CN115948212A - Solid-state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification bacterium culture equipment and saccharification bacterium culture process - Google Patents
Solid-state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification bacterium culture equipment and saccharification bacterium culture process Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of liquor brewing, in particular to a saccharification and cultivation device and a saccharification and cultivation process for solid Xiaoqu liquor, which comprise a heat preservation room box bed, wherein an air temperature regulation and control room is arranged on one side of the heat preservation room box bed; a movable plate chain is horizontally arranged in the heat preservation room box bed, penetrates through the heat preservation room box bed and divides the inner side of the heat preservation room box bed into an upper layer and a lower layer; the air supply end of the air temperature regulating and controlling chamber is connected with an air supply pipeline, the air return end of the air temperature regulating and controlling chamber is connected with an air return pipeline, and the air supply pipeline and the air return pipeline are connected through a first valve; a centrifugal fan is arranged on the air supply pipeline, an air control pipe fitting and a temperature and humidity monitoring unit are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed and positioned on the upper side of the movable plate link, and the air control pipe fitting is connected with the air supply pipeline; and a heat preservation unit and an exhaust pipe fitting are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed and positioned on the lower side of the movable plate chain, and the exhaust pipe fitting is connected with a return air pipeline. By adopting the technical scheme, the saccharification culture effect is improved by regulating and controlling the temperature rise rate of the new process saccharification culture of the Xiaoqu liquor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquor brewing, in particular to a saccharification and culture device and a saccharification and culture process for solid Xiaoqu liquor.
Background
The Xiaoqu white spirit is one of the main spirit varieties of Chinese white spirit, the annual output accounts for about one third of the total spirit output, sorghum is mostly used as a raw material in the production, rhizopus koji is used as a saccharification leavening agent, and whole grains are subjected to moistening, steaming, spreading and airing for leavening, saccharification and cultivation, grain lees mixing, fermentation in a pool and solid state distillation to obtain the Xiaoqu white spirit. The saccharification fungus culture process is to make rhizopus, saccharomycetes and other microbes grow and propagate on cooked grains to provide necessary enzyme amount for starch to become sugar and sugar to become wine, and does not need to complete saccharification task completely. The method is a core process for brewing the Xiaoqu white spirit, plays a role in starting and stopping in the process of mixing steamed grains and grains, and the quality of saccharification and culture directly influences the yield and quality of brewing.
The saccharification culture process mainly comprises a standing period and a heating period, wherein the saccharification material is kept at a certain temperature in the standing period and is basically unchanged, and the temperature of the saccharification material is raised by about 1 to 3 ℃ every 2 hours in the heating period until the saccharification material is taken out of a box. The production experience of the traditional Xiaoqu liquor shows that the key points of saccharification culture are to strictly control the temperature and time of culture and the aging and tenderness of the culture, so that beneficial bacteria grow properly. However, with the development of mechanization and automation of Xiaoqu liquor, a saccharification culture field of a new technology of Xiaoqu liquor is upgraded from a traditional open ground box bed to a heat-preservation room type movable saccharification bed, the production scale is increased, the thickness of a material layer of a saccharified material is increased, the heat production quantity is large in the temperature rise period of saccharification culture, the heat dissipation is slow, and the temperature rise speed is accelerated. The method is limited by the experience of traditional production operation, the industry generally considers that the saccharification culture bacteria is suitable to be carried out in a static environment, and the external strong cooling operation can not only air-dry and crust the surface layer of the material, but also disturb the normal growth and reproduction of microorganisms and influence the normal saccharification effect. Therefore, the problem that the content of defective components in the produced liquor is increased due to the fact that the box outlet temperature is as high as 38-40 ℃ and the box outlet temperature is too old exists for a long time in the novel process saccharification culture of the Xiaoqu liquor. Therefore, the invention aims to solve the problems that the saccharifying culture equipment for the solid-state small qu liquor and the saccharifying culture process thereof are needed to be developed, the temperature of the finished product in a box is reduced and the tenderness degree is increased by regulating the temperature rise rate of saccharifying culture in the novel process of the small qu liquor, and the saccharifying culture effect is improved, so that the content of defective ingredients in liquor production is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the saccharification and culture equipment and the saccharification and culture process of the solid-state Xiaoqu liquor, and the saccharification and culture effect is improved by regulating and controlling the temperature rise rate of the new process saccharification and culture of the Xiaoqu liquor, reducing the box outlet temperature and the old tenderness degree.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the application provides solid-state small starter white spirit saccharification bacteria culture equipment which comprises a heat preservation room box bed for providing a material saccharification place, wherein an air temperature regulation and control room is arranged on one side of the heat preservation room box bed; a movable plate chain for placing materials is horizontally arranged in the insulated house box bed, penetrates through the insulated house box bed and divides the inner side of the insulated house box bed into an upper layer and a lower layer; the air supply end of the air temperature regulating and controlling room is connected with an air supply pipeline, the air return end of the air temperature regulating and controlling room is connected with an air return pipeline, and the air supply pipeline and the air return pipeline are connected through a first valve; a centrifugal fan is arranged on the air supply pipeline, an air control pipe fitting and a temperature and humidity monitoring unit are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed and positioned on the upper side of the movable plate link, and the air control pipe fitting is connected with the air supply pipeline; and a heat preservation unit and an air exhaust pipe are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed and positioned on the lower side of the movable plate chain, and the air exhaust pipe is connected with the air return pipeline.
