CN111532413A - Ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water-hydrogen circulation - Google Patents
Ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water-hydrogen circulation Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
- B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
- B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
- B63H2021/171—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor making use of photovoltaic energy conversion, e.g. using solar panels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen circulation, which comprises: a solar seawater hydrogen production system for producing hydrogen supplies power to an electrolytic water reactor through a solar photovoltaic power generation device to produce hydrogen and oxygen; supplying heat to the thermal decomposition water reactor through a solar heat collector to generate hydrogen and oxygen; the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system is used for forming oxygen-enriched air to be introduced into the marine main engine and the auxiliary engine boiler, and the generated waste gas heat is used for heating steam received by the steam generator to form high-temperature high-pressure steam to be introduced into the steam turbine to push the generator to generate power; and the ship power storage and power system is used for storing power, supplying power to the motor and supplying ship sailing power together with the ship main engine. The invention has the advantages of multi-energy complementation, comprehensive utilization of energy, hydrogen production, power generation, multi-mode flexible conversion, high efficiency, stability and sustainability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery of a ship main engine, solar thermal power generation and solar water-hydrogen power circulation hydrogen production, in particular to a ship composite power system which can produce hydrogen by solar thermal and electrocatalysis on seawater and can utilize the waste heat recovery of the main engine to assist solar steam power generation.
Background
The development and utilization of sustainable energy is a major measure to meet the challenges of global warming and climate change by 2050, the global forecast will need to consume more than 4 × 1010kW energy source addresses the economic growth and environmental pressures brought by the expansion of the population. However, due to the characteristics of limited reserves, incapability of sustainable regeneration, great environmental damage and the like of the traditional fossil fuels, the traditional fossil fuels are gradually eliminated by human society in about 2050. Since 2020, the international maritime organization required the world shipping industry to enforce global sulfur emission limits of less than 0.5%, while it was necessary to reduce the carbon emissions of marine vessels by more than half before 2050. This is a major challenge for the current marine industry where most of the polysulfide, multiparticulate emissions of traditional heavy oils are used. Environmental pollution and climate warming bring huge pressure to marine environment, so that the optimization of energy use efficiency in ship power systems and sailing power demands, the reasonable development of high-efficiency clean energy power and related conversion technologies are key problems to be solved urgently at present.
Hydrogen is currently considered one of the most advantageous solutions to replace fossil fuels, being a clean, abundant, recyclable and environmentally friendly energy product. The combustion heat value is about 3 times of that of gasoline, is far higher than that of natural gas, is used for a fuel cell to only generate water, and can completely avoid the emission of sulfur oxides and particulate matters. In addition, hydrogen has many advantages, including its high mass density, high storage capacity, flexibility of use in various applications, particularly as a high energy carrier, and can be produced from a variety of energy sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, ocean, and hydro energy, among others. It is expected that most ships, automobiles and the like will select hydrogen as a main fuel within 30 to 50 years in the future. However, the storage amount of the free hydrogen in the natural state is very small, and how to produce the hydrogen by the enrichment and purification with low carbon and environmental protection is a big problem of popularization of the hydrogen energy. At present, the only industrially mature method for producing hydrogen on a large scale by human beings is chemical reformation of fossil fuel, and although the cost consumed by the actual hydrogen production in the process is gradually reduced, the carbon emission caused by unit hydrogen production is still huge. Internationally 94% of the hydrogen production comes from fossil fuels, 54% of which are natural gas, 31% of which are petroleum and 9% of which are coal. Because of abundant coal reserves in China, the hydrogen ratio of coal production exceeds 50%. Although hydrogen is a zero carbon energy source, the hydrogen production process emits large amounts of carbon dioxide, and thus, the hydrogen is still a high hydrocarbon, commonly referred to as "ash hydrogen". To realize low carbon and even zero carbonization in the whole life cycle of the hydrogen production process and obtain 'green hydrogen' in the true sense, non-fossil fuel is required to be used for directly producing hydrogen. The problems of large pollution emission, high power consumption, poor safety and economy and the like exist in water electrolysis, biological hydrogen production and the like, so that alternative methods for producing hydrogen with economy are urgently needed to be found.
