CN115979188A - Hydraulic measurement equipment and method for measuring thickness of cold-rolled plate - Google Patents

Hydraulic measurement equipment and method for measuring thickness of cold-rolled plate Download PDF

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CN115979188A
CN115979188A CN202310272842.1A CN202310272842A CN115979188A CN 115979188 A CN115979188 A CN 115979188A CN 202310272842 A CN202310272842 A CN 202310272842A CN 115979188 A CN115979188 A CN 115979188A
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capacitive sensor
hydraulic medium
plate
liquid spraying
speed
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CN115979188B (en
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张彦杰
许志琦
张炜
张勇
王涛
蔺素宏
刘亚星
杜旺哲
李天佑
徐智慧
师玮
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cold-rolled sheet thickness measurement, and particularly relates to a hydraulic measuring device and method for cold-rolled sheet thickness measurement, wherein the device comprises a hydraulic loop system, a capacitance signal processing system and an upper computer, wherein the capacitance signal processing system comprises a preamplifier, an active filter, an OCL (optical clock) type power amplifier, a homodromous addition circuit and a homodromous subtraction circuit; the hydraulic medium hydraulic control system comprises a first capacitor sensor, a second capacitor sensor, a same-direction addition circuit, a same-direction subtraction circuit, a host computer and a hydraulic medium, wherein the two preamplifiers are respectively connected with the first capacitor sensor and the second capacitor sensor, the same-direction addition circuit is used for adding low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitor sensor and the second capacitor sensor, the same-direction subtraction circuit is used for subtracting the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitor sensor and the second capacitor sensor, and the output ends of the same-direction addition circuit and the same-direction subtraction circuit are both connected with the host computer.

Description

Hydraulic measurement equipment and method for measuring thickness of cold-rolled plate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cold-rolled sheet thickness measurement, and particularly relates to hydraulic measuring equipment and method for cold-rolled sheet thickness measurement.
Background
The cold-rolled sheet is a common carbon structural steel cold-rolled sheet for short, because the cold-rolled sheet is not heated in the production process, the defects of pockmarks, iron scales and the like which are often generated in hot rolling do not exist, the quality is good, the finish degree is high, the size precision of the cold-rolled product is high, and therefore the cold-rolled sheet is widely applied to industries such as automobile manufacturing, electric appliance products and the like, and meanwhile, the cold-rolled sheet has the characteristics of good coating performance and low price, and is widely applied to the industries such as household appliances, buildings and packaging.
The thickness of the cold-rolled sheet strip is an important index for the specification division of the cold-rolled sheet, the thickness control precision and the uniformity are directly related to the performance and the market sales condition of the sheet, and in the production process, the design and manufacture level, the automation control level and the process manufacture level of a rolling mill all influence the final thickness of the cold-rolled sheet, so that the thickness of the cold-rolled sheet needs to be detected by a detection device after the cold-rolled sheet is rolled.
Thickness gauges used for detecting the plate thickness of a plate and strip rolling mill are generally divided into two types, namely contact type and non-contact type, according to different measurement modes. The contact type, such as the most basic micrometer, is used for measuring the thickness off line, and cannot realize the closed-loop control of the thickness with a control system. The non-contact thickness gauge can be used for online connection thickness measurement, can perform data processing, storage and output, and can conveniently realize thickness closed-loop control with a control system to achieve the purpose of automatic thickness control. Non-contact thickness gauges generally fall into three broad categories, namely: an optical thickness gauge; an isotope thickness gauge; x-ray thickness gauge.
