CN2937841Y - Microway plasma burner - Google Patents
Microway plasma burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN2937841Y CN2937841Y CN 200620119810 CN200620119810U CN2937841Y CN 2937841 Y CN2937841 Y CN 2937841Y CN 200620119810 CN200620119810 CN 200620119810 CN 200620119810 U CN200620119810 U CN 200620119810U CN 2937841 Y CN2937841 Y CN 2937841Y
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Abstract
A microwave plasma combustion device includes a power source and microwave source system, a microwave transmission system, a cooling system, a microwave guide typed reaction container and a combustion device body. The combustion device mainly includes a microwave harmonic cavity 11, a central pipe 10, a pressure expansion nozzle 9, a cooling wind interface 2, a microwave transmission wave-guide interface 3, a metallic control pin 4, an adjusting piston 5, a first wind supply pipe for main combustion device 6, a combustion pipe 7,a nozzle for main combustion device 8. A sleeve 1 and a central pipe 10 are inside the microwave harmonic cavity 11. The central pipe 10 connects the pressure expansion nozzle 9 in the right. The central pipe 10 is provided with the metallic control pin 4, the microwave harmonic cavity connects the combustion pipe 7 in the right. First wind supply pipe for main combustion device 6 is at the outside of combustion pipe 7. The exit of first wind supply pipe is the nozzle for main combustion device 8. Microwave harmonic cavity 11 is provided with the adjusting piston 5. Microwave harmonic cavity 11 connects the cooling wind interface 2, the microwave transmission wave-guide interface 3. The combustion device lights up coal powder directly, the combustion is stable at low load, combustion completion time is short at high load thereby improves the output of original boiler.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the Burner Technology that a kind of microwave plasma is combustion-supporting, light and surely fire, and belongs to thermal power engineering or chemical machinery application, especially a kind of generating plant pulverized coal boiler microwave plasma burner.
Background technology
Heat power station boiler and other Industrial Boiler treat to be not in the pulverized-coal fired boiler, and shutdown process and steady combustion all can be used a large amount of combustion gas or fuel oil, cause a large amount of wastes.Along with rise in oil price in recent years, entreprise cost is increased.Introduce in its patent " pulverized-coal fired boiler eddy-current heating oil-free directly igniting burner " literary composition according to the academician Cen Kefa of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 years China more than 100,000 kilowatts the combustion-supporting cost of thermoelectricity fuel oil amount to RMB 10,400,000,000, along with installed capacity increase and oil price rise, cost is now increasing with the speed that surpasses every year 10%.
Because the flame-out power breakdown risk that causes of combustion process strengthens, the boiler deflagration accident having causes damage also quite big in addition; So be defined in the power industry in the large medium-size boiler and must use flame monitor, this shows for strengthening combustion stability necessary.
Igniting and steady combustion process cause the generating economy to descend with oil in a large number, and the fuel system maintenance cost increases.Oil and coal multifuel combustion increase the discharging of NO x and SO x in addition, and environmental pollution is serious.Because igniting use fuel oil and miscellaneous equipment input are slow, after obtaining the combustion instability signal, can not in time drop into and make flameholding, cause the generation of fire extinguishing and deflagration accident having.
Pulverized coal boiler ignition economy and security are insoluble problems always, supply of electric power at present is critical, require the station boiler peak modulation capacity strong, the microwave burning technical purpose is to realize non-oil ignition and steady combustion, improve boiler capability of fast response and overload capacity, peak valley contradiction is effectively extenuated.Mechanotronics and microwave chemical technology are now ripe, and organic the giving of they and mechanical combustion device closed the clean burning and the ignition difficulties that can partly solve present coal.Having now under the constant situation of installed capacity condition, effectively extenuating the contradiction and the peak regulation of China's shortage of electric power.Put combustion technology, high temperature air non-oil ignition technology with respect to other non-oil ignition technology such as arc-plasma, the microwave burning technology is that a kind of low temperature contactless, that chemical modification improves activation energy ignition technique, is a developing direction of following combustion technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of fuel that relates to, and comprises the microwave plasma burner of the lighting of fuel such as coal dust, water-coal-slurry, broken coal bits, oil gas, combustion-supporting and stable combustion technology.
