CN115979040A

CN115979040A - High-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device and method

Info

Publication number: CN115979040A
Application number: CN202211626163.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑楠; 刘黄; 魏进家
Original assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2022-12-15
Filing date: 2022-12-15
Publication date: 2023-04-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for recovering waste heat of high-temperature mixed particles and integrating screening, wherein the device comprises a screening body, and a gas distribution section, a fluidization section, a sorting section and an outlet section which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top are arranged in a cavity in the screening body; the fluidization section comprises a plurality of fluidization bins, wherein the bottom of each fluidization bin is provided with a distribution plate, the top of each fluidization bin is provided with a V-shaped sieve plate, and the fluidization bins are a plurality of independent fluidization bins and are arranged adjacently; a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in each fluidization chamber; the sorting section comprises a particle inlet pipe arranged on the screening body, and a nozzle array is arranged below the particle inlet pipe. According to the invention, two independent functions of wide-screening particle size particle screening and high-temperature particle waste heat recovery are integrated into one set of equipment, so that not only can high-efficiency waste heat recovery be carried out on particles with different particle sizes, but also the particles subjected to waste heat recovery can be conveniently classified and utilized, and the equipment has lower energy loss and lower equipment production and operation and maintenance costs.

Description

High-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-solid fluidized beds and heat exchangers, and relates to a high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device and method.

Background

In industrial production, a large amount of high-temperature products, byproducts, waste residues and the like are generated, and exist in the form of solid particles, and a large amount of waste heat resources are contained in the particles. At present, the high-temperature solid bulk materials generated in the industries of metallurgy, building materials and the like per year exceed 45 hundred million tons, and the amount of residual heat resources contained is more than 1 million tons compared with standard coal. Most of high-temperature solid bulk materials in industrial production belong to particle mixtures with wide particle size distribution, and the density variation range and the particle size coverage range are wide (generally, the particle size is in the micron-mm grade). The particles with different particle diameters have large difference in physical properties, different heat exchange coefficients and heat exchange rules, and have the obvious problems of large difficulty in waste heat recovery and low efficiency.

The waste heat recovery of the particles is mainly realized based on the particle heat exchanger. The particle heat exchanger can be classified into a fixed bed, a moving bed, a fluidized bed, and the like according to the flow state of particles. The fluidized bed heat exchanger utilizes gas to fluidize solid particles, and improves the fluidity of the particles, thereby obviously improving the heat transfer coefficient of the particle side and enabling high-temperature particles to release heat quickly and efficiently. The industrial high-temperature solid bulk mainly comprises sintered ore, cement, vanadium-titanium slag, pellets, coke and the like, and has the characteristic of wide particle size distribution, wherein the high-temperature bulk with the particle size distribution range of 0.1-20 mm is the most common. The different particle sizes of the particles have different residence times in the fluidized bed and different heat transfer capacities with the heat transfer fluid. In addition, the wide-sized particles are easy to separate in the fluidization process, and the fluidization quality is obviously deteriorated; agglomeration can also be formed between different particle phases and between the particle phase and the wall surface, and a gas-solid flow passage is blocked, so that the stability and uniformity of the fluidization process are influenced. Therefore, before waste heat recovery is performed on the wide-sized particles, the mixed material needs to be sieved. The particle size range after sieving can be determined according to the use of the granules, and is generally divided into the following 5 grades: silt (< 0.125 mm), fine sand (0.125-0.25 mm), medium sand (0.25-0.5 mm), coarse sand (0.5-1 mm), ultra-coarse sand (1-2 mm) and the like. In the existing particle screening technology, screening of particles by using a screen, a vibrating screen and the like is a mainstream scheme. Although the method has the advantages of high screening precision and relatively simple and convenient operation, the problems of easy blockage of the screen plate, discontinuous screening, low efficiency and the like exist.

At present, the screening of mixture materials and the recovery of particle waste heat belong to two independent technical fields, and the technical scheme that the screening and the particle waste heat are integrated in the same device is rarely reported. If can integrate two different processes of granule screening and waste heat recovery in a set of system, then both can effectively reduce the energy loss of above-mentioned process, also can show the production and the operation and maintenance cost that reduce the device.

Patent CN108662923A discloses a device for recovering waste heat of high-temperature wide-screening particle size bulk materials, which utilizes a 'strip-shaped' sieve plate to screen particles with different particle sizes, and utilizes embedded pipes with different pipe diameters to recover the waste heat of the screened particles. This technical solution has the following three problems: (1) The sieve plate is easy to block in the sieving process, and the energy consumption, the cost and the operation control difficulty of the system are increased by adopting a mechanical vibration device; (2) The sieve plate is fixed in size, only mixed particles with specific particle size distribution and density distribution can be sieved, and the flexibility is lacked; (3) The waste heat of the screened particles is recovered by utilizing the moving bed, the heat transfer coefficient of the particle phase and the wall surface of the embedded pipe is low, the heat transfer area is obviously increased, and the economical efficiency of the waste heat recovery process is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for an integrated device and method for effectively screening and recovering waste heat of high-temperature wide-screened particle size bulk material to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for recycling and screening waste heat of high-temperature mixed particles, which can integrate two independent functions of wide-screening particle size particle screening and high-temperature particle waste heat recycling into one set of equipment, can efficiently recycle waste heat of particles with different particle sizes, can conveniently classify and utilize the particles after waste heat recycling, and have less energy loss and lower equipment production and operation and maintenance costs.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device comprises a screening body, wherein a gas distribution section, a fluidization section, a separation section and an outlet section are sequentially communicated with a cavity in the screening body from bottom to top;

the fluidization section comprises a plurality of fluidization bins, wherein the bottom of each fluidization bin is provided with a distribution plate, the top of each fluidization bin is provided with a V-shaped sieve plate, and the fluidization bins are a plurality of independent fluidization bins and are arranged adjacently; a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in each fluidization chamber;

the sorting section comprises a particle inlet pipe arranged on the screening body, and a nozzle array is arranged below the particle inlet pipe.