Preferably, a partition plate is arranged on the inner side of the heat preservation room box bed and above the movable plate chain, the partition plate is vertically arranged, and a plurality of partition plates are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the partition plate is positioned on the upper side of the material; the upper side of the heat preservation room box bed is divided into a plurality of independent regulation and control areas by the partition plates; the inner side of each regulation and control area is provided with the wind control pipe fitting and the temperature and humidity monitoring unit respectively.
Preferably, the wind control pipe fitting comprises a wind supply branch pipe, one end of the wind supply branch pipe is communicated with the wind supply pipeline, the other end of the wind supply branch pipe is communicated with the inside of the regulation and control area, a second valve is arranged on the wind supply branch pipe, and the flow in the wind supply branch pipe can be adjusted through the second valve.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity monitoring unit comprises an ultrasonic water mist humidifier and a three-point temperature probe which are arranged in each regulation and control area, and the temperature detection end of the three-point temperature probe is inserted into the inner side of the material to detect the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the material.
Preferably, the air temperature control chamber is internally provided with a refrigerant water meter cooler for cooling air and a steam cooling fin for heating air; the refrigerant water meter cooler is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water return pipe; and the steam radiating fins are connected with steam inlet pipes and steam outlet pipes.
Preferably, the air supply pipeline is provided with a steam spray humidifier, an air inlet pipe temperature probe and an air inlet pipe humidity probe; the steam spray humidifier, the air inlet pipe temperature probe and the air inlet pipe humidity probe are positioned between the centrifugal fan and the air control pipe fitting; a first steam branch pipe is connected between the steam spray humidifier and the steam inlet pipe, and a third valve is arranged on the first steam branch pipe.
Preferably, the heat preservation unit comprises a coil pipe arranged in the heat preservation room box bed, a second steam branch pipe is connected between the coil pipe and the steam inlet pipe, and a fourth valve is arranged on the second steam branch pipe.
Preferably, a plurality of air exhaust pipe fittings are arranged at intervals, each air exhaust pipe fitting comprises an air exhaust branch pipe, one end of each air exhaust branch pipe is communicated with the inside of the heat preservation room box bed, the other end of each air exhaust branch pipe is communicated with the return air pipeline, a fifth valve is arranged on each air exhaust branch pipe, and a return air pipe temperature probe is arranged on each return air pipeline.