The exciting and keeping of microwave plasma:
Generally, the characteristic of plasma is subjected to the control of quantity of parameters, is a multivariable problem.If improper, want then to explain that experimental result is just quite difficult to the parameter control that influences experimental result.Because energy density height, plasma are difficult to produce and keep, particularly steady-state discharge is more difficult.If utilizing high power microwave generator spare (multikilowatt), the electron density in the microwave plasma can be approaching by the determined critical density of electron plasma frequency.When using the microwave excitation plasma of 2.45G frequency, electron density equals 7 * 1016 electron number/rice, and the microwave excitation plasma can produce under normal pressure.Heating using microwave general under atmospheric pressure between parallel-plate the field intensity of 30KV/cm can puncture, but just passable under lower field intensity when the metal wedge angle, below 1KVcm, just can puncture.Avoid electric field breakdown possibly as possible when general heating using microwave, so constantly change not only will allow microwave transmission the time, micro-wave oven also will have rotating disk.Opposite with conventional heating using microwave, at the burner igniting initial stage, can utilize the guiding of metal wedge angle at the central field point of maximum intensity, allow breeze airflow reach spontaneous puncture in relatively low temperature, the power that needs in the time of can reducing to puncture at first like this, general puncture take place after, the power of microwave just can reduce can reach smooth combustion equally.So the power supply and the subsystem that need also do not require that peak power is equal to operating power, can be operated in economic load.
Microwave gas punctures:
When producing microwave gas when reaching breakdown field strength, the root-mean-square value (rms) of microwave electric field punctures.Electric-field intensity is:
In the formula, E
bBe the root-mean-square value of breakdown field strength, E
ObBe the peak value electric field intensity of electromagnetic radiation,
Be root mean square electric-field intensity.In order to eliminate the influence of impressed frequency ω, we define approximate and effective electric-field intensity frequency-independent, and the relation of it and actual electric field E is provided by following formula:
In the formula, E
ε jf 2Be the numerical value that the collision unmagnetized plasma is arranged, ω is the Electron Excitation frequency of representing with the per second radian, v
cBe the electricity effective momentum collision frequency.If microwave discharge is carried out in magnetic field, electron gyro-frequency is ω
c, driving frequency is ω, the effective electric-field intensity after then cancellation microwave frequency and the magnetic field resonance affects is represented with following formula:
In the formula, the requirement that produces microwave discharge is a root mean square electric-field intensity
Be greater than the breakdown value of gas, promptly
E
bBe breakdown field strength, its value and free space wavelength λ, gas ionization potential V
l, electron mean free path 1 is relevant with characteristic diffusion length Λ, can be written as: E
b=(λ, V
l, l, ∧) (V/m)
Microwave generally adopts microwave cavity to handle better to the air preliminary treatment, come firing coal-dust with high temperature air again if only add hot-air with resonator, compare with current vortex high temperature air firing technique so, it is low that heating using microwave can obtain the effect and the middle strong both sides of field intensity of body heat source, can not cause the sort of serious overtemperature of current vortex to tube wall.Better way is to utilize resonator to produce air plasma to participate in burning, and it is quite low that air plasma produces the some temperature, about 300 ℃ more, but the effect of lighting a fire is very good.The high temperature resistant requirement to equipment greatly reduces the temperature more than 4000 ℃ with respect to 1000 ℃ of high temperature air non-oil ignitions or arc plasma, has realized the low temperature clean burning.No matter be in box or waveguide type reactor, because distributing, the three-dimensional electric field in the resonator has the low inhomogeneities in middle high both sides, the position that fluid layer arrives burner also exists concentration difference and temperature difference, helps igniting.
