CN115971966A - Device and method for calibrating angle precision of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool - Google Patents
Device and method for calibrating angle precision of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN115971966A CN115971966A CN202211372860.9A CN202211372860A CN115971966A CN 115971966 A CN115971966 A CN 115971966A CN 202211372860 A CN202211372860 A CN 202211372860A CN 115971966 A CN115971966 A CN 115971966A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for calibrating the angle precision of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1. placing the mounting base at the center of the end face of a rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool, and aligning and fixing; 2. embedding the rotating disc into a conical mounting cavity on a mounting base, and calibrating an angle alpha according to the requirement used in part processing 1 The included angle between the zero scale on the installation base and the zero scale line on the rotating disk is alpha 1 (ii) a The mounting base and the rotating disc are locked by screws; 3. starting a rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool to drive the mounting base and the rotating disc to move to the position of a 3D probe of the machine tool, and measuring the central coordinate O of a central positioning hole of the rotating disc and the central coordinate O of a chassis measuring hole 1 And center coordinate O of rotating disk measuring hole 2 O and O 1 Connecting to obtain a straight line OO 1 O and O 2 Connecting to obtain a straight line OO 2 Angle alpha between two straight lines 2 ；4、α 2 And alpha 1 And performing difference operation to obtain the error of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool at the moment, and compensating. Book (I)The invention obtains the angular deviation of the machine tool rotating shaft before the workpiece is machined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision calibration of rotating shafts of five-axis machine tools, and particularly relates to a device and a method for calibrating the precision of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool under the influence of current temperature, humidity and vibration environment before machining.
Background
The machining precision of the machine tool is an important index for measuring the performance of the machine tool. The machining precision of the machine tool is influenced by a plurality of factors, namely the precision of the machine tool, and also by the deformation of the machine tool and a process system, the ambient temperature, vibration generated in machining, the abrasion of the machine tool, the abrasion of a cutter and other factors, and on the premise of correct programming, the size, the shape and the position of a machined part and the result measured by a measuring instrument such as a three-coordinate measuring instrument under a stable condition possibly have differences. Particularly, for a part with a high requirement on angular accuracy, a small accuracy difference of a machine tool in an operating environment may have a great influence on the accuracy of the machined part, and a defective product may be generated, thereby having a serious influence on the production progress and the machining cost.
At present, measurement is generally carried out after machining is finished, a machining program and a machining method are adjusted according to a measurement result, then secondary clamping is carried out for rework, parts are difficult to be aligned again through the secondary clamping, the allowance of finished machining size is small, the situation that the parts are scrapped is easy to occur, in order to verify the accuracy of a machine tool under the existing environment, a sample piece is sometimes used for trial machining for verification, but the sample piece is disposable, and cannot be reused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for calibrating the angle precision of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool.
One of the above objects of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a five-axis machine tool rotation axis angle accuracy calibrating device which characterized in that: the device comprises a mounting base, a rotating disk and a locking screw;
the mounting base is integrally a disc-shaped base, a conical mounting cavity is concentrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting base, and a central positioning column and a central positioning hole are arranged in the center of the conical mounting cavity; a plurality of threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom surface of the conical mounting cavity along the circumferential direction; a circle of 360-degree scribed lines are carved at the periphery of the conical mounting cavity at the upper end of the mounting base, and each grid is 1 degree; a base measuring hole is formed outside the scribed line on the mounting base, and the connecting line of the central line of the base measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the mounting base is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark on the mounting base;
the rotating disc is a conical disc, and the taper of the rotating disc is consistent with that of a conical mounting cavity on the mounting base and is matched with the size of the conical mounting cavity; an angle vernier is arranged on the edge of the excircle at the upper end of the rotating disc; a central column is arranged in the center of the upper end of the conical disc, and a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the upper end of the conical disc; the rotating disc is provided with a circular arc-shaped long hole outside the central column; the upper end of the rotating disc is also provided with a rotating disc measuring hole; the connecting line of the central line of the rotating disc measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the rotating disc is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark of the angle vernier on the rotating disc;
the rotating disc is coaxially embedded in a conical mounting cavity on the mounting base, and the rotating disc and the mounting base form adjustable fixed connection through screws penetrating through the arc-shaped long holes and the threaded holes.
Further: the vernier scale line of the angle vernier takes 29 degrees, the vernier scale line is averagely divided into 30 small grids, and the vernier scale line angle grid is 29 degrees/30 degrees.