A saccharification bacterium culture process comprises the following steps:
step one, putting saccharification culture bacteria into a box: cooling cooked sorghum grain after cooking and gelatinization by a spreading cooling machine, adding Xiaoqu with the weight of 0.8-1.3% of that of dry sorghum grain, uniformly mixing, conveying into a box bed of a heat preservation room through a movable plate chain, and controlling the temperature of entering the box to be 24-27 ℃; respectively paving a layer of chaff on the surface layer and the bottom of the material by using a chaff machine in the box-entering process, wherein the total weight of the chaff is 4-6% of the weight of the sorghum dry grain; controlling the total thickness of the materials and the chaff to be 35-40 cm;
step two, standing and cultivating: after the materials are placed into the box, inserting a plurality of three-point temperature probes into the saccharified materials to monitor the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of each material, and displaying the temperature data of the three-point temperature probes in real time on site; opening the ultrasonic water mist humidifier inside the insulated house bed, setting the humidifier to be in an automatic mode, and controlling the humidity inside the insulated house bed to be 80-85% RH in real time; closing the door of the heat preservation room box bed to form a heat preservation room space inside the heat preservation room box bed, and starting standing for saccharification and cultivation; the steam coil pipe at the lower part of the movable plate chain is selectively opened or closed according to the requirement for heat preservation;
step three, (3) ventilating and controlling temperature: after standing and cultivating the bacteria, the temperature of the materials is gradually increased, when the saccharification cultivation time is up to 17-19 hours and the temperature is increased to about 32 ℃, the ultrasonic water mist humidifier is closed, the air temperature regulation and control chamber matched with the saccharification bed is opened, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 35-45 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 55-65% RH, the materials are continuously cooled by adopting a circulating ventilation mode of air inlet at the upper part and air exhaust at the lower part of a box bed of the heat preservation room, and the air temperature regulation and control chamber is closed to stop cooling until the temperatures of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the materials at all positions are reduced to about 27-29 ℃;
step four, (4) secondary standing and bacterium cultivation: after ventilation and temperature control are finished, opening the ultrasonic water mist humidifier inside the box bed of the heat preservation room again, setting the mode as an automatic mode, controlling the humidity inside the saccharification bed to be 80-85% RH in real time, and allowing the material to stand for the second time, cultivate, heat up and discharge from the box;
step five, discharging the box: when the temperature of the materials rises to 32-34 ℃ again, the materials smell strong aroma, taste sweet and the grains in each area in the box bed come into the box uniformly, the materials are taken out of the box and then are subjected to the subsequent grain and grain mixed fermentation and distillation processes.
Preferably, in the third step, before circulating ventilation and temperature control, the second valve and the fifth valve in each regulation and control area are closed; opening the first valve, opening the centrifugal fan, controlling the inlet air to the required temperature and humidity through the refrigerant water cooler or the steam cooling fin and the steam spray humidifier on the air supply pipeline, then opening the second valve and the fifth valve, closing the first valve, and cooling the material by adopting the circulating ventilation mode of inlet air at the upper part of the heat preservation room box bed and exhaust air at the lower part.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a solid-state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification bacteria culture device, which is characterized in that materials can enter the inner side of a heat preservation room box bed through a heat preservation room box bed, an air temperature regulation and control chamber and a movable plate chain, in the saccharification bacteria culture process, the temperature and the humidity of circulating air can be regulated and controlled through structures such as an air supply pipeline, an air return pipeline, an air control pipe fitting, an air exhaust pipe fitting, a first valve, a steam spray humidifier and the like, and the regulated and controlled air enters the inner side of the heat preservation room box bed through an air exhaust branch pipe to work. Here, the division board through setting up separates the heat preservation room box bed inboard for the regulation and control region of a plurality of differences, sets up humiture monitoring unit and wind-operated pipe fitting alone in each regulation and control region, can realize regulating and controlling alone in each regulation and control region, and then carries out segmentation monitoring temperature and humidity with the material, and based on the temperature humidity of different sections of materials, through the branch accuse pipe fitting control air feed volume, can realize high accuracy control. Further stabilizing the opening temperature of the saccharification culture bacteria, so that the material is stably controlled at 32-34 ℃, and the opening reducing sugar is controlled within the standard range of the tender box.
The invention also provides a saccharification cultivation process, which obviously reduces the box opening temperature of the saccharification cultivation, is stably controlled at 32-34 ℃, and controls the box opening reducing sugar within the standard range of a tender box. In addition, the wine yield of the saccharified material fermented wine prepared by adopting the technical scheme is obviously increased by 1.96 percent, the content of defective components, namely n-propanol and fusel oil, in the raw wine is respectively and obviously reduced by 45 percent and 28 percent, and the wine quality and the wine yield are obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a saccharification bacteria culture device for solid Xiaoqu liquor of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sudden air temperature regulation and control chamber in the solid-state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification and cultivation equipment.
