CN115941052A - Quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on single modulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on a single modulator. The system comprises a sending end, a communication receiving end and a perception receiving end: the transmitting end comprises a polarization division multiplexing Mach-Zehnder modulator, an external cavity laser, a waveform generator, a polarization controller, a polarization beam splitter, a fiber Bragg grating, an optical coupler, a photoelectric detector, a transmitting antenna and the like; the communication receiving end comprises a receiving antenna, a mixer and an oscilloscope; the perception receiving end comprises a receiving antenna, two mixers and an oscilloscope; the system adopts the time division multiplexing LFM-MQAM signal, which is equivalent to inserting the block pilot frequency, can generate a broadband LFM signal and improve the ranging precision; outputting an optical signal with an even-order sideband dominating position through the fiber Bragg grating, and assisting the photoelectric detector to beat frequency to generate a high-frequency millimeter wave signal; the communication and sensing function sharing device avoids hardware resource waste and improves device integration level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on a single modulator.
Background
With the continuous evolution of emerging services such as automatic driving, unmanned aerial vehicles, immersive augmented reality, industrial internet and the like, the future data-driven intelligent application breaks through the boundary between three application scenes, namely enhanced mobile broadband, low-delay high-reliability communication and super-large-scale machine communication in the existing 5 th generation mobile communication system. The 6 th generation mobile communication system is divided into more detailed scenes, and simultaneously needs to meet the multi-dimensional extreme performance requirements. In the past communication mode, the communication and the sensing function are independent, and due to the lack of feedback information brought by the sensing function, the communication quality cannot be received in real time at a sending end, so that certain negative effects are caused on the efficiency. If the communication part and the sensing part of the system can be combined to a certain extent, and the integration of the communication and sensing functions on one device is realized, the communication quality of the system can be greatly improved, and the power consumption and the hardware cost are reduced. There is good development space in the application of the future 6G technology. In future intelligent application, not only more extreme communication performance is required, but also environment sensing is required to be carried out in real time by means of technologies such as positioning, detection and imaging, sensing information is required to be transmitted to computing power nodes which are widely distributed by means of ultra-wideband communication, intelligent processing, decision and control of the sensing information are carried out, and ideal end-to-end performance is finally achieved. The 6G is not only a pipeline for simply transmitting bits by taking people as a center, but also an intelligent and simple network facing to human-computer full interconnection, which can sense everything, link everything and generate wisdom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on a single modulator, which has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, strong frequency multiplication capacity and flexible and adjustable frequency, so as to realize the hardware resource sharing of communication equipment and perception equipment and realize high-speed communication and high-precision perception.
The invention provides a quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on a single modulator, which comprises a sending end, a communication receiving end and a perception receiving end, wherein the sending end comprises: wherein:
(1) A transmitting end, comprising:
an External Cavity Laser (ECL), wherein light waves emitted by the laser are injected into a PDM-MZM modulator, are divided into two paths by a 3-dB coupler built in the PDM-MZM, and respectively enter two sub-modulators (MZM 1 and MZM 2) of the PDM-MZM, wherein one part of the two sub-modulators is modulated by the sub-modulator MZM1 working at the maximum bias point to generate even-order sidebands; the other part is modulated by a sub-modulator MZM2 which works at a minimum bias point and is used for de-chirping echo signals received by a sensing end;
an Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) for generating time-division multiplexed LFM, MQAM signals for driving a sub-modulator MZM1 of the optical modulator PDM-MZM;
a polarization division multiplexing Mach-Zehnder modulator (PDM-MZM) comprising two sub-modulators (MZM 1 and MZM 2), a 90-degree Polarization Rotator (PR), and a Polarization Beam Combiner (PBC); MZM1 is used for modulating the electric signal generated by the AWG to an optical carrier, and MZM2 is used for chirp removal of the echo signal after down-conversion; PBC synthesizes the two paths of signals into a polarization multiplexing signal and outputs the polarization multiplexing signal;
a Polarization Controller (PC) for controlling the polarization state of the PDM-MZM output signal;
the Polarization Beam Splitter (PBS) is used for splitting the optical signal which is modulated by the PDM-MZM and passes through the polarization controller into two paths;
a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) for suppressing the optical carrier of the signal output by the MZM-1 and outputting +/-2-order and +/-4-order sideband optical signals;
the two optical couplers are marked as a first optical coupler PM-OC1 and a second optical coupler PM-OC2, wherein the first optical coupler PM-OC1 is used for dividing an optical signal which is modulated by PDM-MZM and subjected to optical carrier suppression by a fiber Bragg grating into two paths, and the second optical coupler PM-OC2 is used for coupling a downstream optical signal separated by the polarization beam splitter with a-4-order sideband optical signal selected by a Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS);
two Photodetectors (PD) for performing photoelectric conversion at a beat frequency, wherein at the transmitting part, the beat frequency generates time division multiplexing LFM, MQAM signals of a millimeter wave frequency band; for the sensing part, the electrical signal generated by PD2 beat frequency is used for de-chirp;
a Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) for selecting-4 order sidebands for use as a reference for the radar;
and the transmitting antenna is used for transmitting millimeter wave time division multiplexing LFM and MQAM signals generated after the self-frequency-taking.
