CN115961294A - Zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and a method, and the zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system is provided with a fossil energy use carbon discharge device, a carbon capture device and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device. Wherein, the fossil energy uses row carbon device to be used for carrying out fossil energy conversion and utilizes in order to produce and contains the carbon dioxide flue gas, carries out the entrapment separation to containing the carbon dioxide flue gas through carbon entrapment device and obtains the carbon dioxide to send carbon dioxide to in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device with hydrogen or water carry out catalytic conversion, in order to generate carbon base chemical products, carbon base chemical products can be used to the energy storage or as the energy use, and this disclosed carbon base chemical products preparation system that zero carbon discharged has realized zero carbon and has discharged.

Description

Zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of zero carbon emission, in particular to a system and a method for preparing carbon-based chemical products with zero carbon emission.

Background

At present, in the energy structure of China, fossil energy generating carbon emission accounts for 84% and non-fossil energy accounts for 16%. The key to realizing carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization is to realize the cleanness of an energy structure and improve the proportion of renewable energy. In order to reduce carbon emission, the use of fossil energy must be reduced, and the fossil energy has an irreplaceable effect on ensuring the safety and stability of an energy system for a long time.

Therefore, how to convert the carbon dioxide that discharges in the fossil energy use into usable carbon base chemical products, realize conversion and storage of electric energy to chemical energy when reaching zero carbon emission, realize the green substitution under the traditional fuel chemicals application scene, be the problem that this application mainly will solve.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems or at least partially solve the technical problems, the present disclosure provides a carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method with zero carbon emission.

In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system, including a fossil energy use carbon discharge device, a carbon capture device, and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device;

the fossil energy uses the carbon emission device to convert and utilize fossil energy and generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

the capture inlet of the carbon capture device is communicated with the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet of the fossil energy use carbon emission device, the carbon capture device is used for capturing and separating the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, and the carbon capture device is provided with a carbon dioxide outlet for discharging the carbon dioxide;

the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is provided with a first inlet allowing water or hydrogen to enter and a second inlet communicated with the carbon dioxide outlet, and is used for catalytically converting the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, still include purification heat sink, purification heat sink's purification entry with fossil energy uses row carbon device intercommunication, purification heat sink's purification export with the entrapment entry intercommunication, purification heat sink is used for right carbon dioxide flue gas carries out cooling purification treatment.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is used for converting carbon dioxide into carbon-based chemical products, and the carbon-based chemical products are generated by converting carbon dioxide and water entering from the first inlet into carbon dioxide.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further comprises a water pretreatment device, the water pretreatment device is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet of the water pretreatment device is communicated with the first inlet so as to provide the water to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device;

the renewable energy power generation device is used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the carbon-based chemical product is generated.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system further comprises a hydrogen production device by electrolyzing water and a water pretreatment device;

a hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is communicated with the first inlet so as to provide the hydrogen for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device; the water pretreatment device is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet of the water pretreatment device is communicated with the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device so as to supply water to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device;

the renewable energy power generation device is also used for supplying power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system further comprises an energy storage product conversion and utilization device;

the material inlet of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device is communicated with the carbon-based chemical product outlet of the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the energy storage product conversion and utilization device is used for converting and utilizing the carbon-based chemical product to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device is communicated with the carbon capture device to provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device.

In a second aspect, the present disclosure further provides a method for preparing a carbon-based chemical product by using the above carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system, where the method includes:

the method comprises the steps of introducing fossil energy into a fossil energy use carbon emission device, and converting and utilizing the fossil energy in the fossil energy use carbon emission device to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture so as to separate out carbon dioxide;

and introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and sending the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to be catalytically converted with the water or the hydrogen so as to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, before the step of sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to the carbon capture device for capture, the method further comprises sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to a purification and temperature reduction device for purification and temperature reduction.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen to a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate a carbon-based chemical product includes:

supplying power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device so as to enable the carbon dioxide and the water to be subjected to electrocatalytic conversion to generate a carbon-based chemical product;

or supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the method further includes:

conveying the carbon-based chemical product to an energy storage product conversion utilization device for conversion utilization to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

