CN1159540C - Method for removing waste gas uns-dimethylhydrazine in combustion of alcohol and its equipment - Google Patents
Method for removing waste gas uns-dimethylhydrazine in combustion of alcohol and its equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1159540C CN1159540C CNB991262603A CN99126260A CN1159540C CN 1159540 C CN1159540 C CN 1159540C CN B991262603 A CNB991262603 A CN B991262603A CN 99126260 A CN99126260 A CN 99126260A CN 1159540 C CN1159540 C CN 1159540C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine exhaust gas by alcohol fuel combustion. Fuel alcohol is used as fuel, and a combustor is ignited; unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine exhaust gas whose volume percent concentration is from 1 to 30% is introduced into the combustor to be combusted together with the fuel oil to produce water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, and the purpose of processing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine exhaust gas is realized. A combustion furnace has simple structure; an exhaust gas distributing ring arranged in the furnace chamber of the combustion furnace can make the exhaust gas fully combusted; tests show that no residual unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine tail gas exists in the tail gas, and the tail gas discharge meets the national discharge standard.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas by burning alcohol fuel and an incinerator.
Background art:
since the industrial revolution, the human production has been greatly developed, but at the same time, the environment is increasingly polluted, and the protection of the environment on which human beings depend for survival from industrial waste gas is an extremely important subject. The three main pollution sources of NOx, SO2 and hydrocarbons are known to pollute the environment, but some pollutants which are not known to be discharged in a small amount but are more harmful, such as unsym-dimethyl hydrazine, are also known to pollute the environment. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is an organic amine, generally used as a fuel in aerospace industry as a rocket propellant, and is liquid at normal temperature. When in use, the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine needs to be pressurized by nitrogen in the processes of transportation, transfer injection and filling, and the nitrogen is evacuated to normal pressure after the process operation is finished. The discharged waste gas contains a large amount of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and the concentration of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is about 1-30%. Unsym-dimethyl hydrazine is extremely toxic, the liver of a person is damaged by a mild person, the liver of a person is possibly carcinogenic by a severe person, the unsym-dimethyl hydrazine is extremely harmful and explosive to the human, and waste gas needs to be subjected to harmless treatment. The treatment method mostly adopts a water or potassium permanganate solution absorption method and a catalytic oxidation method. The absorption method is adopted to absorb the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas, the absorption is not thorough enough, and the absorbed waste liquid becomes another liquid pollution source. The catalytic oxidation method is to make unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine and oxidant usually air directly contact on the catalyst bed layer to carry out catalytic oxidation reaction, so that the hidden danger ofexplosion exists, the catalytic combustion is an exothermic reaction, the reaction is violent, the reaction is limited by slow heat transfer of gas-solid reaction, the released heat is concentrated and is not easy to carry out, so that the temperature is difficult to control, once the temperature is raised, the service life of the catalyst is shortened and the catalyst is inactivated, the concentration is improperly controlled, the explosion is easy to cause, and the operation difficulty is large. Therefore, when the waste gas is treated, the concentration of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is not too high, and the discharged unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas with high concentration must be diluted by inert gas, so that the treatment time must be prolonged, and the cost for treating the waste gas is increased. ,
the invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas by burning alcohol fuel, which has the advantages of thorough treatment, easy operation and low cost, and an incinerator.
The invention aims to realize the following steps: liquid alcohol is used as fuel, after the fuel is ignited, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas with the volume percentage concentration of 1-30% is introduced and is combusted together to generate water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, so that the aim of treating the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas is fulfilled.
The method for treating the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing air into an incinerator for purging, wherein the treatment capacity of waste gas of the incinerator is less than or equal to 200 cubic meters per cubic meter per hour, namely the incinerator of each cubic meter can treat the waste gas by 200 cubic meters per hour at the maximum, the primary air coefficient is 0.5-1.3, and the secondary air is introduced to ensure that the total air coefficient is 1.05-5, then introducing and igniting alcohol fuel, preheating a furnace body, and ensuring that the heat load of the incinerator is 160 ten thousand joules per cubic meter per hour-545 ten thousand joules per cubic meter per hour;
(2) when the preheating temperature in the incinerator reaches 500 ℃, introducing waste gas containing 1-30% of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by volume percentage concentration from a waste gas inlet, combusting the waste gas and alcohol fuel together, properly increasing primary air quantity according to the quantity of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, keeping the primary air coefficient at 0.5-1.3 and the total air coefficient at 1.05-5, adjusting the quantity of the alcohol fuel, enabling the heat load of the incinerator to be 160 ten thousand cokes/cubic meter hour-545 ten thousand cokes/cubic meter hour, and controlling the temperature in the incinerator to be 800 plus 1500 ℃;
(3) and introducing secondary air to ensure that the incompletely combusted fuel alcohol and the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas are continuously and completely combusted, and finally discharging the completely combusted fuel alcohol and the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas into the atmosphere through a chimney.
