CN116035651A - Electrode wire for liquid electric lithotripsy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electrode lead for liquid electric stone breaking, which consists of a core electrode, an insulating layer and an outer electrode, wherein the core electrode, the insulating layer and the outer electrode are arranged in parallel and extend along the axial direction, the insulating layer surrounds the core electrode in the radial direction, the outer electrode is arranged outside the insulating layer, and the thickness of the distal end part of the outer electrode is larger than the thickness of the other parts of the outer electrode so as to form an electrode end cap. The invention can control the discharge position and easily generate stable hydraulic and electric shock waves, thereby ensuring the lithotripsy capability.

Description

Electrode wire for liquid electric lithotripsy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical appliances, in particular to an electrode lead for liquid-electricity lithotripsy.

Background

In vivo calculus belongs to frequently occurring and common diseases, including calculus of liver and gall system, urinary system and digestive system, and the disease causes are complex, for example, untimely treatment can seriously threaten the health of people. The in-vivo lithotripter for endoscope is a device for directly introducing lithotripter energy into the body through the inspection channels of the endoscope such as a fiber choledochoscope, a hard cholecystoscope, a duodenoscope, a gastroscope, a cystoscope, a ureteroscope, a percutaneous nephroscope and the like and releasing the energy aiming at the surface of the lithotripter so as to break the lithotripter. The energy is directionally conducted through the electrodes.

The electrohydraulic lithotripsy technology (Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy, EHL) is an important technology for safely and effectively treating difficult-to-get calculus in biliary tract. The technology of liquid-electricity stone breaking utilizes the principle of high-voltage oscillation wave generated by high-voltage electricity, in particular to a coaxial bipolar electrode is placed in water or normal saline, and is electrified to trigger high voltage between the bipolar electrodes, when the voltage difference between the two electrodes exceeds the large resistance of an insulating layer, spark is generated between the electrodes, and plasma is formed. A plasma is an uncharged ionized species consisting of ions, electrons and core particles, and a plasma comprising a large number of ions and electrons is a good conductor of electricity. The shock wave with certain electric power vibrates in the water, so that the gas dissolved in the water can be released to form tiny bubbles, and then the gas in the bubbles expands and collapses in the very short time of the shock wave movement to form liquid shock wave broken stone.

In EHL application, a very thin electrode wire is required to apply a shock wave near a stone in a human body to achieve the purpose of stone breaking. The electrode lead is led out from the internal liquid electric lithotripter and led to the vicinity of the calculus through the instrument channel of the endoscope. In the prior electrode lead, one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is wrapped around the other electrode to form a coaxial structure with different layers, the electrodes are separated by a coaxial insulating layer, the periphery of the electrode lead is also wrapped by the insulating layer, and the two electrodes are exposed out of the distal end face of the electrode lead at the distal end face.

However, it is desirable to reduce costs while ensuring the original lithotripsy capability; or to provide greater lithotripsy at the same cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a technical scheme for providing larger lithotripsy capacity on the premise of not increasing cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention discloses an electrode wire for liquid-electricity lithotripsy, which consists of a core electrode, an insulating layer and an outer electrode, wherein the core electrode, the insulating layer and the outer electrode are arranged in parallel and extend along the axial direction, the insulating layer surrounds the core electrode in the radial direction, the outer electrode is arranged outside the insulating layer, and the thickness of the distal end part of the outer electrode is larger than the other parts of the outer electrode so as to form an electrode end cap.

The term "substantially parallel" as used herein means that the lengths of the parallel members in the axial direction are substantially equal. In the above technical solution, the core electrode, the insulating layer and the outer electrode that are arranged in parallel extend along the axial direction, and the lengths of the three electrodes are basically equal.

Thickness refers to the dimension in the radial direction of the wire.

By adopting the technical scheme, the shape of the electrode end cap of the outer electrode is beneficial to heat dissipation, so that heat cannot accumulate on the end face of the electrode lead. When the electrode works, the impact of the discharge between the core electrode and the outer electrode on the end surface on the insulating layer at the end surface is smaller, the end surface of the electrode can be prolonged to be kept complete, and therefore the arc position is controllable. In addition, the electrode end cap of the outer electrode increases the discharge contact area between the core electrode and the outer electrode, so that stable liquid electric shock waves are easier to generate. In other words, the increased thickness of the electrode end cap enlarges the discharge area, which is advantageous in ensuring that the arc is released from the electrode end face, not the side face. This also further ensures lithotripsy.