sending the generated carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, in the step of introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and feeding the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen so as to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the concentration of the carbon dioxide introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is greater than 80%; the COD content of the water introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is lower than 50mg/L, and the pH value of the water is between 6.5 and 9;

and the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen are subjected to catalytic conversion at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the step of supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the renewable energy power generation device to perform thermal catalytic conversion on the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to catalytic conversion under conditions of a preset reaction temperature and a preset gas pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

wherein the preset reaction temperature is between 150 ℃ and 350 ℃; the preset air pressure is-5 Mpa.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the resulting reformate includes methanol and ethanol, which may be used to power a transportation device; or, the generated reformate includes an energy storage medium for storing hydrogen.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following advantages:

the utility model provides a zero carbon emission's carbon base chemical products preparation system and method, this zero carbon emission's carbon base chemical products preparation system uses row carbon device, carbon capture device and carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through setting up fossil energy. Wherein, the fossil energy uses row carbon device to be used for carrying out fossil energy conversion and utilizes in order to produce and contain the carbon dioxide flue gas, carries out the entrapment separation to containing the carbon dioxide flue gas through carbon entrapment device and obtains the carbon dioxide to send carbon dioxide to in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device with hydrogen or water carry out catalytic conversion, in order to generate carbon base chemical products, not only realized zero carbon and discharged, and carbon base chemical products can also be used to the energy storage or use as the energy.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a zero carbon emission carbon-based chemical product manufacturing system of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon-emission-free carbon-based chemical product manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of a method of preparing a carbon-based chemical product with zero carbon emissions according to the present disclosure.

Wherein, 1, the fossil energy uses a carbon discharging device; 11. a carbon dioxide flue gas outlet; 2. a carbon capture device; 21. a capture inlet; 22. a carbon dioxide outlet; 23. a circulating air intake; 3. a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device; 31. a first inlet; 32. a second inlet; 33. a carbon-based chemical product outlet; 34. a heat source inlet; 4. a hydrogen production device by water electrolysis; 41. a water inlet; 42. a hydrogen outlet; 5. a water pretreatment device; 51. a water inlet; 52. a water outlet; 6. a renewable energy power generation device; 7. a rectifying device; 8. an energy storage product conversion and utilization device; 81. a feeding port; 82. a carbon dioxide vent.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides a carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission, which includes a fossil energy use carbon emission device 1, a carbon capture device 2, and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3.

Wherein, fossil energy uses carbon emission device 1 to be used for supplying fossil energy to carry out the conversion and utilize to produce the carbon dioxide flue gas in this process. The carbon emission device 1 for fossil energy use has a carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11 for discharging carbon dioxide-containing flue gas.

During concrete implementation, the carbon discharging device 1 for fossil energy comprises a coal-fired power generation unit, a steel smelting furnace, a coking chemical unit, a cement calcining furnace, a building material smelting furnace, a coal chemical industry and petrochemical industry natural gas chemical conversion furnace and the like, during operation, carbon dioxide-containing smoke can be generated, a large amount of carbon dioxide is contained in the carbon dioxide-containing smoke, and if the carbon dioxide is directly discharged, the environment pollution can be caused, so that the carbon dioxide is required to be treated to realize zero carbon emission.

The carbon capture device 2 has a capture inlet 21 and a carbon dioxide outlet 22 which are communicated with the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11, so that the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11 of the fossil energy carbon use discharge device 1 enters the carbon capture device 2 to be captured and separated to obtain carbon dioxide. During specific implementation, the carbon capture device 2 separates carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, and the captured carbon dioxide can be sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through a compressor for subsequent conversion.

Aiming at the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas, different carbon capture devices 2 and processes can be adopted to capture the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas. Illustratively, the trapping method may include an adsorption method, an absorption method, a membrane separation method, and the like.

For example, when the capture is performed by the absorption method, the carbon capture device 2 may specifically include a flue gas pretreatment unit, an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, an exhaust gas washing unit, a solution reboiler, a product gas condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, and the like, and may employ a physical absorption method such as packing or a solvent chemical absorption method.

For example, when the carbon capture device 2 is used for capturing by an adsorption method, the carbon capture device may specifically include a flue gas dust removal system, an adsorption tower, a compressor, and the like, and capture is performed by physical adsorption or chemical adsorption.