The method for producing hydrogen by solar energy and the ship waste heat utilization process system have some patents. Like the hydrogen production by solar photochemical water decomposition, the utility model CN2012204748677U discloses an apparatus for producing hydrogen by coupling solar-driven photoelectrocatalysis degradation of organic pollutants, which explains that the apparatus utilizes the energy of sunlight, utilizes the organic pollutants in the waste water as an electron donor to carry out hydrogen production by photocatalytic water decomposition, and reduces water to produce hydrogen when organic waste is oxidized and degraded, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency and removing environmental pollutants. However, the amount and the type of the organic pollutants are not fixed, the catalyst is single, and the process lacks stability and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale application and development on ships. For example, the invention discloses a multi-disk solar heat-gathering coupling biomass supercritical water gasification hydrogen production system and method in patent CN102126704B, and provides a method for producing hydrogen-rich gas by supercritical water gasification of biomass through solar high-temperature focusing for purification and aggregation. However, supercritical gasification requires a harsh environment and continuous and efficient solar energy supply, and thus is difficult to scale up. For example, the solar photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production technology discloses a solar seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device in utility model CN203976930U, which adopts seawater as raw material and produces hydrogen through an electrolytic cell, an ion exchange membrane, a cathode gas collection device, an anode gas collection device and an electrolysis electrode. Although the photovoltaic power generation system has the advantages of low cost and pure nature without pollution compared with the traditional power supply by adopting electric power and electric energy, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is only about 10 percent, the power generation is unstable, the occupied space is large, and the efficiency is difficult to improve without being combined with other energy sources. For example, in the invention patent CN106523103A, a "marine diesel engine exhaust waste heat indirect thermoelectric device medium circulation system" is disclosed, which provides a thermoelectric power generation system using the waste heat exhausted by a main engine, and uses an array type hot semiconductor element and water cooling to dissipate heat. However, because the power of a single thermoelectric generation semiconductor is low, the heat loss of the array is large, the generated direct current electric energy needs to be transmitted by a transformer, and the stability is not high. In addition, like the organic rankine cycle technology of waste heat recovery, the utility model CN204960995U discloses a low-temperature waste heat organic rankine cycle power generation system, which adopts direct contact condensation, so that the investment cost is reduced and the investment recovery period is accelerated compared with the traditional organic rankine cycle power generation system. However, the direct contact type condensation is interfered by the external environment of the heat exchange medium, and has great influence on the system circulation and the power generation efficiency.
Summary of the prior art, most of the existing technical inventions are hydrogen production or waste heat recovery power generation concentrated in a high-energy-consumption single-energy system, the system equipment is simple, energy conservation and emission reduction optimization of multi-energy complementation cannot be performed, renewable energy utilization and new energy manufacturing are purely split, subsequent energy complementation and technical connection are not performed, hydrogen production and energy consumption are often large, power generation is unstable, process energy consumption is high, and the huge advantage of renewable energy and new energy complementation cannot be well reflected. The traditional technical mode cannot be well adapted to specific applications, more parameters cannot be considered simultaneously, and the evaluation on the availability of energy, the influence on the environment and the cost is relatively weak.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem that a large amount of energy is consumed due to the fact that the waste heat recovery, hydrogen production and power generation technologies cannot be used in an energy combined mode, the ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled with the solar water-hydrogen circulation is provided. The invention takes solar energy heat and photovoltaic seawater hydrogen production as starting points, uses the recycling of the ship waste heat to couple solar energy hot water steam power generation as a breakthrough, breaks through the single function, the complex process and the extremely high cost of the traditional method of only photo-thermal hydrogen production, water electrolysis hydrogen production after photovoltaic power generation or pure power generation by the ship host waste heat, uses the ship host waste heat recycling to couple solar energy, uses a solar energy absorber to gather heat to catalyze the high-temperature decomposition of seawater to produce hydrogen, uses the electrolyzed water to produce hydrogen after solar photovoltaic semiconductor interface power generation, stores the hydrogen in a hydrogen storage tank, uses the solar energy absorber to produce high-temperature water steam to combine with the host waste heat to carry out steam turbine power generation, uses a hydrogen fuel cell to produce electricity, stores a storage battery, stores the produced oxygen and mixes the oxygen with air in a certain proportion to be introduced into the ship host and a, a set of system for efficiently utilizing energy of ship waste heat recovery coupled with solar energy water hydrogen power cycle power generation and hydrogen production is formed.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen circulation comprises a solar seawater hydrogen production system, a waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system and a ship power storage and power system;