It is worth to say that, the electrode wire for liquid electric lithotripsy that this application provided, its liquid electric equipment adopts the isolation power, and the electrode end cap that exposes under the normal condition can not form the return circuit even touch the human body yet, does not have the damage, does not have the risk. Secondly, since the electrode lead for the electrohydraulic lithotripsy needs to be protruded from the working channel port of the insertion part of the endoscope, that is, the insertion part of the endoscope provides a rigid support, the electrode lead cannot be protruded far, that is, the insertion part of the endoscope also has an effect of separating the electrode lead from the body cavity of the human body. If an increase in safety factor is desired, the electrode end cap may be covered with an insulator on the outside on the proximal side.

Optionally, the distal end surfaces of the core electrode and the insulating layer together form a recess facing in one direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the energy-gathering effect can be formed on the end face of the distal end of the electrode lead, so that the directional directivity of the shock wave is stronger. It is worth noting that the shape and orientation of the cavity may determine the desired energy focusing effect and the orientation of the shock wave. Those skilled in the art can make modifications as needed under the inventive concept of the present application.

Optionally, the cavity is concave in the shape of a sphere.

By adopting the technical scheme, the direction of the shock wave can be controlled.

Optionally, the distal end of the core electrode protrudes from the bottom surface of the cavity.

Optionally, the electrode end cap is comprised of a plurality of electrodes and an insulator between the plurality of electrodes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the purpose of fine control is achieved by arranging a plurality of different outer electrodes.

Optionally, the electrode end cap surrounds the insulating layer from the outside to form a ring shape.

Optionally, the entire or part of the distal end face of the electrode end cap forms an extension of the side of the cavity.

Optionally, a portion of the distal end face of the electrode end cap forms an extension of the side of the cavity, and another portion forms a rounded corner on the outside.

With the technical scheme, the fine control of the electric arc and the shock wave can be considered, and meanwhile, the trafficability of the distal end of the electrode wire is considered, and the fact that the electrode wire is required to pass through a working channel of an endoscope to reach a working position frequently is considered. The outer round corners also enable the electrode wires not to scratch the inner wall of the working channel when entering and exiting the working channel of the endoscope.

Optionally, the electrode end cap length is greater than or equal to 2.5mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the turning radius (also called bending radius) of the distal end of the electrode wire is small through the arrangement, and the electrode wire is easy to pass through a working channel of the bending part of the endoscope, especially when the bending part of the endoscope is in a bending state.

Optionally, the outer electrode is provided with an insulator at the outer periphery of the other part.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the structure of the distal end side of an electrode lead of the prior art.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a distal end side structure of an electrode lead according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of A-A or B-B in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of another embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of a further embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of yet another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification, by describing the embodiments of the present invention with specific examples. While the description of the invention will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the inventive features to the implementation. Rather, the purpose of the invention described in connection with the embodiments is to cover other alternatives or modifications, which may be extended by the claims based on the invention. The following description contains many specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, some specific details are omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship in which the inventive product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "near" and "far" are relative positional relationships, and when an operator operates an instrument to treat a target object, the side close to the operator is "near" and the side close to the target object is "far" along the instrument.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the distal end side of an electrode lead in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, in the conventional electrode lead, one c of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is wrapped around the other a to form a coaxial but different-layer structure, the electrodes are separated by a coaxial insulating layer b, the periphery of the electrodes is also wrapped by an insulating layer d, and the two electrodes are exposed at the distal end face of the electrode lead. The applicant finds that the electric arc between the positive electrode and the negative electrode can damage the insulating layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode after the electrode wire in the prior art is electrified, so that the position of the electric arc cannot be controlled, and the lithotriptic capacity is difficult to ensure. Thus, the prior art would provide stainless steel sleeves e for ensuring as stable a construction as possible.

In the use, the electrode wire needs to be close to the calculus through the working channel of endoscope, and the most distal end of endoscope is all located with the endoscope camera to the working channel export of endoscope generally, because the electrode wire that prior art provided is difficult to control electric arc position and shock wave's direction, the phenomenon of damaging the endoscope camera frequently takes place in the discovery electrode wire working process.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a distal end side structure of an electrode lead according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of A-A or B-B in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrode wire 1 for liquid-electricity lithotripsy, which is composed of a core electrode 2, an insulating layer 3 and an outer electrode 4, which are juxtaposed and extend in an axial direction, the insulating layer 3 surrounds the core electrode 2 in a radial direction, and the outer electrode 4 is provided outside the insulating layer 3. As shown in fig. 3, wherein the distal end portion of the outer electrode 4 has a thickness greater than the other portions of the outer electrode form an electrode end cap 41.

