组织均容易吸收,在体内与葡萄糖醛酸结合后排出体外,在血液中能较长时间维持较高的血药浓度,具有开窍醒神,清热散毒,明目退翳的功效,入酒后涂抹在皮肤上具有清凉、止痒和消炎的功效。
总的说来,本申请提供的用于治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物通过大黄止血杀菌,利用细辛起到抗变态反应,避免由于自身免疫过强,被蚊、虫叮咬后出现溃烂和血肿,起到杀菌抑菌和快速消肿的作用,同时黄柏和苦参起到快速消炎化脓和镇静止痛的作用,配合冰片可以帮助止痒、清凉和消炎,降低瘙痒,避免人为破坏表皮组织,引起伤口感染,而紫草对于肌肤再生卓有成效,可以加快伤口愈合,帮助恢复,酒精本有杀毒的作用,配合以上中药,可以更好的溶出其中的药用成分,起到有益的治疗效果。
另外,本申请实施例还提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤A:将生大黄、北细辛、黄柏、紫草、苦参用酒精进行清洗之后,与冰片混合得到预处理之后的原料;
步骤B:将预处理之后的原料用酒精浸泡,密封避光静置一段时间后,过滤弃去杂质,即得到配制好的中药组合物搽剂。
经过酒精炮制得到中药组合物搽剂的各成分,在乙醇作用下,能够溶出更多的效用成分,用于外涂既方便又省事,制备工艺简单,具有经济实用的特点,方便大规模生产。
相对于现有技术,本申请的实施例至少具有如下优点或有益效果:
1、本申请提供的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物具有清热燥湿、消炎止痛止痒快,副作用小的特点,蚊、虫不局限于蚊子和普通小虫,对蜜蜂、毒蝎蜇伤、脾、跳蚤等叮咬均有功效,而且使用后不留色素及疤痕,最后愈合仅有一个小点痕迹。
2、本申请提供的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法投入成本低,配制方法简单,使用方便的特点,其经济实用,具有大规模生产的潜力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请实施例制备得到的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的实体图片;
图2为本申请实施例治疗蜜蜂蛰肿后的效果图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考具体实施例来详细说明本申请。
本申请实施例提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其包括以下重量份的原料:大黄80~100份、细辛30~50份、冰片80~100份、黄柏20~30份、紫草20~30份、苦参20~30份和酒精300~500份。
本申请提供的用于治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物通过大黄止血杀菌,利用细辛起到抗变态反应,避免由于自身免疫过强,被蚊、虫叮咬后出现溃烂和血肿,起到杀菌抑菌和快速消肿的作用,同时黄柏和苦参起到快速消炎化脓和镇静止痛的作用,配合冰片可以帮助止痒、清凉和消炎,降低瘙痒,避免人为破坏表皮组织,引起伤口感染,而紫草对于肌肤再生卓有成效,可以加快伤口愈合,帮助恢复,酒精本有杀毒的作用,配合以上中药,可以更好的溶出其中的药用成分,起到有益的治疗效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物包括以下重量份的原料:大黄100份、细辛50份、冰片100份、黄柏30份、紫草30份、苦参30份和酒精500份。
在此配比下的中药组合物的效用对于治疗蜜蜂蛰疼的伤口有明显疗效。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的剂型为搽剂。
搽剂是一种在皮肤表面揉搽或用软刷涂抹于体表的外用液体制剂,搽剂也可以施于绒布上覆盖皮肤表面。由于本申请提供的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物中如大黄、细辛等有小毒,在未有试验研究的条件下,严禁内服,以搽剂形式外涂为最佳的使用方式。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述酒精为75%医用酒精。
在药店购买的酒精有75%和95%两种浓度的酒精,而75%的酒精为医用消毒酒精,95%的则只能用于擦拭紫外线灯或镜头清洗,酒精分子由于具有很强的渗透力,不仅可以溶入药材内部,溶出药材有效成分,还能穿过细菌表面的膜,进入细菌内部,使构成细菌生命基础的蛋白质凝固,进而杀死细菌,但是过高浓度的酒精会在细菌表面形成一层保护膜,阻止其进入细菌体内,难以将细菌彻底杀死,若酒精浓度过低,虽然可以进入细菌,但不能将其体内的蛋白质凝固,同样也不能将细菌彻底杀死。因此本申请选择75%的医用酒精为最佳溶剂。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述酒精为65~70度的白酒。
如上所述,酒精具有杀菌作用,而白酒中含酒精量纯度较高,且在市场上更易购买,而且在传统中药医学上,白酒具有活血通脉、助药力、增进食欲、消除疲劳的保健功效,而且其是通过发酵制备的物质,更能促进药材药性发挥作用,尤其65~70度药酒的药性会相对其他溶剂更为猛烈,不适于口服,通过擦拭患处,可以使药物渗透,起到止痛和通经络的效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述大黄为生大黄。
生大黄是指原生药材的饮片,熟大黄比生大黄的药性略缓,本申请主要希望充分利用大黄中本身的大黄酸和大黄素,起到活血化瘀,理气止痛的功效。经过加工过的大黄在这两种成分上会有所损失,因此选择生大黄为最佳。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述细辛为北细辛。
细辛一般被分为南细辛和北细辛,这两种细辛都有一定的药用价值,但是北细辛在抗菌、提高形成代谢以及局麻的作用,而且,北细辛在食用时一定不能过量,否则会引起中毒反应,而本申请主要是以酒溶出北细辛中有效成分以杀菌止痒,其局麻作用能够达到极佳的止痒效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤A:将生大黄、北细辛、黄柏、紫草、苦参用酒精进行清洗之后,与冰片混合得到预处理之后的原料;
步骤B:将预处理之后的原料用酒精浸泡,密封避光静置后,过滤弃去杂质,即得到配制好的中药组合物搽剂。
经过酒精炮制得到中药组合物搽剂的各成分,在乙醇作用下,能够溶出更多的效用成分,用于外涂既方便又省事,制备工艺简单,具有经济实用的特点,方便大规模生产。
在本申请的一些实施例中,步骤B中的静置时间为30~35天。
经过30多天的放置,其中各药材的药性能充分溶出,为了节约时间成本不宜炮制更久。