Illustratively, when the carbon capture device 2 is used for capture by a membrane separation method, the carbon capture device may specifically include a gas purification system, a membrane separation module, and the like.

Wherein the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 has a first inlet 31 into which water can enter and a second inlet 32 communicating with the carbon dioxide outlet 22. And the water in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 and the carbon dioxide are subjected to catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

During the concrete realization, still include purification heat sink, purification heat sink has the purification entry and the purification export with entrapment entry 21 intercommunication with the purification entry of carbon dioxide exhanst gas outlet 11 intercommunication, and the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is discharged to carbon entrapment device 2 in after purifying the entry and getting into to purify the cooling device in and purifying.

That is to say, before the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas generated by the carbon emission device 1 for fossil energy is sent to the carbon dioxide capture device 2 for carbon dioxide capture, the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas needs to be purified to remove impurities, cooled and then sent to the carbon capture device 2.

During the concrete realization, still include renewable energy power generation facility 6 for the electricity generation produces electric power, renewable energy power generation facility 6 is used for supplying power to carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 to make and enter into carbon dioxide and the water in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 and carry out electro-catalytic conversion, in order to generate carbon base chemical products.

Wherein the electrocatalytic conversion can be carried out by using an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may be a liquid flow electrolytic reactor or a membrane electrode assembly reactor or the like. The liquid flowing electrolysis reactor comprises an alkaline gas diffusion motor, an exchange membrane and an anode electrode unit. The alkaline gas diffusion motor is a core component and comprises a carbon fiber framework, carbon paper, a catalyst, an electrode plate and the like. The membrane electrode assembly reactor comprises a gas diffusion layer, a cathode catalyst + membrane assembly layer, an anode catalyst layer and the like. The specific form of the electrolytic cell is not limited in this embodiment, and the cathode generates a reduction reaction of carbon dioxide and the anode generates an oxygen evolution reaction. Carbon dioxide and water react in an electrolytic cell to obtain carbon-based chemical products mainly comprising carbon monoxide, formic acid, methanol, ethanol, ethylene and the like.

The renewable energy power generation device 6 may be specifically a renewable energy power generation device that does not generate carbon emissions, such as solar energy, hydraulic energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, or the like, for example. These renewable energy power generation devices may be used alone or in combination.

For example, for photovoltaic power generation, it may specifically include a photovoltaic array, a storage battery and a controller, a power distribution cabinet, a sun tracking control system, and the like. For example, for wind power generation, it may specifically include a tower, a generator, a gear speed increaser, a pitch yaw system, blades, a coupling, an electronic control module, and the like.

During specific implementation, the zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system further comprises a rectifying device 7, wherein the rectifying device 7 is electrically connected with the renewable energy power generation device 6 so as to integrate the current emitted by the renewable energy power generation device 6 into direct current and provide the direct current for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3.

That is, when the current generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 is ac, for example, when the renewable energy power generation device 6 generates wind power, it is necessary to convert the ac into dc by the rectifier device 7. The rectifying means 7 may in particular be a rectifier.

To sum up, the zero carbon emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system provided by this embodiment uses carbon emission device 1, carbon capture device 2, renewable energy power generation device 6 and carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through setting up fossil energy. Wherein, renewable energy power generation facility 6 supplies power to carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and fossil energy uses the carbon dioxide flue gas that carbon dioxide device 1 produced to gather through carbon entrapment device 2 and obtains carbon dioxide to send carbon dioxide to in carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 and carry out electrocatalysis with water and convert, with the formation carbon back chemical products, thereby can be used to the energy storage and as the energy use. The carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission of the embodiment realizes zero carbon emission, and provides energy for conversion of carbon dioxide by using waste electricity generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6, so that the instability of high-proportion renewable energy grid connection can be reduced.

During the concrete implementation, zero carbon emission's carbon base chemical products preparation system still includes pretreatment of water device 5, and pretreatment of water device 5 is used for carrying out the preliminary treatment to the water of treating, and pretreatment of water device's delivery port 52 and first import 31 intercommunication to provide water to carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3.