Further, the air distribution section comprises a plurality of air chambers, wherein a fluidized air inlet is formed in the bottom end of each air chamber, and a fluidized air regulating valve is arranged at the fluidized air inlet.

Furthermore, the air chamber is of an inverted cone structure.

Further, a particle outlet is arranged at the bottom of each fluidization bin.

Furthermore, the particle inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, and a spoiler is arranged above the outlet of the particle inlet pipe.

Further, the inner end of the particle inlet pipe is provided with a roller.

Further, the roller is of a cylindrical structure; a group of scraping blades are arranged on the rotating roller at equal angle intervals; the rotary roller is connected with a variable frequency motor.

Further, the width of the fluidization plenum is determined by:

the number of the fluidization chambers is 4, and the fluidization chambers are respectively a first fluidization chamber, a second fluidization chamber, a third fluidization chamber and a fourth fluidization chamber along the particle running direction;

the mixed granules were sieved to 4 particle size grades, d _P ≥d _P1 Is a first particle size class, d _P1 >d _P ≥d _P2 In the second particle size class, d _P2 >d _P ≥d _P3 In the third particle size class, d _P <d _P3 Is a fourth particle size grade; d _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 Respectively a first design particle size, a second design particle size and a third design particle size; d _P Is the mixed particle size;

when d is _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 L is 2mm,1mm and 0.5mm respectively ₃ ≈2L ₂ ≈4L ₁ ；L ₁ Is the width, L, of the first fluidization chamber ₂ Is the width of the second fluidization chamber, L ₃ The width of the third fluidization chamber.

Further, the height of the V-shaped screen deck of each fluidization chamber from the particle inlet pipe is determined by the following procedure:

respectively calculating the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles, the second particle size grade particles, the third particle size grade particles and the fourth particle size grade particles by the following formula;

wherein S is ₁ Horizontal displacement of the first size class particles, S ₂ Horizontal displacement of the second size-graded particles, S ₃ Horizontal displacement of third size fraction particles, S ₄ Horizontal shift of fourth size fraction particles, v ₀ The initial velocity of the particles in the horizontal direction after entering the fluidized bed; a is ₁ Acceleration of the first size-graded particles, a ₂ Acceleration of the second size-graded particles, a ₃ Acceleration of the third size-graded particles, a ₄ Acceleration of the fourth size-graded particles, t ₁ Is the falling time, t, of the target particle in the first fluidization chamber ₂ For the second fluidized chamberFalling time of target particle, t ₃ Is the falling time, t, of the target particles in the third fluidization chamber ₄ Is the fall time of the target particle in the fourth fluidization chamber;

and comparing the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles with the width of the first fluidization chamber, the horizontal displacement of the second particle size grade particles with the width of the second fluidization chamber and the horizontal displacement of the third particle size grade particles with the width of the third fluidization chamber, if the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the first fluidization chamber, the horizontal displacement of the second particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the second fluidization chamber and the horizontal displacement of the third particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the third fluidization chamber, adjusting the air injection speed and the flow rate to change the force acting on the particles, and recalculating the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles, the second particle size grade particles and the third particle size grade particles until the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the first fluidization chamber, the horizontal displacement of the second particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the second fluidization chamber and the horizontal displacement of the third particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the third fluidization chamber.

The waste heat recovery and screening method based on the fluidized high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening device comprises the following steps of:

dry hot air is sprayed into the fluidization bin through the nozzle array, particles uniformly flow into the separation section through the particle inlet pipe, a particle thin layer entering the separation section is screened under the action of horizontal jet flow sprayed out by the nozzle array, and the particles with the largest particle size or density fall into the fluidization bin close to the particle inlet pipe; the particles are screened into particles with different particle diameters by the sorting section, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin through the V-shaped screen plate, are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization wind, and exchange heat with a heat exchange pipe in the fluidization bin in the fluidization process to complete waste heat recovery.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, two independent functions of wide-screening particle size particle screening and high-temperature particle waste heat recovery are integrated into one set of equipment, so that not only can high-efficiency waste heat recovery be carried out on particles with different particle sizes, but also the particles after waste heat recovery can be conveniently classified and utilized. And a fluidization technology is introduced for waste heat recovery, a plurality of independent fluidization chambers are arranged according to the particle size distribution and density characteristics of the particles, and each chamber adopts optimized fluidization air speed and heat exchange tube size, so that the energy consumption in the fluidization process can be reduced to the maximum extent, the particle-tube wall heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the economy of the integrated device is further improved. Through setting up V type sieve, can promote the homogeneity of particle distribution to reduce the influence of fluidization wind to sorting process.

Furthermore, the speed of the rotating roller, the air injection speed of the nozzle array and the fluidization air speed of each chamber can be adjusted according to the particle size distribution and the density distribution characteristics of the incoming flow particle mixture, and the device is flexible to operate and strong in adaptability.

Further, the tail end of the particle inlet pipe is provided with a rotating roller mechanism with a scraping blade, a particle thin layer is formed by utilizing a rotating scraping effect, and the screening efficiency of the mixed particles based on the horizontal jet effect can be effectively improved.

Furthermore, the spoiler is arranged, so that short circuit of particles can be prevented. Through setting up spoiler and V type sieve, these special structural designs provide the guarantee for integrated device's stable, high-efficient operation.

In the invention, the particles are screened into particles with different particle sizes by the sorting section, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin through the V-shaped screen plate, and are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization air, heat exchange is carried out between the particles and the heat exchange tubes in the fluidization bins in the fluidization process, waste heat recovery is completed, and meanwhile, screening of bulk materials with different high-temperature wide screening particle sizes is realized, and the screening efficiency is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated waste heat recovery and screening device for fluidized high-temperature mixed particles.