In the drawings, the reference numbers:
100. a box bed of the insulated house; 110. a wind-control pipe fitting; 111. a wind supply branch pipe; 112. a second valve; 120. a temperature and humidity monitoring unit; 121. an ultrasonic water mist humidifier; 122. a three-point temperature probe; 130. a heat preservation unit; 131. a coil pipe; 132. a second steam branch pipe; 133. a fourth valve; 140. an exhaust pipe fitting; 141. an exhaust branch pipe; 142. a fifth valve; 150. a partition plate; 160. a regulatory region;
200. a wind temperature control room; 210. an air supply duct; 211. a steam spray humidifier; 212. an air inlet pipe temperature probe; 213. an air inlet pipe humidity probe; 214. a first steam branch pipe; 215. a third valve; 220. a return air duct; 221. a return air duct temperature probe; 230. a first valve; 240. a centrifugal fan; 250. a refrigerant water cooler; 251. a water inlet pipe; 252. a water return pipe; 260. a steam heat sink; 261. a steam inlet pipe; 262. a steam outlet pipe; 300. the plate link chain can be moved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a saccharification and cultivation device for solid Xiaoqu liquor, which comprises a heat preservation room box bed 100 for providing a material saccharification place, wherein an air temperature regulation and control room 200 is arranged on one side of the heat preservation room box bed 100, and the air temperature regulation and control room is arranged on the other side of the heat preservation room box bed 100; a movable plate chain 300 for placing materials is horizontally arranged in the insulated room box bed 100, and the movable plate chain 300 penetrates through the insulated room box bed 100 and divides the inner side of the insulated room box bed 100 into an upper layer and a lower layer. The air supply end of the air temperature control room 200 is connected with an air supply pipeline 210, the air return end of the air temperature control room 200 is connected with an air return pipeline 220, and the air supply pipeline 210 and the air return pipeline 220 are connected through a first valve 230; a centrifugal fan 240 is arranged on the air supply pipeline 210, an air control pipe 110 and a temperature and humidity monitoring unit 120 are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed 100 and on the upper side of the movable plate link 300, and the air control pipe 110 is connected with the air supply pipeline 210; the heat preservation unit 130 and the exhaust pipe 140 are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed 100 and on the lower side of the movable plate chain 300, and the exhaust pipe 140 is connected with the return air pipeline 220.
The wind control pipe 110 includes a wind supply branch pipe 111, one end of the wind supply branch pipe 111 is connected to the wind supply pipeline 210, the other end is connected to the regulation area 160, a second valve 112 is disposed on the wind supply branch pipe 111, and the second valve 112 can regulate the flow rate in the wind supply branch pipe 111.
The temperature and humidity monitoring unit 120 comprises an ultrasonic water mist humidifier 121 and a three-point temperature probe 122 which are arranged in each regulation and control area 160, and the temperature detection end of the three-point temperature probe 122 is inserted into the inner side of the material to detect the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the material.
The air temperature control room 200 is internally provided with a refrigerant water cooler 250 for cooling air and a steam cooling fin 260 for heating air; the refrigerant water cooler 250 is connected with a water inlet pipe 251 and a water return pipe 252; the steam radiating fin 260 is connected with a steam inlet pipe 261 and a steam outlet pipe 262.
The air supply pipeline 210 is provided with a steam spray humidifier 211, an air inlet pipe temperature probe 212 and an air inlet pipe humidity probe 213; the steam spray humidifier 211, the air inlet pipe temperature probe 212 and the air inlet pipe humidity probe 213 are positioned between the centrifugal fan 240 and the air control pipe 110; a first steam branch pipe 214 is connected between the steam spray humidifier 211 and the steam inlet pipe 261, and a third valve 215 is disposed on the first steam branch pipe 214.
The thermal insulation unit 130 comprises a coil 131 arranged in the thermal insulation room box bed 100, a second steam branch pipe 132 is connected between the coil 131 and the steam inlet pipe 261, and a fourth valve 133 is arranged on the second steam branch pipe 132.
The exhaust pipe fittings 140 are arranged at intervals, each exhaust pipe fitting 140 comprises an exhaust branch pipe 141, one end of each exhaust branch pipe 141 is communicated with the interior of the heat preservation room box bed 100, the other end of each exhaust branch pipe 141 is communicated with an air return pipeline 220, a fifth valve 142 is arranged on each exhaust branch pipe 141, and an air return pipe temperature probe 221 is arranged on each air return pipeline 220.
