CN115943730A

CN115943730A - Glass plate with functional coating in the shape of a pattern

Info

Publication number: CN115943730A
Application number: CN202280002705.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·多罗萨里奥; S·吉列森; L·施马德克; D·兰格
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date: 2021-06-08
Filing date: 2022-05-30
Publication date: 2023-04-07
Also published as: EP4353050A1; WO2022258402A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a glass sheet (100), wherein: (a) providing a vitreous glass pane (1) having an outer surface (a) and an inner surface (i), the outer surface (a) or the inner surface (i) of which is at least partially provided with a conductive coating (2), (B) applying a printed layer (3) on at least two line-shaped regions of the conductive coating (2), and (C) firing the printed layer (3), whereby the conductive coating (2) located below the printed layer (3) is decomposed and opaque line-shaped printed regions (11) are produced from each line-shaped region with the printed layer (3), wherein at least one unprinted region (10) with the conductive coating (2) is located between the at least two line-shaped printed regions (11), wherein the at least one unprinted region (10) forms a heating current path extending between a first connection region and a second connection region, and wherein the at least two opaque line-shaped printed regions (11) are formed such that the heating current path is longer than a direct connection between the first and the second connection region.

Description

Glass plate with functional coating in the shape of a pattern

The invention relates to a method for producing a glass plate having a functional coating in the form of a pattern. Furthermore, the invention relates to a glass plate with the functional coating in the shape of a pattern and the use thereof.

Glazing in buildings and vehicles is increasingly provided with large-area layers which are electrically conductive and transparent to visible light and which have to fulfill certain functions. These layers are often referred to as functional layers. For example, glazing is subject to high demands with regard to its insulating properties for reasons of energy saving and comfort. It is therefore desirable to avoid high heat input due to insolation, which leads to excessive heating of the interior space, which in turn leads to high energy costs for the necessary air conditioning.

The use of sun protection coatings and the use of layers that reflect thermal radiation (low-E layers) are known. The low-emissivity layer reflects a significant portion of the incident solar radiation, especially in the infrared range, which results in reduced heating of the interior space in the summer. The low E layer also reduces the emission of long wave thermal radiation of the heated glass sheet into the interior space when the low E layer is applied to the surface of the glass sheet facing the interior space. In winter, when the external temperature is low, the heat of the inner space is prevented from being emitted to the external environment.

Another application of the functional layer is to keep the view of the vehicle glazing free of ice and fog. Electrical heating layers for the targeted heating of a vehicle glazing or of a partial region of a vehicle glazing by applying a voltage are known (see for example WO 2010/043598 A1).

It is also possible to require functional layers only in partial regions of the glass pane. Thus, for example, the heating function may be required only in the region of the windshield where the wipers are in the rest position.

EP 3076753 A1 discloses an electrically conductive functional coating applied locally on a composite glass plate and in contact with a busbar and a method for its manufacture. If a voltage is applied to the bus bar, a heating current flows through the functional coating. The functional coating is partially de-coated, thereby forming a pattern of coated and de-coated areas. The resistance between the busbars results from the specific dimensions of the pattern, so that a better adjustability of the heating effect can be achieved.

However, the production of partially uncoated glass sheets is a further, relatively complex process step, which complicates the production of glass sheets and thus makes them more expensive. After coating the glass sheet, subsequent laser machining is typically required to partially de-coat the sheet.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for manufacturing glass sheets having a locally applied functional coating. In particular, the fabrication should be accomplished without a laser machining coating step.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method for producing a glass sheet having a functional coating which is locally decoated according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are known from the dependent claims.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a glass sheet. The method is divided into several method steps.

In a first method step (a), a vitreous glass plate having an outer surface and an inner surface is provided. The outer or inner surface is at least partially provided with an electrically conductive coating.

In a second method step (B), a printed layer is applied on at least two line-shaped areas of the electrically conductive coating.

In a third method step (C), the printed layer is fired, whereby the conductive coating lying below the printed layer is decomposed and opaque line-shaped printed regions are produced from each line-shaped region with the printed layer.

This results in at least one unprinted area with a conductive coating being located between the at least two line-shaped printed areas. The at least one non-printed area forms a heating current path extending between the first connection area and the second connection area. Here, the at least two opaque line-shaped printed regions are formed such that the heating current path is longer than the direct connection between the first and second connection regions.

The process steps are preferably carried out in the order mentioned. The conductive coating is preferably transparent. The printed layer and the at least 2 line-shaped printed areas are opaque and have an increased resistance compared to the conductive coating. The resistance of the printed area is preferably at least 10 times, particularly preferably at least 100 times, in particular at least 1000 times that of the unprinted area. In the sense of the present invention, "the conductive coating layer located below the printed layer is decomposed" means the electric coating layer which is in contact with the printed layer substance. In the sense of the present invention, decomposition of the conductive coating means that at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, in particular completely, of the conductive coating is destroyed by the printed layer. The unprinted region may include the entire conductive coating; however, it is also possible to arrange the sections of the electrically conductive coating outside the non-printed areas on the glass pane.

In the sense of the present invention, "transparent" means that the total transmission of the composite glass pane corresponds to the legal requirements of the windscreen and preferably has a transmission for visible light of more than 50%, in particular more than 60%, for example more than 70%. Accordingly, "opaque" means a light transmission of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, in particular 0%.

The conductive coating may extend over the entire outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass plate. The electrically conductive coating preferably extends over at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 70% and very particularly preferably at least 90% of the inner or outer surface of the vitreous glass pane. The electrically conductive coating can be applied spatially directly on the vitreous glass plate. However, other layers, such as black printing, may also be arranged between the glass pane and the electrically conductive coating.

The at least one unprinted region may be in electrical contact with the first electrical connection region and the second connection region. If current flows through the unprinted region, a heating current is formed that heats the region.