During specific implementation, the water pretreatment device 5 is provided with a water inlet 51 and a water outlet 52, water to be treated can enter the water pretreatment device 5 from the water inlet 51 for pretreatment, and the pretreated water sequentially enters the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the water outlet 52 and the first inlet 31.

It should be noted that the water to be treated is generally water resources that cannot be directly used, such as mine boiling water, industrial and domestic sewage, seawater, and the like. In order to effectively utilize the water to be treated and save water resources, the water to be treated can be treated in the water pretreatment device 5 and then sent to the carbon catalytic conversion device 3 to be subjected to electrocatalytic conversion reaction with carbon dioxide to form a carbon-based chemical product.

Exemplary water pretreatment methods may include physical sedimentation, biochemical treatment, reverse osmosis desalination of seawater, high temperature chemical treatment, and the like. The water pretreatment device may specifically include a pretreatment unit (to remove large particle impurities), a sedimentation tank, a biochemical treatment tank, a reverse osmosis unit, and the like. The treated water may be sent to a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion unit.

During the concrete realization, zero carbon emission's carbon base chemical products preparation system still includes energy storage product conversion and utilizes device 8, energy storage product conversion utilizes device 8 to include pan feeding mouth 81 with carbon base chemical products export 33 intercommunication of carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 and with carbon dioxide gas vent 82 of carbon capture device 2 intercommunication to make carbon base chemical products enter into energy storage product conversion and utilize device 8 through pan feeding mouth 81 and carry out conversion or storage in order to generate conversion thing and carbon dioxide, the conversion thing specifically can be carbon monoxide, methyl alcohol, ethanol, formic acid, ethylene etc.. Carbon dioxide generated after the carbon-based chemical products are converted and utilized is sent to the carbon capture device 2 through the carbon dioxide exhaust port 82 for cyclic conversion, so that zero carbon emission is realized.

Specifically, the energy storage product conversion and utilization device 8 is, for example, a vehicle such as an automobile, a downstream chemical utilization device for methanol production, and the like. Alternatively, an indirect conversion utilization device, such as a carbon-based chemical product reforming device, may be used, in which products such as methanol are subjected to hydrogen production, i.e., hydrogen and carbon dioxide are obtained through reforming reaction, and the hydrogen is used as energy, fuel or raw material and is sent to a downstream production energy consumption area for conversion, acquisition and utilization.

Example two

The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:

referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 has a first inlet 31 through which hydrogen enters and a second inlet 32 communicating with the carbon dioxide outlet 22. The renewable energy power generation device 6 is used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, so that carbon dioxide and hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 to generate a carbon-based chemical product.

In concrete implementation, the renewable energy power generation device 6 is used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, so that carbon dioxide entering the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the second inlet 32 and hydrogen entering the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the first inlet 31 are subjected to thermocatalytic conversion to generate a carbon-based chemical product.

During the concrete realization, zero carbon emission's carbon base chemical products preparation system still includes electrolytic water hydrogen plant 4 and water pretreatment device 5. The hydrogen outlet 42 of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 is communicated with the first inlet 31 to provide hydrogen for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3. The water pretreatment device 5 is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet of the water pretreatment device is communicated with the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4 so as to supply water to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4. The renewable energy power generation device 6 is also used for supplying power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4.

In the concrete implementation, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 is provided with a water inlet 41 for supplying water into the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 and a hydrogen outlet 42 communicated with the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and water is decomposed in the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 to form hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is discharged into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the hydrogen outlet 42, so that the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide electrocatalysis device 3 to generate the carbon-based chemical product. Or the hydrogen can also be used as energy or raw materials, such as the hydrogen is sent into a hydrogen combustion battery to generate electricity or used as automobile power, and sent into a steel smelting furnace to be used as a reducing agent, and the like. Oxygen may be fed downstream as green oxygen.

In the specific implementation, the hydrogen production device 4 needs to be operated under the condition of power supply when electrolyzing water into hydrogen. Specifically, the power can be supplied to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production apparatus 4 by the renewable energy power generation apparatus 6.

