CN115992019A - Polycrystal functional material and combustion-supporting combustion-enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma - Google Patents
Polycrystal functional material and combustion-supporting combustion-enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polycrystal functional material and a combustion-supporting combustion-increasing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma, which relate to the field of plasma combustion-supporting and aim at solving the problem of insufficient combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in a combustor in the prior art, the technical scheme is that the polycrystal functional material comprises a crystal matrix, an activating agent, a sensitizer and a mineralizing agent, the combustion-supporting system uses steam generated by a steam generator to be introduced into a plasma preparation device filled with the polycrystal functional material, and the polycrystal functional material is excited by radio frequency discharge to release high-energy electrons to collide with water vapor moleculesThe hydrogen-oxygen plasma is generated by collision excitation and ionization, and then the hydrogen-oxygen plasma is mixed with hydrocarbon fuel for combustion, so that the defects of low heat efficiency and low burnout rate are overcome, the combustion efficiency is remarkably improved, the combustion working condition is improved, the combustion process is stabilized, the heat utilization rate is increased, the consumption of the hydrocarbon fuel is reduced, the combustion cost is saved, and the CO, HC and NO of the hydrocarbon fuel combustion is reduced x And the black smoke is discharged, so that the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plasma combustion supporting, in particular to a polycrystal functional material and a combustion-enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma combustion supporting.
Background
Currently, hydrocarbon fuels comprise gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil, kerosene, liquefied gas, natural gas and the like, the combustion process is a process of chemical reaction between the fuel and oxygen in the air, and the products of the fuel after combustion are carbon dioxide and water under ideal conditions. However, hydrocarbon fuels have not been combusted sufficiently in burners such as boilers and industrial furnaces for various reasons, and the products after combustion have by-products such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in addition to carbon dioxide and water. Incomplete combustion of fuel not only wastes energy, but also produces polluting emissions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a polycrystal functional material and a combustion-supporting combustion-enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma, which are used for improving the heat utilization rate and reducing the emission of hydrocarbon fuel combustion CO, HC, NOx and black smoke by mixing oxyhydrogen plasma with hydrocarbon fuel and then co-combusting.
The polycrystal functional material is a polycrystal functional material with high-energy free electrons for emitting pulse under the external excitation conditions of arc discharge, glow discharge, laser, flame or shock wave and the like, and is used for dissociating water vapor molecules into oxyhydrogen plasma, mixing with hydrocarbon fuel for combustion, improving combustion efficiency and improving combustion working conditions; the polycrystalline material is composed of a plurality of single crystal grains and grain boundaries surrounding the single crystal grains, and the grain boundaries have the characteristic of scattering electrons.
The technical scheme adopted by the used polycrystalline functional material is that the polycrystalline functional material comprises the following components:
a crystal matrix, an activator, a sensitizer and a mineralizer.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the components are as follows in parts by weight:
85-90% of crystal matrix, 3-5% of activating agent, 1-2% of sensitizer and 5-10% of mineralizing agent.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crystal matrix includes one or more transition metal oxides including zinc oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, and the like. At higher temperatures, the transition metal oxide drives oxygen out of the lattice with excess metal atoms, which is defective, making the lattice deficient in oxygen atoms, creating electrons and holes, and can collect high density electrons.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the activating agent is special nano magnesium oxide, has obvious small-size, large-surface effect, quantum size effect and macroscopic tunnel effect, and has better dispersibility and higher nano activity in a system, thereby exerting the optical, electric, magnetic, thermal and quantum effects of the nano magnesium oxide particles. The special nano magnesium oxide is applied to the polycrystalline functional material, so that the polycrystalline functional material has better reversible discharge capacity and good cycle performance. Special nano magnesium oxide technical index: the purity of the nano magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 99.9%, the average grain diameter is 30-40nm, the specific surface area is 15-30m2/g, the PH value is 8-11, the chloride is less than 0.035%, and the electronic grade activator is less than or equal to 0.2%.