(2) A communication receiving end comprising:
a communication receiving antenna for receiving the millimeter wave signal;
a mixer for down-converting the received communication signal from the transmitting end;
an oscilloscope is used for detecting the received communication signal and observing the time domain waveform and the frequency spectrogram of the signal.
(3) Perception receiving terminal includes:
a sensing receiving antenna for acquiring the signal reflected from the receiving end;
one mixer is used for converting the frequency of the received reflection signal to a lower frequency for down-conversion processing, and the other mixer is used for performing down-conversion processing on the signal subjected to PD2 beat frequency, so that sampling of an oscilloscope is facilitated;
an oscilloscope is used for detecting the received sensing signal and observing the time domain waveform and the frequency spectrogram of the signal.
The invention provides a millimeter wave communication perception integrated transmission system, which adopts the following perception ranging principle:
assume a sampling frequency of f s The frequency modulation slope is k, tau represents the time delay of the echo signal, c is the speed of light, and the instantaneous frequency f of the W-band LFM signal N Comprises the following steps:
f N ＝4f s +4kt；(1)
at the sensing demodulation end, the frequency of the dechirped signal output by the second photodetector PD2 is 4k τ, the target is moved to another position to obtain another dechirped signal with the frequency of 4k τ', the frequency difference Δ f between the two positions is calculated, and the distance difference L between the two positions is obtained as:
in the invention, the time division multiplexing LFM-MQAM signal is adopted, which is equivalent to inserting the block pilot frequency, and the broadband LFM signal can be generated, thereby improving the ranging precision;
according to the invention, an optical signal with even-order sidebands dominant is output through the fiber Bragg grating, and the first PD1 beat frequency of the photoelectric detector is assisted to generate a high-frequency millimeter wave signal.
In the invention, the communication signal is a multi-carrier MQAM signal, and the sensing signal is a linear frequency modulation signal.
In the invention, the communication and sensing functions share equipment, thereby avoiding the waste of hardware resources.
The invention also relates to a communication perception integrated transmission method based on the LFM-MQAM signal based on the transmission system, which comprises the following specific steps:
at a transmitting end, a light wave injection modulator PDM-MZM emitted by an external cavity laser is divided into two paths by a 3-dB coupler built in the PDM-MZM, and the two paths respectively enter two sub-modulators (MZM 1 and MZM 2) of the PDM-MZM, wherein one part of the light wave is modulated by a first sub-modulator MZM1 working at a maximum bias point to generate even-order sidebands, the even-order sidebands and the other part of the light wave modulated by a second sub-modulator MZM2 working at a minimum bias point are synthesized and output by a polarization beam combiner built in an optical modulator, an optical carrier with dominant positions of +/-2-order and +/-4-order sidebands output by an FBG are divided into an upper path and a lower path by a first optical coupler PM-OC1, an upper path optical carrier output by the first optical coupler PM-OC1 is subjected to beat frequency by a first optical detector PD1 to generate a high-frequency millimeter wave for a communication function, and a lower path optical carrier output by the first optical coupler PM-OC1 is used as a part of a reference signal for sensing a receiving end radar by a wavelength selection switch;
a first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) divides an upper sideband signal and a lower sideband signal of a Bragg grating output signal, the upper sideband signal is used for communication and perception through subsequent processing, and the lower sideband signal is used as a reference optical signal of a ranging receiving end;
an upper sideband optical signal output by the first optical coupler PM-OC1 enters the first photoelectric detector PD1 to complete beat frequency;
the first photoelectric detector PD1 completes the beat frequency photoelectric conversion to obtain an LFM-MQAM signal of a millimeter wave band, and the generation of a communication sensing signal is completed;
the signals are transmitted through an antenna and sent to a wireless channel;
at a communication receiving end, after wireless receiving through communication receiving, coherent demodulation is carried out on communication signals, and the demodulation mode is consistent with the modulation mode;
at a perception receiving end, receiving a reflected ranging signal through an antenna;
driving a sub-modulator MZM2 of the PDM-MZM modulator working at a minimum bias point by using a down-conversion signal obtained by mixing with a local oscillator signal, and coupling-4-order sideband optical signals output by the WSS by using a second optical coupler PM-OC 2;
the second photodetector PD2 receives the coupling signal output by the second optical coupler PM-OC2, beats the frequency to obtain a frequency peak, transmits LFM signals to the two targets, calculates the difference between the two frequency peaks, and can solve the distance between the two targets.