By means of the method according to the invention, the length of the heating current path can be adapted to the requirements of the glass sheet to be produced. The lengthening of the heating current path leads to a reduction in the heating effect with the voltage remaining constant. Here, the heating effect is calculated by the following formula:

whereinPIs the heating power [ W m ^-2 ]，RIs the surface resistance [ omega sq-1]，UIs a voltage [ V ]]AndDis the distance m between the first and second connection regions]. With distanceD The heating power decreases exponentially with increasing (i.e. heating current path). The method according to the invention simplifies the partial decoating, so that the heating power can be set according to the requirements of the glass sheet. By the method according to the invention, it is not necessary to de-coat the conductive coating by a general method such as laser ablation (laser vaporization), for example. Thereby, costs and time may be saved in the manufacturing process.

The at least two line-shaped areas coated with the conductive coating and having the printed layer applied thereon preferably extend substantially parallel to each other in their direction of extension. In particular, the linear regions of the conductive coating extend substantially parallel. After the printed layer has been applied to the line-shaped regions, at least one non-printed region is thereby formed in the form of a strip. In the sense of the present invention, "substantially parallel" means that the linear regions are parallel in their extension. In the sense of the present invention, "substantially parallel" means that the line-shaped regions are identical in their shape or size and symmetrically overlap each other or extend in parallel. Due to the parallel or preferably parallel extension, a more uniform heating power can be achieved, since the non-printed areas produced in the latter method have a precisely defined and preferably uniform width. The at least two line-shaped printing areas may be connected to each other at the beginning of the line and/or at the end of the line, so that for example a frame is formed by the at least two line-shaped printing areas.

The "width" of an element is understood to mean the dimension perpendicular to its extension. The "length" of an element is accordingly understood to mean the dimension parallel to its extension.

In method step (B), a printed layer can be applied to the n line-shaped areas of the conductive coating. It is suitable here that n is a natural number, preferably greater than 2. The number n is preferably greater than 10, particularly preferably greater than 30, in particular greater than 100. After method step (C), the line-shaped areas covered by the n printed layers correspondingly produce n line-shaped printed areas. Between the n linear printed areas there are preferably (n-1) unprinted areas with a conductive coating. Thus alternately changing from a linear printing area to a non-printing area, etc., so that one linear printing area is applied at the beginning and at the end. In other words: a non-printed area is disposed between each pair of linear printed areas. Thereby ensuring that the non-printed areas are electrically insulated from the remaining conductive coating. The addition of linear printed areas and unprinted areas therebetween can also enable larger areas to be heated uniformly and on demand. For example, it is particularly suitable in areas of the glazing which would normally have been covered by opaque or translucent black print when installed in a vehicle (e.g. areas of the windscreen or rear window which provide the rest position of the wipers).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least two line-shaped regions of the conductive coating on which the printed layer is applied are formed in a sine shape, a zigzag/wave shape, or a zigzag shape, or as a combination thereof. Preferably, the linear regions are arranged parallel to each other, thereby creating a zigzag pattern or a wavy pattern. In this case, the heating power can be well controlled by selecting the amplitude. The at least two linear regions of the conductive coating on which the printed layer is applied may also be formed in a straight line. In this case, the linear regions are diagonally arranged on the vitreous glass plate.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in process step (A) first of all

(A1) Providing a vitreous glass plate, and then

(A2) The conductive coating is applied to the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass plate by means of magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering.

The conductive coating can be applied over the entire outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass sheet. The electrically conductive coating is preferably applied to at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 70% and very particularly preferably at least 90% of the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass plate.

The conductive coating preferably has an IR reflecting effect. Regardless of the IR reflecting effect of the heating coating, the coating may also be used to heat the composite glass sheet. To this end, preferably at least two external busbars provided for connection to a voltage source are connected with the electrically conductive coating in such a way that a current path for the heating current is formed between the busbars.

The conductive coating typically comprises one or more, for example two, three or four, conductive functional layers. The functional layer preferably comprises at least one metal, such as silver, gold, copper, nickel and/or chromium or a metal alloy. The functional layer particularly preferably comprises at least 90% by weight of metal, in particular at least 99.9% by weight of metal. The functional layer may be composed of a metal or a metal alloy. The functional layer particularly preferably comprises silver or a silver-containing alloy. Such functional layers have a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity and at the same time a high transmission in the visible spectral range. The thickness of the functional layer is preferably from 5nm to 50nm, particularly preferably from 8nm to 25nm. In this range of the functional layer thickness, a high transmission in the advantageous visible spectral range and a particularly advantageous electrical conductivity are achieved.

Preferably, at least one dielectric layer is arranged between two adjacent functional layers of the coating. Preferably, a further dielectric layer is arranged below the first functional layer and/or above the last functional layer. The dielectric layer comprises at least one monolayer of a dielectric material, for example comprising a nitride such as silicon nitride or an oxide such as aluminum oxide. However, the dielectric layer may also comprise a plurality of monolayers, such as a monolayer of a dielectric material, a smoothing layer, a matching layer, a barrier layer, and/or an anti-reflective layer. The thickness of the dielectric layer is, for example, 10nm to 200nm.

In a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrically conductive coating has exactly three electrically conductive silver layers, which are separated from one another by dielectric layers. This arrangement is particularly advantageous in terms of transmittance and conductivity.

The layer structure is usually obtained by a series of deposition processes carried out by vacuum methods such as magnetic field assisted cathode sputtering.

Other suitable conductive coatings preferably comprise Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO) ₂ F) or aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO: al). The functional layer preferably has a layer thickness of 8nm to 25nm, particularly preferably 13nm to 19 nm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of transparency, color neutrality and surface resistance of the conductive coating. ITO layers are particularly suitable because of their high corrosion resistance.

In one advantageous embodiment, the electrically conductive coating is a layer structure of one or more monolayers having a total thickness of less than or equal to 2 μm, particularly preferably less than or equal to 1 μm.

The total layer thickness of the electrically conductive coating is preferably from 40nm to 80nm, particularly preferably from 45nm to 60nm. In this range for the total thickness of all the conductive coatings, a sufficiently high heating power P and at the same time a sufficiently high transmission are advantageously achieved at a distance D between the two busbars and an operating voltage U of 12V to 15V, which are typical for vehicle glazing, in particular windshields. Furthermore, the electrically conductive coating has particularly good reflection properties in the infrared range in this range for the total thickness of all electrically conductive coatings. The total layer thickness of all conductive layers is too small, resulting in too high a surface resistanceRAnd thus too little heating powerPAnd reduced infrared range reflection performance. The total layer thickness of all conductive layers is too large and the transmission through the glass sheet is too reduced to meet the transmission requirements for vehicle glass sheets.