the solar seawater hydrogen production system for producing hydrogen comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation device, an electrolyzed water reactor, a solar heat collector, a thermal decomposition water reactor, a hydrogen storage side condenser, an oxygen storage side condenser, a hydrogen storage tank and an oxygen storage tank; the solar photovoltaic power generation device is used for receiving sunlight irradiation to generate electric power to supply power to the electrolyzed water reactor, hydrogen generated by the electrolyzed water reactor is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank to be stored, and oxygen is introduced into the oxygen storage tank to be stored; the solar heat collector is used for supplying heat of collected sunlight to the thermal decomposition water reactor, high-temperature hydrogen decomposed by the thermal decomposition water reactor is cooled by the hydrogen storage side condenser and then is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank for storage, and high-temperature oxygen is cooled by the oxygen storage side condenser and then is introduced into the oxygen storage tank for storage;
the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system comprises a fan, an auxiliary engine boiler, a marine main engine, a waste heat recovery network, a steam generator, a steam turbine and a generator; oxygen in the oxygen storage tank is mixed with air introduced by the fan to form oxygen-enriched air, the oxygen-enriched air is respectively introduced into the main engine of the ship and the auxiliary engine boiler through pipelines to be combusted with fuel, and heat of waste gas generated by combustion is supplied to the steam generator through the waste heat recovery network; the steam generator is used for receiving the waste gas generated by the thermal decomposition water reactor, further heating steam by the heat provided by the waste heat recovery network, forming high-temperature and high-pressure steam, introducing the high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the steam turbine, and pushing the generator to generate electricity by the work of the steam turbine;
the ship power storage and power system comprises a storage battery, a hydrogen fuel cell and a motor which are sequentially communicated; the storage battery is used for receiving the electric power generated by the generator and the hydrogen fuel cell and the redundant electric power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation device; the hydrogen fuel cell is used for generating electric power by using hydrogen and air provided by the hydrogen storage tank or oxygen provided by the oxygen storage tank; the electric motor is used for receiving the electric power supplied by the storage battery and the hydrogen fuel cell and supplying ship sailing power together with the ship main engine.
Further, the waste heat recovery heat exchange network comprises at least one heat exchanger, waste heat in the thermal decomposition reactor, the ship main engine and the auxiliary engine boiler is respectively recovered by utilizing seawater, and the waste heat is introduced into the steam generator.
Further, the waste heat recovery network comprises a recoverer I, a recoverer II and a recoverer III; after heat exchange is carried out between the waste gas generated by combustion of the auxiliary boiler and the seawater in the recoverer I, heat exchange is continuously carried out between the waste gas generated by combustion of the ship main engine received in the recoverer II, and finally high-temperature steam is formed and is introduced into the steam generator; and the waste gas generated by the thermal decomposition water reactor is subjected to heat recovery by the recoverer III and is transferred to seawater, and the seawater is heated into steam and then is introduced into the steam generator.
Further, the electrolyzed water reactor may be capable of receiving power from the solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus and the storage battery.
Further, the battery is used to power the electric motor, the electrolyzed water reactor, and the steam generator.
Furthermore, the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system further comprises a steam condenser, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is introduced into the steam condenser after the steam turbine applies work and is discharged into seawater after the steam condenser is cooled.
Further, the hydrogen storage side condenser, the oxygen storage side condenser and the steam condenser are seawater condensers which are plate-fin, plate or shell-and-tube heat exchangers.
The device further comprises a seawater filtering device capable of filtering impurities in seawater, and the filtered seawater is pumped into the thermal decomposition water reactor through a water pump; the fan is an axial flow fan or a cross flow fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled solar water-hydrogen circulation provided by the invention abandons the existing pure technology of splitting renewable energy utilization and new energy manufacturing, and the high-energy-consumption single energy system for solar hydrogen production and waste heat recovery power generation does not have subsequent energy complementation and technical connection, so that the huge advantages of renewable energy and new energy complementation can not be well reflected, the power generation is unstable, the process is high in energy consumption, the traditional technical mode can not be well adapted to ship application, more parameters can not be considered at the same time, the availability of energy is relatively weak, the influence on environment and the cost evaluation are relatively weak.
2. The ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled solar water hydrogen circulation provided by the invention combines various solar hydrogen production modes (water electrolysis and thermal decomposition) for complementary coupling, and utilizes the waste heat recovery technology to carry out steam turbine power generation, thereby making up the use of ship motors under the conditions of insufficient solar energy and insufficient hydrogen production capacity, and supplementing the power requirement of water electrolysis for hydrogen production.