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the sensitizer is a dielectric material sensitizer, the dielectric material is generally solid, under the action of high-frequency electromagnetic waves or microwave fields, polarization is generated in the medium, the polarization intensity vector of the dielectric material is behind an angle of an electric field, so that current in phase with the electric field is generated, the power dissipation in the dielectric material is converted into heat energy, and the sensitizer can absorb excitation radiation and then transfer the energy to the activator through volume heating. Such dielectric materials are carbon black, conductive carbon black, graphite and magnetic iron oxide black (Fe 3 O 4 ) In order to prevent the occurrence of carbon deposition, iron oxide black is preferable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the mineralizer is Li + 、Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Ba 2+ Is added with a small amount of mineralizer to promote sintering and improve polycrystalsFunctional materials may have certain properties, such as activation of the crystal lattice by interaction with the crystalline substrate, enhancement of reaction capacity, and acceleration of solid phase reactions. From the viewpoints of economy and water solubility, calcium carbonate is preferable, and further calcium carbonate is porous calcium carbonate.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the polycrystalline functional material, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, mixing a crystal matrix, an activating agent, a sensitizer and a mineralizing agent according to a proportion, ball milling for 2-10 hours to prepare powder with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adding 10-15% of water glass binder and 25-30% of ammonium bicarbonate pore-forming agent, and pressing into a cylinder under 4-5 atmospheres;
step 2, sintering for 1-2 hours at 1400-1600 ℃ in an intermediate frequency furnace, and densifying and recrystallizing the powder to prepare the honeycomb porous polycrystalline functional material.
The invention also discloses a combustion-supporting combustion-increasing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using the polycrystal functional material, which adopts the technical scheme that the combustion-supporting combustion-increasing system comprises a steam generator, a plasma preparation device, a premixing cavity and a burner, wherein the steam generator is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected with a fluid conveying device through a pipeline, the outlet is connected with a steam inlet of the plasma preparation device, and the outlet of the plasma preparation device is connected with the premixing cavity and then connected with the burner; the plasma preparation device is filled with polycrystalline functional materials, and after oxyhydrogen plasma is prepared in the plasma preparation device by steam generated by the steam generator, the oxyhydrogen plasma is mixed with fuel in the premixing cavity and enters the combustor to be fully combusted.
The burner comprises any one of a boiler burner, a kiln burner, an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, a ship, a diesel generator, engineering machinery and the like; the steam generator comprises any one of steam boilers, flash cylinders, heating pipes and the like for preparing steam devices.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the plasma preparation device comprises a vacuum discharge tube and capacitor electrodes, wherein two ends of the outer wall of the vacuum discharge tube are respectively provided with two capacitor electrodes, the vacuum discharge tube is filled with the polycrystal functional material, the capacitor electrodes are connected with a radio frequency power supply through wires, and can emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves into the vacuum discharge tube through the radio frequency power supply and the capacitor electrodes to excite the polycrystal functional material to release high-energy electrons to collide with water vapor molecules for excitation and ionization to generate oxyhydrogen plasma; the inlet end of the plasma preparation device is also connected with a vacuum valve and a vacuum pump through a pipeline.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a plasma outlet of the plasma preparation device is sequentially connected with a proportional valve and a one-way valve through a pipeline and then is connected with an inlet of the premixing cavity, a hydrocarbon fuel inlet is further arranged on the premixing cavity, a pressure release pipeline is further arranged on the premixing cavity, a pressure release valve is arranged on the pressure release pipeline, an outlet of the premixing cavity is connected with a flame arrester through a pipeline and then is connected with a combustor, and the combustor is further connected with an air supply fan; and a blow-down pipe is arranged between the proportional valve and the one-way valve, and the blow-down pipe is provided with a blow-down valve.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using the polycrystalline functional material, which comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing water into a steam generator to generate steam flow at 100-110 ℃;