The fuel alcohol as described above is methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol.
In order to complete the method for treating the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas, a special incinerator is designed, the special incinerator comprises an incinerator body, a main burner, a chimney and a vehicle loader, a primary air inlet, an ignition hole, a nozzle and an air distribution plate are arranged on the main burner, a temperature measuring hole is arranged at the top of the incinerator body, a fire observing hole and a detecting hole are arranged on the chimney, the whole incinerator is placed on the vehicle loader, a waste gas distribution ring is arranged in a hearth, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the waste gas distribution ring, distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the waste gas distribution ring, and the axis of each distribution hole is intersected with the center of flame burnt by the nozzle on the main burner. The waste gas distribution ring is composed of circular tubes, and the number of distribution holes is at least 8, and can be 12, 24 or 36.
When the incinerator is used, primary air is fed from a primary air inlet according to the air quantity with the air excess coefficient of 0.5-1.3, the total air coefficient is 1.05-5 after secondary air is fed, an igniter is ignited, fuel alcohol is fed, a main burner starts to burn, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas is fed from a waste gas inlet to burn when the temperature in the incinerator reaches 500 ℃, most of alcohol fuel and waste gas are burnt in an hearth, incompletely burnt alcohol fuel and waste gas are completely burnt under the action of the secondary air, and burnt gas is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. simple process, easy operation, quick start, safety, reliability, low investment and low operating cost.
2. The alcohol fuel is clean and can be completely combusted, no black smoke is generated in the exhausted tail gas, and the alcohol fuel is liquid at normal temperature and is convenient to transport and store.
3. The concentration of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas which can be treated is high, the range is wide, and the waste gas with the concentration up to 30 percent can be treated by the incinerator.
4. In the case of alcohol fuel to provide heat, the treated unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas can be continuously or discontinuously supplied, and the concentration and the gas quantity of the waste gas can be stable or can be changed and fluctuated.
5. The unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content in the discharged tail gas after treatment is less than 1ppm, the waste gas treatment is thorough, and no secondary pollution is generated.
6. The equipment is simple, and the device is a movable treatment device and can treat the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas at any time and any place.
Description of the drawings:
the embodiments of the present invention are further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an incinerator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1A-a.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in the figure, 1 is a main burner, 2 is a primary air inlet, 3 is an ignition hole, 4 is a fuel alcohol nozzle, 5 is an air distribution plate, 6 is an exhaust gas (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine) inlet, 7 is an exhaust gas distribution ring, 8 is a secondary air inlet, 9 is a temperature measurement hole, 10 is a furnace body, 11 is a fire observation hole, 12 is a chimney, 13 is a detection hole, and 14 is a vehicle loader.
Main burner 1 dress is at the tip of stove, primary air inlet 2 dress is on main burner 1, waste gas inlet 6 and secondary air inlet 8 and temperature measurement hole 9 dress are at the top of furnace body 10, it establishes on chimney 12 to see fire hole 11 and inspection hole 13, the furnace frame carries car 14 for the movable type, waste gas distribution ring 7 dress is in furnace, waste gas inlet 6 and waste gas distribution ring 7 intercommunication, waste gas distribution ring 7 is made by the garden tube, the equipartition has 8 distribution holes on the waste gas distribution ring 7, the axis in hole intersects in the flame center that nozzle 4 burns on main burner.