3. The ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled solar water-hydrogen circulation is different from a traditional motor and diesel host hybrid system, when solar energy is sufficient, the diesel host can run at low load or 0 load, and the ship power system is completely driven by a series of circulating ship entering power such as solar power generation and hydrogen production. When the solar energy is insufficient, the waste heat recovery system can also be used for feeding back the power system, so that the advantage of complementary and comprehensive utilization of energy is achieved.
4. Compared with the hydrogen production and oxygen waste of the traditional method, one part of the produced oxygen can be supplied to a fuel cell for power generation to carry out peak clipping and valley filling, and the other part of the produced oxygen can be used for oxygen-enriched combustion of a ship main engine and an auxiliary engine boiler to improve the efficiency of fossil fuel, so that the ship power system has the advantage of combined application of multiple technologies.
5. The ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled solar water hydrogen circulation provided by the invention has multiple energy storage means of the hydrogen storage tank, the oxygen storage tank and the storage battery, can optimize the solar hydrogen production and electricity production process through multi-energy complementation and coupling, improves the economy of the traditional ship fuel by utilizing related waste heat recovery and oxygen-enriched combustion technologies, achieves high efficiency, no pollution and economy by optimizing and combining multiple technologies, and meets the requirements of electric power and hybrid power during ship running.
Based on the reason, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of ship multi-power systems, solar energy water hydrogen power and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a ship power system for waste heat recovery coupled solar water hydrogen circulation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the waste heat recovery network.
In the figure: 101. a solar photovoltaic power generation device; 102. an electrolytic water reactor; 103. a solar heat collector; 104. a thermolysis water reactor; 105. a hydrogen storage side condenser; 106. an oxygen storage side condenser; 107. a hydrogen storage tank; 108. an oxygen storage tank; 201. a seawater filtration device; 202. a water pump; 203. a fan; 204. an auxiliary boiler; 205. a marine main engine; 206. a waste heat recovery network; 207. a steam generator; 208. a steam turbine; 209. a steam condenser; 210. a generator; 301. a storage battery; 302. a hydrogen fuel cell; 303. an electric motor.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in the figures 1-2, the invention provides a technology for recovering and coupling the waste heat of the ship with the solar energy, namely the heat, light power generation and hydrogen production, the system has the advantages of multi-energy complementation, has the characteristics of comprehensive energy utilization, multi-mode flexible conversion of hydrogen production and power generation, high efficiency, stability, sustainability and the like, meets the multi-working condition of the ship, and has better development prospect.
Specifically, the invention provides a ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen circulation, which comprises a solar seawater hydrogen production system, a waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system and a ship power storage and power system;
the solar seawater hydrogen production system for producing hydrogen comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation device 101, an electrolyzed water reactor 102, a solar heat collector 103, a thermal decomposition water reactor 104, a hydrogen storage side condenser 105, an oxygen storage side condenser 106, a hydrogen storage tank 107 and an oxygen storage tank 108; the solar photovoltaic power generation device 101 is used for receiving sunlight irradiation to generate electric power to supply power to the electrolyzed water reactor 102, hydrogen generated by the electrolyzed water reactor 102 is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank 107 for storage, and oxygen is introduced into the oxygen storage tank 108 for storage; the solar thermal collector 103 is configured to supply heat of collected sunlight to the thermal decomposition water reactor 104, high-temperature hydrogen decomposed by the thermal decomposition water reactor 104 is cooled by the hydrogen storage side condenser 105 and then is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank 107 for storage, and high-temperature oxygen is cooled by the oxygen storage side condenser 106 and then is introduced into the oxygen storage tank 108 for storage;
the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system comprises a fan 203, an auxiliary boiler 204, a marine main engine 205, a waste heat recovery network 206, a steam generator 207, a steam turbine 208 and a generator 210;
the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank 108 is mixed with the air introduced by the fan 203 to form oxygen-enriched air, the oxygen-enriched air is respectively introduced into the marine main engine 205 and the auxiliary boiler 204 through pipelines to be combusted with fuel, so that higher combustion efficiency can be obtained, and the heat of the exhaust gas generated by combustion is supplied to the steam generator 207 through the waste heat recovery network 206; the fuel is ship heavy oil, diesel oil or natural gas; the proportion of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is determined according to the amount of oxygen in the oxygen storage tank 108 and the consumption of oxygen by the hydrogen fuel cell 302, which depends on whether the ship adopts an electric mode or not and the running condition of a main engine of the ship, and the higher the oxygen content is, the higher the fuel combustion efficiency is;
the steam generator 207 is configured to receive the exhaust gas generated by the pyrolysis water reactor 104, further heat the steam by the heat provided by the waste heat recovery network 206, form high-temperature and high-pressure steam, introduce the high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the steam turbine 208, and work by the steam turbine 208 to drive the generator 210 to generate electricity;
in the present application, the waste heat recovery network 206 performs waste heat recovery through a heat exchange medium or steam to supplement the energy of the steam generator 207 to obtain steam with higher temperature and pressure so as to drive the steam turbine 208 to do work;
the ship power storage and power system comprises a storage battery 301, a hydrogen fuel cell 302 and a motor 303 which are sequentially communicated; the storage battery 301 is used for receiving the electric power generated by the generator 210 and the hydrogen fuel cell 302 and the surplus electric power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation device 101; the hydrogen fuel cell 302 is used for generating electricity by using hydrogen and air provided by the hydrogen storage tank 107 or oxygen provided by the oxygen storage tank 108; the electric motor 303 is configured to receive electric power supplied from the battery 301 and the hydrogen fuel cell 302, and supply ship sailing power together with the ship main engine 205.
