CN115957245A - Method for processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition through cascade treatment - Google Patents
Method for processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition through cascade treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrition processing method of a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis freshness retaining lock, which comprises the steps of cleaning, freshness retaining pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, and belongs to the technical field of cordyceps sinensis freshness retaining, in particular to a nutrition processing method of a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis freshness retaining lock; in order to solve the problem that the prior art still cannot realize the effective, convenient and low-cost fresh-keeping and fresh-keeping effects on the cordyceps sinensis, the invention provides a fresh-keeping and fresh-keeping processing method for the cascade pretreatment of the cordyceps sinensis, which realizes the effects of inhibiting the respiration of the cordyceps sinensis, reducing the activity of polyphenol oxidase, reducing the loss of nutrients of the cordyceps sinensis in the storage process and improving the fresh-keeping and fresh-keeping effects on the cordyceps sinensis by using a natural fresh-keeping composition for pretreatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preservation of cordyceps sinensis, and particularly relates to a method for processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock through cascade treatment.
Background
The cordyceps sinensis is a complex of a stroma and a larva body of the cordyceps sinensis parasitizing on a swift moth insect larva of the ergomycetaceae, is a traditional rare nourishing traditional Chinese medicinal material, has multiple effects of regulating an immune system, resisting tumors, resisting fatigue and the like, is dried mostly in a sun-drying mode at present, and contains a lot of heat-sensitive nutritional ingredients, so that a lot of components of the cordyceps sinensis subjected to sun-drying treatment are volatilized and run off due to sunlight, the nutritional ingredients of the cordyceps sinensis are reduced, and therefore, the important importance is brought to the research of the freshness preservation and freshness locking of fresh cordyceps sinensis.
However, the preservation period of fresh cordyceps sinensis at the temperature of above zero is short, most of cordyceps sinensis is preserved by freezing at the temperature of below zero at present, but the frozen preservation has the problems of high cost, nutrient loss, inconvenience in transportation and easiness in softening after thawing and poor taste, so that the development of the refrigeration technology of cordyceps sinensis is of great significance, chinese patent CN110628633B discloses a preservation method of fresh cordyceps sinensis and a fresh cordyceps sinensis product, the cordyceps sinensis is preserved for 90-105 days at the temperature of above 0 ℃ in a refrigeration mode, but the technology has a good preservation effect only under the condition of no wind, most of existing household storage tools rely on cold wind for circulation refrigeration, the diffusion of gas in a package can be accelerated by the flowing of wind, the respiration of cordyceps sinensis is enhanced, and the storage time of cordyceps sinensis is shortened, so that the preservation and freshness locking effects of cordyceps sinensis in an effective, convenient and low-cost mode cannot be realized by the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
1.1 purpose
Aiming at the situation and overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition through cascade pretreatment, and in order to solve the problem that the prior art still cannot realize the effect of effective, convenient and low-cost freshness-retaining and freshness-retaining of cordyceps sinensis, the invention provides a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition through pretreatment of a plant extract, so that the effects of inhibiting the respiration of cordyceps sinensis, reducing the activity of polyphenol oxidase, reducing the loss of cordyceps sinensis nutrient substances in the storage process and improving the effect of refrigerating and freshness-retaining of cordyceps sinensis are realized.
1.2 detailed description
Specifically, in order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a nutrition processing method of a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock, which comprises cleaning, preservation pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, wherein the cleaning is to use water to clean and remove impurities such as mud and sand attached to the surface of fresh cordyceps sinensis, the preservation pretreatment is to soak cordyceps sinensis in a natural preservation composition, take out and dry the cordyceps sinensis to obtain soaked cordyceps sinensis, the stabilization is to place the cordyceps sinensis in a nitrogen sealed container with the temperature of 0-4 ℃ for 5-8 hours, the modified atmosphere packaging is to place the stabilized cordyceps sinensis into a packaging material, and the packaging material is filled with packaging gas for modified atmosphere packaging; the sterilization is carried out under ultraviolet light for 1-2 hours to obtain sterilized processed product of Cordyceps, and the processed product of Cordyceps is stored at 0-4 deg.C.
Further, the cleaning can adopt low-frequency multiple ultrasonic cleaning, the power of the ultrasonic cleaning is 550-1200W, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 35-60kHz, the number of times of the ultrasonic cleaning is 5-8, and the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 3-5 minutes per time.