The optical thickness gauge adopts a low-coherence light interference measurement method to accurately measure the thickness, takes a wide-spectrum light source as a coherent light source, has short coherence length, and can generate an interference peak only when the optical paths of measurement light and reference light are equal, thereby having good space positioning characteristics. But the defects that the running speed of the measured object is limited in the optical thickness measuring process and the requirement of equipment on the production field environment is high exist. The isotope thickness gauge measures the thickness by adopting the principle that the thickness of a substance is different from the absorption and scattering of radiation, the ray emitted by the radioactive isotope is locally absorbed by the substance or scattered by the substance when passing through the measured substance, and the thickness of the material can be calculated by measuring the intensity of the transmitted ray or the scattered ray by using a probe. However, the radioactive substance is used for measuring potential damage to human bodies, and the radioactivity is accompanied with the detection substance, so that the storage and the use at the later stage are not facilitated. The X-ray thickness gauge utilizes the characteristic that when X-rays penetrate through a measured material, the intensity change of the X-rays is related to the thickness of the material, so that the thickness of the material is measured, and the X-ray thickness gauge is a non-contact dynamic measuring instrument. But the medium needs to be compensated in the detection process, and the detection in the production process needs to protect the human body of the related operating personnel from harm. The hydraulic cold-rolled sheet thickness measuring method adopts the principles of fluid statics and jet dynamics, the capacitive sensor collects jet flow motion parameters, and the jet flow motion parameters are processed by software and hardware respectively to realize thickness measurement, so that the defects of large detection medium radioactivity, high equipment cost and harsh equipment working conditions can be avoided, and the method has the advantages of wide hydraulic medium selection range, cyclic utilization of hydraulic medium, low equipment cost, adaptation of equipment working to production sites and realization of intelligent control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydraulic measuring device and a hydraulic measuring method for measuring the thickness of a cold-rolled plate aiming at the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydraulic measuring device for measuring the thickness of a cold-rolled plate comprises a hydraulic loop system, a capacitance signal processing system and an upper computer;
the hydraulic loop system comprises a fixed displacement pump, a variable displacement pump, a two-position four-way reversing valve, a first voltage meter, a second voltage meter, a third voltage meter, a first pilot overflow valve, a first speed regulating valve, a second speed regulating valve, an upper liquid spraying port, a lower liquid spraying port, a flow sensor, a first capacitance sensor and a second capacitance sensor, liquid inlets of the constant delivery pump and the variable delivery pump are connected with a hydraulic medium tank through pipelines, liquid outlets of the constant delivery pump and the variable delivery pump are respectively connected with two liquid inlets of a two-position four-way reversing valve, one working fluid port of the two-position four-way reversing valve is connected with the hydraulic medium tank, the other working fluid port of the two-position four-way reversing valve is connected with the fluid inlet of the first pilot-operated overflow valve, a first voltage dynamometer is arranged between the two-position four-way reversing valve and the first pilot overflow valve, the two-position four-way reversing valve, the first pressure gauge and the first pilot overflow valve form a main loop of the hydraulic loop system, the liquid inlets of the first speed regulating valve and the second speed regulating valve are both connected with the liquid outlet of the first pilot overflow valve, the first speed regulating valve is connected with the second electric pressure meter and the upper liquid spraying port in sequence to form an upper branch of the hydraulic loop system, the second speed regulating valve is connected with the third electric pressure gauge and the lower liquid spraying port in sequence to form a lower branch of the hydraulic loop system, the geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying opening and the lower liquid spraying opening are superposed, the flow sensor is arranged in the upper liquid spraying opening, the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper liquid spraying port, the first capacitive sensor is positioned on the left side of the upper liquid spraying port, and the second capacitive sensor is positioned on the right side of the upper liquid spraying port;
the capacitance signal processing system comprises a preamplifier, an active filter, an OCL type power amplifier, a homodromous addition circuit and a homodromous subtraction circuit; the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor are added by the same-direction adding circuit, the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor are subtracted by the same-direction subtracting circuit, and output ends of the same-direction adding circuit and the same-direction subtracting circuit are connected with an upper computer;
the upper computer is connected with the first voltage meter, the second voltage meter, the third voltage meter, the flow sensor, the OCL power amplifier, the homodromous addition circuit and the homodromous subtraction circuit and is used for receiving signals and processing the signals; the upper computer is also connected with the constant delivery pump, the variable delivery pump, the two-position four-way reversing valve, the first pilot overflow valve, the first speed regulating valve and the second speed regulating valve and is used for controlling working parameters of the constant delivery pump, the variable delivery pump, the two-position four-way reversing valve, the first pilot overflow valve, the first speed regulating valve and the second speed regulating valve according to set values and received signals.