The electrically conductive coating of the composite pane according to the invention preferably has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 2 ohm/square, particularly preferably from 0.4 ohm/square to 1.5 ohm/square, very particularly preferably from 0.5 ohm/square to 0.95 ohm/square, for example about 0.9 ohm/square. In the case of the surface resistanceIn the range, high heating power is advantageously achievedP。Furthermore, the conductive coating has particularly good reflection properties in the infrared range in this range for the surface resistance.

After method steps (a), (B) or (C), the first busbar can be arranged on all first connection regions and the second busbar on all second connection regions. The first and second bus bars are provided for connection to a voltage source. The first and second bus bars are electrically connected to all of the first and all of the second connection regions, respectively. In the case of a plurality of unprinted regions having one first connection region and one second connection region each, the first busbar is preferably electrically connected to all (i.e. all) of the unprinted regions, and the second busbar is preferably electrically connected to all (i.e. all) of the unprinted regions. The bus bar is preferably also in physical contact with the connection area of the non-printed area.

The first and second busbars are connected to the first and second connection regions of the non-printed coating such that a heating current can flow through the non-printed regions. The first and second bus bars are preferably insulated from the conductive coating outside the non-printed area by an electrically insulating layer. The insulating layer is preferably a polyimide based polymer coating.

The first and/or second busbars may be printed or fired on the connection areas. The printed busbar preferably comprises at least one metal, metal alloy, metal compound and/or carbon, particularly preferably a noble metal and in particular silver. The printing paste preferably contains metal-containing particles, metal particles and/or carbon, in particular noble metal particles such as silver particles. The electrical conductivity is preferably obtained by means of electrically conductive particles. The particles can be in an organic and/or inorganic matrix such as a paste or ink, preferably as a printing paste with glass frit.

The layer thickness of the printed first and/or second busbars is preferably from 5 μm to 40 μm, particularly preferably from 8 μm to 20 μm, very particularly preferably from 8 μm to 12 μm. Printed busbars with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have a favourable current-carrying capacity.

The width of the first and/or second busbar is preferably 2mm to 30mm, particularly preferably 4mm to 20mm, in particular 10mm to 20mm. Thinner busbars result in too high a resistance and therefore too high a heating of the busbars in operation. Furthermore, thinner busbars can only be produced with difficulty by printing techniques such as screen printing. Thicker busbars require the use of undesirably large amounts of material. For a busbar, which is usually formed in the form of a strip, the longer of its dimensions is called the length and the shorter of its dimensions is called the width.

Specific resistance of the first and/or second bus barρ _a Preferably 0.8. Mu. Omega. Cm to 7.0. Mu. Omega. Cm, and particularly preferably 1.0. Mu. Omega. Cm to 2.5. Mu. Omega. Cm. A bus bar with a specific resistance in this range is technically easy to implement and has a favorable current-carrying capacity.

Alternatively, however, the first and/or second bus bar may simply be placed on the first and second connection regions. The first and/or second bus bar may be formed as a strip of conductive foil. The busbar then contains, for example, at least aluminum, copper, tin-plated copper, gold, silver, zinc, tungsten and/or tin or alloys thereof. The strips preferably have a thickness of 10 μm to 500 μm, particularly preferably 30 μm to 300 μm. Bus bars made of conductive foil with these thicknesses are technically easy to implement and have an advantageous current-carrying capacity. The strips may be conductively connected to the conductive structure, for example by solder, by conductive adhesive or by direct placement.

The first and second bus bars are preferably electrically connected to a voltage source by one or more connecting wires. The connecting leads may be formed as foil conductors (flat conductors, strip conductors). The voltage source preferably supplies a voltage of 10V to 500V, particularly preferably 12V to 100V, in particular 12V to 42V.

The print layer preferably comprises at least one pigment and glass frit. It may contain other chemical compounds. The frit is preferably melted or fused and thereby permanently connects (melts or sinters) the printed layer, preferably to the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass pane. The pigment provides opacity of the printed layer. Such printed layers are common in the field of vehicles and are usually applied as enamel.

The print layer is particularly preferably printed on the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass plate, in particular by screen printing. Here, the printed layer is printed onto the glass pane by means of a fine-mesh fabric. For example, a squeegee is used here to laminate the printing to the fabric. The fabric has an area permeable to the printed layer in addition to an area impermeable to the printed layer, thereby determining the geometry of the print. The fabric thus acts as a template for the printed matter. The printed layer comprises at least pigments and glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), e.g. water or an organic solvent such as an alcohol. The pigments are generally black pigments, preferably the pigments carbon black (carbon black), nigrosine, bone black, black iron oxide, spinel black and/or graphite.

The firing of the printed layer in process step (C) is preferably carried out at a temperature of 450 ℃ to 700 ℃, in particular 550 ℃ to 650 ℃. The opaque line-shaped printed areas produced by firing the printed layer may be pre-fired (partially fired) or preferably fully fired. Pre-firing is understood to mean a temperature treatment in which the liquid phase is drained by evaporation and the glass frit is melted and then forms a certain degree of connection with each other and with the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass plates. If the at least 2 linear printed areas contain other chemical compounds, they usually have reacted or otherwise transformed, e.g. crystallized. Thus, the pre-firing has typically been accompanied by a color change of said at least 2 line-shaped printed areas, whereby the pre-fired color has been able to correspond to the final fired color of said at least 2 opaque line-shaped printed areas. The pigment remains in the glassy matrix formed by the frit as at least 2 linear printed areas, in addition to possible other added substances that are typically the products of chemical reactions during firing. The final firing, which produces the final structure of the at least 2 linear printed areas and the final connection to the outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass sheet, is preferably performed during bending of the vitreous glass sheet. This saves one method step. The cover print preferably has a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm, particularly preferably 8 μm to 25 μm. Firing of the printed layer may include pre-firing and final firing as well as both.

