CN115954835A - Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection - Google Patents
Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN115954835A CN115954835A CN202211693698.0A CN202211693698A CN115954835A CN 115954835 A CN115954835 A CN 115954835A CN 202211693698 A CN202211693698 A CN 202211693698A CN 115954835 A CN115954835 A CN 115954835A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection, which comprises: the voltage regulator tube is used for providing reference voltage for the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit; a first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit for outputting a first level when the ambient temperature is gradually lower than a minimum value of the first temperature range and outputting a second level when the ambient temperature is gradually higher than a maximum value of the first temperature range, according to the reference voltage; a second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit for outputting a second level when the ambient temperature is gradually higher than a maximum value of the second temperature range and outputting a first level when the ambient temperature is gradually lower than a minimum value of the second temperature range, according to the reference voltage; the logic switch circuit controls the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the output levels of the two hysteresis voltage comparison circuits. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the temperature detection is not required to be carried out by using a singlechip/CPU, and the stability of the charging and discharging process is ensured when the temperature changes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection.
Background
Lithium ion batteries are widely used in various aspects of production and life, including electric vehicles, mobile phones, mobile power supplies, electric screwdrivers and other equipment. In all environmental factors, the temperature greatly affects the charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery, the electrochemical reaction on the electrode/electrolyte interface is related to the ambient temperature, and the temperature rise, namely the output power of the lithium ion battery, can rise. The temperature also influences the transmission speed of the electrolyte, the temperature rise is accelerated, the transmission temperature is reduced, the transmission is slowed down, and the charge and discharge performance of the battery is also influenced. But too high a temperature exceeding 45 ℃ may disrupt the chemical equilibrium within the cell, leading to side reactions; if the lithium ion battery is operated and charged and discharged in a low temperature environment for a long time, metallic lithium is separated out from the surface of the battery anode, which is an irreversible process and can cause permanent damage to the capacity of the lithium ion battery.
When designing a battery protection board, how to reliably identify whether the temperature of a battery is within a set range is a problem to be solved, because once the battery is charged or discharged outside a safe temperature range, the battery life is reduced if the battery is light, and safety accidents such as fire or explosion are caused if the battery is heavy. For the temperature identification method, the protection scheme adopting the temperature switch has the defects of incapability of flexible setting due to large volume and high cost; the scheme of adopting a single chip microcomputer or a CPU and a temperature sensor has the defects of high cost and high power consumption. The solutions described in other patents, the hysteresis voltage comparison function, are very easy to cause frequent charging and discharging when the temperature is continuously jumping in a specific temperature range, which affects the battery life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing temperature identification protection circuit is high in cost and unstable in charging and discharging processes when the temperature changes.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection, including: the voltage regulator tube, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit, the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the logic switch circuit;
the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with a power supply of a system through a current limiting resistor, and is also connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit; the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the first input end of the logic switch circuit; the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the voltage regulator tube is used for providing reference voltage for the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a first level when the ambient temperature is gradually reduced and is smaller than the minimum value of a first temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a second level when the ambient temperature is gradually increased and is larger than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a second level when the ambient temperature gradually rises and is greater than the maximum value of a second temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a first level when the ambient temperature gradually falls and is less than the minimum value of the second temperature range; the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the logic switch circuit is used for receiving a second level at the first input end and enabling a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery to be conducted when the second input end receives the first level; and the power supply circuit is used for disconnecting the charging and discharging of the battery when the first input end receives a first level or the second input end receives a second level.
The voltage regulator tube provides stable reference voltage for the two hysteresis comparison circuits, so that the levels output by the two hysteresis comparison circuits are only influenced by the ambient temperature, and the situation that the logic switch circuit is frequently switched on and off a power supply path for charging and discharging a battery due to the influence of the fluctuation of input voltage is avoided; the hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is realized without using a singlechip or a CPU, so that the production cost is reduced; in addition, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit does not change the output level at the same temperature node when the ambient temperature rises and falls, and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit does not change the output level at the same temperature node when the ambient temperature rises and falls, so that frequent change of the battery charging and discharging process caused by frequent change of the temperature at a critical point is avoided, and the stability of the battery charging and discharging process under the condition of temperature change is improved.
