CN215713422U

CN215713422U - Automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment for waste gas utilization

Info

Publication number: CN215713422U
Application number: CN202121125478.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王忠诚; 赵冲
Original assignee: Shanghai Maritime University
Current assignee: Shanghai Maritime University
Priority date: 2021-05-25
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2022-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and particularly discloses an automatic carbon dioxide reduction device for waste gas utilization₂Collecting device, CO₂Reduction and electric control device, CO and O₂And (4) a collecting device. The industrial waste gas temperature difference is used for supplying power, and carbon dioxide in the waste gas is recycled; the apparatus converts CO₂Mixed with water vapor and injected into the cathode chamber, thereby allowing high concentration of CO₂And the low concentration of water vapor prevents the direct contact of the catalyst and the liquid water, thereby reducing CO₂Limitation of mass diffusion of CO₂Adsorbed onto carbon fiber paper coated with Ni-NCB catalyst, and water and CO were added by applying a reduction potential to the cathode₂Reduction to CO and OH-, and electrochemical reduction of CO₂During the electrolysis, the average current of 8A is continuously used for more than 6 hours to generate 20.4L of CO, so that the stable CO selectivity of over 90 percent is maintained, and the high reaction current density and the high CO selectivity are realized.

Description

Automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment for waste gas utilization

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, in particular to automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment for waste gas utilization.

Background

Currently, with the development of economy and the continuous consumption of fossil fuels, global warming and energy problems are getting more and more serious due to greenhouse gases emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels and industrial manufacturing processes. The electrochemical emission reduction of carbon dioxide is a sustainable strategy for relieving the crisis of fossil fuels and improving the utilization efficiency of renewable energy sources, and is an environment-friendly method for coping with global warming.

The principle of reducing carbon dioxide by an electrochemical method utilizes cathode nickel substances in CO₂And deionized water vapor as gas phase carrier, when the nickel substance is electrified, CO₂Is very easily adsorbed and produces CO. The anode is made of KHCO₃The aqueous solution is used as carrier, and generates O when electrified₂And water.

The following chemical reaction formula:

cathode: h₂O+CO₂+2e-→CO+2OH-

Anode: 4OH- -4e- - → 2H₂O+O₂

The main challenges faced by carbon dioxide reduction reactions are poor activity, low current density, low stability, low product selectivity, and the problems of large floor space, high energy consumption and the like when collecting reduced gas. In order to solve the problems and the requirements, the scheme provides the automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment for utilizing the waste gas.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention is directed to an automated carbon dioxide reduction apparatus for waste gas utilization to solve the above problems of the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: automatic carbon dioxide reduction for waste gas utilizationThe original equipment comprises thermoelectric generation and CO which are communicated with each other through a pipeline₂Collecting device, CO₂Reduction and electric control device, CO and O₂A collection device;

the thermoelectric power generation and CO₂The collecting device comprises an air pipe and CO₂Collecting chamber, CO₂The system comprises a gas separation membrane, a tail gas chamber, an electric three-way valve, a tail gas flow chamber, a thermoelectric generation sheet, a heat dissipation spine sheet and a cooling water tank; the trachea and CO₂The collection chambers are communicated; the cooling water tank is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas flowing chamber, two sides of the thermoelectric generation piece are tightly connected with the tail gas flowing chamber and the heat dissipation ratchet piece, and the heat dissipation ratchet piece is inserted into the cooling water tank; the tail gas flowing chamber is communicated with the tail gas chamber through a pipeline and an electric three-way valve, and CO is₂The gas separation membrane is arranged in the tail gas chamber and CO₂Between the collecting chambers for collecting CO in the tail gas chamber₂Separation of gas into CO₂In the collection chamber;

CO₂the reduction and electric control device comprises an evaporating dish, an air inlet cover, an inlet pipe, an electric control device, a circulating water tank, a drain pipe, a liquid level detector, an anode chamber, a pressure detector and a cathode chamber; the electric control device is arranged on a circulating water tank, deionized water is arranged in the circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is communicated with the evaporation pan through a water inlet pipe, and the deionized water is injected into the evaporation pan through the water inlet pipe, and the evaporation pan is used for heating the deionized water and generating a large amount of steam;

the air inlet cover is arranged on the cathode chamber, and the evaporating dish is arranged in the air inlet cover; the trachea is far away from CO₂One end of the collecting chamber is communicated with the cathode chamber, so that CO is generated₂Collecting the CO in the room₂Gas enters the cathode chamber through a gas pipe; the liquid level detector is arranged on the cathode chamber, and the bottom of the cathode chamber is communicated with the circulating water tank through a drain pipe and used for recycling deionized water;

the carrier of the anode chamber is saturated KHCO₃In the water solution, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are in threaded connection through an external thread end cover and an internal thread end cover, and an anode, an anion exchange membrane, a cathode and carbon fiber paper are arranged between the external thread end cover and the internal thread end cover; the cathode chamber and the anode chamberPressure detectors are arranged on the side edges;