This embodiment is through the heat preservation room box bed 100 that sets up, wind temperature regulation and control room 200 and portable plate link 300, in saccharification fungus culture in-process, can supply the material to enter into heat preservation room box bed 100 inboard through portable plate link 300, through air supply pipeline 210, return air pipeline 220, wind accuse pipe fitting 110, exhaust pipe fitting 140, first valve 230, structures such as steam spray humidifier 211 can realize regulating and controlling the temperature, the humidity of circulated air, the wind after the regulation and control enters into heat preservation room box bed 100 inboard through exhaust branch 141 and carries out work. Here, the partition plate 150 through setting up separates the heat preservation room box bed 100 inboard for the regulation and control region 160 of a plurality of differences, sets up humiture monitoring unit 120 and wind accuse pipe fitting 110 alone in each regulation and control region 160, can realize regulating and controlling alone in each regulation and control region 160, and then carries out segmentation monitoring temperature and humidity with the material, based on the temperature humidity of different sections of materials, through the branch accuse pipe fitting control air feed volume, can realize high accuracy control. Further stabilizing the opening temperature of the saccharification culture bacteria, so that the material is stably controlled at 32-34 ℃, and the opening reducing sugar is controlled within the standard range of the tender box.
Example 2
A saccharification cultivation process, which uses the solid state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification cultivation equipment in embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
step one, putting saccharification culture bacteria into a box: cooling cooked sorghum grain after cooking and gelatinization by a spreading and cooling machine, adding Xiaoqu with the weight of 0.8-1.3% of that of dry sorghum grain, uniformly mixing, conveying into a heat preservation room box bed 100 through a movable plate chain 300, and controlling the temperature of putting into a box to be 24-27 ℃; respectively paving a layer of chaff on the surface layer and the bottom of the material by using a chaff machine in the box-entering process, wherein the total weight of the chaff is 4-6% of the weight of the sorghum dry grain; the total thickness of the material and the chaff is controlled to be 35-40 cm.
Step two, standing and cultivating: after the materials are placed into the box, inserting a plurality of three-point temperature probes 122 into the saccharified materials to monitor the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of each material, and displaying the temperature data of the three-point temperature probes 122 on site in real time; opening the ultrasonic water mist humidifier 121 in the insulated house box bed 100, setting the mode to be automatic, and controlling the humidity in the insulated house box bed 100 to be 80-85% RH in real time; closing the door of the insulated room box bed 100 to form an insulated room space in the insulated room box bed 100, and starting standing for saccharification and cultivation; the lower steam coil 131 of the movable plate chain 300 is selectively opened or closed to keep the temperature according to the requirement.
Step three, (3) ventilating and controlling temperature: after standing and cultivating the bacteria, the temperature of the materials is gradually increased, when the saccharification cultivation time is up to 17-19 hours and the temperature is increased to about 32 ℃, the ultrasonic water mist humidifier 121 is closed, the air temperature regulating and controlling chamber 200 matched with the saccharification bed is opened, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 35-45 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 55% -65% RH, the materials are continuously cooled by adopting a circulating ventilation mode of air inlet at the upper part and air exhaust at the lower part of the heat preservation chamber bed 100, and the air temperature regulating and controlling chamber 200 is closed to stop cooling until the temperatures of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the materials are reduced to about 27-29 ℃.
Step four, (4) secondary standing and bacterium cultivation: after ventilation and temperature control are finished, opening the ultrasonic water mist humidifier 121 in the heat preservation room box bed 100 again, setting the mode as an automatic mode, controlling the internal humidity of the saccharification bed to be 80-85% RH in real time, and allowing the material to stand for the second time, cultivate, heat up and discharge from the box;
step five, discharging the box: when the temperature of the materials rises to 32-34 ℃ again, the materials smell strong aroma, taste sweet and the grains in each area in the box bed come into the box uniformly, the materials are taken out of the box and then are subjected to the subsequent grain and grain mixed fermentation and distillation processes.
In the third step, before the temperature control of the circulating ventilation, the second valve 112 and the fifth valve 142 in each regulation area 160 are closed; the first valve 230 is opened, the centrifugal fan 240 is started, the air is firstly controlled to the required temperature and humidity through the refrigerant water cooler 250 or the steam radiating fin 260 and the steam spray humidifier 211 on the air supply pipeline 210, then the second valve 112 and the fifth valve 142 are opened, the first valve 230 is closed, and the materials are cooled by adopting the circulating ventilation mode of air inlet at the upper part and air exhaust at the lower part of the heat preservation room box bed 100.
