CN115970326A - High-purity crystallizer for acrylic acid - Google Patents

High-purity crystallizer for acrylic acid Download PDF

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CN115970326A
CN115970326A CN202310082834.0A CN202310082834A CN115970326A CN 115970326 A CN115970326 A CN 115970326A CN 202310082834 A CN202310082834 A CN 202310082834A CN 115970326 A CN115970326 A CN 115970326A
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crystallization
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acrylic acid
crystallizer
regions
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于婷
朱倩虹
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Lianyungang Minglei Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid, which belongs to the technical field of crystallization equipment and comprises a distribution section and a collection section, wherein a baffle is arranged at the upper part of the distribution section, a feed inlet is arranged on the distribution section, a discharge outlet is arranged at the lower part of the collection section, a crystallization section is arranged between the distribution section and the collection section, the crystallization section is provided with n crystallization regions, namely a1 st crystallization region, a 2 nd crystallization region, a 8230, an nth crystallization region, n not less than 2, a cold and hot medium inlet and a cold and hot medium outlet are respectively arranged on the crystallization regions, every two crystallization regions are hermetically connected through a flange, a group of vertical crystallization tubes are respectively arranged in the crystallization regions, the crystallization tubes between every two crystallization regions are mutually communicated, the upper part of a top crystallization tube is communicated with an S-shaped tube, the upper part of the S-shaped tube is communicated with the baffle, and the lower part of a bottom crystallization tube is communicated with the collection section. Solves the technical problems of high crystallization impurity, poor yield and high energy consumption of the prior equipment, and is mainly applied to the purification of the refined acrylic acid.

Description

Crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of purification equipment, in particular to a crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid.
Background
The high-purity acrylic acid refers to acrylic acid with higher purity, the acrylic acid content of which reaches more than 99.9%, and other impurities: the content of acrolein, furfural, benzaldehyde, acetic acid, propionic acid, maleic anhydride and dimer is very low, and the method is mainly used for producing Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP). At present, the high-purity acrylic acid is obtained by removing impurities from acrylic acid common acid by using a rectification method and a crystallization method and purifying the acrylic acid common acid:
a rectification method: since some impurities (such as acrolein) in crude acrylic acid have boiling points very close to that of acrylic acid, when high-purity acrylic acid is prepared by rectification, a chemical (such as hydrazine, mercaptan, etc.) is added to convert the impurities into high-boiling substances, and then the impurities are removed by rectification. The typical distillation process for producing high-purity acrylic acid mainly comprises a slaker (reactor), an acrylic acid distillation column, an acrylic acid recovery column and the like.
And (3) a crystallization method: the crystallization process has been developed later, but there is a trend in future. Because the melt crystallization method does not use solvent, has simple equipment and has unique advantages of easy polymerization, difficult rectification and separation and refining of high-boiling point organic matters, the method almost completely replaces the rectification method to produce high-purity acrylic acid at present. The principle of melt crystallization is simple, an impure, molten material is cooled to the point of solidification, and the material crystallizes and is separated from the stock solution. Because the crystallization temperatures of various substances are different, the substances can be separated by controlling the temperature so as to achieve the purpose of purification.
Falling film crystallization is a novel crystallization separation technology, which comprises three steps of crystallization, sweating and melting. The principle is as follows: the material flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of the crystal to form a liquid film. The cooling medium flows along the outer pipe wall, and the material film on the inner pipe wall is cooled by heat transfer between the pipe wall and the material. Because the heat transfer efficiency of the liquid film is high, the cooled material film is crystallized in the flowing process when reaching the crystallization temperature.
At present, most of high-purity acrylic acid at home and abroad is produced by a crystallization method, and the most used method is falling film melting crystallization. Because of the limitation of the heat transfer area of the crystallization tube, most of the existing high-purity acrylic acid devices accelerate heat transfer by increasing the temperature difference between the inner wall and the outer wall of the crystallization tube in order to improve yield, and achieve rapid cooling crystallization and heating melting. Thus, the temperature control is not precise, and the temperature difference of the stock solution film at each point in the crystallization tube is large during the temperature reduction crystallization. The impurities can be contained in the crystal when the low-temperature original liquid film is crystallized at the place where the temperature is fast, and the difficulty and the sweating amount of sweating are increased during sweating. The amount of sweating reaches 10% of the amount of crystallization, and some refined acrylic acid enters a low-content tank along with the sweating, so that the product yield is reduced.