Example 1
Introducing primary air from a primary air inlet 2, adjusting the flow rate to 33 cubic meters per hour (namely the primary air coefficient is 1.3), introducing secondary air from a secondary air inlet 8 for 72 cubic meters per hour, then introducing methanol, simultaneously igniting a main burner by an ignition hole 3, stably burning for 20 minutes, preheating a furnace body, introducing waste gas containing 1% of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in 6 cubic meters per hour from a waste gas inlet when the furnace temperature reaches 500 ℃, burning the waste gas together with kerosene after entering the furnace body, controlling the total air coefficient to be 4, controlling the temperature in the furnace to be 800-fold temperature 1500 ℃, sampling and analyzing the discharged tail gas by a detection hole 13, wherein the residual content of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in the tail gas is not detected (less than 1ppm), the total hydrocarbon is 5.5 mg/cubic meter, and the national specified discharge standard is reached.
Example 2
The other conditions are the same as example 1, except that the content of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine in the exhaust gas is changed to 7%, the exhaust gas is analyzed, the contentof unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine cannot be detected (less than 1ppm), and other emissions in the exhaust gas all meet the emission requirements.
Example 3
The other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the primary air flow rate was changed to 49 cubic meters per hour (primary air coefficient was 1.3), the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content in the exhaust gas was 11%, the total air coefficient was 3.1, and the analysis result of the exhaust gas was: the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content is not detected (less than 1ppm), and the contents of other substances all reach the national emission standard.
Example 4
The other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content in the exhaust gas was changed to 30%, the primary air flow rate was changed to 71 cubic meters per hour (primary air ratio: 1.2), and the analysis result of the exhaust gas was as follows: the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine content is not detected (less than 1ppm), and the content of other substances in the tail gas meets the emission requirement.
Example 5
The other conditions are the same as example 1, except that methanol is changed into ethanol, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (less than 1ppm) can not be detected in the analyzed tail gas, and the contents of other substances all reach the national emission standard.
Example 6
The other conditions are the same as example 1, except that methanol is changed into propanol, unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (less than 1ppm) can not be detected in the analyzed tail gas, and the content of other substances in the tail gas reaches the national emission standard.
Claims (2)
1. A method for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas by alcohol fuel combustion is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) introducing air into an incinerator for purging, wherein the treatment capacity of waste gas of the incinerator is less than or equal to 200 cubic meters per cubic meter per hour, the primary air coefficient is 0.5-1.3, the total air coefficient after secondary air introduction is 1.05-5, then introducing and igniting alcohol fuel, preheating a furnace body, and enabling the heat load of the incinerator to be 160 ten thousand joules per cubic meter per hour-545 ten thousand joules per cubic meter per hour;
(2) when the preheating temperature in the incinerator reaches 500 ℃, introducing waste gas containing 1-30% of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by volume percentage concentration from a waste gas inlet, combusting the waste gas and alcohol fuel together, simultaneously increasing primary air quantity according to the quantity of the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, keeping the primary air coefficient at 0.5-1.3 and the total air coefficient at 1.05-5, adjusting the quantity of the alcohol fuel, leading the heat load of the incinerator to be 160 ten thousand cokes/cubic meter hour-545 ten thousand cokes/cubic meter hour, and controlling the temperature in the incinerator to be 800-;
(3) and introducing secondary air to ensure that the incompletely combusted alcohol fuel and the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas are continuously and completely combusted, and finally discharging the completely combusted alcohol fuel and the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas into the atmosphere through a chimney.
2. The method for removing unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine waste gas in the presence of alcohol fuel as set forth in claim 1, whereinsaid alcohol fuel is methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991262603A CN1159540C (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Method for removing waste gas uns-dimethylhydrazine in combustion of alcohol and its equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991262603A CN1159540C (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Method for removing waste gas uns-dimethylhydrazine in combustion of alcohol and its equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1304012A CN1304012A (en) | 2001-07-18 |
| CN1159540C true CN1159540C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB991262603A Expired - Fee Related CN1159540C (en) | 1999-12-22 | 1999-12-22 | Method for removing waste gas uns-dimethylhydrazine in combustion of alcohol and its equipment |
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| CN107514644B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-12-28 | 西安航天动力研究所 | Dinitrogen tetroxide/Hydrazine propellant waste gas and liquids treatment burner and control method |
| CN109529610A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-29 | 杭州谱育科技发展有限公司 | The processing unit and method of tail gas in acrylic acid production |
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| CN1304012A (en) | 2001-07-18 |
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