Preferably, in the third step, the wind direction of the wind entering the upper part of the insulated room box bed 100 should be vertical to the surface of the material, and the circulating aeration cooling time period should not exceed 60 minutes.
Comparative examples
The comparative example of the invention provides a traditional standing saccharification cultivation process for solid-state Xiaoqu liquor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Saccharifying and cultivating bacteria into a box: cooling cooked sorghum grain after cooking and gelatinization by a spreading and cooling machine, adding Xiaoqu with the weight of 0.8-1.3% of that of dry sorghum grain, uniformly mixing, conveying into a saccharification box bed through a conveying plate chain, and controlling the temperature of entering the box to be 24-27 ℃. Respectively paving a layer of chaff on the surface layer and the bottom of the material by using a chaff machine in the box entering process, wherein the total weight of the chaff is 4-6% of the weight of the sorghum dried grain; the total thickness of the material and the chaff is controlled to be 35-40 cm.
(2) Standing and cultivating: after the materials are placed into the box, a plurality of three-point temperature probes 122 are inserted into the saccharified materials to monitor the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of each material, and the temperature data of the three-point temperature probes 122 are displayed on site in real time. And closing the in-and-out door of the box bed to form a space of a heat preservation room inside the box bed, and starting standing for saccharification and cultivation. In winter, the steam coil 131 at the lower part of the movable plate chain of the saccharification bed can be opened as required for heat preservation.
(3) Discharging: when the saccharification time reaches 23-25 hours, the saccharified material smells rich yeast fragrance, tastes sweet taste, and the grains in each area in the box bed come into the box uniformly, and then the grain is taken out of the box and subjected to subsequent grain and grain mixed fermentation and distillation processes.
Based on the above example 2 and comparative example, the following table 1 is provided.
Table 1 shows the saccharification effect and the wine yield and the wine quality of the wine of the example 2 of the invention and the comparative example:
| test examples | Open box temperature/. Degree C | Open box reducing sugar/%) | Alcohol yield/%) | N-propanol (g/l) | Fusel oil (g/l) |
| Example 2 | 32.9±1.1 | 1.54±0.16 | 62.61±1.40 | 0.56±0.21 | 1.05±0.17 |
| Comparative example | 39.6±1.7 | 2.97±0.49 | 60.65±2.13 | 1.02±0.19 | 1.46±0.15 |
| Compared with the variation amplitude of the comparative example | -6.7 | -1.43 | +1.96 | -45.10% | -28.08% |
As can be seen from the table 1, compared with the traditional standing saccharification culture, the saccharification culture process of the solid-state Xiaoqu liquor provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the box opening temperature of the saccharification culture is obviously reduced, and the box opening reducing sugar is controlled within the standard range of a tender box. In addition, the wine yield of the saccharified material fermented wine prepared by adopting the technical scheme is obviously increased by 1.96 percent, the content of defective components, namely n-propanol and fusel oil, in the raw wine is respectively and obviously reduced by 45 percent and 28 percent, and the wine quality and the wine yield are obviously improved.
In the comparative data, the alcohol yield was a value obtained by converting the alcohol content to 55 °, and the alcohol contents of n-propanol and fusel oil were values obtained by converting the alcohol content to 100 °.
It should be noted that n-propanol and fusel oil in the solid Xiaoqu liquor are important factors affecting the product quality.
Influence of n-propanol: the n-propanol is an important component of high-grade alcohol in the white spirit, and the proper amount of n-propanol can make the wine body mellow and sweet and have prominent flavor, can set off the ester fragrance of the wine body, but too high content can cause the wine body to be spicy and bitter, and can make people easily get drunk.