A hydraulic measuring method for thickness measurement of cold rolled sheets, comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a hydraulic nozzle, wherein an upper liquid spraying port is installed above a plate to be detected, a lower liquid spraying port is installed below the plate to be detected, and the geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying port and the lower liquid spraying port are overlapped, so that a hydraulic medium sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port and the lower liquid spraying port can impact on the same point of the plate to be detected;
step 2, rotating the upper liquid spraying port to enable a connecting line of the upper liquid spraying port, the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor to be parallel to the moving direction of the plate to be detected;
step 3, controlling the pressure of the main loop by using the first voltage meter; set the main returnThe initial pressure of the hydraulic medium in the path is
Figure SMS_1
When the pressure of a hydraulic medium of the main loop is constant, the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve is positioned at the right position, only the fixed displacement pump works at the moment, and the variable displacement pump does not work; if the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main circuit decreases, the value in the first pressure table is less than the initial pressure>
Figure SMS_2
When the upper computer receives a signal of the first voltmeter, the upper computer controls a valve core in the two-position four-way reversing valve to work from the initial right displacement to the left displacement, and at the moment, the variable pump and the fixed displacement pump work simultaneously to maintain the constant pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main loop; />
Step 4, setting the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch circuit as
Figure SMS_3
The pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch is->
Figure SMS_4
And the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch and the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the lower branch are respectively regulated by utilizing the first speed regulating valve and the second speed regulating valve, and because the hydraulic medium in the lower loop is sprayed upwards, the condition of 'spraying upwards' exists, and the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch is set for balancing the impact of the upper liquid spraying port and the lower liquid spraying port on the plate>
Figure SMS_5
Less than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch>
Figure SMS_6
；
Step 5, directly acquiring the speed of the hydraulic medium sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port by using the flow sensor
Figure SMS_7
；
Step 6, amplifying low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor through a preamplifier;
step 7, filtering the amplified low-frequency voltage signal through an active filter;
step 8, performing power amplification processing on the low-frequency voltage signal after filtering processing by using an OCL (optical clock line) type power amplifier;
step 9, measuring the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 9.1, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium rebounds from the plate and impacts the first capacitive sensor by using the formula (1)
Figure SMS_8
：
Figure SMS_9
(1)
In the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure SMS_10
is the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates of the first capacitive sensor, is greater than or equal to>
Figure SMS_11
Is the area opposite to the capacitor plates of the first capacitive sensor, and>
Figure SMS_12
is the electrostatic force constant of the capacitive sensor # and->
Figure SMS_13
The amount of charge of a capacitive sensor, based on>
Figure SMS_14
Is a voltage time domain function of the voltage of the first capacitive sensor after filtering, amplification and power amplification processing>
Figure SMS_15
The speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor is obtained;
considering that the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor in the process of moving the plate from left to right, the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor is considered as follows:
Figure SMS_16
(2)
wherein the above equations are all considered as vector relationships,
Figure SMS_17
the speed of the hydraulic medium rebounding to the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor after impacting the surface of the plate in a static state of the plate is selected, and the plate is selected>
Figure SMS_18
The speed fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction caused by the horizontal movement of the plate is adopted;
step 9.2, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the second capacitive sensor after rebounding from the plate by using the formula (3)
Figure SMS_19
：
Figure SMS_20
(3)
In the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure SMS_21
a dielectric constant between capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor, based on the capacitance value of the first capacitive sensor>
Figure SMS_22
The positive area between the capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor is greater than or equal to the positive area between the capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor>
Figure SMS_23
Electrostatic force constant for capacitive sensor two->
Figure SMS_24
A charge amount of a capacitive sensor # two, # r>
Figure SMS_25
Is a voltage time domain function of the voltage of the second capacitive sensor after filtering, amplifying and power amplifying treatment,
Figure SMS_26
the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor is obtained;
in the process that the plate moves from left to right, the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor, so that the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor is considered as follows:
Figure SMS_27
(4)
wherein the above formulas are all considered as vector relations;
step 10, performing subtraction processing on the two groups of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification by using a homodromous subtraction circuit:
Figure SMS_28
(5)
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure SMS_29
represents the pressure medium speed voltage difference when the plate belt is stationary, and>
Figure SMS_30
represents the voltage at which the hydraulic medium strikes the capacitive sensor # and->
Figure SMS_31
The voltage obtained by impacting the second capacitive sensor by the hydraulic medium is represented;
step 11, adding the two groups of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification by using a homodromous addition circuit:
Figure SMS_32
(6)
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_33
representing the speed voltage difference of the hydraulic medium when the plate belt moves;
the velocity fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction due to the horizontal movement of the plate material
Figure SMS_34
：
Figure SMS_35
(7)
The speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the surface of the plate in a static state and then rebounds to reach the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor
Figure SMS_36
：
Figure SMS_37
(8)
The height difference between the upper liquid spraying port and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by using a formula (9)