and b, enabling the steam with the temperature of 100-110 ℃ obtained in the step a to flow into a plasma preparation device, and transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves into a vacuum discharge tube by a radio-frequency power supply to excite a polycrystal functional material to release high-energy electrons to collide with steam molecules for excitation and ionization to generate oxyhydrogen plasma.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention prepares oxyhydrogen plasma by using polycrystalline functional material, and the oxyhydrogen plasma and hydrocarbon fuel are premixed and then combusted together, so that the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Macromolecules in the hydrocarbon fuel and high-energy electrons in the oxyhydrogen plasma are subjected to inelastic collision and are cracked to generate micromolecular fuel, so that complete combustion of the fuel is realized;
(2) The oxyhydrogen plasma active particles can accelerate the chain reaction of hydrocarbon fuel combustion, and improve the flame propagation speed;
(3) The oxyhydrogen plasma excitation can disturb the flow field of the combustion chamber, promote the mixing of fuel and air, and enhance the combustion stability;
(4) The calorific value of hydrogen combustion is up to 143MJ/Kg, the heat after combustion of each kilogram of hydrogen is about 3 times of that of gasoline and 1.6 times of that of natural gas, and the hydrogen-oxygen combustion furnace has the characteristics of high flame propagation speed (2.75 m/s) and high combustion temperature (the flame temperature is 1430 ℃ when equivalent combustion is carried out in air; the flame temperature is 2830 ℃ when equivalent combustion is carried out in oxygen), and the high-temperature high-speed flame generated by hydrogen-oxygen plasma combustion ensures the full combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in the furnace and improves the combustion efficiency;
therefore, the zero-carbon high-calorific-value oxyhydrogen plasma is utilized to energize high-cost high-carbon fossil energy combustion, the defects of low heat efficiency and low burnout rate are overcome, the combustion efficiency is remarkably improved, the combustion working condition is improved, the combustion process is stabilized, the heat utilization rate is increased, the consumption of hydrocarbon fuel is reduced, the combustion cost is saved, the emission of hydrocarbon fuel combustion CO, HC, NOx and black smoke is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combustion enhancing system for combustion supporting of hydrogen-oxygen plasma.
In the figure: 1. a water inlet valve; 2. a water pump; 3. a steam generator; 4. a plasma preparation device; 401. a vacuum discharge tube; 402. a polycrystalline functional material; 403. a capacitor electrode; 404. a steam inlet; 405. a plasma outlet; 5. a radio frequency power supply; 6. a vacuum pump; 7. a vacuum valve; 8. a proportional valve; 9. a one-way valve; 10. a blow-off valve; 11. a premix chamber; 12. a pressure release valve; 13. a flame arrester; 14. a burner; 15. an air supply fan; 16. a first pressure sensor; 17. a temperature sensor; 18. a second pressure sensor; 19. and a third pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The example discloses a first implementation mode of a polycrystalline functional material, which adopts the technical scheme that the polycrystalline functional material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a crystal matrix: 85% of zinc oxide
An activating agent: nanometer magnesia 5%
Sensitizer: iron oxide black (Fe) 3 O 4 )2％
Mineralizing agent: 8% of porous calcium carbonate.
The embodiment also discloses a preparation method of the polycrystalline functional material, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, mixing a crystal matrix, an activating agent, a sensitizer and a mineralizing agent according to a proportion, ball-milling for 6 hours to prepare powder with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adding 10% of water glass binder and 30% of ammonium bicarbonate pore-forming agent, and pressing into a cylinder under 5 atmospheres.
And 2, sintering the powder in an intermediate frequency furnace at 1400 ℃ for 1h, and densifying and recrystallizing the powder to prepare the honeycomb porous polycrystalline functional material.
Under the excitation of radio frequency shock wave, the density of pulse electrons generated by the polycrystalline functional material is more than or equal to 1.5X10 14 /cm 3 The maximum density of pulse electrons reaches the density of explosion electrons, the electron energy is more than or equal to 8.4eV, and the ionization degree of oxyhydrogen plasma is more than or equal to 1 percent.