FIG. 2 is a top view of each fluidization plenum distribution plate.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the V-shaped sieve plate.

Fig. 4 is a front view and an isometric view of the roll 12 and the doctor blade mechanism. Wherein, (a) is a front view and (b) is an axonometric view.

Wherein: 1-fluidized air inlet, 2-fluidized air regulating valve, 3-air chamber, 4-air distribution section, 5-fluidized section, 6-V-shaped sieve plate, 7-small particle motion track, 8-sorting section, 9-outlet section, 10-mixed gas outlet, 11-spoiler, 12-rotating roller, 13-particle inlet, 14-nozzle air quantity regulating valve, 15-nozzle array, 16-large particle motion track, 17-sieve mesh, 18-heat exchange tube, 19-distribution plate, 20-particle outlet, 21-distribution plate hole, 22-motor and 23-doctor blade.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device comprises a screening body, and a gas distribution section 4, a fluidization section 5, a separation section 8 and an outlet section 9 which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top are arranged in a cavity of the screening body. The top of the screening body is provided with a plurality of mixed gas outlets 10.

The air distribution section 4 is located at the bottom of the device and comprises a fluidized air inlet 1, a fluidized air regulating valve 2 and a plurality of air chambers 3, wherein the fluidized air inlet 1 is formed in the bottom end of each air chamber 3, and the fluidized air regulating valve 2 is arranged at the fluidized air inlet 1. The fluidization air quantity and the air speed entering each air chamber 3 are controlled by the fluidization air regulating valve 2, and the air chambers 3 are in inverted cone structures and have the function of enabling fluidization air to be uniformly distributed.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the fluidizing section 5 is located above the gas distribution section 4 (the area between the distribution plate 19 and the V-shaped sieve plate 6), and is separated from the gas distribution section 4 by the distribution plate 19, and mainly includes a distribution plate 19, a fluidizing chamber, a particle outlet 20, a heat exchange tube 18, the V-shaped sieve plate 6, and other structures. The fluidization chambers are a plurality of independent fluidization chambers and are arranged adjacently. The width of the fluidization plenums increases in order along the horizontal direction. Referring to fig. 2, the distribution plate 19 is provided with a plurality of distribution plate holes 21.

Each bin has a specific height and width, and needs to be designed according to the motion track variation range of different particles, so that the particles with different particle sizes and densities can accurately fall into respective target bins. Generally, the large and dense particles always fall into the fluidization chamber near the particle inlet pipe 13, and as the particle size or density decreases, the distance of movement of the particles in the horizontal direction increases, tending to fall into other chambers far from the particle outlet 20. Referring to fig. 3, the size of the sieve pore 17 of the V-shaped sieve plate 6,V type sieve plate 6 arranged on the upper part of each chamber is set according to the target particle size of the fluidization chamber, the V-shaped sieve plate 6 can reduce the influence of the fluidization wind on the sorting process above the sieve plate while ensuring the smooth falling of the particles, and the sieve plate adopts a V-shaped structure and can also improve the distribution uniformity of the falling particles. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 18 are arranged in each fluidization chamber, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 18 in each fluidization chamber are connected in series, and the heat exchange tubes in adjacent fluidization chambers are connected in parallel. The number of the heat exchange tubes is determined according to the heat exchange load designed in each chamber, and in order to improve the heat transfer coefficient between particles and tube walls, the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube 18 is correspondingly reduced along with the reduction of the particle size of the particles, so that the tube diameters of the heat exchange tube bundles in different fluidization chambers are different. The heat exchange working medium in the heat exchange tube 18 can be selected according to the particle temperature, for example, when the particle temperature is higher, the heat exchange fluid can adopt supercritical carbon dioxide, and when the temperature is lower, water, heat conduction oil or organic working medium can be adopted.

The sorting section 8 is positioned above the fluidizing section 5 (the area between the V-shaped sieve plate 6 and the spoiler 11), is separated from the fluidizing section 5 by the V-shaped sieve plate 6, and mainly comprises a particle inlet pipe 13, a rotating roller 12, a nozzle array 15 and the spoiler 11, and a nozzle air volume adjusting valve 14 at the upstream of the nozzle array 15. The particle inlet pipe has a certain inclination angle, so that particles can fall down conveniently under the action of gravity, the inclination angle of the particle inlet pipe is fixed, and the initial speed of the particles is adjusted by adjusting the speed of the rotary roller; referring to (a) and (b) of fig. 4, the rotary roller 12 is located at the tail end of the particle inlet pipe, is of a cylindrical structure, is provided with a group of scraping blades 23 at equal angular intervals, the top of each scraping blade 23 keeps a tiny gap (determined according to the maximum particle size) with the pipe wall of the particle inlet pipe, the rotary roller 12 drives the scraping blades 23 to rotate, a particle thin layer is formed by utilizing the rotary scraping action, particles of the thin layer leaving the inlet pipe flow into a separation area in a waterfall-like mode, and by reducing the thickness of the particle layer, the mutual collision and interference among the particles in the separation process can be effectively reduced, and the separation effect is improved; the outer end of the roller 12 is connected with a variable frequency motor 22 through a shaft, and the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the roller 12 are controlled by adjusting the frequency of the motor 22. The speed of the rotating roller can be adjusted according to the particle size and density distribution change of the wide-screening particle material. The nozzle array 15 is positioned below the particle inlet pipe 13 and consists of a plurality of high-speed gas nozzles, high-speed gas flow sprayed by the nozzles uniformly acts on a descending particle thin layer, but because the particle size and the density of the particles are different, the acceleration in the horizontal direction formed after the gas flow acts on the particles is different, generally, particles with large particle size or high density fall into a fluidization bin close to a particle inlet because of small acceleration in the horizontal direction, and particles with small particle size or low density can fall into the fluidization bin far away from the particle inlet because of large acceleration in the horizontal direction, so that the effective screening of mixed particles is realized; the air injection speed and flow can be adjusted according to the particle size distribution and density distribution of the mixed particles so as to ensure that all the particles can accurately fall into a target bin. The spoiler 11 is located at the top of the sorting section 8 above the particle inlet and mainly serves to prevent particles from being directly carried away by the gas ejected from the nozzles, causing short-circuiting of the particles.