Boiler microwave plasma burner described in the utility model comprises power supply and microwave source system, microwave transmission system, cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel (or microwave cavity) and burner body.Cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel (or microwave cavity) and burner body are made of microwave cavity, sleeve pipe, central tube, diffusion spout, cooling air interface, microwave transmission waveguide interface, metal control pin, regulating piston, wind carrier pipe of main burner, combustion tube, main burner spout.Central tube is loaded in the microwave cavity.Casing pipe sleeve is contained on the central tube.The central tube right-hand member connects the diffusion spout.Metal control pin is housed in the central tube.The microwave cavity right-hand member connects combustion tube.Wind carrier pipe of main burner is sleeved on the combustion tube outside.The port of export of a wind carrier pipe of main burner is the main burner spout.Regulating piston is housed in the microwave cavity.Microwave cavity is connected with cooling air interface, microwave transmission waveguide interface.
Central tube previous section material is the exotic material that microwave can conveniently penetrate, and the rear portion is a metal.
Metal control pin in the central tube can be a U type wire.
Exotic material Wei Tao Ci, quartz ampoule that microwave can conveniently penetrate.
Be provided with the slit between combustion tube and the diffusion spout.
Microwave generator is magnetron or prionotron.
Described boiler microwave plasma burner also can be to comprise power supply and microwave source system, microwave transmission system, cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel (or microwave cavity) and burner body.Cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel (or microwave cavity) and burner body are made of one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe, microwave waveguide interface tube, airduct of main fuel, waveguide type combustion tube, main burner spout.The right-hand member of one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe is the waveguide type combustion tube.One-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe is connected with the microwave waveguide interface tube.Duct sleeve of main fuel is contained in the waveguide type combustion tube outside.The port of export of an airduct of main fuel is the main burner spout.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1. when can be fully realizing the direct-fire of various fuel and underload without auxiliary fuels such as oil gas when steady combustion and high load capacity overheavy firing intensity improve original boiler output.
2. the high-performance dynamic response capability of microwave technology makes regulation and control convenient and stable.Microwave is response at a terrific speed behind power connection, is that oil gun and other technology can not be compared, and comprises that electromagnetic induction heating pipe technology, small oil gun technology also have than large dead time.After flame monitor produces the flame instability signal, can drop into smooth combustion rapidly, reduce the generation of fire extinguishing number of times and deflagration accident having.Significant to boiler safety.
This technology existing burner structure is changed little, can with the compound use of other combustion technology.
4. microwave generator can split, and also can concentrate to transmit the arrival burner again after producing microwave source, has made things convenient for layout.Can use existing surely fire, light and the basis of overheavy firing on strengthen again and optimum organization.
5. the microwave burning device reduces than the discharging of NO x that similar burner produced and SO x, shifts to high valence state especially.Uncompleted burned carbon (UBC) significantly reduces simultaneously.
6. the microwave burning device is compared with electromagnetic induction or arc plasma igniting, is that a kind of noncontact, chemical modification improve activation energy, reduce combustion system ignition point, energy simple and easy to control long-time running.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the utility model microwave plasma burner embodiment.
Fig. 2 is two of the utility model microwave plasma burner embodiment.
Among Fig. 1, wind carrier pipe of 1 sleeve pipe, 2 cooling air interface 3 microwave transmission waveguide interfaces, 4 metal control pin 5 regulating pistons, 6 main burners 7 combustion tubes 8 main burner spouts 9 diffusion spouts 10 central tubes 11 microwave cavities
Among Fig. 2, airduct of 1 one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe 2 microwave waveguide interface tubes, 3 main fuels 4 combustion tubes 5 main burner spouts
The specific embodiment
The utility model is a kind of boiler microwave plasma burner, comprises power supply and microwave generator system, cooling system, microwave transmission system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel (or resonator) and burner body.