By this point, the system has completed the functions of sensing ranging and communication.
Compared with the prior art, the invention generates the time division multiplexing LFM and MQAM signals of millimeter wave bands by utilizing optical heterodyne beat frequency based on a single modulator and a single ECL, realizes the integration of sensing and communication equipment hardware resources, improves the integration level of hardware, and simultaneously meets the trend that the communication signal frequency band with higher frequency is gradually overlapped with the radar signal spectrum band in the future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a single modulator-based quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system architecture of the invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: the optical modulator comprises a laser generator ECL 1, an arbitrary waveform generator AWG 2, a sub-modulator MZM1 of an optical modulator PDM-MZM 3, a polarization beam combiner PBC of the optical modulator PDM-MZM 6, a polarization controller PC 7, a polarization beam splitter PBS 8, a fiber bragg grating FBG 9, a first optical coupler PM-OC1 10, a first photodetector PD1, a first photodetector PD 12, a transmitting antenna HA1, a receiving antenna HA2 for communication 13, a local oscillator ELO1 for communication 14, a first mixer 15 for communication 15, an oscilloscope OSC for communication 16, a wavelength selection switch s for communication 17, a second mixer 18 for communication 18, an ELO2 for communication 19, a receiving antenna HA3 for sensing 20, a target for measurement 21, a second optical coupler PM-OC2 for communication 22, a second optical coupler PD-OC 2 for 23, a second optical coupler PD2 for sensing 24, a third optical coupler wspc 25.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a quadruple frequency communication perception integrated transmission system based on a single modulator, the architecture of which is shown in figure 1, wherein:
in a transmitting end, based on time division multiplexing LFM, MQAM signals are generated by MATLAB programming, and because MQAM signals of communication functions are frequency-multiplied, the MQAM signals are pre-coded at the stage and then uploaded to an arbitrary waveform generator (2). The intermediate frequency signal generated by the arbitrary waveform generator (2) drives a first sub-modulator MZM1 (3) of the optical modulator to modulate the optical carrier output by the laser (1) to generate even-order sidebands. The polarization beam combiner PBC (6) of the PDM-MZM synthesizes two signals of the two sub-modulators into a polarization multiplexing signal to be output, the polarization multiplexing signal output by the polarization beam combiner PBC (6) is divided into two paths by a polarization beam splitter (8) after the polarization state is controlled by a polarization controller (7), one path is continuously divided into two paths by a first optical coupler PM-OC1 (10) after the optical carrier is inhibited by an optical fiber Bragg grating (9), and the upper path is transmitted by a proper transmitting antenna (12) after the beat frequency of a first photoelectric detector PD1 (11).
At the communication receiving end, the millimeter wave signal is received by a communication receiving antenna (12) by the W band for the communication function. The communication signal is down-converted by a first mixer (15) by using a fixed frequency signal generated by a local oscillator ELO1 (14), the demodulation mode corresponds to the modulation mode, the MQAM signal is recovered by using a series of digital signal processing, and the signal is received by an oscilloscope (16).