The width of the fluidization plenum is determined by the following process:

(1) And calculating the corresponding particle mass according to the sizes and the density of different particles in the mixed particles. Suppose it is necessary to

The mixed particles are sieved into 4 particle size grades, d _P ≥d _P1 Is the first particle size class, d _P1 >d _P ≥d _P2 In the second particle size class, d _P2 >d _P ≥d _P3 In the third particle size class, d _P <d _P3 Is a fourth particle size grade; d _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 Respectively a first design particle size, a second design particle size and a third design particle size; d is a radical of _P Is the mixed particle size;

calculating the mass of the corresponding first particles, the mass of the corresponding second particles and the mass of the corresponding third particles according to the density of the particles with the particle sizes, wherein m is used for calculating the mass of the corresponding first particles, the mass of the corresponding second particles and the mass of the corresponding third particles ₁ 、m ₂ 、m ₃ And (4) showing.

(2) Determining the axial direction of each fluidization chamber according to the site and the thermal load constraintThe overall dimension (width direction) and the approximate proportion of the width of each bin is determined according to the design particle size. The number of the fluidization bins is 4, the fluidization bins are respectively a first fluidization bin, a second fluidization bin, a third fluidization bin and a fourth fluidization bin along the particle running direction, namely the first fluidization bin is close to the fluidization wind inlet 1, and the width of the first fluidization bin is L ₁ The width of the second fluidization chamber is L ₂ The width of the third fluidization chamber is L ₃ And the width of the fourth fluidization chamber is L ₄ E.g. when d _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 At 2mm,1mm and 0.5mm, the width of each chamber is approximately 2 times, namely L ₃ ≈2L ₂ ≈4L ₁ . The size of L4 is not an exact constant value, but is determined according to two aspects: (1) overall length of fluidized bed: the fluidized bed body has a definite length according to the actual application, then according to dp ₁ 、dp ₂ 、dp ₃ Is determined by first determining L ₁ 、L ₂ 、L ₃ The size of L4 is equal to the total length minus (L) ₁ +L ₂ +L ₃ ) (ii) a (2) According to the content of the fourth particle size grade particles and the size of the particle size: the particle diameter of the screened particles is less than dp ₃ The more the content of the particles (A) is, the smaller the particle diameter is, then L ₄ The larger. Therefore, the size of L4 needs to be adjusted according to the actual application.

(3) The velocity and flow rate of the gas injected from the nozzle array 15 are adjusted according to the initial design size of each fluidization chamber, and for the sake of simplicity of analysis, it is assumed that the forces of the gas flow acting on the first, second and third particle size fractions are respectively F ₁ 、F ₂ 、F ₃ . According to Newton's second law F = m.a, the accelerated speeds of the first particle size class particle, the second particle size class particle and the third particle size class particle are respectively a ₁ ＝F ₁ /m ₁ 、a ₂ ＝F ₂ /m ₂ 、a ₃ ＝F ₃ /m ₃ 。

(4) The height of the fluidization bin is designed to be proper, so that the motion trail of each particle can fall into the range of the target fluidization bin. Suppose a first fluidization chamberThe heights of the V-shaped sieve plate at the top of the second fluidization chamber, the third fluidization chamber and the fourth fluidization chamber from the particle inlet pipe are respectively H ₁ 、H ₂ 、H ₃ 、H ₄ The descending time of the target particles in each fluidization chamber can be obtained according to the assumption of uniform accelerated linear motion

Then the horizontal displacement of the grains with different grain diameters (the grains with the first grain diameter grade, the grains with the second grain diameter grade, the grains with the third grain diameter grade and the grains with the fourth grain diameter grade) can be obtained and is respectively and sequentially determined as->

Wherein v is ₀ Is the initial velocity of the granules in the horizontal direction after entering the fluidized bed.

(5) The calculated horizontal displacement S ₁ ，S ₂ ，S ₃ And the initial design width L ₁ ，L ₂ And L ₃ And comparing, if the two are not equal, adjusting the air injection speed and the flow rate to change the force acting on the particles, and recalculating the horizontal displacement according to the steps until the horizontal displacement is equal to the initial design width. Namely, if the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the first fluidization chamber, the horizontal displacement of the second particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the second fluidization chamber, and the horizontal displacement of the third particle size grade particles is not equal to the width of the third fluidization chamber, adjusting the air injection speed and the flow rate to change the force acting on the particles, and recalculating the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles, the second particle size grade particles and the third particle size grade particles until the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the first fluidization chamber, the horizontal displacement of the second particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the second fluidization chamber, and the horizontal displacement of the third particle size grade particles is equal to the width of the third fluidization chamber.

The outlet section 9 is positioned at the top of the integrated device and is separated from the sorting section 8 through the spoiler 11, the outlet section is mainly used for collecting and guiding out fluidized wind, and a fluidized wind outlet is independently arranged in each fluidizing bin for reducing the mutual interference of the fluidized wind among the bins.