Since the shape of the electrode end cap 41 of the outer electrode is favorable for heat dissipation, heat cannot accumulate on the end face of the electrode wire 1, and when the electrode wire 1 works, the impact of discharge between the core electrode 2 and the outer electrode 4 on the end face on the insulating layer 3 at the end face is smaller, the end face of the electrode can be prolonged to be kept complete, and therefore the arc position is controllable. In addition, the electrode end cap 41 of the outer electrode 4 increases the discharge contact area of the core electrode 2 and the outer electrode 4, and more stable electrohydraulic shock waves are easily generated. In other words, the increased thickness of the electrode end cap 41 enlarges the discharge area, which is advantageous in ensuring that the arc is released from the electrode end face, not the side face. This also further ensures lithotripsy.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the distal end face 21 of the core electrode 2 and the distal end face 31 of the insulating layer 3 together form a cavity 11 facing in one direction.

As shown in fig. 4, the arrow 12 shows the normal direction of the inner wall or bottom surface of the cavity 11, showing the gathering effect provided by the cavity 11, when an arc is formed between the core electrode 2 and the outer electrode 4 due to the voltage difference, the generated shock wave forms a more concentrated energy wave which is more clearly directed due to the gathering effect provided by the cavity 11. In this way, the energy collecting effect is provided on the distal end face of the electrode lead 1, so that the directional directivity of the shock wave is stronger.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the cavity 11 is in the shape of a concave sphere. This facilitates a more accurate control of the direction of the shock wave.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of a further embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the distal end of the core electrode 2 protrudes from the bottom surface of the cavity 11. The distal end of the core electrode 2 protrudes from the bottom surface of the cavity 11, so that an arc can be more easily generated between the core electrode 2 and the outer electrode 4.

Optionally, the electrode end cap 41 is comprised of a plurality of electrodes and an insulator (not shown) between the plurality of electrodes. Thus, the purpose of finely controlling the energy is achieved by arranging a plurality of different outer electrodes 4.

As shown in fig. 3-6, in some embodiments of the present application, the electrode end cap 41 is looped around the insulating layer 3 from the outside. The outer electrode 4 can then be tightened against the distal end of the electrode lead 1 to ensure a stable and secure construction.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of a further embodiment of the present application. FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A or B-B of yet another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the distal end face 42 of the electrode end cap 41 forms, in whole or in part, an extension of the side of the cavity 11. As shown in fig. 6, alternatively, a part of the distal end face 42 of the electrode end cap 41 forms an extension face of the side face of the cavity 11, and the other part forms a rounded corner on the outside. Such an arrangement allows for fine control of the arc and shock waves while also compromising the passability of the distal end of the electrode lead 1, which allows for frequent passage of the electrode lead 1 through the working channel of the endoscope to the working position. The outer rounded corners also prevent the electrode lead 1 from scratching the inner wall of the working channel when entering and exiting the working channel of the endoscope.

The length of the end cap 41 may be greater than or equal to 2.5mm at the electrode. In this way, the distal end of the electrode lead 1 has a small turning radius (also called bending radius) and is easy to pass through the working channel of the endoscope bending portion, especially when the endoscope bending portion is in a bent state.

To increase the safety factor, the outer electrode may be surrounded by an insulator at the other part.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention with reference to specific embodiments, and it is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein by those skilled in the art, including a few simple inferences or alternatives, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electrode lead for liquid-electricity rubble is characterized by comprising a core electrode, an insulating layer and an outer electrode, wherein the core electrode, the insulating layer and the outer electrode are arranged in parallel and extend along the axial direction, the insulating layer surrounds the core electrode in the radial direction, the outer electrode is arranged outside the insulating layer, and the thickness of the distal end part of the outer electrode is larger than the thickness of the other parts of the outer electrode so as to form an electrode end cap.

2. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 1, wherein the distal end surfaces of the core electrode and the insulating layer together form a recess facing in one direction.

3. The electrode lead for electrohydraulic lithotripsy according to claim 2, wherein the cavity is in the shape of a concave sphere.

4. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 2, wherein the distal end of the core electrode protrudes from the bottom surface of the cavity.

5. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 1, wherein the electrode end cap is comprised of a plurality of electrodes and an insulator between the plurality of electrodes.

6. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 1, wherein the electrode end cap is formed in a ring shape by surrounding the insulating layer from the outside.

7. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 2, wherein the entire or part of the distal end face of the electrode end cap forms an extension of the side of the cavity.

8. The electrode lead for electrohydrodynamic lithotripsy of claim 2, wherein a portion of the distal end face of the electrode end cap forms an extension of the side of the cavity and another portion forms a rounded corner on the outside.

9. The electrode lead for liquid-electric lithotripsy according to claim 1, wherein the electrode end cap is not less than 2.5mm in length.

10. The electrode lead for liquid-electric lithotripsy according to claim 1, wherein an insulator is provided on the outer periphery of the other part of the outer electrode.

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