CO and O₂The collecting means comprises O₂The device comprises a collecting bottle, a CO collecting chamber and a CO gas separation membrane; said O is₂The collecting bottle is communicated with the anode chamber, and the CO gas separation membrane is arranged between the cathode chamber and the CO collecting chamber and is used for separating CO gas generated by the cathode chamber into the CO collecting chamber.

The tail gas chamber and CO₂The collecting chambers are respectively provided with a pressure detector, the pressure detectors are connected with an electric control device, and the electric control device is connected with the control end of the electric three-way valve; regulating the exhaust gas chamber and CO by means of a control device₂The pressure of the collection chamber is in the range of 0.1-0.2 MPa. Realization of CO and O₂Automated and efficient generation.

Preferably, the CO gas separation membrane is a double-layer membrane design, and CO product gas with the purity of more than 98% can be separated.

Preferably, the surface of the carbon fiber paper is coated with a Ni-NCB catalyst.

Preferably, the thermoelectric generation piece generates electricity by using the temperature difference between the two sides thereof, and transmits the electric energy to a storage battery installed at the outer side of the circulation water tank for storage.

Preferably, the CO is₂The gas separation membrane is made of PVAm and PVA and is used for separating CO in the tail gas chamber₂Separation of gas into CO₂In the collection chamber, CO is supplied for electrochemical reduction₂Raw materials.

Preferably, the CO gas separation membrane is a cellulose acetate membrane.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment for waste gas utilization provided by the utility model utilizes the temperature difference of industrial waste gas to supply power and recycles carbon dioxide in the waste gas; the apparatus converts CO₂Mixed with water vapor and injected into the cathode chamber, thereby allowing high concentration of CO₂And the low concentration of water vapor prevents the direct contact of the catalyst and the liquid water, thereby reducing CO₂Limitation of mass diffusion of CO₂Adsorbed onto carbon fiber paper coated with Ni-NCB catalyst byApplying a reduction potential to the cathode, adding water and CO₂Reduction to CO and OH-, and electrochemical reduction of CO₂During the electrolysis, the average current of 8A is continuously used for more than 6 hours to generate 20.4L of CO, so that the stable CO selectivity of over 90 percent is maintained, and the high reaction current density and the high CO selectivity are realized.

2. The utility model provides an automatic carbon dioxide reduction device for waste gas utilization, which utilizes CO₂The double-membrane structure of the gas separation membrane and the CO gas separation ensures the separated CO₂The CO gas product has higher purity, and the greenhouse gas is reduced into reusable gas, so that the bidirectional self-sufficient function is realized; the pressure range of 0.1-0.2MPa is always maintained by automatically controlling the gas reaction chamber and the gas collection chamber, so that the carbon dioxide reduction and the gas product generation rate in the electrochemical process are promoted, and the overall rate of the system is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a thermoelectric power generation and CO of the present invention₂A cross-sectional view of the collection device;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an inlet cowl of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a CO of the present invention₂A partial cross-sectional view of the reduction and electrical control device;

FIG. 6 shows CO and O according to the present invention₂The specific structure schematic diagram of the collecting device;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a CO collecting chamber and a cathode chamber according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the detailed structure of the male and female end caps of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the gas separation membrane of the present invention;