A high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening method based on the device comprises the following steps:

(1) Opening a fan and a gas heating device, respectively introducing dry hot air with a certain temperature to the air distribution section 4 and the nozzle array 15, adjusting the fluidizing air quantity of each fluidizing chamber to a preset value, and adjusting the opening degree of a control valve at the upstream of a nozzle to enable the air injection speed to reach the preset value;

(2) Setting an initial inclination angle of a particle inlet pipe, opening a valve at the upstream of the particle inlet pipe 13, leading particles to descend in the inclined inlet pipe by means of gravity, adjusting the frequency of a variable frequency motor 22, setting the rotating speed of a rotating roller 12, and leading a particle thin layer to uniformly and smoothly flow into a sorting section 7 to form a descending waterfall;

(3) The particle thin layer entering the separation section 7 is screened under the action of the horizontal jet flow sprayed by the nozzle array 15, the particles with the largest particle size/density fall into the fluidization chamber close to the particle inlet, and the farther the fluidization chamber is away from the particle inlet, the smaller the particle size/density of the particles falling into the fluidization chamber is;

(4) The particles are screened into particles with different particle sizes by the sorting section 8, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin through the V-shaped sieve plate 6, are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization wind, and exchange heat with a heat exchange pipe 18 in the bin in the fluidization process to complete waste heat recovery;

(5) Along with the continuation of the heat exchange process, the particle temperature is gradually reduced, when the particle temperature is reduced to the lower limit temperature, the valve at the particle outlet 20 of each fluidization bin is opened, low-temperature particles are discharged out of the system, and the particles with different particle sizes are respectively recycled;

when the density of the incoming flow particles changes due to reasons such as production process, the gas speed of the nozzle or the speed of the rotating roller needs to be adjusted to ensure that the particles can accurately fall into a target fluidization bin, and the specific operation is as follows: when the particle mass is increased (such as the particle size is increased without changing the density, or the particle size is increased without changing the density), the air injection speed needs to be increased so as to increase the acceleration of the horizontal movement of the particles, and thus the particles cannot be effectively screened due to insufficient horizontal movement distance caused by the increase of the particle mass; if necessary, the speed of the roller is reduced, so that the falling time of the particles and the initial speed in the horizontal direction are increased. When the particle mass is reduced (such as the particle size is reduced with unchanged density or the particle size is reduced with unchanged density), the air injection speed needs to be reduced to reduce the initial horizontal acceleration of the particles under the action of the air flow, so that the particles cannot be effectively screened due to the overlarge horizontal movement distance caused by the reduction of the particle mass; if necessary, the speed of the roller can be increased, so that the falling time of the particles and the initial speed in the horizontal direction are reduced.

In the heat exchange process, because the particle sizes of the bins are different and the required fluidization wind speeds are also different, the fluidization wind quantity and the wind speed are required to be adjusted by controlling the opening of the fluidization wind inlet valve of each bin.

In the process, the fluidized air after heat exchange flows out of the mixed gas outlet 10, enters the cyclone separator to complete particle and gas shunting, and the separated gas is mixed with the low-temperature fresh air to improve the average temperature of the fluidized air at the inlet, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced.

The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Following the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides four specific examples, which respectively correspond to particles with different qualities (same particle size and different densities) and the adjusting method thereof. The particle size range of the sorted particles of the invention is given, and is mainly divided into 4 grades: d is more than or equal to 2mm, d is more than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm, d is more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than 1mm, and d is less than or equal to 0.5mm.

Example 1: (basic design)

Assuming that the lower limit particle size of the fourth particle size fraction is 0.3mm, i.e., the particle size range of the fourth particle size fraction is 0.3 mm. Ltoreq. D<0.5mm. The density of the granules was 2500kg/m ³ The obtained granules had particle diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm, and the mass of each granule was 1.047X 10 ^-5 kg、1.309×10 ^-6 kg、1.636×10 ^-7 kg、3.534×10 ^-8 And (kg). The nozzle is supplied with a certain amount of air, so that the force of the nozzle on particles with the particle size of 2mm reaches 2 multiplied by 10 ^-5 N, force to which the particles are subjected and their particle sizeSquare is proportional, so that the forces applied to the granules having a diameter of 1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm are 5X 10 times the forces applied to the granules, respectively ^-6 N、1.25×10 ^-6 N、4.5×10 ^-7 N then the acceleration in the horizontal direction is 1.91m/s respectively ² 、3.82m/s ² 、7.64m/s ² 、12.72m/s ² . Length of chamber I is L ₁ At a height H from the particle inlet pipe 13 ₁ The length of the bin II is L ₂ At a height H from the particle inlet pipe 13 ₂ Chamber III has a length L ₃ At a height H from the particle inlet pipe 13 ₃ Chamber IV of length L ₄ At a height H from the particle inlet pipe 13 ₄ . Initially, the speed of the roller 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor so that the particles enter the sorting section 8 at an initial speed close to zero, assuming H ₁ =0.4m, L can be obtained ₁ =0.078m, assuming H ₂ =0.5m, L can be obtained ₂ =0.195m, assuming H ₃ =0.6m, L can be obtained ₃ =0.468m, let H ₄ =0.7m, L can be obtained ₄ ＝0.909m。

The relevant parameters of the particles are shown in table 1:

table 1 relevant parameters for the particles of example 1

The method for recovering and screening the waste heat of the high-temperature mixed particles comprises the following steps:

(1) The fan and the gas heating device are opened, dry hot air with certain temperature flows into each chamber after sequentially passing through the air chamber 3 and the distribution plate 19 from the fluidized air inlet 1, and the air quantity flowing into each chamber can be controlled by the fluidized air regulating valve 2 to reach a preset value;

(2) The nozzle airflow control valve 14 on the upstream side of the nozzle array 15 is opened to supply the heated dry hot air from the nozzle array15 spraying into the sorting section 8, and controlling the air volume to make the force acting on the particles with the particle diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm reach 2 x 10 respectively ^-5 N、5×10 ^-6 N、1.25×10 ^-6 N、4.5×10 ^-7 N；

(3) The rotating speed of the rotating roller 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor 22, so that the particles enter the sorting section 8 at a lower initial speed. The valve upstream of the particle inlet pipe 13 is opened, and a thin layer of particles is uniformly and smoothly flowed into the sorting section 8 by the action of the rotating roller 12, so as to form a falling waterfall.