The decomposition properties of the transparent coating on the printed layer can be achieved by a suitable choice of frit. It is preferably formed based on zinc bismuth borate. In order to achieve the decomposition properties, the bismuth content and/or the boron content is preferably higher than in conventional glass frits. If something is formed "based on" a material, it consists essentially of this material, in particular essentially of this material except for possible impurities or dopants.

In another embodiment, the decomposed printed layer known from WO2014133929 may also be used.

The glass sheet produced by the method according to the invention may be a component of a windscreen or a rear window. The glass plate provides for separating the interior space from the external environment. The vitreous glass plate preferably has a circumferential lateral edge. The circumferential lateral edge comprises an upper edge and a lower edge. The circumferential side, upper and lower edges of the vitreous glass pane are likewise the circumferential side, upper and lower edges of the glass pane. The upper edge of the glass pane is provided for arrangement in the upper region in the mounting position, while the opposite lower edge is provided for arrangement in the lower region in the mounting position.

The electrically conductive coating is preferably not arranged in the circumferential peripheral edge region of the vitreous glass pane. The circumferential peripheral edge region preferably directly adjoins the circumferential side edge and preferably has a width of 1cm or less. In the installed position of the glazing panel, the uncoated region serves as electrical insulation between the electrically conductive coating and the vehicle body.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least 2 linear regions are located in an edge region of the vitreous glass pane and the edge region is arranged in strips along the lower edge of the vitreous glass pane. The length of the edge region is preferably from 10cm to 100cm, and the width thereof is preferably from 2cm to 30cm. The edge region is preferably arranged at a distance of 1cm to 30cm, particularly preferably 1cm to 15cm, from the lower edge. The edge region is preferably the region which, when the pane is mounted in a motor vehicle, provides the rest position of the windscreen wiper. Windshield wipers tend to freeze to the glass sheet during cold temperatures. The windscreen wipers can no longer be moved away from this rest position. This problem can be solved by effectively and efficiently heating the area.

The at least one non-printed area preferably has an average width of 500 μm to 5mm, preferably 600 μm to 2mm, in particular 700 μm to 1mm. In a very particularly preferred embodiment, the non-printed regions have a width of 500 μm to 5mm, preferably 600 μm to 2mm, in particular 700 μm to 1mm, consecutively. This width has proven to be particularly effective in ensuring uniform heating. The at least 2 linear printing areas preferably have a width of 1 μm to 5mm, preferably 10 μm to 2mm and in particular 100 μm to 1mm.

The unprinted regions are formed by adjacent linear printed regions. However, in addition to this, the at least two linear printed areas may also serve aesthetic purposes. In the mounted position of the glass plate, the opaque printed area may, for example, partially cover the adhesive bead used for gluing the glass plate. Alternatively, the non-printed areas are also arranged on the areas of the glass pane coated with black printing. Combinations of these variants are also possible.

In a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the vitreous glass plate has an electrically conductive coating on the outer surface. Furthermore, according to method step (C), a thermoplastic film, preferably congruent, is arranged on the outer surface of the glass pane. A second glass pane is then arranged on the thermoplastic film with one surface, preferably congruent, so as to form a layer stack. The stack of layers is then laminated to a composite glass sheet. After lamination, the thermoplastic film becomes a thermoplastic interlayer. The use of a glass sheet as a windscreen is provided by forming the glass sheet into a composite glass sheet. Furthermore, the conductive coating and thus also the non-printed areas as well as any other possible structures, such as busbars and/or connecting leads, are hermetically sealed by gluing with a thermoplastic interlayer and are thus protected from damage and corrosion.

The lamination of the layer stack is carried out under the action of heat, vacuum and/or pressure, wherein the individual layers are connected to one another (laminated) by means of at least one thermoplastic film. Methods known per se can be used for manufacturing the composite glass sheet. For example, the so-called autoclave process may be carried out at elevated pressures of about 10 to 15 bar and temperatures of 130 to 145 ℃ for about 2 hours. The vacuum bag or vacuum ring processes known per se operate, for example, at about 200 mbar and 130 ℃ to 145 ℃. The vitreous glass sheet, the second vitreous glass sheet and the thermoplastic film may also be pressed in a calender between at least one pair of rollers into a composite glass sheet. Apparatuses of this type are known for the manufacture of composite glass sheets and generally have at least one heating channel before the press. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, 40 ℃ to 150 ℃. The combination of calendering and autoclave processes has proven particularly effective in practice. Alternatively, a vacuum laminator may be used. They consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which the outer and inner glass sheets can be laminated within, for example, about 60 minutes at a reduced pressure of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and a temperature of 80 ℃ to 170 ℃.

The thermoplastic film comprises or consists of at least one thermoplastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) and/or Polyurethane (PU) or copolymers or derivatives thereof, optionally in combination with polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the thermoplastic film may also comprise, for example, polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resins, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene-propylene, polyvinyl fluoride and/or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

The thermoplastic film is preferably formed as at least one thermoplastic composite film and comprises or consists of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and additives known to the person skilled in the art, such as plasticizers. The thermoplastic film preferably comprises at least one plasticizer.

Plasticizers are chemical compounds that make plastics softer, more flexible, more pliable, and/or more elastic. They shift the thermoelastic range of the plastic to lower temperatures, thereby giving the plastic the desired more elastic properties in the temperature range of use. Preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, especially the less volatile carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins and camphor.

The thermoplastic film may be formed by a single layer film or by more than one layer of film. The thermoplastic intermediate layer may be formed by one or more thermoplastic thin films arranged one on top of the other, wherein the thickness of the thermoplastic intermediate layer after stacking of the laminate layers is preferably 0.25mm to 1mm, typically 0.38mm or 0.76mm.

The thermoplastic film may also be a functional thermoplastic film, in particular a film having acoustic damping properties, a film reflecting infrared radiation, a film absorbing infrared radiation and/or a film absorbing UV radiation. Thus, the thermoplastic film may also be a filter film that hides a narrow band of visible light, for example.

The vitreous glass plate and optionally the second vitreous glass plate preferably comprise or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass or transparent plastic, preferably rigid transparent plastic, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and/or mixtures thereof.

The vitreous glass plate and optionally the second vitreous glass plate may have other suitable coatings known per se, such as an anti-reflection coating, a non-stick coating, a scratch-resistant coating, a photocatalytic coating or a sun-protective coating or a low-E coating.