The second objective of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a calibration method based on the device for calibrating the angle precision of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and 3, under the condition that the position of a 3D probe of the machine tool is not fixed, starting a rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool to drive the mounting base and the rotating disc to move to the position of the 3D probe, and sequentially measuring a central coordinate O of a central positioning hole of the rotating disc and a central coordinate O of a chassis measuring hole through the 3D probe 1 And center coordinate O of measuring hole of rotating disk 2 The center of the rotating disk is connected with the center of the chassis measuring hole to obtain a straight line OO 1 The line connecting the center of the rotating disk and the center of the measuring hole of the rotating disk obtains a straight line OO 2 Calculating the included angle alpha between the two straight lines 2 ；
Step 4, converting alpha in the step 3 2 With alpha in step 2 1 And performing difference operation to obtain the error of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool at the moment, and then compensating by using a program.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the calibration device has the advantages that the circle of 360-degree scribed line is arranged on the mounting base to play a role of a main measuring ruler, the angle vernier is arranged on the conical disc to play a role of a vernier scale, the angle vernier scale and the vernier scale are matched to form a vernier caliper structure along the arc direction, so that the relative positions of the angle vernier caliper structure and the vernier scale can be adjusted according to the angle required to be calibrated in part processing, the construction of a measurement reference included angle is realized, and the better applicability is achieved.
2. The calibration device is simple to operate, convenient to debug, free of high technical requirements on operators, and wide in applicable range of machine tools and operators.
3. The invention relates to a method for calibrating the rotation precision of a five-axis machine tool in response to time before machining, which can improve the machining precision of parts by compensating the error of a rotating shaft obtained by calibration into a machining program, avoids secondary clamping of the parts during reworking and repairing and improves the primary survival rate of the parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the mounting base of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rotary disk of the present invention, wherein 2a is a top view and 2b is a side view;
FIG. 3 is a view of the mounting base and the rotary plate of the present invention in cooperation (locking screw not shown), 3a being an assembled top view, and 3b being an exploded perspective view;
fig. 4 is a reference diagram for calibration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present invention will be further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that this embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive.
A device for calibrating the angle precision of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises a mounting base, a rotating disc and a locking screw.
The mounting base 1 is integrally a disc-shaped base, a conical mounting cavity 1.3 is concentrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting base, the taper is 45 degrees, a central positioning column 1.5 is arranged at the center of the conical mounting cavity, and a central positioning hole 1.6 (the size is equal to that of the central positioning column) is arranged at the center of the conical mounting cavity
). Threaded holes 1.4 are uniformly distributed in the bottom surface of the conical mounting cavity along the circumferential direction and are used for being connected with the rotating disk. A360-degree scribed line 1.2 is carved in a circle on the periphery of the conical mounting cavity at the upper end of the mounting base, each grid is 1 degree, and the device is used as a main measuring ruler. A base measuring hole 1.1 (with the size of ^ is greater than or equal to ^) is arranged outside the scribed line on the mounting base>
) And the connecting line of the central line of the base measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the mounting base is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark on the mounting base.
The rotary disc is a conical disc 2, the taper of the outer conical surface 2.6 of the rotary disc is consistent with the taper of the conical mounting cavity on the mounting base and matched with the taper of the conical mounting cavity on the mounting base in size, and in addition, the thickness of the rotary disc is consistent with the depth of the conical mounting cavity on the mounting base. An angle vernier 2.2 is arranged on the edge of the excircle of the upper end of the rotating disc, a vernier scale is 29 degrees of the measuring main ruler, the vernier scale is averagely divided into 30 cells, the angle cell of the vernier scale is 29 degrees/30, one difference value between the measuring main ruler and the vernier is 2', and the reading method is the same as that of the vernier caliper. The center of the upper end of the conical disc is provided with a center column 2.5 and a center positioning hole 2.4, and the diameter size of the center positioning hole is consistent with the outer diameter size of a center positioning column of the mounting base. And the outer part of the central column on the rotating disc is provided with a circular arc-shaped long hole 2.3 which adopts a countersunk hole for connecting a threaded hole on the mounting base with a screw. The upper end of the rotating disk is also provided with a rotating disk measuring hole 2.1 (the size is
). And the connecting line of the central line of the rotating disc measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the rotating disc is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark on the rotating disc.
The rotating disc is coaxially embedded in the mounting base through conical surface matching, and adjustable fixed connection is formed through screws penetrating in the arc-shaped long holes and the threaded holes.
