CN115947515A - Livestock and poultry manure water treatment method and system - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry manure water treatment method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115947515A CN115947515A CN202310243901.2A CN202310243901A CN115947515A CN 115947515 A CN115947515 A CN 115947515A CN 202310243901 A CN202310243901 A CN 202310243901A CN 115947515 A CN115947515 A CN 115947515A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for treating livestock manure water, wherein the system comprises a sedimentation tank, a first anaerobic tank, a second anaerobic tank, a microorganism backflow tank and an aerobic tank, wherein magnesium salt modified biochar is arranged in the second anaerobic fermentation tank and is used as a filler, and a plug flow device is arranged in the second anaerobic fermentation tank; the processing method comprises the following steps: s1, precipitating liquid dung, and separating concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung, wherein the concentration of TS (sulfur transfer) of the dilute liquid dung is less than or equal to 1%; s2, fermenting the concentrated liquid dung by using anaerobic sludge to generate biogas, and collecting the biogas slurry and the sludge to a microorganism backflow pool; s3, inoculating part of biogas slurry in the step S2 into dilute manure water in a second anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas; s4, carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated after the fermentation of the dilute fecal water and the residual of the concentrated fecal water. According to the invention, based on the separation of the concentrate and the concentrate, magnesium salt modified carbon is used as a filler, concentrated liquid dung and biogas slurry are used as inoculation liquid, and the fermentation is carried out on the dilute liquid dung, so that the gas yield, the methane content and the treatment effect of subsequent aerobic treatment can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method and a system for treating livestock manure water.
Background
In a large-scale farm, because the farm needs to be cleaned frequently, a large amount of low-concentration liquid dung can be generated, because the water consumption is large, the liquid dung concentration is low, and the liquid dung cannot be directly used for fermentation to generate methane, at present, a physical precipitation method is adopted to divide the liquid dung into concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung, for example, a Chinese patent with the publication number of CN101823806B discloses a method for treating the liquid dung and the sewage of the pig farm based on concentrated-dilute separation, wherein the liquid dung concentration is low, so that the gas production is low, the liquid dung is precipitated and separated, and high-concentration liquid dung and low-concentration liquid dung are treated separately, for example, a utility model with the publication number of CN204039226U applied by the company discloses an anaerobic fermentation system capable of improving the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of low-concentration materials, the same problem is also mentioned, and the liquid dung treatment is carried out by using a concentrated-dilute separation mode, but the low-concentration liquid dung is low.
Meanwhile, for low-concentration liquid dung, because of large water amount, low nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient content and low biogas liquid utilization value, the biogas liquid is difficult to return to the field and is difficult to utilize, and the low-concentration liquid dung is discharged after reaching the standard only through aftertreatment. On the other hand, for pig farm fecal sewage with high nitrogen and higher COD, after anaerobic digestion, most of COD is degraded, but nitrogen is not removed basically. As a result, the effluent is anaerobically digested to form high-nitrogen and low-carbon wastewater. If aerobic post-treatment is carried out on the high-nitrogen low-carbon piggery wastewater anaerobic digestion effluent, the effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for treating livestock manure water;
a livestock manure water treatment system comprises a sedimentation tank, wherein liquid manure is separated into concentrated liquid manure and dilute liquid manure, and TS of the dilute liquid manure is less than or equal to 1%; the sedimentation tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks, a sludge layer is arranged in the first anaerobic tank, the first anaerobic tank is used for receiving concentrated liquid dung, and the second anaerobic tank is used for receiving dilute liquid dung; a filler is arranged in the second anaerobic tank, the filler is magnesium salt modified biochar, and meanwhile, plug flow equipment is arranged in the second anaerobic tank; the microorganism backflow tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks and is used for recovering the sludge and the biogas slurry in the first anaerobic tank and conveying part of the biogas slurry to the second anaerobic tank; and the aerobic tank is communicated with the second anaerobic tank and is used for carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated by the second anaerobic tank.
Wherein the filler accounts for 10-20% of the volume of the dilute manure water.
Wherein the carrier of the magnesium salt modified charcoal is corncob charcoal.
Wherein, the aerobic tank is communicated with the microorganism reflux tank.