In order to ensure the effective crystallization of the stock solution in the crystallizer, the length of the crystallization tube is very long, and is generally 18 meters. The cooling and heating medium enters and exits from the lower part and the upper part of the crystallizer. The temperature difference of the cold and hot medium in and out of the crystallizer is large through long-distance heat exchange. The thickness of the crystal in the crystal tube is different in the length direction, and the purity of the crystal is different. The difficulty and the sweating amount are also increased when sweating. The pipe diameters of the inlet and the outlet of the cooling and heating medium are increased.
The density of acrylic acid is 1.051t/m 3 Density after crystallization of 1.045t/m 3 . It is difficult to ensure that the crystals within such long tubes do not break and collapse, especially during sweating. The crystals dropped into the stock solution are remelted, reducing the productivity and increasing the energy consumption. When the large crystal drops, the crystal tube is blocked, and the crystal is easy to wrap impurities. In the sweating process, the blocked crystallization tube can cause the sweating to be not smoothly discharged, and the product purity is influenced.
The existing device for purifying acrylic acid by using an ice crystal method cannot accurately control the temperature of the material according to the characteristics of the material due to the limitation of equipment conditions. The process also does not provide detailed control parameters. So that the prior acrylic acid purifying device has the advantages of inaccurate temperature control, poor production continuity and low automation degree. So that the existing device has low productivity, low yield (about 60 percent) and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the existing acrylic acid purifying device by crystallization, the invention aims to provide a crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid, which is used for solving the technical problems of high energy consumption, uneven crystal thickness, low product purity, low yield, poor production continuity and the like when the existing falling film melting crystallization device is used for separation and purification.
A crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid comprises a distribution section and a collection section, wherein the distribution section is used for distributing stock solution, the collection section is used for collecting fluid, a baffle is arranged at the upper part of the distribution section, a feed inlet is formed in the distribution section, a discharge outlet is formed in the lower part of the collection section, the crystallizer is characterized in that a crystallization section is arranged between the distribution section and the collection section, the crystallization section is provided with n crystallization regions, namely a1 st crystallization region, a 2 nd crystallization region, a 8230, a n crystallization region, n not less than 2, a cold and hot medium inlet and a cold and hot medium outlet are formed in the crystallization region, each two crystallization regions are connected in a sealing mode through flanges, a group of vertical crystallization tubes are arranged in each crystallization region, the crystallization tubes between each two crystallization regions are mutually communicated, the upper parts of top crystallization tubes are communicated with S-shaped tubes, the upper parts of the S-shaped tubes are communicated with the baffle, and the lower parts of the bottom crystallization tubes are communicated with the collection section. The S-shaped pipe is used for uniformly distributing the materials in each crystallization pipe, so that the uniform thickness of a crystallized film is ensured.
Preferably: in order to prevent collapse of the crystals inside the upper crystallization tube, especially during sweating. The crystals dropped into the stock solution are remelted, reducing the productivity and increasing the energy consumption. When the large crystal drops, the crystal tube is blocked, and the crystal is easy to wrap impurities. In the sweating process, the blocked crystallization tube can cause the sweating to be not smoothly discharged, and the product purity is influenced. The crystallization tubes are internally provided with a group of inner fins which are arranged in an equal proportion and a circle, wherein the inner fins in adjacent crystallization areas are arranged in a cross staggered manner, namely the inner fins a in the crystallization tube in the upper layer of crystallization area and the inner fins b in the lower layer of crystallization area are arranged in a staggered manner due to different fin angles.
Preferably: in order to increase the heat transfer efficiency, the outer part of the crystallization tube is provided with outer fins.