Further, the time of the preservation pretreatment is 3-5 hours, and the temperature of the preservation pretreatment is 0-4 ℃.
Preferably, the stirring is continuously carried out in the preservation pretreatment process, the stirring frequency is 5-10 revolutions per minute, the stirring is used for promoting the soaking effect of the natural preservation composition and the cordyceps sinensis, and the same effect can be achieved without stirring.
Further, the natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of white echinacea root extract, 5-10 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1-5 parts of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5-3 parts of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
Preferably, the natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of white echinacea root extract, 8-10 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1-3 parts of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5-2 parts of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
Further, the packaging gas is composed of 5% -15% v/v of oxygen, 2% -5% v/v of carbon dioxide, and nitrogen as balance, and the volume of the packaging gas is not less than 2.5 times of Cordyceps sinensis.
Preferably, the packaging material has a water vapor transmission of 60 to 80 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen permeability of 30-70m 3 /(m 2 *24h*0.1MPa)；
Or the water vapor permeability of the packaging material is 65 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen transmission rate of 40m 3 /(m 2 *24h*0.1MPa)；
Or the water vapor permeability of the packaging material is 80 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen transmission capacity of 70m 3 /(m 2 *24h*0.1MPa)。
In the present invention, the packaging material is preferably a P30S modified atmosphere box, other modified atmosphere boxes may have the same effect, and the modified atmosphere packaging of the present invention may be realized by using a modified atmosphere packaging device, which is not limited in the present invention.
Further, the preparation method of the white echinacea root extract comprises the following steps: weighing 2-4g of dry root of white echinacea, soaking in 80% ethanol, performing ultrasonic extraction, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in a drying oven.
Further, the preparation method of the chenopodium chenopodii extract comprises the following steps: weighing 8-10g of dry chenopodium chenopodii leaves, soaking in 80% ethanol, extracting by ultrasonic method, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in a drying oven.
Preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic extraction is 40kHz, the ultrasonic extraction time is 1.5-2 hours, and the temperature of ultrasonic extraction is 55 ℃.
1.3 advantageous effects obtained by the present invention
In order to solve the problem that the prior art can not realize the effective, convenient and low-cost fresh-keeping and fresh-keeping effect on the cordyceps sinensis, the invention provides a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis by using the fresh-keeping and fresh-keeping nutrition lock through cascade pretreatment;
the natural fresh-keeping composition prepared by screening natural substances can obviously improve the fresh-keeping effect of the cordyceps sinensis after treatment;
polyphenol oxidase is a main enzyme for promoting browning of edible fungi, can cause browning and even spoilage of products, seriously damages the nutritive value, flavor and appearance texture of the edible fungi, and the lower the activity of the polyphenol oxidase is, the better the storage resistance is, the invention provides a mode of pretreating plant extracts, thereby realizing the effect of inhibiting the respiration of cordyceps sinensis, reducing the activity of the polyphenol oxidase, reducing the loss of nutrient substances of cordyceps sinensis in the storage process, and improving the refrigeration, preservation and fresh-keeping effects on cordyceps sinensis;
in addition, the soluble protein participates in the regulation and control of various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes of the edible fungi, is one of important indexes of the quality and nutrition of the edible fungi, the reduction of the content of the soluble protein is considered as an important characteristic of the aging of a collected sample, and the reduction of the soluble protein can be inhibited after the soluble protein is treated by the natural fresh-keeping composition along with the prolonging of the storage time;
the cavitation action, acceleration action and direct current action of ultrasonic waves in liquid are utilized to directly and indirectly act on the liquid and dirt, so that the dirt layer is dispersed, emulsified and stripped, the purpose of quickly and efficiently cleaning the risk pollutants on the surface of the fresh cordyceps sinensis is achieved, and the surface of a sample is prevented from being damaged in the cleaning process by a traditional cleaning method;
the natural fresh-keeping composition used by the invention is easy to prepare, is derived from plants, has wide application prospect, and the fresh-keeping lock nutrition processing method for the cascade pretreatment of the cordyceps sinensis simplifies the storage environment and obviously prolongs the storage and fresh-keeping time of the cordyceps sinensis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the weight loss rate analysis result after preservation and freshness preservation by using the nutritional processing method for cordyceps sinensis preservation lock provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the analysis result of the decrease rate of soluble protein content after preservation and freshness by the nutrition processing method for Cordyceps sinensis lock provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the analysis result of the increase rate of the activity of polyphenol oxidase after storage and preservation by the nutrient processing method of the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock provided by the invention.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are exemplary only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the test materials and test strains used in the following examples were all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The invention provides a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition processing method which comprises the steps of cleaning, preservation pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, wherein the cleaning is to use water to clean and remove impurities such as mud and sand attached to the surface of fresh cordyceps sinensis, the preservation pretreatment is to soak cordyceps sinensis in a natural preservation composition, take out and dry the cordyceps sinensis to obtain soaked cordyceps sinensis, the stabilization is to place the cordyceps sinensis in a nitrogen sealed container with the temperature of 0-4 ℃ for 5-8 hours, the modified atmosphere packaging is to place the stabilized cordyceps sinensis into a packaging material, and packaging gas is filled for modified atmosphere packaging; the sterilization is carried out under ultraviolet light for 1.5 hours to obtain sterilized processed product of Cordyceps, and the processed product of Cordyceps is stored at 0-4 deg.C.