Fig. 1 is one of microwave plasma burner embodiment, and igniter is that two-stage is caught fire, and 1 is sleeve pipe, and it can axial adjustment stretches into the length of reaction chamber, and by the adjusting amount of stretching into to regulate microwave to the irradiation of coal dust and the ratio of cooling air; 2 is the cooling air interface, and it can connect boiler secondary air and play combustion-supporting in system and the effect of cooling resonator; 3 are microwave transmission waveguide interface; 4 is the metal control pin in the central tube, the generation that it can induced plasma; 5 is regulating piston, and it can be used for regulating the resonator capacity; 6 is wind carrier pipe of main burner; 7 is combustion tube; 8 is the main burner spout; 9 is the diffusion spout; 10 is central tube, and its previous section material is exotic material (such as Tao Ci, the quartz ampoule etc. that microwave can conveniently penetrate), the rear portion is a metal, the plasma of microwave and generation thereof enters combustion tube from diffusion spout 9; Can must operate at safe temperature range by the exotic material pipe of microwave, owing to resonator, temperature is low on the central temperature flash on the practical work, and the design by suitable caliber resonant cavity can realize fully.Slit between combustion tube 7 and the diffusion spout 9 can make to be heated inhomogeneous free wxpansion and to produce the effect of bleeding and make the reduction of waveguide reactor pressure and prevent that coal dust from entering in addition; 11 is microwave cavity.This is breadboard device, may remove pipe 1 and piston 5, corresponding increase partial devices to the application of industry spot really.Keeping of plasma is the comparison difficulty, keeps distance so will shorten after plasma generation as far as possible, as early as possible igniting; Allow the gas of close wall be in low-temperature condition as far as possible, make tube wall be in safety dress attitude.If under the situation of not setting up plasma, simple heating using microwave fuel or air also help main burner igniting and smooth combustion in the device.
In the cold conditions ignition process, connect microwave power supply earlier and produce resonance, logical again secondary wind is swept, possess the back in ignition condition and feed one-level igniting coal dust, after the one-level coal dust is lighted, preheat burner and burner hearth are fit to can progressively to drop into main burner after a wind is directly lighted and burn when temperature rises to.
Fig. 2 is two of microwave plasma burner embodiment, and the basic principle of burner is the same with burner shown in Figure 1 with upstream equipment, and just burner body has been reduced to one with waveguide type reactor and combustion tube.1 is one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe, and 2 is the microwave waveguide interface tube, and 3 is airduct of main fuel, and 4 is combustion tube, and 5 is the main burner spout.Microwave carries out in combustion tube 4 plasma or the heating process of fuel.Its groundwork fundamental sum is shown in Figure 1 the same.
Microwave generation system: microwave source has powerful microwave generator spare, and as magnetron, prionotron produces microwave, distributed by international electromagnetic spectrum and the restriction that utilizes and present stage market product supply, adopt 915MHz or two wave bands of 2450MHz.For not producing enough power, can adopt multitube synthetic.Magnetron single tube power seriation in industry at present, 2450MHz is common to be 25KW, can select 1KW, 3KW, 5KW, 10KW etc. for use; 915MHz can select 500w, 5kw, 20kw, 50kw, 75kw, 100kw etc. for use.Present industrial production of microwave high power device and application are ripe.Because impulse wave has effect preferably than continuous wave, can modulate microwave pulse with power supply.
Microwave transmission system by: various waveguides and various waveguide component and isolator are formed.
The course of work:
When ignition condition is ripe in the stove, drop into the microwave generator preheating, begin a small amount of powder of throwing in the one-level igniter subsequently, rely on the heating of microwave produce power that the one-level igniter is caught fire, fuel quantity is adjusted in the back that catches fire.Stablize and preheating main burner and burner hearth when the one-level igniter catches fire, reach when main burner catches fire requirement and can throw main burner.Main burner can withdraw from microwave combustion system after catching fire and stablizing.Unstable and when still not putting out a fire when the stove internal combustion, can drop into microwave combustion system immediately, burning is tended towards stability.
Points for attention:
Because microwave has certain infringement to human body, so whether should consider suitable use native system for concrete boiler, particularly former control room is arranged in the boiler room, be considered carefully.Be also noted that and strengthen protection, add the layer of metal protective cover at burner.When the needs people is necessary during to the scene to stop using or adopt necessary protection equipment, as beats Jiao, blow ash, slagging etc.If boiler is non-film water cold wall structure, non-again have coated heat-insulation layer of metal or a protective cover outside the furnace wall.Should on the boiler exterior wall, adopt metal protection equipment, or consult designing institute and take suitable protective equipment.And whether the microwave radiation in the actual measurement working environment constitutes a threat to human body.