Effect of fusel oil: the fusel oil is also called as higher alcohol, and the main components are isobutanol, isoamylol, amyl alcohol and propanol, wherein the isobutanol and the isoamylol have the highest toxicity and are mainly shown as upper head and dry mouth. Fusel oil has special strong pungent smell, causes white spirit to become spicy and bitter due to excessive content, brings adverse effects to the white spirit, has harmful effects to human bodies, has stronger toxicity and anesthetic action than ethanol, can cause congestion of nervous systems and headache of people, increases toxicity along with increase of molecular weight, has slower oxidation speed than ethanol in vivo and long retention time, and causes the white spirit to be dry in head and mouth.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the saccharification and cultivation equipment for the solid-state Xiaoqu liquor and the saccharification and cultivation process thereof obviously reduce the box opening temperature of the saccharification and cultivation, are stably controlled at 32-34 ℃, and control the box opening reducing sugar in the standard range of a tender box. In addition, the wine yield of the saccharified material fermented wine prepared by adopting the technical scheme is obviously increased by 1.96 percent, the content of defective components, namely n-propanol and fusel oil, in the raw wine is respectively and obviously reduced by 45 percent and 28 percent, and the wine quality and the wine yield are obviously improved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a solid-state xiaoqu white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment which characterized in that: the device comprises a heat preservation room box bed (100) for providing a material saccharification place, wherein a wind temperature regulation and control chamber (200) is arranged on one side of the heat preservation room box bed (100);
a movable plate chain (300) for placing materials is horizontally arranged in the heat preservation room box bed (100), and the movable plate chain (300) penetrates through the heat preservation room box bed (100) and divides the inner side of the heat preservation room box bed (100) into an upper layer and a lower layer;
the air supply end of the air temperature control room (200) is connected with an air supply pipeline (210), the air return end of the air temperature control room (200) is connected with an air return pipeline (220), and the air supply pipeline (210) is connected with the air return pipeline (220) through a first valve (230);
a centrifugal fan (240) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (210), an air control pipe (110) and a temperature and humidity monitoring unit (120) are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed (100) and positioned on the upper side of the movable plate link (300), and the air control pipe (110) is connected with the air supply pipeline (210);
and a heat preservation unit (130) and an exhaust pipe fitting (140) are arranged in the heat preservation room box bed (100) and positioned on the lower side of the movable plate link (300), and the exhaust pipe fitting (140) is connected with the return air pipeline (220).
2. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 1, wherein: a partition plate (150) is arranged on the inner side of the insulated building box bed (100) and above the movable plate chain (300), the partition plate (150) is vertically arranged, and a plurality of partition plates (150) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the partition plate (150) is positioned on the upper side of the material; the upper side of the insulated room box bed (100) is divided into a plurality of independent regulating and controlling areas (160) by the plurality of partition plates (150);
the inner side of each regulating area (160) is provided with the wind control pipe fitting (110) and the temperature and humidity monitoring unit (120) respectively.
3. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 2, characterized in that: wind accuse pipe fitting (110) are including air feed branch pipe (111), air feed branch pipe (111) one end intercommunication air feed pipeline (210), the other end intercommunication in regulation and control region (160) be provided with second valve (112) on air feed branch pipe (111), second valve (112) are adjustable flow in air feed branch pipe (111).
4. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature and humidity monitoring unit (120) comprises an ultrasonic water mist humidifier (121) and three-point temperature probes (122) which are arranged in each regulation area (160), wherein the temperature detection ends of the three-point temperature probes (122) are inserted into the inner side of the material to detect the temperatures of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the material.
5. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 1, wherein: the air temperature regulation and control chamber (200) is internally provided with a refrigerant water meter cooler (250) for cooling air and a steam radiating fin (260) for heating air;
the refrigerant water meter cooler (250) is connected with a water inlet pipe (251) and a water return pipe (252); the steam radiating fin (260) is connected with a steam inlet pipe (261) and a steam outlet pipe (262).
6. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 5, wherein: the air supply pipeline (210) is provided with a steam spray humidifier (211), an air inlet pipe temperature probe (212) and an air inlet pipe humidity probe (213); the steam spray humidifier (211), the air inlet pipe temperature probe (212) and the air inlet pipe humidity probe (213) are positioned between the centrifugal fan (240) and the air control pipe fitting (110);
a first steam branch pipe (214) is connected between the steam spray humidifier (211) and the steam inlet pipe (261), and a third valve (215) is arranged on the first steam branch pipe (214).
7. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 5, wherein: the heat preservation unit (130) comprises a coil pipe (131) arranged in the heat preservation room box bed (100), a second steam branch pipe (132) is connected between the coil pipe (131) and the steam inlet pipe (261), and a fourth valve (133) is arranged on the second steam branch pipe (132).