Working principle of producing oxyhydrogen plasma by polycrystalline functional material: under the condition that the crystal matrix is sintered in an intermediate frequency furnace at 1400-1600 ℃, oxygen is ejected out of a defective lattice with excessive metal atoms, so that the lattice lacks oxygen atoms, electrons and holes are generated, and high-density electrons can be collected; under the excitation of radio frequency shock wave, the dielectric material sensitizer absorbs the excitation radiation and then transmits energy to the activator, the activator and the mineralizer act together with the crystal base material to activate the crystal lattice, the reaction capacity is enhanced, a large amount of high-energy electrons are released instantaneously, and meanwhile, the activator can enable the polycrystalline functional material to have better reversible discharge capacity and show good cycle performance.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment also discloses a combustion-supporting combustion-increasing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using the above-mentioned polycrystal functional material, which adopts the technical scheme that the combustion-supporting combustion-increasing system comprises a steam generator 3, a plasma preparation device 4, a premixing cavity 11 and a burner 14, wherein the steam generator 3 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is sequentially connected with a water pump 2 and a water inlet valve 1 through a pipeline, the water inlet valve 1 is connected with a water source through a water inlet pipe, the outlet is connected with a steam inlet 404 of the plasma preparation device 4, in order to control the quality of steam, a first pressure sensor 16 and a temperature sensor 17 are further arranged on a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the steam generator 3 and the steam inlet 404, the plasma preparation device 4 comprises a vacuum discharge tube 401 and a capacitor electrode 403, two capacitor electrodes 403 are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer wall of the vacuum discharge tube 401, the vacuum discharge tube 401 is filled with cylindrical honeycomb-shaped multiporous polycrystal functional material 402, and the capacitor electrode 403 is connected with a radio frequency power supply 5 through a wire; the inlet end of the plasma preparation device 4 is also connected with a vacuum valve 7 and a vacuum pump 6 through pipelines, and is used for vacuumizing a vacuum discharge tube 401, a plasma outlet 405 of the plasma preparation device 4 is sequentially connected with a proportional valve 8 and a one-way valve 9 through pipelines and then is connected with an inlet of a premixing cavity 11, a fuel inlet is arranged on the premixing cavity 11, hydrocarbon fuel can enter the premixing cavity 11 from the fuel inlet to be premixed with oxyhydrogen plasma so as to enter a combustor 14 for subsequent combustion together, a pressure relief pipeline and a third pressure sensor 19 are also arranged on the premixing cavity 11, a pressure relief valve 12 is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline, an outlet of the premixing cavity 11 is connected with a flame arrester 13 through a pipeline and then is connected with the combustor 14, tempering can be prevented by the arrangement of the flame arrester 13, combustion safety is ensured, and after the fuel in the premixing cavity 11 is input into the combustor 14, the air blower 15 inputs combustion-supporting air into the combustor 14, oxygen is ensured to be sufficient, and combustion is ensured to be sufficient; a blow-down pipe is arranged between the proportional valve 8 and the one-way valve 9, and a blow-down valve 10 is arranged on the blow-down pipe; the front end of the proportional valve 8 is provided with a second pressure sensor 18.
The technical scheme is characterized in that the control device is further provided with a water inlet valve 1, a vacuum valve 7, a proportional valve 8, a relief valve 10 and a relief valve 12 which are all electromagnetic valves, the control device adopts a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is electrically connected with the water inlet valve 1, a water pump 2, a steam generator 3, a radio frequency power supply 5, a vacuum pump 6, the vacuum valve 7, the proportional valve 8, the relief valve 10, the relief valve 12, an air supply fan 15, a first pressure sensor 16, a temperature sensor 17, a second pressure sensor 18 and a third pressure sensor 19.
The embodiment also discloses a method for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using the polycrystalline functional material, which comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing water into a steam generator 3 to generate steam flow at 100-110 ℃;
and b, circulating the steam with the temperature of 100-110 ℃ obtained in the step a into the plasma preparation device 4, and emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves into the vacuum discharge tube 401 by a radio-frequency power supply 5 with the voltage of 1KV-2KV and the frequency of 1KHz-1MHz, wherein electrons are added into the vacuum discharge tube. Under the excitation of radio frequency shock waves, the polycrystal functional material releases a large amount of high-energy electrons, and the high-energy electrons and water vapor molecules collide and are excited to break the water vapor molecular connection bonds, so that water molecules are instantaneously dissociated into oxyhydrogen plasmas.