Further, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting the first level or the second level when the ambient temperature changes within the first temperature range.
Further, the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting the first level or the second level when the ambient temperature changes within the second temperature range.
When the environmental temperature changes within the respective temperature range, the two hysteresis voltage comparison circuits keep outputting a certain level, but do not change back and forth between the two output levels, thereby improving the charging and discharging stability of the battery in the temperature change process by matching with the logic switch circuit.
Further, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first thermistor and a first voltage comparator; the resistance value of the first resistor, the resistance value of the second resistor and the resistance value of the fourth resistor are the same as the resistance value of the first thermistor at a first preset temperature; the first preset temperature is the median of the first temperature range;
the in-phase end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor;
the inverting end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the first thermistor and the first end of the fourth resistor;
the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the second end of the third resistor and the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the second end of the first resistor is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the second resistor is connected with a circuit ground;
the second end of the first thermistor is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the circuit ground.
According to the invention, voltage comparison is carried out on the first voltage comparator and the divider resistor including the first thermistor, when the ambient temperature is gradually higher than a first preset temperature or gradually lower than the first preset temperature, the conversion of the output level is realized, and the cost is lower due to the fact that a single chip microcomputer or a CPU is used; the third resistor forms a feedback resistor, so that the first voltage comparator is combined with the voltage dividing resistor to form a hysteresis voltage comparator, the output level cannot be changed due to the change of the environmental temperature in a first temperature range, and the stability of the battery in the charging and discharging process during the temperature change is improved by combining a logic switch circuit.
Further, the first thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
Further, the first voltage comparator is a high-voltage single-path differential comparator, including: AS331 comparator.
Further, the second hysteresis voltage comparing circuit includes: a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a second thermistor and a second voltage comparator; the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor and the resistance value of the eighth resistor are the same as the resistance value of the second thermistor at a second preset temperature; the second preset temperature is the median of the second temperature range;
the non-inverting end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, the first end of the sixth resistor and the first end of the seventh resistor;
the inverting end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the second thermistor and the first end of the eighth resistor;
the output end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the second end of the seventh resistor and the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the fifth resistor is connected with an input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the sixth resistor is connected with circuit ground;
the second end of the second thermistor is connected with the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to circuit ground.
According to the invention, voltage comparison is carried out through the second voltage comparator and the divider resistor including the second thermistor, when the ambient temperature is gradually higher than a second preset temperature or gradually lower than the second preset temperature, the conversion of the output level is realized, and the cost is lower due to the fact that a singlechip or a CPU is required; the seventh resistor forms a feedback resistor, so that the second voltage comparator is combined with the voltage dividing resistor to form a hysteresis voltage comparator, the output level cannot be changed due to the change of the environmental temperature in a second temperature range, and the stability of the battery in the charging and discharging process during the temperature change is improved by combining a logic switch circuit.
Further, the second thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
Further, the second voltage comparator is a high-voltage single-path differential comparator, including: AS331 comparator.
Further, the logic switch circuit comprises a NOT gate, an AND gate and a switch tube;
wherein an input end of the NOT gate is connected with a first input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the first input end of the AND gate;
the second input end of the AND gate is connected with the second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the AND gate is connected with the control end of the switch tube;
and the first end of the switch tube and the second end of the switch tube are connected to a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the battery protection circuit based on temperature detection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The effect of temperature on discharge performance is directly reflected on the discharge capacity and discharge voltage. The temperature is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is increased, the electrochemical reaction speed is slowed down, the polarization internal resistance is increased rapidly, the discharge capacity and the discharge platform of the battery are reduced, and the output of the power and the energy of the battery is influenced. The capacity decline of the lithium ion battery has the influence of battery polarization, namely the diffusion speed of lithium ions cannot keep up with the transfer speed of electrons, so that the lithium ions contained in the positive electrode of the battery are less and less. This polarization process is further exacerbated at high temperatures of 60 c, which is the root cause of the fading of the capacity of lithium ion batteries. The existing temperature protection circuit adopts the following modes:
the temperature sensor is added with a singlechip/CPU mode, the mode realizes temperature control by adopting a hardware and software mode, and the temperature sensor is responsible for acquiring temperature signals including analog signals or digital signals. And then, carrying out operation in the singlechip, and carrying out corresponding operation according to the temperature value preset in the singlechip or the CPU. The defect is that the cost of a single chip microcomputer or a CPU is high, and the single chip microcomputer or the CPU is not allowed to exist on a plurality of simple lithium battery devices.