fig. 10 is an overall operational flow diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an air tube; 2. CO 2₂Collecting chamber 3, CO₂A gas separation membrane; 4. a tail gas chamber; 5.an electric three-way valve; 6. a tail gas flow chamber; 7. a thermoelectric power generation sheet; 8. a heat dissipation ratchet sheet; 9. a cooling water tank; 10. an evaporating dish; 11. an air intake hood; 12. a water inlet pipe; 13. an electric control device; 14. a storage battery; 15. a circulating water tank; 16 water discharge pipes; 17 a liquid level detector; 18. o is₂A collection bottle; 19. an anode chamber; 20. a CO collection bottle; 21. a pressure detector; 22. a CO collection chamber; 23. a cathode chamber; 24. an external thread end cover; 25. an anode; 26. an anion exchange membrane; 27. a cathode; 28. carbon fiber paper; 29. an internal thread end cap; 30. a gas separation membrane.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic carbon dioxide reduction device for waste gas utilization comprises thermoelectric generation and CO which are communicated with each other through a pipeline₂Collecting device, CO₂Reduction and electric control device, CO and O₂A collection device;

stage 0 (thermoelectric and CO)₂Collection stage): the high-temperature tail gas flowing through the tail gas flowing chamber 6 is cooled under the combined action of the temperature difference power generation sheet 7, the heat dissipation ratchet sheet 8 and the cooling water tank 9, meanwhile, the temperature difference power generation sheet 7 generates power by utilizing the temperature difference of the two sides of the temperature difference power generation sheet, and electric energy is transmitted to the storage battery 14 to be stored so as to supply CO₂Reduction and an electric control device. By CO₂The gas separation membrane 3 can remove CO in the tail gas chamber 5 with high selectivity₂Separation of gas into CO₂In the collection chamber 2, the collected CO₂Gas providing CO for electrochemical reduction₂Raw materials.

Stage 1 (CO)₂Reduction and electrical control stage): CO 2₂CO of the collecting chamber 2₂Gas enters the cathode chamber 23 through the gas pipe 1, and the electric control device 13 controls the circulating water tank 15 to inject deionized water into the evaporating dish 10 through the water inlet pipe 12, so as to heat the evaporating dish 10 and generate a large amount of steam, so that CO in the gas pipe 1 can be discharged₂When gas enters the gas inlet hood 11, the evaporating dish 10 is purged, so that CO is realized₂The mixture of gas and water vapor and the high concentration of CO entering the cathode chamber 23₂The gas and low concentration of water vapor prevent direct contact between the catalyst and liquid water, and reduce CO₂Limitation of mass diffusion;

when the deionized water level of the cathode chamber 23 reaches the highest position of the liquid level detector 17, the control device is started, and the water level of the cathode chamber 23 is pumped to the lowest water level through the water outlet pipe 16, so that the recycling of the deionized water is realized;

large amount of CO₂Adsorbed onto a carbon fiber paper 28 coated with a Ni-NCB catalyst, and water and CO were added by applying a reduction potential to the cathode 27₂Reduction to CO and OH-during the reaction, electrolysis was continued for more than 6 hours at an average current of 8A, yielding 20.4L CO with more than 90% retentionThe CO selectivity is stabilized; higher reaction current density and higher CO selectivity are realized. OH-is transferred to anode 25 through anion exchange membrane 26, anode 25 is subjected to an oxidation potential, and OH-is oxidized to water and O in anode chamber 19₂。

Stage 2(CO and O)₂Collection stage): CO generated in the cathode chamber 23 is separated to the CO collecting chamber 22 through the CO gas separating membrane 30, the CO gas separating membrane 30 is a double-layer membrane, CO product gas with the purity of more than 98% can be separated, meanwhile, the pressure of the CO collecting chamber 22 is controlled to be 0.1-0.2MPa, and when the pressure of the CO collecting chamber 22 reaches 0.2MPa, CO gas in the CO collecting chamber 22 is collected to the CO collecting bottle 20; realizes the automatic and high-efficiency collection of CO and O₂And the gas product has higher purity, realizes the reduction of greenhouse gases into reusable gases, and also realizes an automatic self-sufficient device.

Compared with the traditional electrochemical reduction carbon dioxide system, the system has the advantages of compact device, high catalyst activity, large current density, high stability, high product selectivity, small occupied area of the device and self-sufficient energy consumption. And the carbon dioxide raw material is also recovered from the tail gas, so that the reaction cost is greatly reduced.

The reduction system collects oxygen and carbon monoxide gas in high purity in a compact device condition, and can be directly used as industrial products, for example, oxygen is used when a rocket is ignited or oxygen is used for oxygen supply of a hydrogen fuel cell, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen are mixed according to a certain proportion to be used for producing water gas and the like.