(4) After the particles flow into the sorting section 8, the particles are separated under the action of the air flow, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber I, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a large particle motion trail 16 in figure 1, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber II, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than 1mm fall into the fluidization chamber III, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.3mm and less than 0.5mm fall into the fluidization chamber IV, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a small particle motion trail 7 in figure 1, and in the sorting process, the spoiler 11 has the function of preventing the particles from being directly carried out by the air sprayed by the nozzle, so as to avoid the short circuit phenomenon.

(5) The particles are separated into particles with different particle sizes by the separation section 8, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin from the sieve holes 17 through the V-shaped sieve plate 6, are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization air, and exchange heat with the heat exchange tubes 18 in the bins in the fluidization process to complete waste heat recovery;

(6) Along with the continuation of the heat exchange process, the particle temperature is gradually reduced, when the particle temperature is reduced to the lower limit temperature, the valve of the particle outlet 20 of each fluidization bin is opened, low-temperature particles are discharged out of the system, and the particles with different particle sizes are respectively recycled;

(7) In the process, the fluidized air subjected to heat exchange flows out of the mixed gas outlet 10, enters the cyclone separator to complete particle and gas shunting, and the separated gas is subjected to filtration, purification, cooling and temperature reduction and then is mixed with another path of low-temperature fresh air through the draught fan, so that the average temperature of the fluidized air before entering the heat exchanger is increased, and the effects of energy recovery and utilization and energy consumption reduction can be achieved.

(8) In the heat exchange process, because the particle diameters of the bins are different and the required fluidization wind speeds are also different, the fluidization wind quantity and the wind speed need to be adjusted by controlling the opening of the fluidization wind adjusting valve 2 at the inlet of each bin. The particle diameters of the particles in the bin I, the bin II, the bin III and the bin IV are reduced in sequence, so that the required fluidization air volume is reduced in sequence, the fluidization air volume required by the bin I is the largest, and the fluidization air volume required by the bin IV is the smallest.

Example 2

When the particle density became large, it was assumed that the density was from 2500kg/m ³ It became 3000kg/m ³ At this time, the mass of the pellets was changed to 1.257X 10, respectively ^-5 kg、1.571×10 ^-6 kg、1.964×10 ^-7 kg、4.241×10 ^-8 And (kg). Under the condition of not changing any other parameters, the accelerated speeds of particles with the particle diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm are respectively 1.59m/s ² 、3.18m/s ² 、6.37m/s ² 、10.6m/s ² The horizontal movement distance is L respectively ₁ ＝0.065m<0.078m、L ₂ ＝0.162m<0.195m、L ₃ ＝0.39m<0.468m、L ₄ ＝0.757m<0.909m. Therefore, when the particle density is from 2500kg/m ³ Increased to 3000kg/m ³ In the process, even if the air volume is not changed, the particles with different particle sizes can still fall into the corresponding fluidization bin.

The relevant parameters of the particles are shown in table 2:

table 2 relevant parameters for the particles in example 2

Particle size

Density of

Quality of

force/F

Acceleration/a

Vertical drop height/H

Horizontal movement distance/L

2mm

3000kg/m ³

1.257×10 ^-5 kg

2×10 ^-5 N

1.59m/s ²

0.4m

0.065m

1mm

3000kg/m ³

1.571×10 ^-6 kg

5×10 ^-6 N

3.18m/s ²

0.5m

0.162m

0.5mm

3000kg/m ³

1.964×10 ^-7 kg

1.25×10 ^-6 N

6.37m/s ²

0.6m

0.39m

0.3mm

3000kg/m ³

4.241×10 ^-8 kg

4.5×10 ^-7 N

10.6m/s ²

0.7

0.757m

(2) Opening control valve 14 at upstream of nozzle array 15, spraying heated dry hot air from nozzle array 15 into sorting section 8, and controlling air volume to make the force acting on 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm, and 0.3mm granules reach 2 × 10 ^-5 N、5×10 ^-6 N、1.25×10 ^-6 N、4.5×10 ^-7 N；

(3) The rotating speed of the rotating roller 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor 22, so that the particles enter the sorting section 8 at a lower initial speed. Opening a valve at the upstream of the particle inlet pipe 13, and enabling a particle thin layer to uniformly and smoothly flow into the separation section 8 through the action of the roller 12 to form a falling waterfall;

(4) After the particles flow into the sorting section 8, the particles are separated under the action of the air flow, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber I, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a large particle motion trail 16 in fig. 1, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber II, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than 1mm fall into the fluidization chamber III, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.3 and less than 0.5mm fall into the fluidization chamber IV, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a small particle motion trail 7 in fig. 1, and in the sorting process, the spoiler 10 has the function of preventing the particles from being directly carried out by the gas sprayed by the nozzle, so as to avoid the short circuit phenomenon.

(7) In the process, the fluidized air after heat exchange flows out from the mixed gas outlet 10, enters the cyclone separator to complete particle and gas shunting, and the separated gas is subjected to filtration, purification, cooling and temperature reduction and then is mixed with another path of low-temperature fresh air through the draught fan, so that the average temperature of the fluidized air before entering the heat exchanger is increased, and the effects of energy recycling and energy consumption reduction can be achieved.