Further, the waste heat recovery heat exchange network 206 includes at least 3 heat exchangers, and recovers waste heat in the thermal decomposition reactor 104, the marine main engine 205, and the auxiliary boiler 204 by using seawater, and feeds the waste heat into the steam generator 207.
Further, the waste heat recovery network 206 comprises a recoverer i, a recoverer ii and a recoverer iii; after heat exchange is carried out between the waste gas generated by combustion of the auxiliary boiler 204 and the seawater in the recoverer I, heat exchange is continuously carried out between the waste gas generated by combustion of the ship main engine 205 received in the recoverer II, and finally high-temperature steam is formed and is introduced into the steam generator 207; the waste gas generated by the thermal decomposition water reactor 104 is transferred to seawater by recovering heat through the recoverer III, and the seawater is heated into steam and then is introduced into the steam generator 207.
Further, the electrolyzed water reactor 102 is capable of receiving electric power from the solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus 101 and the storage battery 301; the power of the hydrogen fuel cell 302 may be supplied to the battery 301 or the motor 303, and the power supply may be determined according to hydrogen, oxygen storage amount, solar power intensity, and ship sailing conditions.
Further, the battery 301 can receive electric power from the generator 210, the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 101, and the fuel cell 302, and supply electric power to the motor 303, the electrolyzed water reactor 102, and the steam generator 207, and the amount of electric power received and supplied depends on the intensity of solar energy, the amount of hydrogen and oxygen stored, and the sailing conditions of the ship.
Further, the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system further comprises a steam condenser 209, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is introduced into the steam turbine 208 to do work and then is introduced into the steam condenser 209 to be cooled and then is discharged into seawater.
Further, the hydrogen storage side condenser 105, the oxygen storage side condenser 106 and the steam condenser 209 are seawater condensers, which use seawater around the ship to cool the relevant gas, and are plate-fin, plate-plate or shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and holes may be punched or corrugated or saw-tooth fins may be installed inside the heat exchangers to increase heat exchange.
Further, the device also comprises a seawater filtering device 201 which can filter impurities in seawater, and the filtered seawater is pumped into the thermal decomposition water reactor 104 through a water pump 202; the fan 203 is an axial flow or cross flow fan, and a drying device is arranged in the pipeline to ensure the drying of the oxygen-enriched air.
Further, the ship power system can only adopt the ship main engine 205 to provide power through oxygen-enriched combustion, can also only adopt the motor 303 to provide navigation power, and can also adopt a hybrid power mode, and which mode is specifically adopted depends on the sunlight intensity, the hydrogen storage and oxygen storage amount and the ship navigation condition.