The thickness of the individual glass sheets (vitreous glass sheet and optional second vitreous glass sheet) can vary widely and match the requirements of the individual case. Preference is given to using glass plates having a standard thickness of from 0.5mm to 5mm, preferably from 1.0mm to 2.5 mm. The size of the glass sheet can vary widely and depends on the application.

The vitreous glass plate and optionally the second vitreous glass plate may for example have a black print locally on the outer and/or inner surface or surfaces. The black print preferably comprises at least one pigment and a glass frit. It may contain other chemical compounds. The frit can be melted or fused and thereby permanently bond (melt or sinter) the black print to the glass surface. The pigment provides opacity to the black print. The printing inks forming the black print comprise at least pigments and glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), e.g. water, or an organic solvent, e.g. alcohol. The pigments are usually black pigments, such as pigment carbon black (carbon black), aniline black, bone black, iron oxide black, spinel black and/or graphite. The black print is preferably formed in a frame-like shape and is mainly used as UV protection for the assembly adhesive of the windshield. The frame-like black print is usually enlarged significantly in the region of the sensor in the direction of the center of the glass plate.

The glass sheet obtained by the method according to the invention may have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the vitreous glass plate and optionally the second vitreous glass plate do not have a shadow zone, so that they can be coated, for example, by cathode sputtering. Preferably, the vitreous glass plate and optionally the second vitreous glass plate are flat or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions in space.

The invention also relates to a glass sheet produced or producible by the method according to the invention.

The invention also relates to a glass sheet according to the invention, comprising:

-a vitreous glass plate having an outer surface and an inner surface,

-an electrically conductive coating at least partially arranged on an outer or inner surface of the vitreous glass sheet,

at least 2 linear printed areas produced by partial decomposition of the conductive coating, and

-at least one non-printed area with a conductive coating.

The at least one unprinted region is arranged between at least two line-shaped printed regions, wherein the heating current path extends through the unprinted region between a first connection region and a second connection region of the unprinted region. The at least two linear printed areas are formed such that the heating current path is longer than the direct connection between the first and second connection areas.

All embodiments described above in relation to the method for manufacturing a glass sheet according to the invention apply in the same way to the glass sheet according to the invention.

The invention furthermore extends to the use of a glass pane according to the invention in a means of transport for land, air or water traffic, in particular in a motor vehicle, wherein the glass pane can be used, for example, as a windshield, a rear window, a side window and/or a sunroof or as a constituent part thereof, preferably as a windshield. The glass pane according to the invention is preferably used as a vehicle windshield or as a constituent part thereof. The glass panel according to the invention can also be used as a functional and/or decorative single piece, as well as a built-in part in furniture, appliances and buildings.

The various embodiments of the invention may be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and to be explained below can be used not only in the given combination but also in other combinations or individually without departing from the scope of the invention.

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of examples, wherein reference is made to the appended figures. They are shown in simplified, not to the correct scale, diagrammatic representation:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of a glass sheet according to the invention,

figure 2 is a plan view of another embodiment of a glass sheet according to the invention,

figure 2a is a section through the cross section of the glass sheet according to the invention of figure 2,

figure 3 is an enlarged view of the printed area applied by the method according to the invention,

figure 4 according to one embodiment of the method of the invention for manufacturing a glass sheet according to the invention,

FIG. 5 another embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a glass sheet according to the invention, and

fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a glass pane according to the invention as a composite glass pane.

A plan view of one embodiment of a glass sheet 100 according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1. The glass plate 100 is formed in the shape of a rear window glass in this plan view. Glass sheet 100 comprises a vitreous glass sheet 1 having an inner surface i, an upper edge V, a lower edge VI and a surrounding lateral edge VII. The circumferential lateral edge VII thus comprises an upper edge V, a lower edge VI and left and right lateral edges. The vitreous glass plate 1 is transparent and consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of approximately 2.1 mm.

The transparent conductive coating 2 is applied completely on the inner surface i of the vitreous glass pane 1. The edge region of the glass pane 1 (along the circumferential side edge VII) is not coated with the electrically conductive coating 2, which serves to electrically insulate the electrically conductive coating 2 from the vehicle body. The conductive coating 2 is, for example, a coating with a thin layer of a conductive material comprising indium tin oxide.

The conductive coating 2 has a surface resistance of, for example, 1.0 ohm/square.

The pattern 7 is arranged in the region near the lower edge VI and near the left and right side edges of the vitreous glass sheet 1. The area where the pattern 7 is arranged is normally used as the location where the windscreen wipers are arranged in their rest position. The pattern 7 is, for example, 14cm wide and 60cm long and is formed in the form of an extended stripe. The dimension of the pattern 7 perpendicular to the lower edge VI of the vitreous glass pane 1 is understood as "width". The dimension of the pattern 7 parallel to the lower edge VI of the glass pane 1 is accordingly understood as "length". During the method according to the invention, the pattern 7 is formed by forming a line-shaped printed area 11. As shown in fig. 3, the pattern 7 is thus created by darker printed areas 11 and transparent non-printed areas 10 coated with the conductive coating 2 (see e.g. fig. 3).

The pattern 7 is electrically and materially connected with the first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 in the upper edge region and in the lower edge region of the pattern 7. The first busbar 8.1 is arranged along the upper edge region. The second busbar 8.2 is arranged along the lower edge region. The expression "upper edge region" means that this edge region is closer to the upper edge V than to the lower edge VI. Correspondingly, the expression "lower edge region" means that the edge region is closer to the lower edge VI than to the upper edge V. The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 contain, for example, silver particles and are applied in a screen-printing process and then fired. The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 are in electrical contact with the non-printed areas 10 of the pattern 7 (see e.g. fig. 3). However, the first and second bus bars 8.1, 8.2 are electrically insulated from the conductive coating 2 outside the pattern 7 by an electrically insulating layer. The insulating layer is for example a polyimide based polymer coating. In the embodiment shown, the first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 have a constant thickness of, for example, about 10 μm and a constant specific resistance of, for example, 2.3 μ Ω · cm.