A method for treating livestock manure water, comprising the steps of:
s1, precipitating liquid dung and then separating concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung;
s2, fermenting the concentrated liquid dung by using anaerobic sludge to generate biogas, and collecting the biogas slurry;
s3, inoculating part of biogas slurry in the step S2 into dilute fecal water to perform anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas;
s4, carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated after the fermentation of the dilute fecal water and the residual of the concentrated fecal water.
Wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.5 during the fermentation process.
Wherein the inoculation amount of the biogas slurry in the step S3 is 5-10% of the amount of the dilute manure.
Wherein the residual part of the concentrated liquid dung biogas slurry which is not used for inoculation is residual biogas slurry; and in the step S4, mixing the fermented biogas slurry of the washing liquid with part or all of the rest biogas slurry, and then carrying out aerobic treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. on the basis of concentrated and dilute separation, magnesium salt modified carbon is arranged as a filler, concentrated liquid dung and biogas slurry are used as inoculation liquid, and dilute liquid dung is fermented, so that the gas yield, the methane content and the treatment effect of subsequent aerobic treatment can be improved;
2. through mixing part or all of the concentrated liquid dung residual biogas slurry and the dilute liquid dung biogas slurry and then carrying out aerobic treatment, the treatment effect is better, meanwhile, the problem of treatment of part or all of the concentrated liquid dung residual biogas slurry can be solved, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
1. Processing system
The method comprises the following steps:
the sedimentation tank separates the liquid dung into concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung through physical sedimentation, TS of the dilute liquid dung is less than or equal to 1 percent, TS of the concentrated liquid dung is more than 4 percent, and the sedimentation tank is also used for storing redundant liquid dung;
the device comprises a first anaerobic tank and a second anaerobic tank, wherein the two anaerobic tanks are used for carrying out anaerobic fermentation on liquid dung, a sedimentation tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks, and a sludge layer, namely activated sludge, is arranged in the first anaerobic tank and is used for inoculation; the first anaerobic tank is used for receiving the concentrated liquid dung, the first anaerobic tank generates biogas by adopting a conventional anaerobic fermentation mode, and the second anaerobic tank is used for receiving the dilute liquid dung;
a filler is arranged in the second anaerobic tank, the filler is magnesium salt modified biochar taking corncob carbon as a carrier, the volume of the filler accounts for 10-20% of the volume of the dilute manure water, and the biochar is a spheroidal filler with the diameter of 0.5-1 cm;
the method for modifying the biochar is mature, and the mode used in the application is that corncob charcoal purchased from West county in Hebei is used, 10 weight units of corncob charcoal are weighed, and the mass ratio of magnesium ions to biochar is 10:0.5, dissolving magnesium chloride hexahydrate in water, dissolving biochar in magnesium chloride solution, soaking for 3 hours, stirring at 110 ℃, heating for drying, treating for 3 hours at 550 ℃ without oxygen after drying, cleaning, drying and sieving to obtain the modified biochar.
The microorganism backflow tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks and is used for recovering sludge and biogas slurry in the first anaerobic tank and conveying part of biogas slurry to the second anaerobic tank to serve as an inoculum; the recovered sludge is used as an inoculum of the first anaerobic tank, and a part of biogas slurry is used as an inoculum of the second anaerobic tank.
And the aerobic tank is used for carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated by the second anaerobic tank, and the removal rate of TKN and COD is measured by measuring the water inlet and outlet data of the aerobic tank.
2. Processing method
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, precipitating liquid dung and then separating concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung;
s2, enabling the concentrated liquid dung to enter a first anaerobic tank for anaerobic sludge fermentation to generate biogas, collecting partial biogas slurry and sludge and recycling the biogas slurry and sludge into a microbial reflux tank, wherein the concentrated liquid dung in the first anaerobic tank is fermented into conventional anaerobic fermentation, so that the concentrated liquid dung is not explained in detail;
s3, inoculating the biogas slurry obtained in the step S2 into dilute manure water to perform anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.5 in the fermentation process, and the inoculation amount of the biogas slurry is 5% -10% of the amount of the dilute manure water;
s4, carrying out aerobic treatment on the wastewater generated after the fermentation of the dilute manure water, and further removing nitrogen and COD.