The cleaning is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning for multiple times at low frequency, the power of the ultrasonic cleaning is 600W, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 45kHz, the number of times of the ultrasonic cleaning is 5, and the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 3 minutes per time.
The time of the preservation pretreatment is 4 hours, the temperature of the preservation pretreatment is 0-4 ℃, preferably, the preservation pretreatment process is continuously stirred, the stirring frequency is 5-10 r/min, and the stirring is used for promoting the soaking effect of the natural preservation composition and the cordyceps sinensis.
The natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of white echinacea root extract, 8 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1 part of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5 part of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
The packaging gas comprises 10% v/v of oxygen, 5% v/v of carbon dioxide, and the balance nitrogen, and has a volume not less than 2.5 times of that of Cordyceps sinensis, and the packaging material has a water vapor permeability of 65 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen transmission capacity of 40m 3 /(m 2 *24h*0.1MPa)。
The packaging material is P30S modified atmosphere box, and the P30S modified atmosphere box is purchased from Shanghai optimized packaging technology Co.
The preparation method of the white echinacea root extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry root of white Echinacea purpurea 4g, soaking in 80% ethanol, ultrasonic extracting, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C.
The preparation method of the chenopodium anserine leaf extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry folium Bambusae 10g, soaking in 80% ethanol, extracting by ultrasonic method, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C.
The frequency of ultrasonic extraction is 40kHz, the ultrasonic extraction time is 2 hours, and the temperature of ultrasonic extraction is 55 ℃.
Example 2
The invention provides a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition processing method which comprises the steps of cleaning, preservation pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, wherein the cleaning is to use water to clean and remove impurities such as mud and sand attached to the surface of fresh cordyceps sinensis, the preservation pretreatment is to soak cordyceps sinensis in a natural preservation composition, take out and dry the cordyceps sinensis to obtain soaked cordyceps sinensis, the stabilization is to place the cordyceps sinensis in a nitrogen sealed container with the temperature of 0-4 ℃ for 5-8 hours, the modified atmosphere packaging is to place the stabilized cordyceps sinensis into a packaging material, and packaging gas is filled for modified atmosphere packaging; the sterilization is carried out under ultraviolet light for 1.5 hours to obtain sterilized Cordyceps processed product, and the Cordyceps processed product is stored at 0-4 deg.C.
The cleaning is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning for multiple times at low frequency, the power of the ultrasonic cleaning is 600W, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 45kHz, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 5 times, and the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 3 minutes per time.
The time of the preservation pretreatment is 4 hours, the temperature of the preservation pretreatment is 0-4 ℃, preferably, the preservation pretreatment process is continuously stirred, the stirring frequency is 5-10 r/min, and the stirring is used for promoting the soaking effect of the natural preservation composition and the cordyceps sinensis.
The natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of white echinacea root extract, 8 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1 part of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5 part of vanillic acid and the balance of water,
the packaging gas comprises 10% v/v of oxygen, 5% v/v of carbon dioxide, and the balance nitrogen, and has a volume not less than 2.5 times of that of Cordyceps sinensis, and the packaging material has a water vapor permeability of 80 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen transmission capacity of 70m 3 /(m 2 *24h 0.1mpa), the packaging materialThe material is selected from a P30S air conditioning box.
The preparation method of the white echinacea root extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry root of white Echinacea purpurea 4g, soaking in 80% ethanol, ultrasonic extracting, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C.