The water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 can specifically adopt an electrolytic cell for conversion. The electrolytic cell may be an alkaline liquid electrolytic cell, a proton membrane electrolytic cell, a solid oxide electrolytic cell, an alkaline membrane electrolytic cell, or the like. The specific form of the electrolytic cell can be selected according to actual needs, the cathode generates hydrogen evolution reaction, and the anode generates oxygen evolution reaction. Oxygen obtained by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be used as green oxygen and sent to downstream, generated hydrogen can be sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 for thermal catalytic conversion, and part of the generated hydrogen can also be used as energy or raw material, for example, the hydrogen is sent to a hydrogen fuel cell for power generation or used as automobile power, and sent to a steel smelting furnace for use as a reducing agent, and the like.

Moreover, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 may be configured to have a heat source inlet 34, and a heat source generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 enters the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the heat source inlet 34, so that the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide undergo a thermal catalytic conversion reaction under the effect of heat of the heat source to produce the carbon-based chemical product.

The renewable energy power generation device 6 may specifically comprise, for example, a heating boiler, using steam as a heat medium to provide the heat source required for the thermal catalytic conversion reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

During specific implementation, the zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system further comprises a rectifying device 7, wherein the rectifying device 7 is electrically connected with the renewable energy power generation device 6 so as to integrate the current generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 into direct current and provide the direct current for the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4.

In the specific implementation, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 may be a thermal catalytic reactor, and may specifically adopt a fixed bed reactor, an internal packed catalyst bed layer, or a fluidized bed reactor. And introducing carbon dioxide and hydrogen from the bottom of the reactor, and reacting under the action of a catalyst to obtain the carbon-based chemical product. Wherein the mixed unconverted carbon dioxide and hydrogen are separated and recycled to the reactor again to react, and the ratio of the hydrogen to the carbon dioxide is adjusted to obtain the required carbon-based chemical product. The carbon-based chemical product can be further separated to obtain a single product for subsequent utilization.

To sum up, the zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system provided by this embodiment uses carbon emission device 1, carbon capture device 2, renewable energy power generation device 6 and carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through setting up fossil energy. Wherein, renewable energy power generation facility 6 supplies heat to carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and fossil energy uses the carbon dioxide flue gas that carbon dioxide device 1 produced to gather through carbon gathering device 2 and obtains carbon dioxide to send carbon dioxide to carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 in with hydrogen carry out thermal catalytic conversion, with the formation carbon base chemical products, thereby can be used to the energy storage or as the energy use. The carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission of the embodiment realizes zero carbon emission, and provides energy for conversion of carbon dioxide by using waste electricity generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6, so that the instability of high-proportion renewable energy grid connection can be reduced.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a carbon-based chemical product by using a carbon-emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system, where the method is performed by all or part of the carbon-emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, so as to achieve zero carbon emission.

The preparation method of the carbon-based chemical product specifically comprises the following steps:

s101: the fossil energy is introduced into the fossil energy use carbon emission device, so that the fossil energy is converted and utilized in the fossil energy use carbon emission device to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

s102: sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to a carbon capture device for capturing so as to separate out carbon dioxide;

s103: and introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and sending the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen so as to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

During specific implementation, firstly, carbon dioxide flue gas generated by the carbon emission device used by fossil energy is captured by the carbon capture device to obtain carbon dioxide. Then the water or the hydrogen and the captured carbon dioxide are both sent to a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemical products, so that the carbon-based chemical products can be used for energy storage or can be used as energy sources. The preparation method of the carbon-based chemical product with zero carbon emission realizes zero carbon emission.

The carbon dioxide emission is generated in industries using fossil energy as fuel or raw materials, such as power generation, steel, cement, building materials, chemical industry and the like, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in carbon dioxide-containing flue gas generated in different industries is different, such as the concentration of carbon dioxide in power generation hot flue gas is 10% -15%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in tail gas emitted in the chemical industry is 15% -30%. According to the concentration difference of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas, different carbon dioxide capturing methods can be adopted to capture and separate the carbon dioxide. The method for capturing carbon dioxide in a carbon capture device comprises the following steps: any one or a combination of an adsorption process, an absorption process, or a membrane separation process. Reference may be made to the description in the first embodiment, which is not repeated herein.