Figure SMS_38
：
Figure SMS_39
(9)
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_40
is at ambient atmospheric pressure, and>
Figure SMS_41
is the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the upper branch>
Figure SMS_42
Is based on gravity acceleration>
Figure SMS_43
Is the hydraulic medium density;
step 12, setting a reference position: will be known to have a thickness of
Figure SMS_44
The plate is placed at a position to be detected for detection, and the height difference between the upper liquid spraying opening and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by a formula (9)>
Figure SMS_45
In combination with the thickness of the board>
Figure SMS_46
And the height difference between the upper liquid spraying opening and the upper surface of the plate is->
Figure SMS_47
Can obtain the distance between the upper liquid spraying port and the lower surface of the plate to be detected>
Figure SMS_48
：
Figure SMS_49
(10)
Step 13, the thickness of the plate detected thereafter
Figure SMS_50
Can be obtained from formula (11):
Figure SMS_51
(11)。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the devices used by the equipment provided by the patent are standard parts, so that the purchase cost is low, the device structure is simple, the installation and debugging are easy, and the maintenance and the replacement are convenient and fast;
2. the device adopts the basic principle of fluid dynamics, and has wide selection range of hydraulic medium, strong environmental interference resistance and good working condition adaptability;
3. the equipment sensitivity is higher, and the built-in hardware signal processing module of equipment can show and promote measurement accuracy and measurement stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic circuit system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a capacitive signal processing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a preamplifier of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an active filter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an OCL-type power amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the homodromous subtraction circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a homodyne addition circuit of the present invention;
in the figure, a constant delivery pump-1, a variable delivery pump-2, a two-position four-way reversing valve-3, a first pressure gauge-4, a second pressure gauge-5, a third pressure gauge-6, a first pilot overflow valve-7, a first speed regulating valve-8, a second speed regulating valve-9, an upper liquid spraying port-10, a lower liquid spraying port-11, a flow sensor-12, a first capacitive sensor-13, a second capacitive sensor-14, a preamplifier-15, an active filter-16, an OCL type power amplifier-17, a homodromous addition circuit-18, a homodromous subtraction circuit-19, an upper computer-20 and a hydraulic medium tank-21.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a hydraulic measuring device for measuring the thickness of a cold-rolled plate comprises a hydraulic circuit system, a capacitance signal processing system and an upper computer 20;
the hydraulic loop system comprises a fixed displacement pump 1, a variable displacement pump 2, a two-position four-way reversing valve 3, a first voltage force meter 4, a second voltage force meter 5, a third voltage force meter 6, a first pilot overflow valve 7, a first speed regulating valve 8, a second speed regulating valve 9, an upper liquid spraying port 10, a lower liquid spraying port 11, a flow sensor 12, a first capacitance sensor 13 and a second capacitance sensor 14, wherein liquid inlets of the fixed displacement pump 1 and the variable displacement pump 2 are connected with a hydraulic medium tank 21 through pipelines, liquid outlets of the fixed displacement pump 1 and the variable displacement pump 2 are respectively connected with two liquid inlets of the two-position four-way reversing valve 3, one working liquid port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 3 is connected with the hydraulic medium tank 21, the other working liquid port of the two-position four-way reversing valve 3 is connected with a liquid inlet of the first pilot overflow valve 7, the first voltage force meter 4 is arranged between the two-position four-way reversing valve 3 and the first pilot overflow valve 7, the two-position four-way reversing valve 3, the first pressure gauge 4 and the first pilot overflow valve 7 form a main loop of a hydraulic loop system, liquid inlets of the first speed regulating valve 8 and the second speed regulating valve 9 are connected with a liquid outlet of the first pilot overflow valve 7, the first speed regulating valve 8 is sequentially connected with the second pressure gauge 5 and an upper liquid spraying port 10 to form an upper loop of the hydraulic loop system, the second speed regulating valve 9 is sequentially connected with the third pressure gauge 6 and a lower liquid spraying port 11 to form a lower loop of the hydraulic loop system, geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying port 10 and the lower liquid spraying port 11 are overlapped, the flow sensor 12 is installed in the upper liquid spraying port 10 and used for measuring the initial speed of a hydraulic medium sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port 10, the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14 are symmetrically installed on two sides of the upper liquid spraying port 10, the first capacitive sensor 13 is positioned on the left side of the upper liquid spraying port 10, and the second capacitive sensor 14 is positioned on the right side of the upper liquid spraying port 10;
the capacitance signal processing system comprises a preamplifier 15, an active filter 16, an OCL type power amplifier 17, a homodromous addition circuit 18 and a homodromous subtraction circuit 19; an OCL type power amplifier 17, an active filter 16 and a preamplifier 15 are sequentially connected in front of the same-direction addition circuit 18 and the same-direction subtraction circuit 19, the two preamplifiers 15 are respectively connected with the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14, the two groups of preamplifiers 15, the active filter 16 and the OCL type power amplifier 17 are respectively used for processing low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14, the same-direction addition circuit 18 is used for adding low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14, the same-direction subtraction circuit 19 is used for subtracting the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14, and output ends of the same-direction addition circuit 18 and the same-direction subtraction circuit 19 are connected with an upper computer 20;
the upper computer 20 is connected with the first voltmeter 4, the second voltmeter 5, the third voltmeter 6, the flow sensor 12, the OCL type power amplifier 17, the homodromous addition circuit 18 and the homodromous subtraction circuit 19 and is used for receiving and processing signals; the upper computer 20 is also connected with the constant delivery pump 1, the variable delivery pump 2, the two-position four-way reversing valve 3, the first pilot overflow valve 7, the first speed regulating valve 8 and the second speed regulating valve 9 and is used for controlling working parameters of the constant delivery pump according to set values and received signals.