The preparation method of the chenopodium anserine leaf extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry folium Phyllostachys Pubescens 10g, soaking in 80% ethanol, extracting by ultrasonic method, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in drying oven.
The frequency of ultrasonic extraction is 40kHz, the ultrasonic extraction time is 2 hours, and the temperature of ultrasonic extraction is 55 ℃.
Example 3
The invention provides a cascade processing cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition processing method which comprises the steps of cleaning, preservation pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, wherein the cleaning is to use water to clean and remove impurities such as mud and sand attached to the surface of fresh cordyceps sinensis, the preservation pretreatment is to soak cordyceps sinensis in a natural preservation composition, take out and dry the cordyceps sinensis to obtain soaked cordyceps sinensis, the stabilization is to place the cordyceps sinensis in a nitrogen sealed container with the temperature of 0-4 ℃ for 5-8 hours, the modified atmosphere packaging is to place the stabilized cordyceps sinensis into a packaging material, and packaging gas is filled for modified atmosphere packaging; the sterilization is carried out under ultraviolet light for 1.5 hours to obtain sterilized processed product of Cordyceps, and the processed product of Cordyceps is stored at 0-4 deg.C.
The cleaning is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning for multiple times at low frequency, the power of the ultrasonic cleaning is 600W, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 45kHz, the number of times of the ultrasonic cleaning is 5, and the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 3 minutes per time.
The time of the preservation pretreatment is 4 hours, and the temperature of the preservation pretreatment is 0-4 ℃.
And continuously stirring in the preservation pretreatment process, wherein the stirring frequency is 5-10 revolutions per minute, and the stirring is used for promoting the soaking effect of the natural preservation composition and the cordyceps sinensis.
The natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of white echinacea root extract, 10 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 3 parts of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 2 parts of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
The packaging gas comprises 10% v/v of oxygen, 5% v/v of carbon dioxide, and the balance nitrogen, and has a volume not less than 2.5 times of that of Cordyceps sinensis, and the packaging material has a water vapor permeability of 65 g/(m) 2 * 24h) Oxygen transmission rate of 40m 3 /(m 2 *24h 0.1MPa), and the packaging material is a P30S modified atmosphere box.
The preparation method of the white echinacea root extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry white echinacea root 4g, soaking in 80% ethanol, performing ultrasonic extraction, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in a drying oven.
The preparation method of the chenopodium anserine leaf extract comprises the following steps: weighing dry folium Bambusae 10g, soaking in 80% ethanol, extracting by ultrasonic method, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C.
The frequency of ultrasonic extraction is 40kHz, and the ultrasonic extraction time is 2 hours.
The temperature of the ultrasonic extraction was 55 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition in the cascade treatment and the embodiment 1 is only that sterile water is used for replacing a natural freshness-retaining composition, and the rest components and the component contents are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition in a cascading manner, and is different from the method in the example 1 only in that the natural freshness-retaining composition does not contain the white echinacea root extract, and the rest components and the component contents are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition in a cascading manner, and is different from the method in the example 1 only in that the natural freshness-retaining composition does not contain a chenopodium chenopodii leaf extract, and the rest components and the component contents are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is a method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition by cascade treatment, and is different from the method in the example 1 only in that the natural freshness-retaining composition does not contain the sub-numbing phenol, and the other components and the component contents are the same as those in the example 1.
Freshness Performance test analysis
Experimental example 1
Basic index scoring in cordyceps sinensis preservation process
Selecting 0.5-1.0 g grade Cordyceps, preserving and packaging Cordyceps according to the method of examples 1, 2 and 3, storing in an environment with temperature of 0-4 deg.C and humidity of 60-70%, and taking out 10 Cordyceps every half month to evaluate its color, hardness and water discharge condition.
As shown in Table 1, the color, hardness and retention of effluent were better in the working treatments of examples 1 to 3, while the effects of comparative examples 1 to 4 were not good.
Specifically, the fresh-keeping treatment methods of examples 1 to 3 still have yellow color and slightly soft hardness in 75 days, and only a small amount of water is discharged;
while comparative examples 1-4 all had varying degrees of dark yellow and dark yellow, hardness softening, and severe water run-out.