Specifically, the step of feeding the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product may include two forms: one implementation is to power the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device with a renewable energy power generation device so that carbon dioxide and water are electrocatalytic converted to produce a carbon-based chemical product. The other realization mode is that the renewable energy power generation device supplies heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product. In the concrete implementation, a renewable energy power generation device is adopted to generate power. Specifically, the solar energy, the hydraulic energy, the wind energy, the geothermal energy, the tidal energy and the like can be included.

For example, when the power is supplied to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the water are subjected to electrocatalytic conversion, in the electrocatalytic conversion process, the carbon dioxide and the water are reduced into carbon-based chemical products such as olefins, alkanes, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and oxygenates such as formic acid under the action of electric energy and a catalyst. The concentration of carbon dioxide introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is more than 85%, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) chlorine of water is less than 50mg/L, and the PH value is 6.5-9. This electrolytic reduction carbon dioxide process is gone on under normal atmospheric temperature and pressure, adopts the electric energy that comes from renewable energy to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide, does not have new carbon dioxide in the conversion process and produces, and this in-process can realize renewable energy's storage, is about to the electric energy to save in the chemical energy, has avoided renewable energy because of volatility big, poor stability, unable online smoothly, the unable direct storage of the useless electricity that leads to of electric power storage capacity limit to utilize the problem.

Illustratively, when the renewable energy power generation device supplies heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device so as to perform thermal catalytic conversion on carbon dioxide and the hydrogen, in the thermal catalytic conversion process, water treated by the water pretreatment device is sent into the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to be electrolyzed to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen is directly used in downstream, and the hydrogen is sent into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion on the carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are directly converted into alcohols such as olefin, alkane, methanol and ethanol, and carbon-based chemical products such as oxygen-containing compounds such as formic acid. In the thermal catalytic conversion process, the reaction temperature in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is controlled to be between 150 and 350 ℃, and the reaction pressure is controlled to be between normal pressure and 5MPa. The hydrogen and the carbon dioxide are converted efficiently under the action of the catalyst. In addition, different carbon-based chemical products can be obtained by adjusting the type of the catalyst, controlling the reaction temperature and pressure, adjusting the carbon-hydrogen ratio and the like. The hydrogen rich gas obtained by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be directly used in the downstream, can be used as energy and raw materials in the industries of transportation, chemical production, steel smelting and the like, and can be converted into electric power for use by a fuel cell.

In the concrete implementation, before the step of sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture, the flue gas containing carbon dioxide needs to be sent to a purification cooling device for cooling. And (4) conveying the purified and cooled flue gas containing carbon dioxide to a carbon capture device for separation and capture.

Further, after the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with water or hydrogen to generate a carbon-based chemical product, the carbon-based chemical product can be sent into an energy storage product conversion utilization device to be converted and utilized to generate a raw material and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide produced is sent to a carbon capture unit for subsequent conversion to achieve zero carbon emissions.

The carbon-based chemical product obtained in the process can release the energy stored in the carbon-based chemical product through the carbon dioxide conversion and utilization device, so that the required energy is provided for the energy utilization industry. For example, the methanol and ethanol can be directly used in the traffic industry to replace gasoline, diesel oil and the like to provide power for automobiles. The converted water vapor can be directly discharged without pollution, the converted carbon dioxide can be recycled to the carbon capture device so as to enter the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for conversion again, and the whole process does not generate carbon emission. The method not only realizes zero carbon emission of fossil energy, but also obtains carbon-based chemical products which can be added in a usable mode, realizes the substitution of carbon-based chemical products produced from the fossil energy, and further realizes the emission reduction of the fossil energy.

In addition, the carbon-based chemical product can be used as an energy storage medium without being directly utilized. If methanol is used as a storage medium of hydrogen to obtain hydrogen through reforming reaction, the methanol storage and transportation technology is mature, the cost is low, and the problems of difficult storage and transportation and high cost of the hydrogen can be avoided.