Working principle of preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using radio frequency discharge: the water vapor itself contains huge molecular energy, so that the water molecular structure is in an unstable state, the water vapor is mutually impacted at high temperature, then the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is emitted by a radio frequency power supply, the polycrystal functional material is excited to release a large amount of high-energy electrons, the connecting bonds of the water vapor molecules are broken, the generated electrons can obtain high energy when accelerated in an electric field and collide with surrounding molecules or atoms, and as a result, electrons are excited in the molecules and atoms again to accelerate to form a chain reaction, so that the water vapor molecules are instantaneously ionized and dissociated into hydrogen and oxygen free radicals, and hydrogen and oxygen plasma active particles are generated in a large space range.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the polycrystalline functional material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
a crystal matrix: 60% of zinc oxide and 25% of nickel oxide
An activating agent: nanometer magnesia 5%
Sensitizer: iron oxide black (Fe) 3 O 4 )2％
Mineralizing agent: 8% of porous calcium carbonate.
The polycrystalline functional material prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1 according to the proportion has pulse electron density of more than or equal to 1.5X10 when excited by radio frequency shock wave 14 /cm 3 The maximum density of pulse electrons reaches the density of explosion electrons, the electron energy is more than or equal to 8.4eV, and the ionization degree of oxyhydrogen plasma is more than or equal to 1 percent.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the polycrystalline functional material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
a crystal matrix: 60% of zinc oxide and 25% of ferric oxide
An activating agent: nanometer magnesia 5%
Sensitizer: iron oxide black (Fe) 3 O 4 )2％
Mineralizing agent: 8% of porous calcium carbonate.
The polycrystalline functional material prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1 according to the proportion has pulse electron density of more than or equal to 1.5X10 when excited by radio frequency shock wave 14 /cm 3 The maximum density of pulse electrons reaches the density of explosion electrons, the electron energy is more than or equal to 8.4eV, and the ionization degree of oxyhydrogen plasma is more than or equal to 1 percent.
Example 4
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the polycrystalline functional material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
a crystal matrix: 40% of zinc oxide, 20% of nickel oxide and 25% of ferric oxide
An activating agent: nanometer magnesia 5%
Sensitizer: iron oxide black (Fe) 3 O 4 )2％
Mineralizing agent: 8% of porous calcium carbonate.
The polycrystalline functional material prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1 according to the proportion has pulse electron density of more than or equal to 1.5X10 when excited by radio frequency shock wave 14 /cm 3 The maximum density of pulse electrons reaches the density of explosion electrons, the electron energy is more than or equal to 8.4eV, and the ionization degree of oxyhydrogen plasma is more than or equal to 1 percent.
Example 5
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the polycrystalline functional material is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
a crystal matrix: 40% of zinc oxide, 20% of ferric oxide, 15% of manganese oxide and 10% of cobalt oxide
An activating agent: nanometer magnesia 5%
Sensitizer: iron oxide black (Fe) 3 O 4 )2％
Mineralizing agent: 8% of porous calcium carbonate.
The polycrystalline functional material prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1 according to the proportion has pulse electron density of more than or equal to 1.5X10 when excited by radio frequency shock wave 14 /cm 3 The maximum density of pulse electrons reaches the density of explosion electrons, the electron energy is more than or equal to 8.4eV, and the ionization degree of oxyhydrogen plasma is more than or equal to 1 percent.
The comparison of the above examples shows that the transition metal oxide as a crystal matrix has the property of generating electrons and holes and collecting high-density electrons under high-temperature roasting, and the oxide with similar metal activity has no obvious difference as the crystal matrix. Generally, metal activity ranges from strong to weak: the stronger the metal activity of the element, the smaller the electronegativity of the element, the weaker the ability to attract electrons of the outermost layer, the more easily the atoms lose electrons, and the more easily the eutectic or intermetallic compound is formed under high-temperature roasting to generate electrons and holes.
Comparative test
Comparing the combustion device without the combustion enhancement system with the combustion device with the combustion enhancement system, and testing:
test basis:
boiler model: WNS4-1.25-Q;
boiler outlet medium: saturated steam;
rated output: 4000kg/h;
design thermal efficiency: 90.59%;
rated pressure: 1.25MPa;
and (3) designing fuel: natural gas;
the combustion mode is as follows: burning in a fire chamber;
combustion equipment: a natural gas-fired burner;
designing the exhaust gas temperature: 165 ℃;
the same quality natural gas fuel was used for testing.