In the comparative examples of the following examples, a total volume of 150L was used in the anaerobic tanks, and the first anaerobic tank used conventional anaerobic fermentation technology.
In this application, an anaerobic tank is equivalent to an anaerobic fermenter.
In each of the following examples, the dilute dung water is obtained by precipitation separation of dung water, three parallel tests are adopted in each group of tests, and the data are averaged;
the TS concentration measurement adopts a drying load method, the gas production, the methane content, the TKN and the COD test methods are very mature, for example, the gas production adopts a hydraulic pressure gas collection method, the methane content adopts a chromatographic analyzer, and the like.
3. Treatment effect on dilute manure water
In the part, the sludge is taken from activated sludge in a pig plant treatment system of the company, and the liquid dung is used for washing the cultivation of the pig farm, compared with the difference disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN101823806B, the difference is that the washing liquid dung of the pig farm can be washed again by taking the supernatant after primary precipitation and then washing the supernatant again by using a small amount of clear water for the second time so as to save resources, so that the liquid dung of the pig farm has higher concentration, but large scale and large water flow, the liquid dung obtained by washing does not precipitate for a long time, and the concentration TS of the dilute liquid dung after general precipitation separation is about 1%;
example one
The TS concentration of the dilute liquid dung is 1 percent, and the constant temperature of the fermentation temperature is kept at 35 ℃ by using temperature control equipment;
sending 100L of dilute liquid dung into a second anaerobic tank for anaerobic fermentation, arranging a stirring device in the second anaerobic tank at 40rpm, adding 10L of magnesium salt modified biochar, starting stirring, controlling the pH value to be 6.5-7.5 by a sodium hydroxide solution, starting fermentation, and measuring the total gas production amount to be 112L and the methane content to be 51.7% on the 30 th day.
And (3) feeding the wastewater fermented in the second anaerobic tank into an aerobic tank for aerobic treatment, precipitating and discharging a water phase, and detecting the water phase to obtain 68.7 percent of COD removal rate and 79 percent of TKN removal rate.
The aerobic treatment adopts SBR process, the sludge content is 4000mg/L, the dissolved oxygen OD value is 4mg/L, the time is 8h, and the temperature is 25 ℃.
Example two
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment I is that the TS concentration of the dilute liquid manure is 0.5%, the inoculation amount of the biogas slurry is 5L, the total gas production amount is 58L, the methane content is 52.2%, the COD removal rate is 66.4%, and the TKN removal rate is 80.4%.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the first example is that the filler is corncob charcoal, the total gas production amount is 82L, the methane content is 46.9%, the COD removal rate is 23.1%, and the TKN removal rate is 33.8%.
Comparative example No. two
The comparative example differs from example one in that the TS concentration of the dilute manure water was raised to 2%.
The total gas production amount is 142L, and the methane content is 43.5%.
The COD removal rate is 60.8%, and the TKN removal rate is 67.4%.
From the above data point of view;
examples I and II show that under the condition that the TS concentration is less than or equal to 1% at the medium temperature, the scheme provided by the application can obtain higher gas production, methane content and wastewater treatment capacity, when the TS concentration is adjusted to 0.5%, the gas production is also basically half of that of example I, and the removal rates of COD and TNK are basically consistent, it needs to be noted that because the biogas slurry is used as inoculation in the second anaerobic tank and sludge is not arranged, the implantation points of bacteria are basically the inner and outer surfaces of the filler, and because the fermentation time is set to be about one month and the total gas production rate is tested, the inoculation amount of the biogas slurry is not important, and as can be seen from examples I and II, 5% -10% of the total gas production rate can be obtained;
it can be seen from the comparison between the first embodiment and the first comparative example that when the filler is changed into the conventional corncob biochar, the gas yield and the methane content are slightly reduced, but the pollutant removal rate after aerobic treatment of the biogas slurry is obviously reduced, and the principle is presumed that the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the biogas slurry is adjusted after the magnesium salt modified carbon adsorbs nitrogen, but the conventional biochar does not have the function or the adsorption strength is not enough, so that the biogas slurry is still high-nitrogen low-carbon wastewater as disclosed in the patent publication No. CN 101823806B.
