CN115956454A - 一种夜间led补光对提升苹果品质上的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，补光期从幼果期开始到采收期结束，每天夜间23:00至第二天凌晨4:00期间进行补光，补光灯采用LED光质组合灯带；通过研究不同LED光质组合对苹果树叶片营养和果实品质的影响，为半设施化苹果生产中改善果实品质，选择非化学性、可重复利用、环保的LED光源提供理论依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及苹果种植领域，特别涉及一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用。
背景技术
苹果是世界主要消费果品之一，云南冷凉高地水果主产区具有高品质水果生产的生态条件和自然环境，已成为我国优质苹果的特色优势产区，2021年全省苹果种植面积114.86万亩，成为了山区半山区致富的重要产业之一。人们对苹果的消费逐渐提升为对果实口感、品质、营养成分的需求，果树营养是果树高产、优质、稳产的物质基础，由于果树是多年生木本植物，一般在幼果速长期、春梢停长期、花芽分化期、果实膨大期、果实采收期采集叶片，分析氮、磷、钾、钙及叶片内元素如叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、总黄酮、原花青素等的含量，以判断树体营养，为果实品质预判和指导次年施肥提供依据。苹果果实中的可溶性糖、有机酸酸、酚类物质、维生素、膳食纤维、蛋白质、氨基酸等是内在品质指标，也是决定果实风味和商品价值的主要因素。
光是植物生长中最重要的环境因子之一，光质对植物的形态建成、生理代谢、生长发育及产品品质有着广泛的调节作用。目前大部分研究集中在光形态建成及生长发育上，也有对不同颜色薄膜改善果实品质的研究，但应用不同光质组合对果树果实品质的影响研究相对较少。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，填补目前相关领域的空白，同时也进一步提升苹果的品质。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供以下的技术方案：1.一种夜间LED 补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，补光期从幼果期开始到采收期结束，每天夜间23:00至第二天凌晨4:00期间进行补光，补光灯采用LED光质组合防水灯带。
优选的，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色。
优选的，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加两个蓝色。
优选的，所述LED光质组合灯带为两个红色加一个蓝色。
优选的，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色加一个绿色。
采用以上技术方案的有益效果是：本发明通过研究不同LED光质组合夜间补光5小时，对苹果树叶片营养和果实品质的影响，为半设施化苹果生产中改善果实品质，选择非化学性、可重复利用、环保的 LED光源提供理论依据。
附图说明
图1为不同LED光质组合灯带处理后果实内含物含量柱状图；
图2为不同LED光质组合灯带处理后果实糖-酸含量柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的优选实施方式。
补光期从幼果期开始到采收期结束，设置每天夜间23:00至第二天凌晨4:00期间，每天5小时补光，补光灯采用LED光质组合灯带。
分为5个组别，对照为不补光，正常夜间状态；LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色(1R1B)；LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加两个蓝色(1R2B)；LED光质组合灯带为两个红色加一个蓝色(2R1B)；LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色加一个绿色(1R1B1G)。
不同LED光质组合灯带如表1所示，灯带为1.5m长硅胶防水灯带，在果园中根据实际情况，接电源，并安装定时器，控制灯带开关。
表1 LED光质处理组合
采集各处理组果实，检测果实淀粉、总蛋白、Vc、纤维素、氨基酸、总酚、总类黄酮、单宁、根皮苷、可溶性果胶、蔗糖、山梨醇、果糖、葡萄糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸含量，单位mg/g。
由表2可知，LED光质处理组可溶性固形物均有提高，其中Ⅱ-1R1B 处理组达19.6％；LED光质处理组果实硬度均有下降，其中Ⅴ-1R1B1G 处理组为73.68M。
表2不同处理组果实表观品质测定登记
由表3、图1可知，LED光质组合处理组对果实总蛋白、总酚、总类黄酮、根皮苷、可溶性果胶等含量的影响，与对照相比均有显著或极显著差异。其中，Ⅱ-1R1B处理组总蛋白7.26mg/g、总酚3.39mg/g、总黄酮2.46mg/g、单宁1.86mg/g、根皮苷7.64mg/g、可溶性果胶4.27mg/g，在所有处理组中效果最佳。
表3不同处理组果实内含物的含量(mg/g)
注：Mean±SD，P<0.05*，P<0.01**
由表4、图2可知，LED光质组合处理组对果实糖酸含量的影响，与对照相比均有显著或极显著差异，其中Ⅱ-1R1B对糖含量的提升、酸含量的降低，与对照相比具有显著的影响。
表4不同处理组果实糖-酸含量(mg/g)
注：Mean±SD，P<0.05*，P<0.01**
由表5、图1可知，LED光质组合处理组对果实食味品质综合影响，与对照相比，均存在一定差异，其中综合评价Ⅱ-1R1B处理组果实口感最佳。
表5不同处理组食味品质检测
注：Mean±SD，P<0.05*，P<0.01**
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，其特征在于，补光期从幼果期开始到采收期结束，每天夜间23:00至第二天凌晨4:00期间进行补光，补光灯采用LED光质组合灯带。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，其特征在于，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，其特征在于，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加两个蓝色。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，其特征在于，所述LED光质组合灯带为两个红色加一个蓝色。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种夜间LED补光对提升苹果品质上的应用，其特征在于，所述LED光质组合灯带为一个红色加一个蓝色加一个绿色。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4506474A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1985-03-26 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Use of night-break lighting to increase fruit set in economically important fruit crops |
| CA1243237A (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1988-10-18 | Prakash G. Kadkade | Application of specific lighting treatments for promotion of anthocyanin in economically important crops |
| JP2009077652A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 果実の成熟を促進する方法 |
| CN102172190A (zh) * | 2011-02-12 | 2011-09-07 | 唐兆青 | 让苹果盆景当年结果到春节上市的培育方法 |
| CN110603998A (zh) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-24 | 四川蜀秀灯具有限公司 | 促进柑橘、苹果、葡萄、猕猴桃反季提前上市的培育方法 |
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- 2022-06-29 CN CN202210758789.1A patent/CN115956454A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4506474A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1985-03-26 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Use of night-break lighting to increase fruit set in economically important fruit crops |
| CA1243237A (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1988-10-18 | Prakash G. Kadkade | Application of specific lighting treatments for promotion of anthocyanin in economically important crops |
| JP2009077652A (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-16 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | 果実の成熟を促進する方法 |
| CN102172190A (zh) * | 2011-02-12 | 2011-09-07 | 唐兆青 | 让苹果盆景当年结果到春节上市的培育方法 |
| CN110603998A (zh) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-24 | 四川蜀秀灯具有限公司 | 促进柑橘、苹果、葡萄、猕猴桃反季提前上市的培育方法 |
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