Energy efficiency term contrast-hydrocarbon fuel consumption
The test basis is as follows:
1. TSG 0002-2010 "boiler energy saving technology supervision and management regulations";
2. TSG 0003-2010 "rules for testing and evaluating energy efficiency of Industrial boilers";
3. related technical requirements in contracts signed by both parties.
Test properties: operating mode fuel consumption test
The testing method comprises the following steps: fuel consumption profiling
Test results: under the same working condition, the natural gas consumption is 204.1m under the condition of not adding the combustion enhancing system 3 And/h, the natural gas consumption is 160.1m under the condition of adding the combustion enhancement system 3 And/h. The consumption of natural gas per hour is reduced by 44m after the combustion enhancement system is additionally arranged 3 About 21.57%.
Energy efficiency item contrast-boiler operating output
The test basis is as follows:
1. TSG 0002-2010 "boiler energy saving technology supervision and management regulations";
2. TSG 0003-2010 "rules for testing and evaluating energy efficiency of Industrial boilers";
3. related technical requirements in contracts signed by both parties.
Test properties: operating condition thermal efficiency test
The testing method comprises the following steps: thermal efficiency simple test
Test results: under the same working condition, the boiler output is 2,859kg/h under the condition that a combustion increasing system is not added, and the boiler thermal efficiency is 90.62%; the boiler output is 3,051kg/h under the condition of adding the combustion increasing system, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is 94.09%. After the combustion increasing system is additionally arranged, the output of the boiler is improved by 6.29%, and the heat efficiency is improved by 3.83%.
Environmental protection item contrast-boiler smoke emission
Test instrument: model of flue gas analyzer: testo350
Test items: smoke composition
Test results: CO content at smoke exhaust is 3.4 multiplied by 10 under the condition of not adding combustion increasing system -4 ％，NO X The content is 3.24X10 -3 Percent, NO content 3.46×10 -3 ％，NO 2 The content is 5.0%, the smoke exhaust temperature is 138.2 ℃, and the excess air coefficient at the smoke exhaust position is 1.30; CO content of smoke exhaust part is 0% and NO under the condition of additionally installing combustion increasing system X The content is 1.4X10 -3 Percent, NO content 1.4X10 -3 ％，NO 2 The content is 5.0%, the smoke discharging temperature is 142.4 ℃, and the excess air coefficient at the smoke discharging position is 1.43. And after the combustion increasing system is additionally arranged, the hydrocarbon fuel is completely combusted, and the CO is reduced to zero.
The attached table:
without additional combustion-enhancing systems
| Sequence number | Name of the name | (symbol) | Unit (B) | Data source | Test data |
| 1 | Boiler exhaust gas temperature | t py | ℃ | Test data | 138.2 |
| 2 | Fume extractor O 2 Content of | O 2 | ％ | Test data | 4.86 |
| 3 | CO content at the exhaust | CO’ | ％ | Test data | 3.4×10 -4 |
| 4 | CO at the exhaust 2 Content of | / | ％ | Test data | 8.72 |
| 5 | NO at smoke exhaust X Content of | / | ％ | Test data | 3.24×10 -3 |
| 6 | SO at smoke exhaust 2 Content of | / | ％ | Test data | 0 |
| 7 | NO content at the exhaust | / | ％ | Test data | 3.46×10 -3 |
| 8 | NO at smoke exhaust 2 Content of | / | ％ | Test data | 5.0 |
Under the condition of additionally installing combustion enhancement system
By comparing the above, the oxyhydrogen plasma and the hydrocarbon fuel are mixed for combustion, so that the defects of low heat efficiency and low burnout rate are overcome, the combustion efficiency is obviously improved, the heat utilization rate is increased, the use amount of the hydrocarbon fuel is reduced, the combustion cost is saved, the emission of CO, HC, NOx and black smoke generated by the combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive labor may be made within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polycrystalline functional material comprising the following components:
a crystalline matrix, an activator, a sensitizer, and a mineralizer;
the components are as follows according to the weight portion:
85-90% of crystal matrix, 3-5% of activating agent, 1-2% of sensitizer and 5-10% of mineralizing agent.