A hydraulic measurement method for cold-rolled sheet thickness measurement, comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing a hydraulic nozzle, wherein an upper liquid spraying port 10 is installed above a plate to be detected, a lower liquid spraying port 11 is installed below the plate to be detected, and the geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying port 10 and the lower liquid spraying port 11 are overlapped, so that hydraulic media sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port 10 and the lower liquid spraying port 11 can impact on the same point of the plate to be detected;
step 2, rotating the upper liquid spraying port 10 to enable a connecting line of the upper liquid spraying port 10, the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14 to be parallel to the movement direction of the plate to be detected;
step 3, controlling the pressure of the main loop by using a first voltage meter 4; setting the initial pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main circuit to
Figure SMS_52
When the pressure of a hydraulic medium of the main loop is constant, the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve 3 is positioned at the right position, only the fixed displacement pump 1 works at the moment, and the variable displacement pump 2 does not work; if the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main circuit decreases, the value in the first pressure table 4 is less than the initial pressure>
Figure SMS_53
If the upper computer 20 receives the signal of the first voltmeter 4, the two-position four-way valve is controlledA valve core in the reversing valve 3 works from the initial right displacement to the left displacement, and at the moment, the variable pump 2 and the fixed displacement pump 1 work simultaneously to maintain the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main loop to be constant;
step 4, setting the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch circuit as
Figure SMS_54
The pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch is->
Figure SMS_55
And the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch and the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the lower branch are respectively adjusted by utilizing the first speed regulating valve 8 and the second speed regulating valve 9, and as the hydraulic medium in the lower loop is sprayed upwards, the condition of 'upward spraying' exists, and the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch is set for balancing the impact of an upper liquid spraying port 10 and a lower liquid spraying port 11 on a plate>
Figure SMS_56
Less than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch>
Figure SMS_57
；
Step 5, directly acquiring the speed of the hydraulic medium sprayed out from the upper liquid spraying port 10 by using the flow sensor 12
Figure SMS_58
；
Step 6, amplifying the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14 through a preamplifier 15;
step 7, filtering the amplified low-frequency voltage signal through an active filter 16;
step 8, performing power amplification processing on the low-frequency voltage signal after filtering processing by using an OCL (optical clock line) type power amplifier 17;
step 9, measuring the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 9.1, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the first capacitive sensor 13 after rebounding from the plate by using the formula (1)
Figure SMS_59
：
Figure SMS_60
(1)
In the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure SMS_61
is the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates of the first capacitive sensor 13, is->
Figure SMS_62
Is the area opposite to the capacitor plates of the first capacitive sensor 13>
Figure SMS_63
Is the electrostatic force constant of the capacitive sensor number one 13, is present>
Figure SMS_64
Is the charge quantity of the capacitive sensor number one 13, is greater or less>
Figure SMS_65
Is a voltage time domain function of the voltage of the first capacitive sensor 13 after filtering, amplification and power amplification processing>
Figure SMS_66
The velocity at which the hydraulic medium impacts the first capacitive sensor 13;
considering that the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor 13 in the process of moving the plate from left to right, the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor 13 is considered as follows:
Figure SMS_67
(2)
wherein the above equations are all considered as vector relationships,
Figure SMS_68
for the hydraulic medium to be stationary in the sheetThe speed when the plate rebounds to reach the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14 after impacting the surface of the plate in the state, and the plate is judged according to the speed>
Figure SMS_69
The speed fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction caused by the horizontal movement of the plate is adopted;
step 9.2, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium rebounds from the plate and impacts the second capacitive sensor 14 by using the formula (3)
Figure SMS_70
：
Figure SMS_71
(3)
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_72
is the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor 14, is->
Figure SMS_73
The area between the capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor 14 opposite to each other>
Figure SMS_74
Constant electrostatic force in combination with capacitive sensor number two 14>
Figure SMS_75
The amount of charge of the capacitive sensor No. two 14, <' >>
Figure SMS_76
Is a voltage time domain function after the voltage of the second capacitive sensor 14 is filtered, amplified and is amplified, and then is subjected to sound amplification and sound amplification>
Figure SMS_77