TABLE 1 color evaluation in preservation of Cordyceps sinensis
| Group of | |
Day 30 | Day 45 | Day 60 | Day 75 | Day 90 |
| Example 1 | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Yellow colour | Dark yellow |
| Example 2 | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Dark yellow |
| Example 3 | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Yellow colour | Dark yellow |
| Comparative example 1 | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Yellow colour | Dark yellow | Black and yellow | Black and yellow |
| Comparative example 2 | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Dark yellow | Black and yellow | Black and yellow |
| Comparative example 3 | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Dark yellow | Dark yellow | Black and yellow | Black yellow |
| Comparative example 4 | Golden Yellow | Golden Yellow | Yellow colour | Dark yellow | Black and yellow | Black and yellow |
TABLE 2 hardness evaluation in preservation of Cordyceps sinensis
| Group of | |
Day 30 | Day 45 | Day 60 | Day 75 | Day 90 |
| Example 1 | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft | Is softer |
| Example 2 | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft |
| Example 3 | Hard and hard fruit | Hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is softer |
| Comparative example 1 | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft | Is softer | Is very soft | Is very soft |
| Comparative example 2 | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft | Is very soft | Is very soft |
| Comparative example 3 | Hard and hard fruit | Is slightly soft | Is slightly soft | Is very soft | Is very soft | Is very soft |
| Comparative example 4 | Hard and hard fruit | Is softer | Is very soft | Is very soft | Is very soft | Is very soft |
TABLE 3 evaluation of effluent during preservation and storage of Cordyceps sinensis
| Group of | |
Day 30 | Day 45 | Day 60 | Day 75 | Day 90 |
| Example 1 | No obvious water is produced | No obvious water discharge is observed | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water |
| Example 2 | No obvious water discharge is observed | No obvious water is produced | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water |
| Example 3 | No obvious water is produced | No obvious water discharge is observed | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water |
| Comparative example 1 | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water | Properly yielding water | More water is discharged | More water is discharged | More water is discharged |
| Comparative example 2 | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water | More water is discharged | More water is discharged | More water is discharged |
| Comparative example 3 | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water | More water is discharged | More water is discharged |
| Comparative example 4 | Slightly yielding water | Slightly yielding water | Properly yielding water | Properly yielding water | More water is discharged | More water is discharged |
Experimental example 2
Internal index scoring in cordyceps sinensis preservation process
Referring to the method of experimental example 1, weight loss rate, soluble protein content reduction rate, polyphenol oxidase activity increase rate of each group of cordyceps sinensis before preservation treatment, and further analysis of the influence degree of internal enzyme activity of cordyceps sinensis and the like were performed after 0 day, 45 days and 70 days of storage, and the results are shown in fig. 1 to 3.
Wherein, the weight loss rate of the sample is measured by a weighing method, the weight of the fruit before and after storage is weighed, and the weight loss rate is calculated according to the following formula:
weight loss rate = (fruit weight before storage-fruit weight during storage)/fruit weight before storage × 100%;
the soluble protein content is measured by taking 1.0mL of sample supernatant, placing into a test tube, adding 5.0mL of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 solution, mixing thoroughly, standing for 5min, performing color comparison at 595nm, and measuring absorbance according to the same method as that used for preparing a standard curve. Repeating the steps for 3 times, wherein the content of the soluble protein is the percentage of the ratio of the mass/mug of the protein found from the standard curve to the total volume/mL of the sample extracting solution to 1000 times of the product of the volume/mL of the sample extracting solution and the mass/g of the sample when in determination.
The rate of decrease in soluble protein content was the percentage of the difference between the soluble protein content at day 45 and 75 and day 0 as compared to the soluble protein content at day 0.
The increase rate of polyphenol oxidase activity is determined according to the method of' Jiankang, et al, physiological and biochemical experiment guidance after fruit and vegetable harvest [ M ]. Beijing: china light industry Press, 2007.
As shown in figure 1, the weight loss rate can be reduced by adopting a cascade processing method for cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition, and the weight loss rate of comparative examples 1-4 is reduced by a larger extent.
In addition, the soluble protein participates in the regulation of various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes of the edible fungi, is one of important indexes of the quality and nutrition of the edible fungi, the reduction of the content of the soluble protein is considered as an important characteristic of the aging of a collected sample, as shown in figure 2, the reduction of the soluble protein can be inhibited after the natural fresh-keeping composition is treated in examples 1 to 3, so that the higher fresh-keeping storage quality is kept, and the reduction rate of the content of the soluble protein in comparative example 1 is obviously higher, which shows that the treatment of the natural fresh-keeping composition has an important role.