The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 are connected to a voltage source 9 by connecting leads 12.1, 12.2. The connecting leads 12.1, 12.2 can be formed as foil conductors known per se, which are connected in an electrically conductive manner to the first and second busbar 8.1, 8.2 via contact surfaces, for example by means of solder or conductive adhesive. The foil conductor includes, for example, a tin-plated copper foil having a width of 10mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm. The foil conductor can be turned into a connection cable connected to a voltage source 9. The voltage source 9 provides, for example, an on-board voltage, typically for a motor vehicle, preferably from 12V to 15V, for example about 14V. Alternatively, the voltage source 9 may also have a higher voltage, for example from 35V to 45V, in particular 42V.

As is customary in glazing technology, the first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 and the connecting and connecting lines 12, 12.2 can be covered by an opaque color layer known per se as a cover print (not shown here).

By applying a voltage to the first and second bus bars 8.1, 8.2, a current flows through the non-printed areas 10 of the pattern 7. These areas are heated due to their electrical resistance and the generation of joule heat. The non-printed area 10 of the pattern 7 is sinusoidally formed between the first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 (as shown for example in figure 3). However, the unprinted areas 10 of the pattern 7 may also be formed, for example, in a zigzag or zigzag/wavy form. When a voltage is applied to the first and second bus bars 8.1, 8.2, the length of the current path between the bus bars 8.1, 8.2 increases compared to the straight distance directly between the bus bars 8.1, 8.2. The increase in the current path results in a decrease in the output heating power when the voltage is applied. This means that during the method according to the invention, the required heating power in the region of the pattern 7 can be set by the targeted production of the line-shaped opaque printed areas 11.

The variants shown in fig. 2 and 2a substantially correspond to the variants of fig. 1, so that only the differences will be discussed here, and reference is additionally made to the description of fig. 1.

Unlike what is described and shown in fig. 1, the glass panel 100 according to the invention in fig. 2 and 2a is formed as a composite glass panel and is in the form of a windscreen. Fig. 2a shows a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of fig. 2. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 2base:Sub>A corresponds to section line A-A' of glass sheet 100 as shown in FIG. 2.

In addition to the first vitreous glass sheet 1, the glass sheet 100 comprises a second vitreous glass sheet 6 having an outer surface I and an inner surface II. The vitreous glass pane 1 and the second vitreous glass pane 6 are connected to one another by means of a thermoplastic interlayer 5. A thermoplastic interlayer 5 is arranged between the outer surface a, III of the first vitreous glass pane 1 and the inner surface II of the second vitreous glass pane 6. The second vitreous glass plate 6 is made of soda lime glass, for example, is transparent and has a thickness of 2.1mm, for example. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is formed, for example, based on polyvinyl butyral and has a thickness of 0.5 mm. The vitreous glass plate 1 is transparent and consists for example of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of approximately 1.6 mm.

In contrast to what is shown in fig. 1, the electrically conductive coating 2 is not applied to the inner surfaces i, IV of the glass panes 1, but rather to the outer surfaces a, III of the first glass pane 1. Correspondingly, a pattern 7 with non-printed areas 10 and printed areas 11 is also arranged on the outer surface a, III of the first glass pane 1. The pattern 7 can be visually recognized through the perspective of the glass plate 100. The pattern 7 has the same extension as described for fig. 1 and is arranged as described in fig. 1 with its arrangement on the outer surface a, III of the first vitreous glass sheet 1 positionally parallel to the arrangement on the inner surface i of the vitreous glass sheet 1. The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 are in electrical and physical contact with the unprinted regions 10 as described in figure 1.

By implementing the glass pane 100 according to the invention as a composite glass pane, the conductive coating 2 and the applied busbars 8.1, 8.2 are better protected against corrosion and other external influences.

Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the pattern 7 from fig. 1 or fig. 2, which is electrically contacted by the first busbar 8.1 in the upper edge region and the second busbar 8.2 in the lower edge region. The first busbar 8.1 is electrically connected to all first connection regions here, and the second busbar 8.2 is electrically connected to all second connection regions here. In the sense of the present invention, a connection region refers to a region without printed regions 10 provided for electrical contacting. The unprinted areas 10 are areas coated with the conductor 2. The print area 11 is the area that is uncoated by means of the fired print layer 3. Each unprinted region 10 has here a first connection region and a second connection region. The unprinted areas 10 and the printed areas 11 extend sinusoidally from the first busbar 8.1 to the second busbar 8.2 (sinusoid is schematically shown). For example, the sinusoidal lines of the non-printed areas 10 have an average width of 500 μm to 5 mm. "width" is understood to mean the dimension of the coated area extending perpendicular thereto. Instead of a sinusoidal stretching of the unprinted areas 10 and the printed areas 11, a zigzag stretching or a zigzag/wave stretching is also possible.

If current flows through the unprinted areas 10, they are heated due to their electrical resistance and by the generation of joule heat. The printed areas 11 that are uncoated by the method according to the invention are electrically non-conductive. The printed areas 11 and the non-printed areas 10 are alternately arranged sinusoidally. Due to the sinusoidal extension of the unprinted areas 10, the current path between the busbars 8.1, 8.2 is prolonged compared to a direct connection between the busbars 8.1, 8.2, which results in less heating efficiency due to the increased electrical resistance. The current path can be lengthened or shortened by varying the amplitude of the sinusoidal extension, so that the heating efficiency can be precisely adjusted.

Fig. 4, 5 and 6 show method steps of a method according to various embodiments of the invention for manufacturing a glass sheet 100, wherein the initial stage, the product and various intermediate stages are shown by vertical longitudinal sections of the glass sheet 100.

In a first method step a, an uncoated vitreous glass plate 1 is provided. The vitreous glass pane 1 has an outer surface a, an inner surface i, a lower edge VI and an upper edge V. In this plan view, the vitreous glass plate 1 has the same shape as shown in fig. 1. The vitreous glass plate 1 is transparent and consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of about 2.1 mm.

In a second method step B, the entire surface of the conductive coating 2 is applied to the inner surface i of the glass pane 1. However, unlike what is shown here, the conductive coating 2 can also be applied only locally on the inner surface i of the vitreous glass pane 1. The conductive coating 2 is applied, for example, by means of magnetic field-assisted cathodic deposition and has a thin layer of a conductive material, which contains indium tin oxide.