8. The solid-state koji white spirit saccharification fungus culture equipment of claim 1, wherein: the exhaust pipe fittings (140) are arranged at intervals, the exhaust pipe fittings (140) comprise exhaust branch pipes (141), one ends of the exhaust branch pipes (141) are communicated with the interior of the heat preservation room box bed (100), the other ends of the exhaust branch pipes are communicated with the air return pipeline (220), fifth valves (142) are arranged on the exhaust branch pipes (141), and air return pipe temperature probes (221) are arranged on the air return pipeline (220).
9. A saccharification cultivation process, which uses the solid state Xiaoqu liquor saccharification cultivation equipment of any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, putting saccharification culture bacteria into a box: cooling cooked sorghum grain after being cooked and gelatinized by a spreading cooling machine, adding Xiaoqu which is 0.8-1.3% of the weight of dry sorghum grain, uniformly mixing, conveying into a box bed (100) of a heat preservation room through a movable plate chain (300), and controlling the box entering temperature to be 24-27 ℃; respectively paving a layer of chaff on the surface layer and the bottom of the material by using a chaff machine in the box-entering process, wherein the total weight of the chaff is 4-6% of the weight of the sorghum dry grain; controlling the total thickness of the materials and the chaff to be 35-40 cm;
step two, standing and cultivating: after the materials are placed into the box, inserting a plurality of three-point temperature probes (122) into the saccharified materials to monitor the temperature of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of each material, and displaying the temperature data of the three-point temperature probes (122) on site in real time; opening an ultrasonic water mist humidifier (121) in the heat preservation room box bed (100), setting the mode to be an automatic mode, and controlling the humidity in the heat preservation room box bed (100) to be 80-85% RH in real time; closing the door of the box bed (100) of the heat preservation room to form a space of the heat preservation room in the box bed (100) of the heat preservation room, and starting standing for saccharification and cultivation; the steam coil pipe (131) at the lower part of the movable plate chain (300) is selectively opened or closed according to the requirement for heat preservation;
step three, ventilating and controlling temperature: after standing and cultivating the bacteria, the temperature of the materials is gradually increased, when the saccharification and cultivation time reaches 17-19 hours and the temperature is increased to about 32 ℃, the ultrasonic water mist humidifier (121) is closed, the air temperature regulation and control chamber (200) matched with the saccharification bed is started, the air inlet temperature is controlled to be 35-45 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 55-65 RH, the materials are continuously cooled by adopting a circulating ventilation mode of air inlet at the upper part and air exhaust at the lower part of the insulation house box bed (100), and the air temperature regulation and control chamber (200) is closed to stop cooling until the temperatures of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the materials at all positions are reduced to about 27-29 ℃;
step four, secondary standing and bacterium cultivation: after ventilation and temperature control are finished, opening the ultrasonic water mist humidifier (121) in the heat preservation room box bed (100) again, setting the mode as an automatic mode, controlling the humidity in the saccharification bed to be 80-85% RH in real time, and allowing the material to stand for the second time, cultivate bacteria and heat up until the material is taken out of the box;
step five, discharging the box: when the temperature of the materials rises to 32-34 ℃ again, the materials smell strong aroma, taste sweet and the grains in each area in the box bed come into the box uniformly, the materials are taken out of the box and then are subjected to the subsequent grain and grain mixed fermentation and distillation processes.
10. The saccharification bacteria culture process of claim 9, wherein: in the third step, before circulating ventilation and temperature control, the second valve (112) and the fifth valve (142) in each regulation and control area (160) are closed;
the method comprises the steps of opening a first valve (230), starting a centrifugal fan (240), controlling inlet air to be at a required temperature and humidity through a refrigerant water meter cooler (250) or a steam cooling fin (260) and a steam spray humidifier (211) on an air supply pipeline (210), then opening a second valve (112) and a fifth valve (142), closing the first valve (230), and cooling materials by adopting a circulating ventilation mode of inlet air at the upper part and exhaust air at the lower part of a box bed (100) of the insulated building.
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| CN102972233A (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2013-03-20 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Industrialized production straw mushroom house |
| KR20140089747A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-07-16 | 서울장수주식회사 | Koji machine apparatus |
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