The difference between the mode of adding a singlechip/CPU to a thermosensitive device and the former mode is that the input end does not adopt a temperature sensor, but adopts temperature sensitive devices such as NTC or PTC and the like, and is connected to an ADC pin of the singlechip or the CPU in an external voltage division mode; and then the temperature value is obtained by the singlechip or the CPU through calculation. The disadvantages are the same as in the former way.
The mode of the temperature switch is that a temperature switch is added on the power supply path. The switch can directly realize on-off in a certain temperature range; but the defects are that the temperature is not accurate enough, the accuracy of +/-5 degrees can be generally achieved, the error of the reset temperature is larger and reaches +/-8 degrees, and the method cannot be applied to occasions with high requirements on the temperature accuracy.
The protection circuit formed by the triode and the resistor is simple, but when the temperature changes back and forth near a specific temperature, the battery can be charged and discharged at once, and cannot be charged and discharged at once, so that the service lives of the battery and a rear-end product are seriously influenced.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection, and the embodiment of the battery protection circuit is as follows:
example one
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection according to the present invention includes: the voltage regulator tube, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit, the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the logic switch circuit;
the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with a power supply of a system through a current limiting resistor, and is also connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit; the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the first input end of the logic switch circuit; the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the voltage regulator tube is used for providing reference voltage for the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a first level when the ambient temperature is gradually reduced and is smaller than the minimum value of a first temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a second level when the ambient temperature is gradually increased and is larger than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a second level when the ambient temperature gradually rises and is greater than the maximum value of a second temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a first level when the ambient temperature gradually falls and is less than the minimum value of the second temperature range; the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the logic switch circuit is used for receiving a second level at the first input end and enabling a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery to be conducted when the second input end receives the first level; and the power supply circuit is used for disconnecting the charging and discharging of the battery when the first input end receives a first level or the second input end receives a second level.
In this embodiment, the voltage regulator not only uses a general voltage regulator diode, but also uses a BX84C4V7 type voltage regulator chip, which can provide a stable reference power supply for the two hysteresis voltage comparison circuits; further, if it is necessary to set the reference voltage at 5.1V, a BX84C5V1 regulator may be used as the regulator tube.
In this embodiment, when the ambient temperature is less than the minimum value of the first temperature range, both the hysteresis voltage stabilizing circuits output the first level, when the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum value of the second temperature range, both the hysteresis voltage stabilizing circuits output the second level, and when the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range and less than the minimum value of the second temperature range, the first hysteresis voltage comparing circuit outputs the second level, and the second hysteresis voltage comparing circuit outputs the first level; according to the function of the logic switch circuit, only when the ambient temperature is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range and less than the minimum value of the second temperature range, the output levels of the two hysteresis voltage comparison circuits meet the conduction condition of a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery, so that the power supply path for charging and discharging the battery is timely disconnected when the temperature is too low or too high, and the battery protection is realized.
In this embodiment, the first temperature range is a neighborhood with a first preset temperature as a center point; wherein the first preset temperature can be-10 ℃ and the first temperature range can be-11 ℃ to-9 ℃.
In this embodiment, the second temperature range is a neighborhood with a second preset temperature as a center point; the first preset temperature may be 60 ℃, and the first temperature range may be 59 ℃ to 61 ℃.
In the present embodiment, the first level and the second level may be a high level and a low level, respectively.
Further, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting the first level or the second level when the ambient temperature changes within the first temperature range.
Further, the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting the first level or the second level when the ambient temperature changes within the second temperature range.
In the present embodiment, when the ambient temperature rises from the minimum value lower than the first temperature range to within the first temperature range, the output of the first hysteresis voltage comparing circuit is maintained at the first level regardless of how the ambient temperature changes within the first temperature range; when the ambient temperature decreases from a maximum value higher than the first temperature range to within the first temperature range, the output of the first hysteresis voltage comparing circuit is maintained at the second level regardless of a change in the ambient temperature within the first temperature range.
In the present embodiment, when the ambient temperature falls from a maximum value higher than the second temperature range to within the second temperature range, the output of the second hysteresis voltage comparing circuit is maintained at the second level regardless of how the ambient temperature changes within the second temperature range; when the ambient temperature decreases from a minimum value lower than the second temperature range to within the second temperature range, the output of the second hysteresis voltage comparing circuit is maintained at the first level regardless of a change in the ambient temperature within the second temperature range.
When the environmental temperature changes within the respective temperature range, the two hysteresis voltage comparison circuits keep outputting a certain level, but do not change back and forth between the two output levels, thereby improving the charging and discharging stability of the battery in the temperature change process by matching with the logic switch circuit.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a battery protection circuit based on temperature detection according to the present invention is shown, wherein the first hysteretic voltage comparison circuit includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R4, a fourth resistor R3, a first thermistor NTC1 and a first voltage comparator U2; the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R3 are the same as the resistance value of the first thermistor NTC1 at a first preset temperature; the first preset temperature is the median of the first temperature range;
the in-phase end of the first voltage comparator U2 is connected with the first end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the third resistor R4;
the inverting terminal of the first voltage comparator U2 is connected to the first terminal of the first thermistor NTC1 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R3;
the output end of the first voltage comparator U2 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R4 and the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparator circuit;
the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the second resistor R2 is connected with a circuit ground;
the second end of the first thermistor NTC1 is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second terminal of the fourth resistor R3 is connected to circuit ground.
In this embodiment, the temperature detection process of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit includes, for example: when the first preset temperature is-10 ℃, the resistance value of the first thermistor NTC1 is 55.34K, and the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R3 are 55.34K; when the temperature is lower than-10 ℃, if the first thermistor NTC1 is higher than 55.34K, the voltages of the two input ends of the comparator are different according to the voltage division principle of the two resistors, the voltage of the inverting end is lower than that of the non-inverting end, and the first voltage comparator U2 outputs a high level; when the temperature is higher than-10 ℃, if the first thermistor NTC1 is lower than 55.34K, the voltages of the two input ends of the first voltage comparator U2 are different according to the voltage division principle of the two resistors, the voltage of the inverting end is higher than the voltage of the non-inverting end, and the first voltage comparator U2 outputs a low level.
In the present embodiment, the Voltage comparator (Voltage comparator) is a circuit for discriminating and comparing input signals, and is a basic unit circuit constituting a non-sinusoidal wave generating circuit. Commonly used voltage comparators include single-limit comparators, hysteretic comparators, window comparators, tri-state voltage comparators, etc. The voltage comparator can be used as an interface of an analog circuit and a digital circuit, and can also be used as a waveform generating and converting circuit and the like. The sine wave can be changed into square wave or rectangular wave with the same frequency by using a simple voltage comparator.
According to the invention, voltage comparison is carried out through the first voltage comparator U2 and the divider resistor comprising the first thermistor NTC1, when the ambient temperature is gradually higher than a first preset temperature or is gradually lower than the first preset temperature, the conversion of the output level is realized, and the cost is lower because a singlechip or a CPU is required; the third resistor R4 forms a feedback resistor, so that the first voltage comparator U2 is combined with a divider resistor to form a hysteresis voltage comparator, the output level cannot be changed due to the change of the environmental temperature in a first temperature range, and the stability of the battery in the charging and discharging process during the temperature change is improved by combining a logic switch circuit.
Further, the first thermistor NTC1 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
In which, a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC), the resistance value of a Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor decreases as the Temperature increases. By utilizing the characteristic, the temperature measuring, temperature compensating and temperature controlling component can be manufactured, and the power type component can be manufactured to inhibit surge current of the circuit. The NTC thermistor has a rated zero-power resistance value, and can effectively suppress the startup surge current when connected in series in a power circuit. After the surge current suppressing action is completed, the resistance value of the NTC thermistor is decreased to a very small extent by the continuous action of the current.
Further, the first voltage comparator U2 is a high-voltage one-way differential comparator, and includes: AS331 comparator.
Further, the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R8, an eighth resistor R7, a second thermistor NTC2 and a second voltage comparator U3; the resistance values of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R7 are the same as the resistance value of the second thermistor NTC2 at a second preset temperature; the second preset temperature is the median of the second temperature range;
the in-phase end of the second voltage comparator U3 is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the first end of the seventh resistor R8;
the inverting terminal of the second voltage comparator U3 is connected with the first terminal of the second thermistor NTC2 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R7;
the output end of the second voltage comparator U3 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R8 and the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparator circuit;
a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to an input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to circuit ground;
the second end of the second thermistor NTC2 is connected with the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second terminal of the eighth resistor R7 is connected to circuit ground.
In this embodiment, the temperature detection process of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit includes, for example: when the second preset temperature is 60 ℃, the resistance value of the first thermistor NTC1 is 2.488K, and the resistance values of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R7 are set to be 2.488K; when the temperature is lower than 60 ℃, if the second thermistor NTC2 is higher than 2.488K, the voltages of the two input ends of the comparator are different according to the voltage division principle of the two resistors, the voltage of the inverting end is lower than that of the non-inverting end, and the second voltage comparator U3 outputs a high level; when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, if the second thermistor NTC2 is lower than 2.488K, the voltages of the two input ends of the second voltage comparator U3 are different according to the voltage division principle of the two resistors, the voltage of the inverting end is higher than the voltage of the non-inverting end, and the second voltage comparator U3 outputs a low level.
According to the invention, the voltage comparison is carried out through the second voltage comparator U3 and the divider resistor comprising the second thermistor NTC2, when the environment temperature is gradually higher than the second preset temperature or is gradually lower than the second preset temperature, the conversion of the output level is realized, and the cost is lower because a singlechip or a CPU is required; the seventh resistor R8 forms a feedback resistor, so that the second voltage comparator U3 is combined with a divider resistor to form a hysteresis voltage comparator, the output level cannot be changed due to the change of the environmental temperature in a second temperature range, and the stability of the battery in the charging and discharging process during the temperature change is improved by combining a logic switch circuit.
Further, the second thermistor NTC2 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
In this embodiment, the negative temperature coefficient thermistor and the common resistor form a voltage divider network. So that the voltages of the two input ends of the voltage comparator change along with the change of the environmental temperature.
Further, the second voltage comparator U3 is a high-voltage one-way differential comparator, and includes: AS331 comparator.
In this embodiment, when the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases AS the temperature increases, the output of the AS331 comparator changes from high to low.
Further, the logic switch circuit comprises a not gate U4, an AND gate U5 and a switch tube Q1;
the input end of the NOT gate U4 is connected with the first input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the NOT gate U4 is connected with the first input end of the AND gate U5;
a second input end of the AND gate U5 is connected with a second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the AND gate U5 is connected with the control end of the switch tube Q1;
and the first end of the switch tube Q1 and the second end of the switch tube Q1 are connected to a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery.
In this embodiment, the switching transistor Q1 may be an NMOS transistor, such that the control terminal is a gate, and the first terminal and the second terminal may be a drain and a source, respectively; the logic switch circuit of the embodiment of the invention, which is composed of the switch tube Q1, the not gate U4 and the and gate U5, has the logic as shown in the following table:
in this embodiment, the switching tube Q1 is turned on only when the first voltage comparator U2 and the second voltage comparator U3 output a low level and a high level, respectively, so as to turn on a power path for charging and discharging the battery; and in other cases, the power supply path for charging and discharging the battery is cut off, so that the battery protection function is realized.
The voltage regulator tube provides stable reference voltage for the two hysteresis comparison circuits, so that the levels output by the two hysteresis comparison circuits are only influenced by the ambient temperature, and the situation that the logic switch circuit is frequently switched on and off a power supply path for charging and discharging a battery due to the influence of the fluctuation of input voltage is avoided; the hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is realized without using a singlechip or a CPU, so that the production cost is reduced; in addition, the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit does not change the output level at the same temperature node when the ambient temperature rises and falls, and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit does not change the output level at the same temperature node when the ambient temperature rises and falls, so that frequent change of the battery charging and discharging process caused by frequent change of the temperature at a critical point is avoided, and the stability of the battery charging and discharging process under the condition of temperature change is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A battery protection circuit based on temperature detection, comprising: the voltage regulator comprises a voltage regulator tube, a first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit, a second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and a logic switch circuit;
the voltage regulator tube is connected with a power supply of a system through a current-limiting resistor, and is also connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit; the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the first input end of the logic switch circuit; the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is connected with the second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the voltage regulator tube is used for providing reference voltage for the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit and the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a first level when the ambient temperature gradually decreases and is smaller than the minimum value of a first temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a second level when the ambient temperature gradually increases and is larger than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is used for outputting a second level when the ambient temperature gradually rises and is greater than the maximum value of a second temperature range according to the reference voltage, and outputting a first level when the ambient temperature gradually falls and is less than the minimum value of the second temperature range; the minimum value of the second temperature range is greater than the maximum value of the first temperature range;
the logic switch circuit is used for receiving a second level at the first input end and enabling a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery to be conducted when the second input end receives the first level; and the power supply circuit is used for disconnecting the charging and discharging of the battery when the first input end receives a first level or the second input end receives a second level.
2. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of claim 1, wherein the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting a first level or a second level when the ambient temperature varies within the first temperature range.
3. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of claim 1, wherein the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit is further configured to keep outputting the first level or the second level when the ambient temperature changes within the second temperature range.
4. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first thermistor and a first voltage comparator; the resistance value of the first resistor, the resistance value of the second resistor and the resistance value of the fourth resistor are the same as the resistance value of the first thermistor at a first preset temperature; the first preset temperature is the median of the first temperature range;
the in-phase end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor;
the inverting end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the first thermistor and the first end of the fourth resistor;
the output end of the first voltage comparator is connected with the second end of the third resistor and the output end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the second end of the first resistor is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
the second end of the second resistor is connected with the circuit ground;
the second end of the first thermistor is connected with the input end of the first hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the circuit ground.
5. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of claim 4, wherein the first thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
6. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of claim 4, wherein the first voltage comparator is a high voltage one-way differential comparator comprising: AS331 comparator.
7. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit comprises: a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a second thermistor and a second voltage comparator; the resistance value of the fifth resistor, the resistance value of the sixth resistor and the resistance value of the eighth resistor are the same as the resistance value of the second thermistor at a second preset temperature; the second preset temperature is the median of the second temperature range;
the in-phase end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, the first end of the sixth resistor and the first end of the seventh resistor;
the inverting end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the first end of the second thermistor and the first end of the eighth resistor;
the output end of the second voltage comparator is connected with the second end of the seventh resistor and the output end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the fifth resistor is connected with an input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second end of the sixth resistor is connected with circuit ground;
the second end of the second thermistor is connected with the input end of the second hysteresis voltage comparison circuit;
a second terminal of the eighth resistor is connected to circuit ground.
8. The battery protection circuit based on temperature sensing of claim 7, wherein said second thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
9. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection of claim 7, wherein the second voltage comparator is a high voltage one-way differential comparator comprising: AS331 comparator.
10. The battery protection circuit based on temperature detection according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the logic switch circuit comprises a NOT gate, an AND gate and a switch tube;
wherein an input end of the NOT gate is connected with a first input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the first input end of the AND gate;
the second input end of the AND gate is connected with the second input end of the logic switch circuit;
the output end of the AND gate is connected with the control end of the switch tube;
and the first end of the switch tube and the second end of the switch tube are connected to a power supply path for charging and discharging the battery.
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| CN202211693698.0A CN115954835B (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection |
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| CN202211693698.0A CN115954835B (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection |
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