As can be seen from comparison between the first example and the second comparative example, after the TS concentration is increased, it is found that the gas yield is not significantly increased, the methane content is lower, but the aerobic treatment efficiency is higher, and the principle thereof is presumed that anaerobic fermentation is incomplete, the gas yield is low, but the COD consumption is incomplete, so that a sufficient carbon source still exists in the aerobic stage, so that the aerobic treatment efficiency is higher, and therefore, the magnesium salt modified carbon as a filler can only treat dilute manure water with the TS concentration of less than 1% under the medium temperature condition.
In addition, the applicant has tested the amount of the filler, and in the same case as in example one, the filler was changed to 10L and 20L, and the effect on the results is not very different, and the specific results are as follows:
10L: the total amount is 108L, the methane content is 51.9 percent, the COD removal rate is 68.3 percent, and the TKN removal rate is 80.2 percent;
20L, total amount 104L, methane content 52.3%, COD removal rate 66.9% and TKN removal rate 78.7%;
meanwhile, under the condition of the first embodiment, the applicant discharges the biogas slurry after one-time fermentation in an anaerobic environment, directly puts the biogas slurry into the next fermentation under the same condition, monitors the accumulated total amount of biogas production every day, and finds that the biogas slurry reaches 112L and the methane content is 51.1 percent of the first embodiment in 21 days, which indicates that the filler can be recycled, so as to save the time for primary reproduction of the flora after inoculation, but obviously, the filler cannot be recycled permanently, but the recycling times are not the key points of the application, and thus, the details are not repeated.
4. Further treatment of residual biogas slurry of concentrated liquid manure
Combining the parts, the effect of aerobic treatment is not ideal, and the adsorption effect of magnesium salt modified carbon is combined, so that nitrogen in dilute fecal water is considered to be low, and the biogas slurry corresponding to concentrated fecal water is treated in a traditional mode, so that the residual biogas slurry obtained by inoculating part or all of the concentrated fecal water is considered to be mixed with the biogas slurry generated by the dilute fecal water for aerobic treatment again;
in this section, the sources of fecal sewage and sludge were consistent with the third section.
EXAMPLE III
Separating the powder water by using a sedimentation tank, wherein the volume ratio of the concentrated liquid dung to the dilute liquid dung is 1:4, the concentrated liquid dung is TS5%, and the dilute liquid dung is TS1%;
the sludge content of the first anaerobic tank is 4500mg/L, the fermentation time is 30 days, and the biogas slurry is recovered;
the second anaerobic pool is fermented in the way of the first embodiment;
then 100L of dilute fecal sewage biogas slurry and 10L of concentrated fecal sewage biogas slurry are put into an aerobic tank together for aerobic treatment, the conditions are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the COD removal rate is 81.3 percent and the TKN removal rate is 78.5 percent.
The result shows that the COD removal rate is obviously improved, and the TKN removal rate is not changed, so the conclusion of the part is proved.
Therefore, part of the concentrated liquid dung biogas slurry can be treated, and the COD removal rate of the dilute liquid dung is improved, so that the treatment cost of the concentrated liquid dung biogas slurry is reduced, and the aerobic treatment effect of the dilute liquid dung is improved.
Because the content of pollutants in the liquid dung of each pig farm is different, the embodiment is only one proposal, and for other pig farms, the optimal mixing proportion can be obtained through limited tests by adjusting the mixing proportion of the concentrated liquid dung.
5. Magnesium salt modified carbon for reducing fermentation temperature
Due to stirring and temperature control suspension caused by electric power, applicants find that the magnesium salt modified carbon has certain effects under low temperature conditions, specifically see the following examples;
example four
The TS concentration of the dilute liquid dung is 1 percent, and the constant temperature of the fermentation temperature is kept at 15 ℃ by using temperature control equipment;
100L of thin liquid dung is sent into a second anaerobic tank for anaerobic fermentation, a horizontal packing layer is arranged in the second anaerobic tank, the packing layer is composed of a plastic net with the aperture smaller than the diameter of magnesium salt modified carbon, the packing is arranged in the second anaerobic tank, an air pump is arranged above the liquid level of the liquid dung, an air distribution device is arranged at the bottom of the second anaerobic tank, specifically, a plurality of sand heads are uniformly dispersed to the bottom of the fermentation tank, the air pump inputs air into the air distribution device to form internal air circulation in the fermentation tank, the inoculation amount of biogas slurry is 10L, the magnesium salt modified biochar is 15L, the pH is controlled to be 6.5-7.5 by a sodium hydroxide solution, the fermentation is started, the total gas production amount is 49L measured at the 30 th day, and the methane content is 44.1%.