The velocity at which the hydraulic medium impacts the second capacitive sensor 14;
considering that the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor 14 in the process of moving the plate from left to right, the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor 14 is considered as follows:
Figure SMS_78
(4)
wherein the above formulas are all considered as vector relations;
step 10, subtracting the two sets of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification by using the equidirectional subtraction circuit 19:
Figure SMS_79
(5)
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_80
represents the pressure medium speed voltage difference when the plate belt is stationary, and>
Figure SMS_81
represents the voltage resulting from the hydraulic medium striking the capacitive sensor number one 13, is present>
Figure SMS_82
Represents the voltage resulting from the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor 14;
step 11, the two groups of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification are added by the homodromous adding circuit 18:
Figure SMS_83
(6)
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_84
representing the speed voltage difference of the hydraulic medium when the plate belt moves;
the velocity fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction due to the horizontal movement of the plate material
Figure SMS_85
：
Figure SMS_86
(7)
The speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the surface of the plate in a static state of the plate and then rebounds to reach the first capacitive sensor 13 and the second capacitive sensor 14
Figure SMS_87
：/>
Figure SMS_88
(8)
The height difference between the upper liquid spraying port 10 and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by using the formula (9)
Figure SMS_89
：
Figure SMS_90
(9)
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure SMS_91
is at ambient atmospheric pressure, and>
Figure SMS_92
is the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the upper branch>
Figure SMS_93
Is based on gravity acceleration>
Figure SMS_94
Is the hydraulic medium density;
step 12, setting a reference position: will be known to have a thickness of
Figure SMS_95
The plate is placed at a position to be detected for detection, and the height difference between the upper liquid spraying opening 10 and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by a formula (9)>
Figure SMS_96
Combined with the thickness of the plate>
Figure SMS_97
And the upper liquid spray opening 10 has a height difference of ^ 5 from the upper surface of the plate>
Figure SMS_98
The distance between the upper spray nozzle 10 and the lower surface of the plate to be tested can be determined>
Figure SMS_99
：
Figure SMS_100
(10)
Step 13, the thickness of the plate detected thereafter
Figure SMS_101
Can be obtained from formula (11):
Figure SMS_102
(11)。
while there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the essential features and advantages of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (2)

1. A hydraulic measuring device for measuring the thickness of a cold-rolled plate is characterized in that: comprises a hydraulic loop system, a capacitance signal processing system and an upper computer (20);
the hydraulic loop system comprises a metering pump (1), a variable pump (2), a two-position four-way reversing valve (3), a first voltage meter (4), a second voltage meter (5), a third voltage meter (6), a first pilot overflow valve (7), a first speed regulating valve (8), a second speed regulating valve (9), an upper liquid spraying port (10), a lower liquid spraying port (11), a flow sensor (12), a first capacitive sensor (13) and a second capacitive sensor (14), wherein liquid inlets of the metering pump (1) and the variable pump (2) are connected with a hydraulic medium tank (21) through pipelines, liquid outlets of the metering pump (1) and the variable pump (2) are respectively connected with two liquid inlets of the two-position four-way reversing valve (3), one working liquid inlet of the two-position four-way reversing valve (3) is connected with the hydraulic medium tank (21), the other working liquid inlet of the two-position four-way reversing valve (3) is connected with the first pilot overflow valve (7), a first working liquid inlet of the two-position four-way reversing valve (3) and a first pilot overflow valve (7) are arranged between the first pilot overflow valve (3) and the first pilot overflow valve (7), and a first pilot overflow valve (7) are arranged on the first pilot overflow valve (7), and a first pilot overflow valve (9) of the first pilot overflow valve (7), and a first pilot overflow valve (7) constitute a main pressure loop of the first pilot overflow valve (9), and a first pilot overflow valve (7) of the first pilot pressure regulating valve (7), and a first pilot pressure regulating valve (9) are arranged between the four-position four-way reversing valve (7) and a first pressure regulating valve (7) of the four-way reversing valve (7), and a second pressure regulating valve (7) are arranged on the first pressure loop system, and a second pressure loop 7) The first speed regulating valve (8) is sequentially connected with a second voltage dynamometer (5) and an upper liquid spraying port (10) to form an upper branch of a hydraulic circuit system, the second speed regulating valve (9) is sequentially connected with a third voltage dynamometer (6) and a lower liquid spraying port (11) to form a lower branch of the hydraulic circuit system, the geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying port (10) and the lower liquid spraying port (11) are superposed, the flow sensor (12) is installed in the upper liquid spraying port (10) and used for measuring the initial speed of a hydraulic medium sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port (10), the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14) are symmetrically installed on two sides of the upper liquid spraying port (10), the first capacitive sensor (13) is located on the left side of the upper liquid spraying port (10), and the second capacitive sensor (14) is located on the right side of the upper liquid spraying port (10);