At a perception receiving end, an echo signal from a measured target (21) is received through a perception receiving antenna (20), the down-conversion of the signal is completed at a second mixer (18) and a local oscillator ELO2 (19), the down-converted signal is transmitted back to an optical modulator PDM-MZM to drive a second sub-modulator MZM2 (4) to perform chirp removal, and the down-converted signal and a signal output by a first sub-modulator MZM1 (3) are combined into a polarization multiplexing signal through a polarization beam combiner PBC (6) after passing through a 90-degree polarization rotator PR (5) to be output. A sending end is coupled with a drop signal separated by a polarization beam splitter (8) at a second optical coupler PM-OC2 (22) after a wavelength selection switch (17) selects a-4-order sideband optical signal from a drop optical signal separated by a first optical coupler PM-OC1 (10), then photoelectric conversion is completed through beat frequency of a second photoelectric detector PD2 (23), and a received signal is detected through an OSC oscilloscope (25) after down-conversion of a third frequency mixer (24).
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of practicing the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a quadruple frequency communication perception integration transmission system based on single modulator which characterized in that includes sending terminal, communication receiving terminal, perception receiving terminal: wherein:
the sending end comprises:
a polarization division multiplexing Mach-Zehnder modulator (PDM-MZM) comprised of a first sub-modulator (MZM 1), a second sub-modulator (MZM 2), a 90-degree Polarization Rotator (PR), and a Polarization Beam Combiner (PBC); the first sub-modulator (MZM 1) is used for modulating the electric signal generated by the waveform generator (AWG) onto an optical carrier, and the second sub-modulator (MZM 2) is used for dechirping the echo signal after down-conversion; the Polarization Beam Combiner (PBC) combines the two paths of signals into a polarization multiplexing signal and outputs the polarization multiplexing signal;
an External Cavity Laser (ECL), light waves emitted by the external cavity laser are injected into a polarization division multiplexing Mach-Zehnder modulator (PDM-MZM), a 3-dB coupler arranged in the modulator (PDM-MZM) is divided into two paths, and the two paths respectively enter a first sub-modulator (MZM 1) and a second sub-modulator (MZM 2) of the modulator (PDM-MZM), wherein one part of the two paths is modulated by the sub-modulator (MZM 1) working at the maximum bias point to generate even-order sidebands; the other part is modulated by a second sub-modulator (MZM 2) which works at a minimum bias point and is used for de-chirping the echo signals received at the sensing end;
a Waveform Generator (AWG) for generating time division multiplexed LFM, MQAM signals for driving the optical first sub-modulator (MZM 1);
a Polarization Controller (PC) for controlling the polarization state of the output signal of the modulator (PDM-MZM);
a Polarization Beam Splitter (PBS) for splitting the optical signal modulated by the modulator (PDM-MZM) and passing through the polarization controller into two paths;
a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) for suppressing the optical carrier of the signal outputted from the first sub-modulator (MZM-1) and outputting + -2-order and + -4-order sideband optical signals;
the optical coupler comprises two optical couplers, namely a first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) and a second optical coupler (PM-OC 2), wherein the first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) is used for dividing an optical signal which is modulated by a modulator (PDM-MZM) and subjected to optical carrier suppression by a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) into two paths; a second optical coupler (PM-OC 2) for coupling the drop optical signal split by the Polarization Beam Splitter (PBS) with a-4 th order sideband optical signal selected by the Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS);
two Photodetectors (PD), namely a first photodetector (PD 1) and a second photodetector (PD 2), for performing a photoelectric conversion at a beat frequency; wherein, in the sending part, the first photoelectric detector (PD 1) generates time division multiplexing LFM, MQAM signal of millimeter wave frequency band by beat frequency; for the sensing part, the electrical signal generated by the beat frequency of the second photodetector (PD 2) is used for de-chirping;
a Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) for selecting-4 order sidebands for use as a reference for the radar;
the transmitting antenna is used for transmitting millimeter wave time division multiplexing LFM and MQAM signals generated after self-frequency shooting;
the communication receiving end comprises:
a communication receiving antenna for receiving the millimeter wave signal;
a mixer for down-converting the received communication signal from the transmitting end;
an oscilloscope for detecting the received communication signal and observing the time domain waveform and the frequency spectrogram of the signal;
the perception receiving end comprises:
a sensing receiving antenna for acquiring the signal reflected from the receiving end;
one mixer is used for converting the frequency of the received reflection signal to a lower frequency for down-conversion processing, and the other mixer is used for down-converting the signal subjected to beat frequency by the second photoelectric detector (PD 2) so as to be beneficial to sampling by an oscilloscope;
an oscilloscope is used for detecting the received sensing signal and observing the time domain waveform and the frequency spectrogram of the signal.