In a third method step C, the printed layer 3 is applied locally on the conductive coating 2 by means of screen printing. The print layer 3 is applied here in the vicinity of the lower edge VI in the region intended as a rest position for the windscreen wipers in the finished glass pane 100 (as shown, for example, in fig. 1). In a plan view of the glass pane 1, a pattern 7 is formed by applying the print layer 3, which pattern consists of a sinusoidally extending print area 11 covered with the print layer 3 and a sinusoidally extending non-print area 10. The print layer 3 contains, for example, pigments and glass frit. The frit is formed, for example, based on bismuth zinc borate. The printed layer 3 has a decomposing property to the conductive coating 2.

In a fourth method step D, the printed layer 3 is fired, wherein the underlying conductive coating 2 is decomposed and a line-shaped printed region 11 is produced. For example, fig. 3 depicts the pattern 7 thus formed in more detail. The linear print area 11 does not have the properties of conductivity and reflection of heat radiation. The pattern 7 is provided for electrical connection with the first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2, so that a heating current may flow through the pattern 7 (e.g. as described and shown in fig. 1 and 3). The first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2 are here preferably connected to the pattern 7 in such a way that the current path between the busbars 8.1, 8.2 has the largest possible length.

The uncomplicated decoating of the vitreous glass sheet 1 makes it possible to coat the vitreous glass sheet 1 in step B without an additional step in advance or without the coated vitreous glass sheet 1 having to be decoated locally, for example by means of laser ablation (laser vaporization). Furthermore, the further method step of removing excess material after decoating is omitted, since the printed layer 3 is firmly connected to the vitreous glass pane 1 after firing.

The method steps shown in fig. 5 substantially correspond to the variant of fig. 4, so that only the differences are discussed here, and reference is additionally made to the description of fig. 4.

Fig. 5 shows that in a first method step a, the glass pane 1 is provided with a black print 4 applied to the inner surface i in the edge region. The black print 4 borders on the lower edge VI of the glass pane 1. The black print 4 is made of, for example, a non-conductive material that is normally used for masking strips, for example, a fired black-pigmented screen-printing ink.

In a second method step B, analogously to the second method step B in fig. 4, the electrically conductive coating 2 is applied over the entire surface to the inner surface i of the glass pane 1. Thus, the conductive coating 2 is also applied on the area of the inner surface i of the vitreous glazing panel 1 covered by the black print 4.

In a third method step C, the printed layer 3 is applied locally to a section of the conductive coating 2 by means of screen printing. The section with the printed layer 3 partially printed is ready to be used in the finished glass sheet 100 as a rest position for a windshield wiper (e.g., as shown in fig. 1). Thereby creating a pattern 7 as depicted, for example, in fig. 3. In this case, the printed layer 3 is applied spatially directly on the conductive coating 2. The area of the rest position of the windshield wipers is located completely in the edge area of the glass pane 1 coated with the black print 4.

In a fourth method step D, similar to the fourth method step D in fig. 4, the printed layer 3 is fired, wherein the underlying conductive coating 2 is decomposed and a pattern 7 with line-shaped printed areas 11 and non-printed areas 10 is produced (see, for example, fig. 3). The linear print area 11 does not have the properties of conductivity and reflection of heat radiation. The non-printed areas 10 are coated with a conductive coating 2. The pattern 7 is hardly or not at all visually perceptible to an observer due to the black print 4 on the inner surface i of the glass pane 1.

In a fifth method step E, the first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2 are printed onto the edge region of the pattern 7. The bus bars 8.1, 8.2 are provided for connection to a voltage source 9. Here, the arrangement of the first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2 on the pattern 7 is such that the current path between the busbars 8.1, 8.2 and through the pattern 7 is as large as possible (as described and shown, for example, in fig. 3). The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 contain, for example, silver particles and are applied in a screen-printing process and then fired.

The first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 are printed such that they are electrically insulated from the surrounding electrically heatable coating 2 of the non-printed areas 10 within the removal pattern 7 (see e.g. fig. 3). The first and second bus bars 8.1, 8.2 are electrically insulated from the conductive coating 2 outside the pattern 7, for example by an electrically insulating layer. The insulating layer is for example a polyimide based polymer coating. In the embodiment shown, the first and second busbars 8.1, 8.2 have a constant thickness of, for example, about 10 μm and a constant specific resistance of, for example, 2.3 μ Ω · cm.

Unlike in fig. 4 and 5, a method for manufacturing a glass sheet 100 formed into a composite glass sheet in accordance with the present invention is shown in fig. 6. The glass sheet 100 obtained by means of the method shown here is for example a windscreen as shown in fig. 2 and 2 a.

In a first method step a, an uncoated vitreous glass plate 1 is provided. The vitreous glass pane 1 has outer surfaces a, III, inner surfaces i, IV, a lower edge VI and an upper edge V. The vitreous glass plate 1 is transparent and consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of approximately 1.6 mm.

In a second method step B, the electrically conductive coating 2 is applied completely to the outer surfaces a, III of the glass pane 1, from which the edge regions of the glass pane 1 have been removed. The region extending along the circumferential side edge VII is the edge region of the glass pane 1. The circumferential lateral edges VII comprise the upper edge V, the lower edge VI and the left and right lateral edges of the vitreous glass pane 1. The width of the edge region of the vitreous glass plate 1 is, for example, 10 mm. The term "width" is understood to mean the dimension of the edge region of the vitreous glass pane 1 perpendicular to the lateral edge VII of the vitreous glass pane 1.

The conductive coating 2 is for example a transparent coating that reflects IR radiation. The electrically conductive coating 2 has, for example, three electrically conductive silver layers, which are separated from one another by dielectric layers.

In a third method step C, the printed layer 3 is applied locally on the conductive coating 2 by means of screen printing. The print layer 3 is applied here in the vicinity of the lower edge VI in the region intended as a rest position for the windshield wipers in the finished glass pane 100 (as shown for example in fig. 2). In a plan view of the glass pane 1, a pattern 7 is formed by applying the print layer 3, which consists of a sinusoidally extending area covered with the print layer 3 and a sinusoidally extending non-printed area 10. The print layer 3 contains, for example, pigment and glass frit. The frit is formed, for example, based on bismuth zinc borate. The printed layer 3 has a decomposition property to the conductive coating 2.