在本申请的一些实施例中,上述过滤的筛目为200~300目。
在200~300目的筛目下,可以48~74μm的孔径大小充分去除其中杂质,得到澄清的液体,方便搽涂使用。
以下结合实施例对本申请的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本申请提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
原料:生大黄100g、北细辛50g、冰片100g、黄柏30g、紫草30g、苦参30g、75%医用酒精500ml(按密度为0.85g/ml,质量为425g)。
制备:取生大黄100g、北细辛50g、黄柏30g、紫草30g和苦参30g用75%医用酒精清洗后,与冰片100g混合放入广口瓶器皿中,随即加入75%医用酒精500ml,用密封盖盖紧,静置避光放置1个月后,用200目筛过滤,取上清药液备用。制备得到的药液图片如图1所示。
使用说明:每次配制后的药液存放有效期2年,2年后药效随时间推移逐渐降低,使用时需要涂擦多次(10次以上)。采用本实施例制备的药液进行治疗时,被蚊子、跳蚤、其他小虫叮咬每天给药3次,每次涂擦2次,治疗时间为1天,被蜜蜂、蝎子、蜱、狗蚊子叮咬每天给药4次,每次涂擦2次,治疗时间3~5天。
临床数据:
选取被蚊虫叮咬的群众(包括孕产妇10人)共200例,治疗结果如下:200例均治愈,0例无效。
典型病例:
王某(孕妇),被蜜蜂蜇伤手臂5分钟后局部红肿直径达到4cm,采用本发明药物涂擦1天后,瘙痒症状缓解,2天后经检查,该患者已显著好转,3天后症状消失,5天后痊愈,无疤痕(如图2所示)。
需要说明的是,部分患者因为不用药,被咬区域会出现瘙痒红肿现象,在抓挠之后更容易出现皮肤破损进而导致炎症发生,自愈往往需要6到10天。而及时搽上本药,用药部位的痒痛能够得到及时缓解,不对咬伤区域进行抓挠,也减少了发炎几率,当时涂上1小时之后就可消解红肿,更不会发炎。
实施例2
本申请提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
原料:生大黄90g、北细辛40g、冰片90g、黄柏25g、紫草25g、苦参25g、65°白酒400ml(按密度为0.9g/ml,质量为360g)。
制备:取生大黄90g、北细辛40g、黄柏25g、紫草25g和苦参25g用65°白酒清洗后,与冰片100g混合放入广口瓶器皿中,随即加入65°白酒400ml,用密封盖盖紧,静置避光放置1个月后,用250目筛过滤,取上清药液备用。
实施例3
本申请提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
原料:生大黄80g、北细辛30g、冰片80g、黄柏20g、紫草20g、苦参20g、70°白酒400ml(按密度为0.89g/ml,质量为356g)。
制备:取生大黄80g、北细辛30g、黄柏20g、紫草20g和苦参20g用70°白酒清洗后,与冰片100g混合放入广口瓶器皿中,随即加入70°白酒400ml,用密封盖盖紧,静置避光放置1个月后,用250目筛过滤,取上清药液备用。
实施例4
本申请提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
原料:生大黄100g、北细辛30g、冰片100g、黄柏20g、紫草20g、苦参20g、75%医用酒精380ml(按密度为0.85g/ml,质量为323g)。
制备:取生大黄100g、北细辛30g、黄柏20g、紫草20g和苦参20g用75%医用酒精清洗后,与冰片100g混合放入广口瓶器皿中,随即加入75%医用酒精380ml,用密封盖盖紧,静置避光放置1个月后,用300目筛过滤,取上清药液备用。
综上所述,本申请实施例提供一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物及其制备方法。
相对于现有技术,本申请的实施例至少具有如下优点或有益效果:
1、本申请提供的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物具有清热燥湿、消炎止痛止痒快,副作用小的特点,蚊、虫不局限于蚊子和普通小虫,对蜜蜂、毒蝎蜇伤、脾、跳蚤等叮咬均有功效,而且使用后不留色素及疤痕,最后愈合仅有一个小点痕迹。
2、本申请提供的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法投入成本低,配制方法简单,使用方便的特点,其经济实用,具有大规模生产的潜力。
以上所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围,而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,其包括以下重量份的原料:大黄80~100份、细辛30~50份、冰片80~100份、黄柏20~30份、紫草20~30份、苦参20~30份和酒精300~500份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,其包括以下重量份的原料:大黄100份、细辛50份、冰片100份、黄柏30份、紫草30份、苦参30份和酒精500份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,其剂型为搽剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述酒精为75%医用酒精。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述酒精为65~70度的白酒。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述大黄为生大黄。
7.根据权利要求6所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物,其特征在于,所述细辛为北细辛。
8.一种根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括以下步骤:
步骤A:将生大黄、北细辛、黄柏、紫草、苦参用酒精进行清洗之后,与冰片混合得到预处理之后的原料;
步骤B:将预处理之后的原料用酒精浸泡,密封避光静置后,过滤弃去杂质,即得到配制好的中药组合物搽剂。
9.根据权利要求8所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤B中的静置时间为30~35天。
10.根据权利要求9所述的治疗蚊、虫叮咬的外用中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述过滤的筛目为200~300目。
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