The space above the liquid level of the fermentation liquid maintains an atmospheric pressure, and the ventilation volume is 1vvm.
Comparative example No. three
The difference between the comparative example and the fourth embodiment is that the gas distribution device is changed into a plurality of upward water outlets uniformly distributed at the bottom of the pool, the water pump is arranged in the liquid dung, and the flow rate of the water pump is 3000L/h and is used for providing water flow to pass through the packing layer.
The total amount of the produced gas is 35L in 30 days, and the methane content is 29.5 percent.
Comparative example No. four
The difference between the comparative example and the fourth example is that the corn cob charcoal is used as the filler, and the total gas yield of 30 days is 32L, and the methane content is 28.2%.
Comparative example five
The difference between the comparative example and the fourth example is that the temperature is 35 ℃, the total amount of the produced gas is measured to be 109L, the methane content is 50.9 percent, the COD removal rate is 69.8 percent, and the TKN removal rate is 77 percent;
the fourth embodiment and the third and fourth comparative examples show that the mode of circulating the magnesium salt modified carbon and the internal gas can improve the yield of the methane at low temperature, and if the internal circulation of the internal gas is not used, the water flow is used for disturbing the liquid dung, or the magnesium salt modified carbon is replaced by the conventional biochar filler, so that the total gas production amount and the methane content are both obviously reduced.
The fifth comparison example shows that the effect brought by the gas internal circulation and stirring mode is consistent under the medium temperature condition, so that the anaerobic fermentation can be directly carried out in the gas internal circulation mode in the practical application process, and the yield of the dilute liquid dung can be improved under the low temperature condition.
It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A livestock manure water treatment system is characterized by comprising
A sedimentation tank, which separates the liquid dung into concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung, wherein the TS of the dilute liquid dung is less than or equal to 1%;
the sedimentation tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks, a sludge layer is arranged in the first anaerobic tank, the first anaerobic tank is used for receiving concentrated liquid dung, and the second anaerobic tank is used for receiving dilute liquid dung;
a filler is arranged in the second anaerobic tank, the filler is magnesium salt modified biochar, and a plug flow device is arranged in the second anaerobic tank;
the microorganism backflow tank is communicated with the two anaerobic tanks and is used for recovering the sludge and the biogas slurry in the first anaerobic tank and conveying part of the biogas slurry to the second anaerobic tank;
and the aerobic tank is communicated with the second anaerobic tank and is used for carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated by the second anaerobic tank.
2. The livestock manure water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the filler accounts for 10% -20% of the volume of the thin manure water.
3. The livestock manure water treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier of the magnesium salt modified biochar is corncob carbon.
4. The livestock manure water treatment system of claim 3, wherein said aerobic tank is in communication with said microorganism return tank.
5. A method for treating livestock manure water using the system according to any of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1, precipitating liquid dung and then separating concentrated liquid dung and dilute liquid dung;
s2, fermenting the concentrated liquid dung by using anaerobic sludge to generate biogas, and collecting the biogas slurry;
s3, inoculating part of biogas slurry in the step S2 into dilute manure water to perform anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas;
s4, carrying out aerobic treatment on the biogas slurry generated after the fermentation of the dilute fecal water and the residual of the concentrated fecal water.
6. The method of treating livestock manure water of claim 5, wherein the fermentation process has a pH value of 6.5-7.5.
7. The method for treating livestock manure water according to claim 5, wherein the biogas slurry inoculation amount in step S3 is 5% -10% of the dilute manure water amount.
8. The method for treating livestock manure water according to any of claims 5 to 7, wherein the remaining part of the concentrated manure water biogas slurry not used for inoculation is the remaining biogas slurry;
and in the step S4, mixing the fermented biogas slurry of the washing liquid with part or all of the rest biogas slurry, and then carrying out aerobic treatment.
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