It is worth noting that: the whole device realizes control to the device through the controller, and the controller is common equipment and belongs to the existing mature technology, and the electrical connection relation and the specific circuit structure of the controller are not repeated herein.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic carbon dioxide reduction equipment that waste gas utilized which characterized in that: comprises thermoelectric generation and CO which are communicated with each other through a pipeline₂Collecting device, CO₂Reduction and electric control device, CO and O₂A collection device;

the thermoelectric power generation and CO₂The collecting device comprises an air pipe (1) and CO₂Collection chamber (2), CO₂The system comprises a gas separation membrane (3), a tail gas chamber (4), an electric three-way valve (5), a tail gas flowing chamber (6), a thermoelectric generation sheet (7), a heat dissipation spine sheet (8) and a cooling water tank (9); the air pipe (1) and CO₂The collection chambers (2) are communicated; the cooling water tank (9) is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas flowing chamber (6), two sides of the thermoelectric generation sheet (7) are tightly connected with the tail gas flowing chamber (6) and the heat dissipation ratchet sheet (8), and the heat dissipation ratchet sheet (8) is inserted into the cooling water tank (9); the tail gas flowing chamber (6) is communicated with the tail gas chamber (4) through a pipeline and an electric three-way valve (5), and CO is introduced into the tail gas flowing chamber₂The gas separation membrane (3) is arranged in the tail gas chamber (4) and CO₂Between the collecting chambers (2) for collecting CO in the tail gas chamber (4)₂Separation of gas into CO₂In the collection chamber (2);

CO₂the reduction and electric control device comprises an evaporating dish (10), an air inlet cover (11), an water inlet pipe (12), an electric control device (13), a circulating water tank (15), a water outlet pipe (16), a liquid level detector (17), an anode chamber (19), a pressure detector (21) and a cathode chamber (23); the electric control device (13) is installed on a circulating water tank (15), deionized water is arranged in the circulating water tank (15), the circulating water tank (15) is communicated with the evaporating dish (10) through a water inlet pipe (12), the deionized water is injected into the evaporating dish (10) through the water inlet pipe (12), and the evaporating dish (10) is used for heating the deionized water and generating a large amount of steam;

the air inlet cover (11) is arranged on the cathode chamber (23), and the evaporating dish (10) is arranged in the air inlet cover (11); the air pipe (1) is far away from CO₂One end of the collecting chamber (2) is communicated with the cathode chamber(23) So that CO is present₂CO in the collection chamber (2)₂Gas enters the cathode chamber (23) through the gas pipe (1); a liquid level detector (17) is arranged on the cathode chamber (23), and the bottom of the cathode chamber (23) is communicated with a circulating water tank (15) through a drain pipe (16) and used for recycling deionized water;

the carrier of the anode chamber (19) is saturated KHCO₃In the water solution, the anode chamber (19) and the cathode chamber (23) are in threaded connection through an external thread end cover (24) and an internal thread end cover (29), and an anode (25), an anion exchange membrane (26), a cathode (27) and carbon fiber paper (28) are arranged between the external thread end cover (24) and the internal thread end cover (29); pressure detectors (21) are arranged on the side edges of the cathode chamber (23) and the anode chamber (19);

CO and O₂The collecting means comprises O₂A collecting bottle (18), a CO collecting bottle (20), a CO collecting chamber (22) and a CO gas separation membrane (30); said O is₂The collecting bottle (18) is communicated with the anode chamber (19), and a CO gas separation membrane (30) is arranged between the cathode chamber (23) and the CO collecting chamber (22) and is used for separating CO gas generated by the cathode chamber (23) into the CO collecting chamber (22).

2. An automated carbon dioxide reduction plant for flue gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail gas chamber (4) and CO₂The collecting chamber (2) is provided with a pressure detector (21), the pressure detector (21) is connected with an electric control device (13), and the electric control device (13) is connected with the control end of the electric three-way valve (5).

3. An automated carbon dioxide reduction plant for flue gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the CO gas separation membrane (30) is a double-layer membrane design.

4. An automated carbon dioxide reduction plant for flue gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the carbon fiber paper (28) is coated with a Ni-NCB catalyst.

5. An automated carbon dioxide reduction plant for flue gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermoelectric generation piece (7) generates electricity by utilizing the temperature difference of the two sides of the thermoelectric generation piece, and transmits the electric energy to a storage battery (14) arranged on the outer side of the circulating water tank (15) for storage.

6. An automated carbon dioxide reduction plant for flue gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the CO gas separation membrane (30) is an acetate fiber membrane.