Claims (7)
1. microwave plasma burner, comprise power supply and microwave source system, microwave transmission system, cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel and burner body, it is characterized in that: cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel and burner body are made of microwave cavity, sleeve pipe, central tube, diffusion spout, cooling air interface, microwave transmission waveguide interface, metal control pin, regulating piston, wind carrier pipe of main burner, combustion tube, main burner spout; Central tube is loaded in the microwave cavity, casing pipe sleeve is contained on the central tube, the central tube right-hand member connects the diffusion spout, metal control pin is housed in the central tube, the microwave cavity right-hand member connects combustion tube, and wind carrier pipe of main burner is sleeved on the combustion tube outside, and the port of export of a wind carrier pipe is the main burner spout, regulating piston is housed in the microwave cavity, and microwave cavity is connected with cooling air interface, microwave transmission waveguide interface.
2. by the described microwave plasma burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that: central tube previous section material is the exotic material that microwave can conveniently penetrate, and the rear portion is a metal.
3. by the described microwave plasma burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the metal control pin in the central tube can be a U type wire.
4. by the described microwave plasma burner of claim 3, it is characterized in that: exotic material that microwave can conveniently penetrate Wei Tao Ci, quartz ampoule.
5. by the described microwave plasma burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that: leave the slit between combustion tube and the diffusion spout.
6. by the described microwave plasma burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that: microwave generator is magnetron or prionotron.
7. microwave plasma burner, comprise power supply and microwave source system, microwave transmission system, cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel and burner body, it is characterized in that: cooling system, microwave waveguide type reaction vessel and burner body are made of one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe, microwave waveguide interface tube, airduct of main fuel, waveguide type combustion tube, main burner spout; The right-hand member of one-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe is the waveguide type combustion tube; One-level igniting coal dust supplied materials pipe is connected with the microwave waveguide interface tube; Duct sleeve of main fuel is contained in the waveguide type combustion tube outside; The port of export of an airduct of main fuel is the main burner spout.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200620119810 CN2937841Y (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2006-06-15 | Microway plasma burner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200510118338 | 2005-11-01 | ||
| CN200510118338.8 | 2005-11-01 | ||
| CN 200620119810 CN2937841Y (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2006-06-15 | Microway plasma burner |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852444A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-10-06 | 白野 | Microwave plasma ignition device |
| CN102213424A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-10-12 | 通用电气公司 | Apparatus for high-frequency electromagnetic initiation of a combustion process |
| CN101852680B (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-06-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pneumatic resonance heating experimental device |
| TWI492267B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2015-07-11 | ||
| CN108253418A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-06 | 广州荣誉国际电工有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving burner |
| WO2020015065A1 (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-23 | 卢驭龙 | Flame generator apparatus and electric flame cooker |
-
2006
- 2006-06-15 CN CN 200620119810 patent/CN2937841Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852680B (en) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-06-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pneumatic resonance heating experimental device |
| CN102213424A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-10-12 | 通用电气公司 | Apparatus for high-frequency electromagnetic initiation of a combustion process |
| CN101852444A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-10-06 | 白野 | Microwave plasma ignition device |
| WO2011147230A1 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-01 | Bai Ye | Microwave plasma igniter |
| TWI492267B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2015-07-11 | ||
| CN108253418A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-06 | 广州荣誉国际电工有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving burner |
| CN108253418B (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2024-03-15 | 广州荣誉国际电工有限公司 | Energy-saving burner |
| WO2020015065A1 (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-01-23 | 卢驭龙 | Flame generator apparatus and electric flame cooker |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee | ||
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder |
Address after: Research and development department, Xuzhou Institute of combustion control, No. 12 Yang Shan Road, Jinshan Economic Development Zone, Jiangsu, Xuzhou 221004, China Patentee after: Yong Zhanfeng Address before: Beijing City, Daxing District Qingyuan Road, petroleum and chemical engineering, No. 53, zip code: 102617 Patentee before: Yong Zhanfeng |
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| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: YONG ZHAN-FENG Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: RD DEPARTMENT, XUZHOU COMBUSTION CONTROL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, NO. 12, YANGSHAN ROAD, JINSHANQIAO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ZONE, XUZHOU CITY, JIANGSU PROVINCE, ZIP CODE:221004 |
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |