CN114421569A - Lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit - Google Patents
Lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114421569A CN114421569A CN202210097128.9A CN202210097128A CN114421569A CN 114421569 A CN114421569 A CN 114421569A CN 202210097128 A CN202210097128 A CN 202210097128A CN 114421569 A CN114421569 A CN 114421569A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a temperature stepped charging control and protection circuit for a lithium battery, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a step temperature detection circuit and a charging management circuit; the step temperature detection circuit includes: the temperature sampling voltage division circuit, the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the temperature sampling voltage division circuit is used for respectively outputting temperature sampling voltage values divided by the thermistor to the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit respectively comprise a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit and a switch voltage division circuit which are connected, and are used for outputting a voltage signal which is compared with a temperature sampling voltage value to the charging management circuit; the charging management circuit outputs charging current within the current environment temperature range to the lithium battery according to the voltage signal provided by the temperature detection circuit, so that the temperature step charging of the lithium battery pack is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery charging, in particular to a temperature step charging control and protection circuit for a lithium battery.
Background
With the increasingly wide application of lithium ion batteries, the lithium ion batteries are increasingly applied to power battery systems, such as electric tools, dust collectors and the like; the charging current and the ambient temperature of charging of lithium cell are the key parameters who uses the lithium cell, and overcurrent and overtemperature charge can produce irreversible damage to electric core body, and in order to realize safe handling, the charging current and the ambient temperature of monitoring battery are then crucial in the lithium cell, make whole BMS system can effective management protection circuit to guarantee the normal life and the security performance of lithium cell.
At present, temperature protection ICs for lithium battery packs exist in the market, but the temperature protection ICs and the schemes for the lithium batteries can only set upper limit charging current protection and high-low temperature protection, or temperature judgment and charging current control are carried out by a charger, different charging current monitoring and protection under active multi-stage temperature cannot be realized, the lithium battery charging protection is not comprehensive enough, and the safety standard of lithium battery step charging is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and defects of the prior art, the invention provides a lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit aiming at the core problems, the resistance value of an NTC is acquired and compared through a temperature acquisition circuit, and meanwhile, the charging current control of a charging management IC is automatically adjusted according to the acquired temperature value to confirm the use temperature condition of the current lithium battery pack, so that the active control of the multi-step charging of the whole lithium battery using different charging currents in different temperature environments is realized. The circuit effectively overcomes the defects of the conventional stepped charging control of the lithium battery, realizes the autonomous control of the charging current of the lithium battery according to different environmental temperatures, increases the safety of the battery in the using process, and avoids accidents and losses.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a lithium cell temperature ladder charging control and protection circuit which characterized in that includes: a step temperature detection circuit and a charging management circuit;
the step temperature detection circuit includes: the temperature sampling voltage division circuit, the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the temperature sampling voltage division circuit is used for respectively outputting temperature sampling voltage values divided by the thermistor to the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit respectively comprise a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit and a switch voltage division circuit which are connected, and are used for outputting a voltage signal which is compared with a temperature sampling voltage value to the charging management circuit;
the charging management circuit outputs charging current within the current environment temperature range to the lithium battery according to the voltage signal provided by the temperature detection circuit, so that the temperature step charging of the lithium battery pack is realized.
Further, the temperature sampling voltage division circuit comprises a resistor R39 and an NTC RT3 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage; the first reference voltage circuit of the first-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R36 and R40 which are connected in series to divide VREF voltage, the positive input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with first reference voltage, the output end of the first comparison circuit is connected with a first switch voltage division circuit, and the first switch voltage division circuit adopts a first switch tube which is connected in parallel with the two ends of a resistor R44 and is connected in series with the resistor R33 to form a voltage division circuit; the second reference voltage circuit of the second-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R37 and R41 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage, the positive input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the second reference voltage, the output end of the second comparison circuit is connected with a second switch voltage division circuit, and the second switch voltage division circuit adopts a second switch tube which is connected in parallel with the two ends of the resistor R45 and is connected in series with the resistor R34 to form a voltage division circuit;
the ratio of the two resistances of the first reference voltage circuit and the second reference voltage circuit is different.
Further, a resistor R35 is connected between the positive input end and the output end of the first comparison circuit to serve as a hysteresis circuit; and a resistor R42 is connected between the positive input end and the output end of the second comparison circuit to serve as a hysteresis circuit.
Furthermore, the first switch voltage division circuit and the second switch voltage division circuit are integrated in the same voltage division circuit in parallel, and share a signal output end.
Furthermore, the first switch voltage division circuit and the second switch voltage division circuit are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R14, and are connected in series with the resistor R13 to divide the VREF voltage and output the divided voltage value.
Furthermore, an operational amplifier power supply filter capacitor C23 is arranged in the first comparison circuit.
The core of the design of the invention and the optimized scheme thereof is that the voltage comparator is used for collecting the current ambient temperature of the battery, and active current regulation and switching are carried out according to the collected ambient temperature, so that the temperature ambient ladder charging of the whole BMS system is realized, and the safety of the battery in the using process is improved.
The NTC resistance value is collected and compared through the temperature collecting circuit, and meanwhile, the charging current control of the charging management IC is automatically adjusted according to the obtained temperature value to confirm the use temperature condition of the current lithium battery pack, so that the whole lithium battery can be actively controlled in multi-step charging by using different charging currents in different temperature environments. The circuit effectively overcomes the defects of the conventional lithium battery in the step charging active control, realizes the autonomous control of the charging current of the lithium battery according to different environmental temperatures, does not need the host end to carry out additional control, increases the safety of the battery in the using process, and avoids accidents and losses.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first part of a temperature detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second part of the temperature detection circuit according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an overall charging circuit scheme of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, one of the core of the design of this embodiment is to provide a temperature detection circuit with a voltage control signal output capability reflecting a gradient temperature, so as to improve and upgrade a charging management circuit of a lithium battery, which specifically includes:
the temperature sampling voltage division circuit, the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit. The temperature sampling voltage division circuit is used for respectively outputting temperature sampling voltage values divided by the thermistor to the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit respectively comprise a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit and a switch voltage division circuit which are connected with each other and are used for outputting voltage signals which are compared with temperature sampling voltage values.
Further, the temperature sampling voltage division circuit comprises a resistor R39 and an NTC RT3 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage; the first reference voltage circuit of the first-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R36 and R40 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage, the positive input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with the temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with the first reference voltage, the output end of the first comparison circuit is connected with a first switch voltage division circuit, and the first switch voltage division circuit adopts a first switching tube which is connected in parallel with the two ends of a resistor R44 and is connected in series with the resistor R33 to form a voltage division circuit; the second reference voltage circuit of the second-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R37 and R41 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage, the positive input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the second reference voltage, the output end of the second comparison circuit is connected with a second switch voltage division circuit, and the second switch voltage division circuit adopts a second switch tube which is connected in parallel at two ends of a resistor R45 and is connected in series with the resistor R34 to form a voltage division circuit.
The circuit does not need active control, and the working mechanism is as follows: the RT3 adopts an NTC with 25 ℃ resistance value of 10K, VREF voltage is subjected to series voltage division through R39 and RT3, and a temperature sampling voltage value can be output; dividing the voltage of R36 and R40 by VREF voltage of 3.3V to obtain a first-order temperature reference voltage value; dividing the voltage of R37 and R41 by VREF voltage of 3.3V to obtain a second-order temperature reference voltage value; the second-order temperature reference voltage value is greater than the first-order temperature reference voltage value; when the environment temperature sampling voltage value is smaller than the first-order temperature reference voltage value, the U3A outputs a low level, at the moment, Iadj1 is a low level, and Q10 is in a disconnected state; when the environment temperature sampling voltage value is larger than the first-order temperature reference voltage value, the U3A outputs a high level, at the moment, Iadj1 is a high level, and Q10 is in a conducting state; when the environment temperature sampling voltage value is smaller than the second-order temperature reference voltage value, the U3B outputs a low level, at the moment, Iadj2 is a low level, and Q9 is in a disconnected state; when the environment temperature sampling voltage value is larger than the second-order temperature reference voltage value, the U3B outputs a high level, at the moment, Iadj2 is a high level, and Q9 is in a conducting state; the state change of the Q9 and the Q10 can cause the series-connected resistor of the drain electrodes to be connected with the R14 in parallel, the voltage of an ISET point is controlled, and the change of the ISET voltage value can control the output current value of the U1; three charging currents can be set by the temperature detection control circuit: the first-order charging current is obtained when the ambient temperature is higher than the first-order temperature, the second-order charging current is obtained when the ambient temperature is between the first-order temperature and the second-order temperature, and the third-order charging current is obtained when the ambient temperature is lower than the second-order temperature; the first-order charging current is larger than the second-order charging current, and the second-order charging current is larger than the third-order charging current, so that the active control of the multi-order step charging of the whole lithium battery using different charging currents in different temperature environments is realized.
Further, under the design, a first-order temperature action threshold value and a second-order temperature action threshold value can be set by configuring resistance values of R36, R40, R37 and R41, when the cell temperature reaches a certain low temperature value, the actions of Q9 and Q10 are controlled to switch the voltage value of the ISET point to a corresponding voltage value, and the U1 is controlled to output current.
C23 is used as the filtering capacitor of the operational amplifier power supply.
The feedback resistors R35 and R42 form a hysteresis circuit, the operational amplifier can be recovered to be at a low level only when the temperature rises to a hysteresis threshold, and the situation that the temperature shakes at a threshold point to trigger a switch repeatedly can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the overall charging circuit architecture for lithium batteries according to the present embodiment includes:
a. an electrical core package; a plurality of lithium cells are combined in series;
b. a battery protection circuit; and monitoring and protecting the charging and discharging voltage and current of the battery, and disconnecting the charging and discharging Mosfet when the charging and discharging voltage and current of the battery exceed a protection threshold.
c. A temperature detection circuit; and monitoring the temperature of the battery through the NTC and the operational amplifier, and controlling a corresponding current threshold signal to the charging management circuit according to the acquired environmental temperature.
d. A charging management circuit; and outputting the charging current within the current environment temperature range according to the current threshold value signal controlled by the temperature detection circuit, so as to realize the temperature stepped charging of the lithium battery pack.
e. A charging terminal: the terminal is a charging port and is used as a charging port for connection.
f. A discharge terminal: the terminal is a discharge port and is used as a discharge port connection.