the capacitance signal processing system comprises a preamplifier (15), an active filter (16), an OCL type power amplifier (17), a homodromous addition circuit (18) and a homodromous subtraction circuit (19); an OCL type power amplifier (17), an active filter (16) and a preamplifier (15) are sequentially connected in front of the homodromous addition circuit (18) and the homodromous subtraction circuit (19), the two preamplifiers (15) are respectively connected with a first capacitive sensor (13) and a second capacitive sensor (14), the two groups of preamplifiers (15), the active filter (16) and the OCL type power amplifier (17) are respectively used for processing low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14), the homodromous addition circuit (18) is used for adding low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14), the homodromous subtraction circuit (19) is used for subtracting the low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14), and output ends of the homodromous addition circuit (18) and the homodromous subtraction circuit (19) are connected with an upper computer (20);
the upper computer (20) is connected with the first voltage meter (4), the second voltage meter (5), the third voltage meter (6), the flow sensor (12), the OCL type power amplifier (17), the same-direction addition circuit (18) and the same-direction subtraction circuit (19) and is used for receiving signals and processing the signals; the upper computer (20) is also connected with the constant delivery pump (1), the variable delivery pump (2), the two-position four-way reversing valve (3), the first pilot overflow valve (7), the first speed regulating valve (8) and the second speed regulating valve (9) and is used for controlling working parameters of the constant delivery pump according to set values and received signals.
2. A hydraulic measuring method for thickness measurement of a cold-rolled sheet using the hydraulic measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a hydraulic nozzle, wherein an upper liquid spraying port (10) is installed above a plate to be detected, a lower liquid spraying port (11) is installed below the plate to be detected, and the geometric axes of the upper liquid spraying port (10) and the lower liquid spraying port (11) are overlapped, so that hydraulic media sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port (10) and the lower liquid spraying port (11) can impact on the same point of the plate to be detected;
step 2, rotating the upper liquid spraying port (10) to enable a connecting line of the upper liquid spraying port (10), the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14) to be parallel to the moving direction of the plate to be detected;
step 3, controlling the pressure intensity of the main loop by using a first voltage dynamometer (4); setting the initial pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main circuit to
Figure QLYQS_1
When the pressure of a hydraulic medium of the main loop is constant, the valve core of the two-position four-way reversing valve (3) is positioned at the right position, only the fixed displacement pump (1) works at the moment, and the variable displacement pump (2) does not work; if the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main circuit decreases, the value in the first voltmeter (4) is less than the initial pressure>
Figure QLYQS_2
If the upper computer (20) receives the signal of the first voltage meter (4), the upper computer controls the valve core in the two-position four-way reversing valve (3) to work from the initial right displacement to the left displacement, and at the moment, the variable pump (2) and the fixed displacement pump (1) work simultaneously to maintain the constant pressure of the hydraulic medium in the main loop;
step 4, setting the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch circuit as
Figure QLYQS_3
The pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch is->
Figure QLYQS_4
And a first speed regulating valve (8) and a second speed regulating valve (9) are utilized to divideThe pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch and the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the lower branch are respectively set, the hydraulic medium in the lower loop is sprayed upwards, the upper spraying condition exists, the pressure of the hydraulic medium of the upper branch is set for balancing the impact of an upper liquid spraying port (10) and a lower liquid spraying port (11) on the plate>
Figure QLYQS_5
Less than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the lower branch>
Figure QLYQS_6
；
Step 5, directly acquiring the speed of the hydraulic medium sprayed out of the upper liquid spraying port (10) by using the flow sensor (12)
Figure QLYQS_7
；
Step 6, amplifying low-frequency voltage signals of the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14) through a preamplifier (15);
step 7, filtering the amplified low-frequency voltage signal through an active filter (16);
step 8, performing power amplification processing on the low-frequency voltage signal after filtering processing by using an OCL (optical clock line) type power amplifier (17);