Example 3

When the particle density becomes small, it is assumed that the density is from 2500kg/m ³ It became 2000kg/m ³ The mass of the granules changed at this time, which was 8.378 × 10 respectively ^-6 kg、1.047×10 ^-6 kg、1.309×10 ^-7 kg、2.827×10 ^-8 And (kg). Under the condition of not changing any other parameters, the acceleration of the obtained granules with the grain diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm is 2.387m/s respectively ² 、4.775m/s ² 、9.549m/s ² 、15.903m/s ² The horizontal movement distance is respectively L ₁ ＝0.097m>0.078m、L ₂ ＝0.244m>0.195m、L ₃ ＝0.585m>0.468m、L ₄ ＝1.136m>0.909m, when particles of different sizes cannot fall into the corresponding fluidizationsIn the chamber. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the amount of air flow to change the amount of force acting on the particles, or adjust the frequency of the motor to control the speed of the roller 12, thereby changing the initial speed, or a combination thereof to adjust the particles with different particle sizes to fall into the corresponding bins.

The air quantity of the nozzle is adjusted to make the acting force on the particles reach 1.6 multiplied by 10 respectively ^-5 N、4×10 ^- ⁶ N、1×10 ^-6 N、3.597×10 ^-7 N, so that the acceleration at which particles having particle diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm were obtained was 1.91m/s, respectively ² 、3.82m/s ² 、7.64m/s ² 、12.72m/s ² The horizontal movement distance is L respectively ₁ ＝0.078m、L ₂ ＝0.195m、L ₃ ＝0.468m、L ₄ =0.909m. Therefore, when the mass of the particles is reduced due to the reduction of the density of the particles, the particles with different particle sizes can just fall into the corresponding fluidization bin by reducing the air volume of the nozzle.

The relevant parameters of the particles are shown in table 3:

table 3 relevant parameters of the particles in example 1

(2) Opening control valve 14 at upstream of nozzle array 15, spraying heated dry hot air from the nozzle array into sorting section 8, and controlling air volume to act on the granulesThe force on the particles with the diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm respectively reaches 1.6 multiplied by 10 ^-5 N、4×10 ^-6 N、1×10 ^-6 N、3.597×10 ^-7 N；

(3) The rotating speed of the rotating roller 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor 22, so that the particles enter the sorting section at a lower initial speed. Opening a valve at the upstream of the particle inlet pipe 13, and enabling a particle thin layer to uniformly and smoothly flow into the separation section through the action of the roller 12 to form a falling waterfall;

(4) After the particles flow into the sorting section, the particles are separated under the action of the air flow, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber I, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a large particle motion trail 16 in fig. 1, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber II, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than 1mm fall into the fluidization chamber III, the particles with the particle size d being more than or equal to 0.3 and less than 0.5mm fall into the fluidization chamber IV, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a small particle motion trail 7 in fig. 1, and in the sorting process, the spoiler 10 has the function of preventing the particles from being directly carried out by the gas sprayed by the nozzle, so as to avoid the short circuit phenomenon.

(5) The particles are sorted into particles with different particle sizes by a sorting section, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin from a sieve pore 17 through a V-shaped sieve plate 6, are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization air, and exchange heat with a heat exchange pipe 18 in the bin in the fluidization process to complete waste heat recovery;

(8) In the heat exchange process, because the particle diameters of the bins are different and the required fluidization wind speeds are also different, the fluidization wind quantity and the wind speed need to be adjusted by controlling the opening of the fluidization wind adjusting valve 2 at the inlet of each bin. The grain diameters of the grains in the bin I, the bin II, the bin III and the bin IV are sequentially reduced, so that the required fluidization air volume is also sequentially reduced, the fluidization air volume required by the bin I is the largest, and the fluidization air volume required by the bin IV is the smallest.

Example 4

When the particle density becomes small, it is assumed that the density is from 2500kg/m ³ It became 2000kg/m ³ The mass of the granules changed at this time, which was 8.378 × 10 respectively ^-6 kg、1.047×10 ^-6 kg、1.309×10 ^-7 kg、2.827×10 ^-8 And (kg). Under the condition of not changing any other parameters, the acceleration of the obtained granules with the grain diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm and 0.3mm is 2.387m/s respectively ² 、4.775m/s ² 、9.549m/s ² 、15.903m/s ² The horizontal movement distance is L respectively ₁ ＝0.097m>0.078m、L ₂ ＝0.244m>0.195m、L ₃ ＝0.585m>0.468m、L ₄ ＝1.136m>0.909m, when particles of different sizes cannot fall into the corresponding fluidization chamber. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the amount of air flow to change the amount of force acting on the particles, or adjust the frequency of the motor to control the speed of the roller 12, thereby changing the initial speed, or a combination thereof to adjust the particles with different particle sizes to fall into the corresponding bins.

The air quantity of the nozzle is adjusted to make the acting force on the particles reach 1.2 x 10 respectively ^-5 N、3×10 ^- ⁶ N、7.5×10 ^-7 N、2.698×10 ^-7 N, simultaneously, adjusting the frequency of the motor to control the speed of the roller 12 to ensure that the initial speed v of the particles ₀ =0.07m/s, so that the acceleration at which particles having particle diameters of 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm, and 0.3mm were obtained was 1.43m/s, respectively ² 、2.86m/s ² 、5.73m/s ² 、9.54m/s ² The horizontal movement distance is L respectively ₁ ＝0.078m、L ₂ ＝0.169m、L ₃ ＝0.375m、L ₄ =0.708m. Therefore, when the mass of the particles is reduced by reducing the density of the particles, by adjusting the air quantity of the nozzle and the speed of the roller 12,particles of different sizes can still fall into the corresponding fluidization chambers.