In a fourth method step D, the printed layer 3 is fired, wherein the underlying conductive coating 2 is decomposed and a line-shaped printed region 11 is produced, as described for example for fig. 3. The linear print area 11 does not have the properties of conductivity and reflection of heat radiation. The pattern 7 is provided for electrical connection to the first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2 so that a heating current can flow through the non-printed area 10 (as described and shown in fig. 3, for example). The first busbar 8.1 and the second busbar 8.2 are here preferably connected to the pattern 7 in such a way that the current path between the busbars 8.1, 8.2 has the largest possible length.

In a fifth method step E, a thermoplastic film 5' is arranged over the entire surface of the uncoated inner surfaces i, IV of the glass pane 1 and the electrically conductive coating 2. The thermoplastic film 5' is formed, for example, based on polyvinyl butyral.

In a sixth method step F, a second vitreous glass pane 6 is arranged over the entire face and congruent on the surface of the thermoplastic film 5' facing away from the vitreous glass pane 1, and the resulting layer stack is laminated to form a glass pane 100 according to the invention. During lamination, the thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 is formed from the thermoplastic film 5'. The lamination is performed for about 2 hours at elevated pressure of about 10 to 15 bar and temperature of 130 to 145 c, for example using an autoclave process. The second vitreous glass pane 6 has an inner surface II facing the thermoplastic interlayer 5 and an outer surface I facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 5. The second vitreous glass plate 6 is transparent and consists, for example, of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of about 2.1 mm.

The conductive coating 2 is protected from corrosion by the arrangement between the first and second

vitreous glass plates

1, 6.

List of reference numerals

1. Vitreous glass plate

2. Conductive coating

3. Printing layer

4. Black printed matter

5. Thermoplastic interlayer

5' thermoplastic film

6. Second vitreous glass plate

7. Pattern(s)

8.1 First bus bar

8.2 Second bus bar

9. Voltage source

10. Non-printing area

11. Printing area

12.1, 12.2 connecting wire

100. Glass plate

a outer surface of the vitreous glass plate 1

i inner surface of vitreous glass plate 1

Outer surface of the second vitreous glass pane 6 of the I-composite glass pane

II inner surface of the second vitreous glass plate 6 of the composite glass plate

III outer surface of vitreous glass plate 1 in composite glass plate

Inner surface of vitreous glass plate 1 of IV composite glass plate

V upper edge

VI lower seamed edge

VII surrounding side edge

A-A' cross section through the glass sheet 100 of FIG. 2

A first method step

B second method step

C third method step

D fourth method step

E fifth method step

F sixth method step

Claims

1. Method for manufacturing a glass sheet (100), wherein:

(A) Providing a vitreous glass pane (1) having an outer surface (a) and an inner surface (i), the outer surface (a) or the inner surface (i) of which is at least partially provided with an electrically conductive coating (2),

(B) Applying a printed layer (3) on at least two line-shaped areas of the electrically conductive coating (2), and

(C) Firing the printed layer (3), whereby the conductive coating (2) located below the printed layer (3) is decomposed and opaque line-shaped printed areas (11) are produced from each line-shaped area with the printed layer (3),

wherein at least one unprinted area (10) with an electrically conductive coating (2) is located between the at least two line-shaped printed areas (11),

wherein the at least one unprinted region (10) forms a heating current path extending between the first and second connection regions, and

wherein the at least two non-transparent line-shaped printed areas (11) are formed such that the heating current path is longer than the direct connection between the first and second connection areas.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least two line-shaped areas of the conductive coating (2) on which the printed layer (3) is applied extend substantially in parallel, preferably substantially in parallel, with reference to their direction of extension and form at least one non-printed area (10) in strips.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in method step (B) the printed layer (3) is applied on n line-shaped areas of the conductive coating (2), wherein n is a natural number and is greater than 2, preferably greater than 10, particularly preferably greater than 30, in particular greater than 100, and

wherein (n-1) unprinted areas (10) with the conductive coating (2) are located between the n linear printed areas (11).

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the at least two line-shaped areas of the electrically conductive coating (2) on which the printed layer (3) is applied are sinusoidal, meander/wave-shaped or zigzag-shaped or formed as a combination thereof.

5. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in process step (A), firstly

(A1) Providing a vitreous glass plate (1), then

(A2) A conductive coating (2) is applied to the outer surface (a) or the inner surface (i) of a glass pane (1) by means of magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrically conductive coating (2) has three electrically conductive silver layers, which are separated from each other by dielectric layers.

7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after method steps (A), (B) or (C) a first busbar (8.1) is applied on all first connection regions and a second busbar (8.2) is applied on all second connection regions, and the first and second busbars (8.1, 8.2) are provided for connection to a voltage source (9).

8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the first busbar (8.1) and the second busbar (8.2) are applied on the first and second connection areas by means of placing, gluing or welding.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the print layer (3) comprises a pigment and a glass frit, and the glass frit is formed based on bismuth zinc borate.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least 2 line-shaped regions are located in an edge region of the vitreous glass pane (1) and the edge region is arranged in a strip along a lower edge (VI) of the vitreous glass pane (1).

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one unprinted region (10) has an average width of 500 μ ι η to 5mm, preferably 600 μ ι η to 2mm, in particular 700 μ ι η to 1mm.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one unprinted region (10) has a width of 500 μ ι η to 5mm, preferably 600 μ ι η to 2mm, in particular 700 μ ι η to 1mm consecutively.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein an electrically conductive coating (2) is applied on the outer surface (a) of the vitreous glass pane (1) and after method step (C) a thermoplastic film (5 ') is arranged on the outer surface (a), and then a second vitreous glass pane (6) is arranged with one surface on the thermoplastic film (5') so as to form a layer stack, which is then laminated to a composite glass pane.

14. Glass sheet (100) produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Use of a glazing panel (100) according to claim 14 in a vehicle for land, air or water traffic, in particular in a motor vehicle, for example as a windscreen, rear window, side window and/or sunroof or as a component thereof, preferably as a windscreen.