step 9, measuring the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the two capacitive sensors, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 9.1, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the first capacitive sensor (13) after rebounding from the plate by using the formula (1)
Figure QLYQS_8
：
Figure QLYQS_9
(1)
In the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure QLYQS_10
is the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates of a first capacitive sensor (13)>
Figure QLYQS_11
Is the area opposite to the capacitance pole plate of the first capacitance sensor (13) and is combined with the capacitance pole plate>
Figure QLYQS_12
Is constant for the electrostatic force of the capacitive sensor number one (13), is present in the cylinder>
Figure QLYQS_13
Is the charge quantity of a capacitance-type sensor (13)>
Figure QLYQS_14
Is a voltage time domain function after the voltage of the first capacitive sensor (13) is filtered, amplified and is amplified and amplified>
Figure QLYQS_15
The speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the first capacitive sensor (13);
considering that the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor (13) in the process of moving the plate from left to right, the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the first capacitive sensor (13) is considered as follows:
Figure QLYQS_16
(2)
wherein the above equations are all considered as vector relationships,
Figure QLYQS_17
the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the surface of the plate in a static state and then rebounds to reach the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14) is selected, and the pressure is adjusted according to the requirements>
Figure QLYQS_18
The speed fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction caused by the horizontal movement of the plate is adopted;
step 9.2, calculating the speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium rebounds from the plate and impacts the second capacitive sensor (14) by using the formula (3)
Figure QLYQS_19
：
Figure QLYQS_20
(3)
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure QLYQS_21
is the dielectric constant between the capacitor plates of the second capacitive sensor (14)>
Figure QLYQS_22
Is the area opposite to the capacitance pole plate of the second capacitance sensor (14) and is combined with the capacitance pole plate>
Figure QLYQS_23
Is constant for the electrostatic force of the capacitive sensor No. two (14)>
Figure QLYQS_24
Is the charge quantity of the capacitive sensor (14) greater than or equal to>
Figure QLYQS_25
Is a voltage time domain function after the voltage of the second capacitive sensor (14) is filtered, amplified and is amplified and amplified>
Figure QLYQS_26
The speed when the hydraulic medium impacts the second capacitive sensor (14);
considering that the moving speed of the plate in the horizontal direction influences the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor (14) in the process of moving the plate from left to right, the speed of the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor (14) is considered as follows:
Figure QLYQS_27
(4)
wherein the above formulas are all considered as vector relations;
and step 10, performing subtraction processing on the two groups of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification by using a homodromous subtraction circuit (19):
Figure QLYQS_28
(5)
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure QLYQS_29
represents the pressure medium speed voltage difference when the plate belt is stationary, and>
Figure QLYQS_30
represents the voltage that the hydraulic medium has struck the capacitive sensor (13) in question, is greater than or equal to>
Figure QLYQS_31
The voltage obtained by the hydraulic medium impacting the second capacitive sensor (14) is represented;
and step 11, adding the two groups of low-frequency voltage signals after power amplification by using a homodromous addition circuit (18):
Figure QLYQS_32
(6)
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure QLYQS_33
representing the speed voltage difference of the hydraulic medium when the plate belt moves;
the velocity fluctuation of the hydraulic medium in the vertical direction due to the horizontal movement of the plate material
Figure QLYQS_34
：
Figure QLYQS_35
(7)
The speed of the hydraulic medium when the hydraulic medium impacts the surface of the plate in a static state of the plate and then rebounds to reach the first capacitive sensor (13) and the second capacitive sensor (14)
Figure QLYQS_36
：
Figure QLYQS_37
(8)
The height difference between the upper liquid spraying port (10) and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by using a formula (9)
Figure QLYQS_38
：
Figure QLYQS_39
(9)
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure QLYQS_40
is at ambient atmospheric pressure, and>
Figure QLYQS_41
for the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the upper branch>
Figure QLYQS_42
Is based on gravity acceleration>
Figure QLYQS_43
Is the hydraulic medium density;
step 12, setting a reference position: will be known to have a thickness of
Figure QLYQS_44
The plate is placed at a position to be detected for detection, and the height difference between the upper liquid spraying opening (10) and the upper surface of the plate is obtained by a formula (9)>
Figure QLYQS_45
Combined with the thickness of the plate>
Figure QLYQS_46
And the height difference between the upper liquid spraying opening (10) and the upper surface of the plate is->
Figure QLYQS_47
The distance from the upper liquid spraying port (10) to the lower surface of the plate to be detected can be obtained
Figure QLYQS_48
：
Figure QLYQS_49
(10)
Step 13, the thickness of the plate detected thereafter
Figure QLYQS_50
Can be obtained from formula (11):
Figure QLYQS_51
(11)。/>
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