2. The polycrystalline functional material of claim 1, wherein: the crystalline matrix includes one or more transition metal oxides.
3. The polycrystalline functional material of claim 1, wherein: the activating agent is nano magnesium oxide.
4. A polycrystalline functional material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the technical indexes of the nano magnesium oxide are as follows: the purity of the nano magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 99.9%, the average grain diameter is 30-40nm, and the specific surface area is 15-30m 2 /g, pH 8-11, chloride<0.035 percent and the electronic-grade activator is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
5. The polycrystalline functional material of claim 1, wherein: the sensitizer is a dielectric material sensitizer; the mineralizer is Li + 、Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Ba 2+ One or more of phosphates, sulphates, carbonates of (c).
6. A method of preparing the polycrystalline functional material of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, mixing a crystal matrix, an activating agent, a sensitizer and a mineralizing agent according to a proportion, ball milling for 2-10 hours to prepare powder with the particle size of 100-300 meshes, adding 10-15% of water glass binder and 25-30% of ammonium bicarbonate pore-forming agent, and pressing into a cylinder under 4-5 atmospheres;
and 2, sintering for 1-2 hours at 1400-1600 ℃ in an intermediate frequency furnace to prepare the honeycomb porous polycrystalline functional material.
7. A combustion enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma combustion supporting is characterized in that: the device comprises a steam generator (3), a plasma preparation device (4), a premixing cavity (11) and a combustor (14), wherein an inlet and an outlet are formed in the steam generator (3), the inlet is connected with a fluid conveying device through a pipeline, the outlet is connected with a steam inlet (404) of the plasma preparation device (4), and a plasma outlet (405) of the plasma preparation device (4) is connected with the premixing cavity (11) and then is connected with the combustor (14); the plasma preparation device (4) is filled with the polycrystalline functional material (402) according to claim 1.
8. The combustion-enhancing system for preparing the oxyhydrogen plasma combustion-supporting according to claim 1, wherein: the plasma preparation device (4) comprises a vacuum discharge tube (401) and capacitor electrodes (403), two capacitor electrodes (403) are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer wall of the vacuum discharge tube (401), the vacuum discharge tube (401) is filled with the polycrystal functional material (402), and the capacitor electrodes (403) are connected with a radio-frequency power supply (5) through wires; the inlet end of the plasma preparation device (4) is also connected with a vacuum valve (7) and a vacuum pump (6) through pipelines.
9. The combustion-enhancing system for preparing the oxyhydrogen plasma combustion-supporting according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that: the plasma outlet (405) of the plasma preparation device (4) is sequentially connected with the proportional valve (8) and the one-way valve (9) through pipelines and then is connected with the inlet of the premixing cavity (11), the premixing cavity (11) is also provided with a hydrocarbon fuel inlet, the premixing cavity (11) is also provided with a pressure relief pipeline, the pressure relief pipeline is provided with a pressure relief valve (12), the outlet of the premixing cavity (11) is connected with the flame arrester (13) through a pipeline and then is connected with the combustor (14), and the combustor (14) is also connected with an air supply fan (15); an emptying pipe is further arranged between the proportional valve (8) and the one-way valve (9), and an emptying valve (10) is arranged on the emptying pipe.
10. A method for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma by using polycrystalline functional material, comprising the steps of:
step a, introducing water into a steam generator (3) to generate steam flow at 100-110 ℃;
and b, enabling the steam with the temperature of 100-110 ℃ obtained in the step a to flow into a plasma preparation device (4), and transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves into a vacuum discharge tube (401) by a radio-frequency power supply (5) to excite a polycrystal functional material to release high-energy electrons to collide with steam molecules for excitation and ionization to generate oxyhydrogen plasma.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211547142.0A CN115992019A (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Polycrystal functional material and combustion-supporting combustion-enhancing system for preparing oxyhydrogen plasma |
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Application publication date: 20230421 |