Preferably: in order to better play a role in guiding flow, the upper part of the inner fin in the crystallization area is provided with a stock solution guide plate
Preferably: in order to achieve the effect of uniform film distribution, the raw liquid guide plate is in an inverted cone shape.
Preferably: in order to ensure that the distribution section is not crystallized, the distribution section is provided with a heat tracing pipe a.
Preferably: in order to ensure the temperature of the collecting section, a heat tracing pipe b is arranged on the collecting section.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: by adding the inner finned tube, the heat exchange area is doubled, and the thickness of a film formed in unit time is increased from 26.67mm to 28.26mm of the traditional falling film crystallizer. The temperature of the liquid film is more uniform, the temperature difference is small, the crystallization purity is improved, impurities are not easy to enter crystals, the sweating rate is reduced to 4.95%, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of a crystallization refrigerant of the crystallizer is reduced to 14 ℃ from 18.5 ℃ of the traditional falling film crystallizer through sectional crystallization. The yield is increased, the refrigerant consumption is reduced, the energy consumption cost is reduced, the problem of congestion of a crystallization pipe even caused when a large crystal falls can be prevented through structural transformation, the impurity content of crystallization packages is reduced, and the sweat is discharged smoothly, so that the product purity is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an internal structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of the joint of the crystallization tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bulk liquid baffle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view a of a crystallization tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view b of a crystallization tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a crystallization tube according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6:
a crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid comprises a distribution section 1 and a collection section 6, wherein the upper portion of the distribution section 1 is provided with a baffle 1-2, the distribution section 1 is provided with a feed inlet 1-1, the lower portion of the collection section 6 is provided with a discharge outlet 6-2, a crystallization section is arranged between the distribution section 1 and the collection section 6 and is provided with 2 crystallization regions 2 which are respectively a1 st crystallization region and a 2 nd crystallization region, the 1 st crystallization region and the 2 nd crystallization region are respectively provided with a cold and hot medium inlet and a cold and hot medium outlet, every two crystallization regions 2 are hermetically connected through a flange 3, a group of vertical crystallization tubes 5 are respectively arranged in the crystallization regions, the crystallization tubes 5 between every two crystallization regions 2 are mutually communicated, the upper portion of a top crystallization tube 5 is communicated with an S-shaped tube 4, the upper portion of the S-shaped tube 4 is communicated with the baffle 1-2, the lower portion of a bottom crystallization tube 5 is communicated with the collection section 6, a group of inner fins a plurality of inner fins a7 which are arranged in an equal proportion and a circumferential shape is arranged in the crystallization tubes 5 in the crystallization region, a group of inner fins a cross arrangement and outer fins 5 b which are arranged in the crystallization tubes in an equal proportion are arranged in the crystallization tube 5, and a cross arrangement is arranged in the crystallization region 8 b, and 8-5 are arranged in the outer fins in the cross arrangement, and are arranged in the crystallization region in the crystal region, and are arranged in the cross arrangement, and are arranged in the crystal tubes 5. The upper part of the inner fin in the crystallization area is provided with a stock solution guide plate 5-1, and the stock solution guide plate 5-1 is in an inverted cone shape. The distribution section 1 is provided with heat tracing pipes a1-3, the collection section is provided with heat tracing pipes b6-1, and the number of the crystallization areas can be adjusted according to actual needs, and can be 3, 4, 5 and the like.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the equipment disclosed by the invention is used for crystallizing, sweating and melting crude acrylic acid to remove impurities in refined acrylic acid, and through the special structural transformation of the equipment disclosed by the invention, a plurality of problems in the existing equipment can be solved, so that on one hand, the energy consumption is reduced, on the other hand, the blockage of a crystallization tube is prevented, and the impurities can be prevented from entering crystals. By means of an automated process, an accurate realization of the individual phases can be ensured. Whether or not a second sweating is required for each stage depends on the product.