To sum up, the preparation method of the carbon-based chemical product with zero carbon emission provided by this embodiment can use carbon dioxide emitted in the use process of fossil energy as an effective carbon resource, and simultaneously, utilize waste electricity generated by renewable energy, that is, utilize renewable energy with zero emission of carbon dioxide such as wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, and the like to generate electricity, convert the dioxides and water or hydrogen into the carbon-based chemical product with high energy density and easy storage, thereby realizing the conversion and storage from electric energy to chemical energy, and reducing the instability of grid connection of high-proportion renewable energy.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (14)

1. A carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission is characterized by comprising a fossil energy use carbon discharge device (1), a carbon capture device (2) and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3);

the fossil energy use carbon discharging device (1) is used for converting and utilizing fossil energy and generating flue gas containing carbon dioxide;

a capture inlet (21) of the carbon capture device (2) is communicated with a carbon dioxide flue gas outlet (11) of the fossil energy carbon use discharging device (1), the carbon capture device (2) is used for capturing and separating the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, and the carbon capture device (2) is provided with a carbon dioxide outlet (22) for discharging the carbon dioxide;

the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) is provided with a first inlet (31) allowing water or hydrogen to enter and a second inlet (32) communicated with the carbon dioxide outlet (22), and the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) is used for catalytically converting the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products.

2. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a purification and temperature reduction device, wherein a purification inlet of the purification and temperature reduction device is communicated with the fossil energy use carbon emission device (1), a purification outlet of the purification and temperature reduction device is communicated with the capture inlet (21), and the purification and temperature reduction device is used for cooling and purifying the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas.

3. The carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 1, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device (6), wherein the renewable energy power generation device (6) is configured to supply power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) so that the carbon dioxide and the water entering from the first inlet (31) are subjected to electrocatalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

4. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 3, further comprising a water pretreatment device (5), wherein the water pretreatment device (5) is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet (52) of the water pretreatment device is communicated with the first inlet (31) so as to provide the water for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3).

5. The carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product manufacturing system according to claim 1, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device (6);

the renewable energy power generation device (6) is used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

6. The carbon-emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 5, further comprising a water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4) and a water pretreatment device (5);

a hydrogen outlet (42) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4) is communicated with the first inlet (31) to provide the hydrogen for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3); the water pretreatment device (5) is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet (52) of the water pretreatment device (5) is communicated with the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device (4) to supply water to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device (4);

the renewable energy power generation device (6) is also used for supplying power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4).

7. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an energy storage product conversion utilization device (8);

a feeding port (81) of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is communicated with a carbon-based chemical product outlet (33) of the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3), and the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is used for converting and utilizing the carbon-based chemical product to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

a carbon dioxide exhaust (82) of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is communicated with the carbon capture device (2) to provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device (2).

8. A method for carbon-based chemical product production using the carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

the method comprises the steps of introducing fossil energy into a fossil energy use carbon emission device, and converting and utilizing the fossil energy in the fossil energy use carbon emission device to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture so as to separate out carbon dioxide;

and introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and sending the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen so as to generate a carbon-based chemical product.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising, prior to the step of sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture, sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to a clean-up cooling device for clean-up cooling.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of feeding the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen to a carbon dioxide catalytic converter for catalytic conversion to produce carbon-based chemical products comprises:

supplying power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device so that the carbon dioxide and the water are subjected to electrocatalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

or supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein after the step of feeding the separated carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide catalytic converter for catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to produce the carbon-based chemical product, the method further comprises:

sending the carbon-based chemical product to an energy storage product conversion utilization device for conversion utilization to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

sending the generated carbon dioxide to the carbon capture unit.

12. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step of introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device and introducing the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the concentration of the carbon dioxide introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is more than 80%; the COD content of the water introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is lower than 50mg/L, and the pH value of the water is between 6.5 and 9;

and the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen are subjected to catalytic conversion at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein in the step of supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the renewable energy power generation device to thermally catalytically convert the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen gas to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen gas are catalytically converted at a preset reaction temperature and a preset gas pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

wherein the preset reaction temperature is between 150 ℃ and 350 ℃; the preset air pressure is-5 Mpa.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the resultant conversion comprises methanol and ethanol, the methanol and ethanol being usable to power transportation equipment; or, the conversion product generated comprises an energy storage medium for storing hydrogen.

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