As shown in FIG. 3, examples 1 to 3 can reduce the increase of polyphenol oxidase activity, reduce the loss of nutrient substances of Cordyceps during storage, and improve the effect of refrigerating, refreshing and locking freshness of Cordyceps, while comparative examples 1 to 4 have poorer effects.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cascade processing method for cordyceps sinensis preservation lock nutrition is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cleaning, fresh-keeping pretreatment, stabilization, modified atmosphere packaging and sterilization, wherein the cleaning is to use water to clean and remove impurities attached to the surface of fresh cordyceps sinensis, the fresh-keeping pretreatment is to soak the cordyceps sinensis in a natural fresh-keeping composition, the soaked cordyceps sinensis is obtained after being taken out and dried, the stabilization is to place the soaked cordyceps sinensis in a nitrogen closed container with the temperature of 0-4 ℃ for 5-8 hours, and the modified atmosphere packaging is to place the stabilized cordyceps sinensis in a packaging material and fill packaging gas for modified atmosphere packaging; the sterilization is carried out under ultraviolet light for 1-2 hours to obtain sterilized processed product of Cordyceps, and the processed product of Cordyceps is stored at 0-4 deg.C.
2. The method for processing the cordyceps sinensis freshness-retaining lock nutrition according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cleaning adopts low-frequency multiple ultrasonic cleaning, the power of the ultrasonic cleaning is 550-1200W, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 35-60kHz, the frequency of the ultrasonic cleaning is 5-8 times, and the time of the ultrasonic cleaning is 3-5 minutes per time.
3. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate by cascade processing according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the time of the preservation pretreatment is 3-5 hours, the temperature of the preservation pretreatment is 0-4 ℃, the stirring is continuously carried out in the preservation pretreatment process, and the stirring frequency is 5-10 r/min.
4. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate by cascade processing according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of white echinacea root extract, 5-10 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1-5 parts of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5-3 parts of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
5. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate by cascade processing according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the natural fresh-keeping composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of white echinacea root extract, 8-10 parts of goose mao bamboo leaf extract, 1-3 parts of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, 0.5-2 parts of vanillic acid and the balance of water.
6. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the packaging gas comprises 5-15% v/v oxygen, 2-5% v/v carbon dioxide, and nitrogen in balance, and has a volume not less than 2.5 times of Cordyceps sinensis.
7. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock with preserved nutrients according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the packaging material has a water vapor transmission of 60-80 g/(m) 2 * 24h) The oxygen transmission capacity is 30-70m 3/(m) 2 *24h 0.1mpa); or
The water vapor permeability of the packaging material is 65 g/(m) 2 * 24h) The oxygen transmission capacity was 40m 3/(m) 2 *24h 0.1mpa); or the water vapor permeability of the packaging material is 80 g/(m) 2 * 24h) The oxygen transmission rate was 70m 3/(m) 2 *24h*0.1MPa)。
8. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the packaging material is a P30S modified atmosphere box.
9. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the white echinacea root extract comprises the following steps: weighing 2-4g of dry root of white echinacea, soaking in 80% ethanol, performing ultrasonic extraction, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in a drying oven; the preparation method of the chenopodium chenotii extract comprises the following steps: weighing 8-10g of dry chenopodium chenopodii leaves, soaking in 80% ethanol, extracting by ultrasonic method, repeating for 3 times, mixing filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure, and oven drying at 45 deg.C in a drying oven.
10. The method for processing Cordyceps sinensis Lock concentrate by cascade processing according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the frequency of the ultrasonic extraction is 40kHz, the ultrasonic extraction time is 1.5-2 hours, and the temperature of the ultrasonic extraction is 55 ℃.
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| CN106727734A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Fresh cordyceps sinensis product and preparation method thereof |
| CN106923139A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-07 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | A kind of intelligent fresh-keeping system of fresh Cordyceps sinensis |
| CN109717346A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | A kind of method of the fresh-keeping cordyceps sinensis of irradiation method |
| CN110122730A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | The fresh jelly liquid of one kind, its preservation method and its application |
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| CN106727734A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Fresh cordyceps sinensis product and preparation method thereof |
| CN106923139A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-07-07 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | A kind of intelligent fresh-keeping system of fresh Cordyceps sinensis |
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