The connection relationship of each part is as follows: after the electric cores are connected in series, each node is respectively connected with each corresponding voltage acquisition circuit in the battery protection circuit, and voltage and current monitoring protection is carried out; the output end of the battery protection circuit is connected with the discharge terminal; the input end of the charging management circuit is connected with the charging terminal; the output end of the charging management circuit is connected with the output end of the battery protection circuit; the control end of the temperature detection circuit is connected with the charging management circuit and is powered by the charging management circuit, and meanwhile, the temperature detection circuit outputs a control signal ISET to the charging management circuit through the control port according to the currently detected ambient temperature, as shown in fig. 3, so as to be used as a control signal for actively adjusting the output current of the charging management circuit.
According to the scheme of the embodiment, the conventional temperature detection circuit is improved and adjusted, so that the gradient signal related to the temperature can be output and provided for the charging management circuit, and the temperature step charging of the lithium battery pack is realized.
The principle is as follows: the voltage comparator is used for carrying out gradient collection on the current ambient temperature of the battery, active current regulation and switching are carried out according to the collected ambient temperature, the temperature environment stepped charging of the whole BMS system is realized, and the safety of the battery in the using process is improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any other various types of lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuits can be obtained according to the teaching of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a lithium cell temperature ladder charging control and protection circuit which characterized in that includes: a step temperature detection circuit and a charging management circuit;
the step temperature detection circuit includes: the temperature sampling voltage division circuit, the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the temperature sampling voltage division circuit is used for respectively outputting temperature sampling voltage values divided by the thermistor to the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit; the first-order temperature current control circuit and the second-order temperature current control circuit respectively comprise a reference voltage circuit, a comparison circuit and a switch voltage division circuit which are connected, and are used for outputting a voltage signal which is compared with a temperature sampling voltage value to the charging management circuit;
the charging management circuit outputs charging current within the current environment temperature range to the lithium battery according to the voltage signal provided by the temperature detection circuit, so that the temperature step charging of the lithium battery pack is realized.
2. The lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the temperature sampling voltage division circuit comprises a resistor R39 and an NTC RT3 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage; the first reference voltage circuit of the first-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R36 and R40 which are connected in series to divide VREF voltage, the positive input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the first comparison circuit is connected with first reference voltage, the output end of the first comparison circuit is connected with a first switch voltage division circuit, and the first switch voltage division circuit adopts a first switch tube which is connected in parallel with the two ends of a resistor R44 and is connected in series with the resistor R33 to form a voltage division circuit; the second reference voltage circuit of the second-order temperature current control circuit comprises resistors R37 and R41 which are connected in series to divide the VREF voltage, the positive input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the temperature sampling voltage, the negative input end of the second comparison circuit is connected with the second reference voltage, the output end of the second comparison circuit is connected with a second switch voltage division circuit, and the second switch voltage division circuit adopts a second switch tube which is connected in parallel with the two ends of the resistor R45 and is connected in series with the resistor R34 to form a voltage division circuit;
the ratio of the two resistances of the first reference voltage circuit and the second reference voltage circuit is different.
3. The lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit of claim 2, wherein: a resistor R35 is connected between the positive input end and the output end of the first comparison circuit to serve as a hysteresis circuit; and a resistor R42 is connected between the positive input end and the output end of the second comparison circuit to serve as a hysteresis circuit.
4. The lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit of claim 2, wherein: the first switch voltage division circuit and the second switch voltage division circuit are integrated in the same voltage division circuit in parallel, and share a signal output end.
5. The lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit of claim 4, wherein: the first switch voltage division circuit and the second switch voltage division circuit are connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R14, and are connected in series with the resistor R13 to divide the VREF voltage and output the divided voltage value.
6. The lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit of claim 2, wherein: and an operational amplifier power supply filter capacitor C23 is arranged in the first comparison circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210097128.9A CN114421569A (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210097128.9A CN114421569A (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114421569A true CN114421569A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210097128.9A Pending CN114421569A (en) | 2022-01-27 | 2022-01-27 | Lithium battery temperature step charging control and protection circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115954835A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-11 | 广州通则康威智能科技有限公司 | Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection |
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2022
- 2022-01-27 CN CN202210097128.9A patent/CN114421569A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115954835A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-11 | 广州通则康威智能科技有限公司 | Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection |
| CN115954835B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-03-12 | 广州通则康威科技股份有限公司 | Battery protection circuit based on temperature detection |
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