2. The frequency-quadruple communication perception integrated transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that a time-division multiplexed LFM-MQAM signal is used, which is equivalent to inserting a block pilot, and a wideband LFM signal can be generated, thereby improving ranging accuracy.
3. The frequency-quadruple communication perception integrated transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that an optical signal with even-order sidebands dominant is output through a fiber bragg grating, and a high-frequency millimeter wave signal is generated by a Photo Detector (PD) in a beat frequency manner.
4. The frequency quadrupler communication perception integrated transmission system of claim 1, wherein the communication signals are multi-carrier MQAM signals, and the perception signals are chirp signals.
5. The frequency-quadruple communication perception integrated transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the communication and perception functions share devices to avoid waste of hardware resources.
6. The frequency-quadruple communication perception integrated transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that the work flow is:
at a sending end, a light wave emitted by an external cavity laser is injected into a modulator (PDM-MZM), and a 3-dB coupler built in the modulator (PDM-MZM) is divided into two paths which respectively enter two sub-modulators (MZM 1 and MZM 2); wherein one part is modulated by a first sub-modulator (MZM 1) operating at a maximum bias point, generating even-order sidebands, and the other part is modulated by a second sub-modulator (MZM 2) operating at a minimum bias point; the modulated two parts of light waves are synthesized and output by a Polarization Beam Combiner (PBC) arranged in the optical modulator, a first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) divides optical carriers with dominant + -2-order and + -4-order sidebands output by the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) into an upper path and a lower path, an upper path of optical carriers output by the first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) generate high-frequency millimeter waves for a communication function through beat frequency of a first photodetector (PD 1), and a lower path of optical carriers output by the first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) are used as a part of reference signals for sensing a receiving end radar through a wavelength selection switch;
a first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) divides an upper sideband signal and a lower sideband signal of a Bragg grating output signal, the upper sideband signal is used for communication and perception through subsequent processing, and the lower sideband signal is used as a reference optical signal of a ranging receiving end;
an upper sideband optical signal output by the first optical coupler (PM-OC 1) enters the first photoelectric detector (PD 1) to complete beat frequency;
the method comprises the steps that a first photoelectric detector (PD 1) performs beat frequency to complete photoelectric conversion to obtain an LFM-MQAM signal of a millimeter wave band, and the generation of a communication sensing signal is completed;
the signal is transmitted by a transmitting antenna and sent to a wireless channel;
at a communication receiving end, after wireless receiving through communication receiving, coherent demodulation is carried out on communication signals, and the demodulation mode is consistent with the modulation mode;
at a perception receiving end, receiving the reflected ranging signals through a perception receiving antenna;
a down-conversion signal obtained by mixing with a local oscillator signal is used for driving a second sub-modulator (MZM 2) working at a minimum bias point, and a second optical coupler (PM-OC 2) is coupled with a-4-order sideband optical signal output by a Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS);
the second photoelectric detector (PD 2) receives the coupling signal output by the second optical coupler (PM-OC 2), beats the frequency to obtain a frequency peak value, respectively transmits LFM signals to the two targets, calculates the difference between the two frequency peak values, and can solve the distance between the two targets;
at this point, the sensing ranging and communication functions are completed.
7. The frequency-quadruple communication perception integrated transmission system according to claim 6, wherein the perception ranging principle is as follows:
assume a sampling frequency of f s The frequency modulation slope is k, tau represents the time delay of the echo signal, c is the speed of light, and the instantaneous frequency f of the W-band LFM signal N Comprises the following steps:
f N ＝4f s +4kt；(1)
at the sensing demodulation end, the frequency of the de-frequency modulation signal output by the second photoelectric detector (PD 2) is 4k tau, the target is moved to another position, another de-frequency modulation signal with the frequency of 4k tau' is obtained, the frequency difference delta f between the two positions is calculated, and the distance difference L between the two positions is obtained as:
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