The relevant parameters of the particles are shown in table 4:

table 4 relevant parameters for the particles of example 4

The implementation mode is as follows:

(2) Opening control valve 14 at upstream of nozzle array 15, spraying heated dry hot air into sorting section 8 from the nozzle array, and controlling air volume to make the force acting on 2mm,1mm, 0.5mm, and 0.3mm granules reach 1.2 × 10 ^-5 N、3×10 ^-6 N、7.5×10 ^-7 N、2.698×10 ^-7 N；

(3) The rotating speed of the rotating roller 12 is controlled by a variable frequency motor 22, so that the particles enter the sorting section at the initial speed of 0.07 m/s. Opening a valve at the upstream of a particle inlet pipe 13, and enabling a particle thin layer to uniformly and smoothly flow into a separation section under the action of a rotating roller 12 to form a falling waterfall;

(4) After the particles flow into the sorting section, the particles are separated under the action of the air flow, the particles with the particle size d larger than or equal to 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber I, the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a large particle motion trail 16 in fig. 1, the particles with the particle size d larger than or equal to 1mm and smaller than 2mm fall into the fluidization chamber II, the particles with the particle size d larger than or equal to 0.5mm and smaller than 1mm fall into the fluidization chamber III, the particles with the particle size d larger than or equal to 0.3 and smaller than 0.5mm fall into the fluidization chamber IV, and the motion trail of the particles is approximately shown as a small particle motion trail 7 in fig. 1.

(5) The particles are separated into particles with different particle sizes by a separation section, then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin from a sieve pore 17 through a V-shaped sieve plate 6, are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization air, and exchange heat with a heat exchange pipe 18 in the bin in the fluidization process to complete waste heat recovery;

Claims

1. The high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device is characterized by comprising a screening body, wherein a gas distribution section (4), a fluidization section (5), a separation section (8) and an outlet section (9) are sequentially communicated with a cavity in the screening body from bottom to top;

the fluidization section (5) comprises a plurality of fluidization bins, wherein the bottom of each fluidization bin is provided with a distribution plate (19), the top of each fluidization bin is provided with a V-shaped sieve plate (6), and the fluidization bins are a plurality of independent fluidization bins and are arranged adjacently; a plurality of heat exchange tubes (18) are arranged in each fluidization chamber;

the sorting section (8) comprises a particle inlet pipe (13) arranged on the screening body, and a nozzle array (15) is arranged below the particle inlet pipe (13).

2. The high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air distribution section (4) comprises a plurality of air chambers (3), wherein a fluidized air inlet (1) is formed at the bottom end of each air chamber (3), and a fluidized air regulating valve (2) is arranged at the fluidized air inlet (1).

3. The integrated device for recovering and screening the waste heat of the high-temperature mixed particles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the air chamber (3) is of an inverted cone structure.

4. A high temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a particle outlet (20) is provided at the bottom of each fluidization chamber.

5. The integrated device for recovering and screening the waste heat of the high-temperature mixed particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle inlet pipe (13) is arranged obliquely, and the spoiler (11) is arranged above the outlet of the particle inlet pipe (13).

6. The integrated device for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature mixed particles and screening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner end of the particle inlet pipe (13) is provided with a roller (12).

7. The integrated device for recovering and screening the waste heat of the high-temperature mixed particles as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotary roller (12) is of a cylindrical structure; a group of scraping blades (23) are arranged on the rotating roller (12) at equal angle intervals; the roller (12) is connected with a variable frequency motor (22).

8. The integrated high-temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening device of claim 1, wherein the width of the fluidization chamber is determined by the following process:

the mixed particles are sieved into 4 particle size grades, d _P ≥d _P1 Is a first particle size class, d _P1 >d _P ≥d _P2 In the second particle size class, d _P2 >d _P ≥d _P3 In the third particle size class, d _P <d _P3 Is a fourth particle size grade; d _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 Respectively a first design particle size, a second design particle size and a third design particle size; d _P Is the mixed particle size;

the width of the first fluidization chamber is L ₁ The width of the second fluidization chamber is L ₂ The width of the third fluidization chamber is L ₃ And the width of the fourth fluidization chamber is L ₄ ；

When d is _P1 ，d _P2 ，d _P3 L is 2mm,1mm and 0.5mm respectively ₃ ≈2L ₂ ≈4L ₁ ，L ₁ Is the width of the first fluidization chamber, L ₂ Is the width of the second fluidization chamber, L ₃ The width of the third fluidization chamber.

9. A high temperature mixed particle waste heat recovery and screening integrated device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the height of the V-shaped screen plate of each fluidization chamber from the particle inlet pipe (13) is determined by the following process:

respectively calculating the horizontal displacement of the first particle size grade particles, the second particle size grade particles, the third particle size grade particles and the fourth particle size grade particles through the following formula;

/>

wherein S is ₁ Horizontal displacement of the first size class particles, S ₂ Horizontal displacement of the second size class particles, S ₃ Horizontal displacement of third size fraction particles, S ₄ Horizontal shift of fourth size class particles, v ₀ The initial velocity of the particles in the horizontal direction after entering the fluidized bed; a is ₁ Acceleration of the first size-graded particles, a ₂ Acceleration of the second size-graded particles, a ₃ Acceleration of the third size-graded particles, a ₄ Acceleration of the fourth size-graded particles, t ₁ Is the falling time, t, of the target particle in the first fluidization chamber ₂ Is the fall time, t, of the target particle in the second fluidization chamber ₃ Is the falling time, t, of the target particles in the third fluidization chamber ₄ Is the fall time of the target particle in the fourth fluidization chamber;

10. A method for recovering and screening waste heat based on the device for recovering and screening waste heat of fluidized high-temperature mixed particles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

dry hot air is sprayed into the fluidization chamber through the nozzle array (15), particles uniformly flow into the separation section (7) through the particle inlet pipe (13), a particle thin layer entering the separation section (7) is screened under the action of horizontal jet flow sprayed by the nozzle array (15), and particles with the largest particle size or density fall into the fluidization chamber close to the particle inlet pipe; the particles are screened into particles with different particle sizes by the sorting section (8), then uniformly flow into each fluidization bin through the V-shaped sieve plate (6), are completely fluidized under the action of fluidization wind, and exchange heat with a heat exchange pipe (18) in the fluidization bin in the fluidization process to finish waste heat recovery.