The following table shows the specific parameters of the present invention in comparison to the specific parameters of the existing equipment:
item Parameters of conventional falling film crystallizer Parameters of the invention
Acrylic acid Density (kg/m) 3 ) 1045 1045
Single tube diameter (mm) 70 70
Single pipe area (, square meter) 0.0038 0.0037
Height (mm) 18000 3*6000
Volume of single tube (m) 3 ) 0.0692 0.0674
Capacity (kg) of single tube full tube 72 70
Number of tubes 840 840
Total capacity (kg) 60776 59196
Actual amount of crystallization per stage (kg) 40000 40000
Volume of the remaining empty tube in the middle (m) 3 ) 19.8816 18.3696
Single tube residual volume (m) 3 ) 0.0237 0.0219
Single pipe surplus area (square meter) 0.0013 0.0012
Residual diameter (mm) 40.93 39.34
Film thickness (mm) 26.67 28.26
Temperature difference of crystalline refrigerant inlet and outlet 18.5 14
Purity of crystalline acrylic acid 99.71% 99.81%
Amount of sweats (kg) 3750 1980
Sweating rate 9.38% 4.95%
The indexes and the yield of the high-purity acrylic acid product prepared by using the crystallizer are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0004067965210000061
by changing the crystallizer form: 1. finned tubes are added, so that the heat exchange area is increased; 2. and (4) crystallizing in sections to reduce the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet of the refrigerant. Through automatic batch control design, the automatic operation of the device is realized, and the expected target is finally reached: 1. the yield of the high-purity acrylic acid reaches 98.5 percent, and a small amount of residual liquid is treated as hazardous waste. 2. The degree of automation realizes DCS one-key operation and unattended operation. 3. The yield can reach 7 ten thousand tons per year, and the energy consumption cost of the product is reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. The crystallizer for the high-purity acrylic acid comprises a distribution section (1) and a collection section (6), wherein a baffle (1-2) is arranged at the upper part of the distribution section (1), a feed inlet (1-1) is formed in the distribution section (1), a discharge outlet (6-2) is formed in the lower part of the collection section (6), the crystallizer is characterized in that a crystallization section is arranged between the distribution section (1) and the collection section (6), the crystallization section is provided with n crystallization regions (2) which are respectively a1 st crystallization region and a 2 nd crystallization region, 8230, the nth crystallization region is n or more than 2, a cold and hot medium inlet and a cold and hot medium outlet are respectively formed in the crystallization regions (2), every two crystallization regions (2) are hermetically connected through a flange (3), a group of vertical crystallization tubes (5) are respectively arranged in the crystallization regions, the crystallization tubes (5) between every two crystallization regions (2) are mutually communicated, the upper part of the top crystallization tube (5) is communicated with an S-shaped tube (4), and the upper part of the S-shaped tube (4) is communicated with the baffle (1-2), and the lower part of the crystallization tube (5) is communicated with the collection section (6).
2. The crystallizer for crystallizing high-purity acrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein said crystallization tubes (5) each have a plurality of inner fins arranged circumferentially in equal proportion, wherein the inner fins in adjacent crystallization zones are arranged in a staggered manner.
3. The crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid according to claim 1, wherein said crystallization tubes (5) are externally provided with external fins (5-3).
4. The crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part of the inner fin in the crystallization zone is provided with a raw liquid guide plate (5-1).
5. The crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid according to claim 1, wherein said stock solution guide plate (5-1) has an inverted conical shape.
6. The crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid according to claim 1, wherein said distribution section (1) is provided with heat tracing pipes a (1-3).
7. The crystallizer for high-purity acrylic acid according to claim 1, wherein said collecting section is provided with a heat tracing pipe b (6-1).
CN202310082834.0A 2023-02-08 2023-02-08 High-purity crystallizer for acrylic acid Pending CN115970326A (en)

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CN110433522A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-12 山东益丰生化环保股份有限公司 A kind of production method of thiocarbamide continuous crystallisation
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CN110433522A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-12 山东益丰生化环保股份有限公司 A kind of production method of thiocarbamide continuous crystallisation
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CN216837837U (en) * 2021-10-22 2022-06-28 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Shell-and-tube crystallizer and continuous paraffin crystallization separation device
CN114191843A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-03-18 上海东庚化工技术有限公司 Efficient continuous falling film melting crystallizer

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