A method for calibrating the angle precision of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool is based on the calibrating device, and referring to FIG. 4, the method comprises the following steps:
and 3, under the condition that the 3D probe of the machine tool is not moved, starting a rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool to drive the mounting base and the rotating disc to move to the position of the 3D probe, and sequentially measuring the central coordinate O of the central positioning hole of the rotating disc and the central coordinate O of the measuring hole of the chassis by the 3D probe 1 And center coordinate O of rotating disk measuring hole 2 The center of the rotating disk is connected with the center of the chassis measuring hole to obtain a straight line OO 1 The line connecting the center of the rotating disk and the center of the measuring hole of the rotating disk obtains a straight line OO 2 Calculating the included angle alpha between the two straight lines 2 ；
Step 4, converting alpha in the step 3 2 With alpha in step 2 1 And performing difference operation to obtain the error of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool at the moment, and then compensating by using a program.
And after compensation, part machining is started, so that the machining precision of the parts is ensured.
Example (b):
for example, for a certain type of part, the drawing requires that the central position angle of the hole is 60 +/-3 ', the actual value of the 60-degree position of the machine tool at the moment is 60 +/-3' measured by a quick calibration device, the machine tool is machined after being compensated by a program, and the result of the machined part is in accordance with the drawing requirement after being measured by a high-precision three-coordinate measuring machine.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a five-axis machine tool rotation axis angle accuracy calibrating device which characterized in that: the device comprises a mounting base, a rotating disk and a locking screw;
the mounting base is integrally a disc-shaped base, a conical mounting cavity is concentrically arranged at the upper end of the mounting base, and a central positioning column and a central positioning hole are arranged in the center of the conical mounting cavity; a plurality of threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom surface of the conical mounting cavity along the circumferential direction; a circle of 360-degree scribed lines are carved at the periphery of the conical mounting cavity at the upper end of the mounting base, and each grid is 1 degree; a base measuring hole is formed outside the scribed line on the mounting base, and the connecting line of the central line of the base measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the mounting base is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark on the mounting base;
the rotating disc is a conical disc, and the taper of the rotating disc is consistent with that of a conical mounting cavity on the mounting base and is matched with the size of the conical mounting cavity; an angle vernier is arranged on the edge of the excircle at the upper end of the rotating disc; a central column is arranged in the center of the upper end of the conical disc, and a central positioning hole is formed in the center of the upper end of the conical disc; the rotating disc is provided with a circular arc-shaped long hole outside the central column; the upper end of the rotating disc is also provided with a rotating disc measuring hole; the connecting line of the central line of the rotating disc measuring hole and the central line of the central positioning hole of the rotating disc is superposed with the 0-degree scale mark of the angle vernier on the rotating disc;
the rotating disc is coaxially embedded in a conical mounting cavity on the mounting base, and the rotating disc and the mounting base form adjustable fixed connection through screws penetrating through the arc-shaped long holes and the threaded holes.
2. The device for calibrating the angular accuracy of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the vernier scale line of the angle vernier takes 29 degrees, the vernier scale line is averagely divided into 30 small grids, and the vernier scale line angle grid is 29 degrees/30 degrees.
3. A calibration method based on the device for calibrating the angular accuracy of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, placing a mounting base at the center of the end face of a rotating shaft of a five-axis machine tool, aligning the flatness of the upper end face of the mounting base to be 0.005mm, and fixing the mounting base by using a self-carrying press plate of the machine tool;
step 2, after the mounting base is fixed at the central position of the end face of the rotating shaft, the rotating disc is embedded into a conical mounting cavity on the mounting base, and the required calibration angle alpha is used according to part processing 1 Rotating the rotating disc to make the included angle between the zero scale on the installation base and the zero scale line on the rotating disc be alpha 1 (ii) a Then, the mounting base and the rotating disk are connected in a locking manner by screws;
and 3, under the condition that the position of a 3D probe of the machine tool is not fixed, starting a rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool to drive the mounting base and the rotating disc to move to the position of the 3D probe, and sequentially measuring a central coordinate O of a central positioning hole of the rotating disc and a central coordinate O of a chassis measuring hole through the 3D probe 1 And center coordinate O of rotating disk measuring hole 2 The center of the rotating disk is connected with the center of the chassis measuring hole to obtain a straight line OO 1 The line connecting the center of the rotating disk and the center of the measuring hole of the rotating disk obtains a straight line OO 2 Calculating the included angle alpha between the two straight lines 2 ；
Step 4, converting alpha in the step 3 2 With alpha in step 2 1 And performing difference operation to obtain the error of the rotating shaft of the five-axis machine tool at the moment, and then compensating by using a program.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372860.9A CN115971966A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Device and method for calibrating angle precision of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372860.9A CN115971966A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Device and method for calibrating angle precision of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115971966A true CN115971966A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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ID=85956874
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372860.9A Pending CN115971966A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Device and method for calibrating angle precision of rotating shaft of five-axis machine tool |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115971966A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-03 CN CN202211372860.9A patent/CN115971966A/en active Pending
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