In the present application, the hydrogen storage tank 107 receives hydrogen gas generated from the electrolyzed water reactor 102 and the thermal decomposition water reactor 104, and supplies only hydrogen energy consumption of the hydrogen fuel cell 302; the oxygen tank 108 receives oxygen from the electrolyzed water reactor 102 and the pyrolyzed water reactor 104 and supplies oxygen to the hydrogen fuel cell 302 and to the system for consumption by the oxycombustion process; the hydrogen fuel cell 302 can use hydrogen and air in the hydrogen storage tank 107 or oxygen in the oxygen storage tank 108 as fuel, and the amount of the gas depends on the intensity of solar energy, the storage amount of hydrogen and oxygen, and the sailing condition of the ship.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A ship power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen circulation is characterized by comprising a solar seawater hydrogen production system, a waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system and a ship power storage and power system;
the solar seawater hydrogen production system for producing hydrogen comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation device (101), an electrolyzed water reactor (102), a solar heat collector (103), a thermal decomposition water reactor (104), a hydrogen storage side condenser (105), an oxygen storage side condenser (106), a hydrogen storage tank (107) and an oxygen storage tank (108); the solar photovoltaic power generation device (101) is used for receiving sunlight irradiation to generate electric power to supply power to the electrolyzed water reactor (102), hydrogen generated by the electrolyzed water reactor (102) is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank (107) for storage, and oxygen is introduced into the oxygen storage tank (108) for storage; the solar heat collector (103) is used for supplying heat of collected sunlight to the thermal decomposition water reactor (104), high-temperature hydrogen decomposed by the thermal decomposition water reactor (104) is cooled by the hydrogen storage side condenser (105) and then is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank (107) for storage, and high-temperature oxygen is cooled by the oxygen storage side condenser (106) and then is introduced into the oxygen storage tank (108) for storage;
the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system comprises a fan (203), an auxiliary boiler (204), a marine main engine (205), a waste heat recovery network (206), a steam generator (207), a steam turbine (208) and a generator (210); oxygen in the oxygen storage tank (108) is mixed with air introduced by the fan (203) to form oxygen-enriched air, the oxygen-enriched air is respectively introduced into the marine main engine (205) and the auxiliary boiler (204) through pipelines to be combusted with fuel, and heat of exhaust gas generated by combustion is supplied to the steam generator (207) through the waste heat recovery network (206); the steam generator (207) is used for receiving the exhaust gas generated by the thermolysis water reactor (104), further heating the steam by the heat provided by the waste heat recovery network (206), forming high-temperature and high-pressure steam, introducing the high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the steam turbine (208), and working by the steam turbine (208) to drive the generator (210) to generate electricity;
the ship power storage and power system comprises a storage battery (301), a hydrogen fuel cell (302) and a motor (303) which are sequentially communicated; the storage battery (301) is used for receiving the power generated by the generator (210) and the hydrogen fuel cell (302) and the redundant power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation device (101); the hydrogen fuel cell (302) is used for generating electricity by utilizing hydrogen and air provided by the hydrogen storage tank (107) or oxygen provided by the oxygen storage tank (108); the electric motor (303) is used for receiving the electric power supplied by the storage battery (301) and the hydrogen fuel cell (302) and supplying ship sailing power together with the ship main engine (205).
2. The heat recovery coupled solar hydronic marine power system according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery heat exchange network (206) comprises at least 3 heat exchangers, which are fed to the steam generator (207) by using seawater to recover waste heat in the thermal decomposition reactor (104), the marine main engine (205) and the auxiliary boiler (204), respectively.
3. The waste heat recovery coupled solar hydronic marine power system of claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery network (206) comprises a recuperator i, a recuperator ii, and a recuperator iii; waste gas generated by combustion of the auxiliary boiler (204) exchanges heat with seawater in the recoverer I and then continuously exchanges heat with waste gas generated by combustion of the ship main engine (205) received in the recoverer II, and finally high-temperature steam is formed and introduced into the steam generator (207); and the waste gas generated by the thermal decomposition water reactor (104) is subjected to heat recovery by the recoverer III and is transferred to seawater, and the seawater is heated into steam and then is introduced into the steam generator (207).
4. The marine power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolyzed water reactor (102) is capable of receiving power from the solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus (101) and the storage battery (301).
5. The heat recovery coupled solar hydronic marine power system according to claim 1, wherein the battery (301) is used to power the electric motor (303), the electrolyzed water reactor (102), and the steam generator (207).
6. The ship power system with the waste heat recovery coupled solar water hydrogen cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery steam power generation and oxygen-enriched combustion branch system further comprises a steam condenser (209), and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is introduced into the steam turbine (208) for acting, then introduced into the steam condenser (209) for cooling and then discharged into seawater.
7. The waste heat recovery coupled solar hydronic marine power system according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen storage side condenser (105), the oxygen storage side condenser (106) and the steam condenser (209) are seawater condensers, being plate fin, plate or shell and tube heat exchangers.
8. The marine power system with waste heat recovery coupled with solar water hydrogen cycle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a seawater filtering device (201) capable of filtering impurities in seawater, wherein the filtered seawater is pumped into the thermolysis water reactor (104) by a water pump (202); the fan (203) is an axial flow fan or a cross flow fan.
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| CN111532413B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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