CN115931132A - Infrared polarization detection system, device and method - Google Patents
Infrared polarization detection system, device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115931132A CN115931132A CN202310135292.9A CN202310135292A CN115931132A CN 115931132 A CN115931132 A CN 115931132A CN 202310135292 A CN202310135292 A CN 202310135292A CN 115931132 A CN115931132 A CN 115931132A
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Abstract
An infrared polarization detection system, an infrared polarization detection device and an infrared polarization detection method relate to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and realize accurate detection of substrate abnormity covered by a coating. The system comprises an infrared illumination subsystem, an infrared polarization detection subsystem, an image acquisition and processing subsystem and a circuit control subsystem; the infrared illumination subsystem comprises a luminous illumination light source unit; the infrared polarization detection subsystem comprises infrared polarization detector units, a lens unit and a condenser lens unit which are arranged in series and have the same optical axis, the condenser lens unit is used for converging reflected light rays, then the reflected light rays enter the lens unit and are captured by the infrared polarization detector unit, and the infrared polarization detector unit is used for modulating polarized light of different angles to generate polarization characteristic images; the image acquisition and processing subsystem comprises a video conversion board unit and a computer unit, and the circuit control subsystem comprises a power supply unit and an electronic board unit; the video conversion board unit and the electronic board unit convert the optical signals into electric signals and transmit the electric signals to the computer unit to form image information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, in particular to an infrared polarization detection system, device and method.
Background
The coating is used as the most common and effective protection technology and is widely applied to various fields of oceans, chemical engineering, traffic, national defense and the like. Since failure of the coating is a process that goes from quantitative to qualitative, this turning point often does not match the inspection and maintenance cycles of the protected article and structure. This is likely to occur when visual inspection is performed at a certain stage or node, and the metal under the coating is actually corroded, which brings the hidden danger of corrosion damage and other risks of involvement accidents. For a long time, the nondestructive detection of plate corrosion under a coating is a difficult problem which troubles the manufacturing industry.
Compared with the traditional photoelectric imaging detection technology, the polarization imaging detection technology can obtain the radiation intensity information of a target scene, can also obtain polarization parameters such as polarization degree, polarization angle, polarization ellipse ratio and the like, increases the dimensionality of the detected target scene information, and has important significance for improving the target detection and identification. Because the polarization characteristics determined by the properties of the objects can be generated in the process of reflecting and radiating the electromagnetic radiation by the objects, different states of different objects or the same object often have different polarization states in a thermal infrared band, the polarization characteristics of the target can be represented after imaging according to the polarization characteristics of reflection or radiation of the surface material of the target, the edge profile characteristics are enhanced, and the defects of the traditional infrared imaging can be overcome to a certain extent.
At present, the existing substrate detection device under coating generally uses broad spectrum light except infrared wavelength, and the device can be irradiated by sunlight or ambient light when in use, which can cause thermal effect, and influence image information obtained by substrate radiation heat, and can generate negative influence on the quality of analysis coating substrate. These devices are usually kept at a distance from the surface of the object to be analyzed, allowing for interference from factors such as stray light, radiation and thermal radiation. In addition, many prior art devices cause varying degrees of injury to the human eye and are dangerous to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an infrared polarization detection system, device and method in order to realize accurate detection of substrate abnormity covered by a coating.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an infrared polarization detection system comprises an infrared illumination subsystem, an infrared polarization detection subsystem, an image acquisition and processing subsystem and a circuit control subsystem; the infrared illumination subsystem, the infrared polarization detection subsystem and the image acquisition and processing subsystem are all controlled by the circuit control subsystem;
the infrared illumination subsystem comprises a luminous illumination light source unit for emitting high-energy infrared radiation to a target object;
the infrared polarization detection subsystem comprises an infrared polarization detector unit, a lens unit and a condenser lens unit, all the units are arranged in series and have the same optical axis, the condenser lens unit is used for converging medium wave infrared light reflected by the surface of the coating, then the medium wave infrared light enters the lens unit and is captured by the infrared polarization detector unit, and the infrared polarization detector unit is used for modulating polarized light at different angles to generate polarization characteristic images;
the image acquisition and processing subsystem comprises a video conversion board unit and a computer unit, and the circuit control subsystem comprises a power supply unit and an electronic board unit; the video conversion board unit and the electronic board unit are used for converting optical signals into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the computer unit to form image information which can be observed, processed and analyzed; the power supply unit is used for continuously supplying power to the whole system.
Preferably, the infrared illumination subsystem further comprises a reflector unit, and the reflecting surface of the reflector unit is a paraboloid.
Preferably, the light emitting illumination light source unit includes at least two light sources arranged in parallel to emit light simultaneously, and the reflector unit includes at least two reflection devices.
Preferably, the light-emitting illumination light source unit is disposed at a focal point of the reflector unit, so that each light ray emitted from the light source is reflected by the paraboloid, and the reflected light ray is emitted in parallel to the direction of the target object.
Preferably, the infrared polarization detector unit generates polarization characteristic images by modulating polarized light of different angles through a focal plane array.
Preferably, the power supply unit is a rechargeable battery.
Preferably, the circuit control subsystem further comprises a fan unit for providing a heat dissipation function.
The infrared polarization detection device comprises the infrared polarization detection system and a shell structure, wherein the infrared polarization detection system is integrated in the shell structure, the shell structure comprises a radiating fin unit and an open window unit, and rubber materials are arranged on the outer edge of the open window unit.
An infrared polarization detection method applying the infrared polarization detection device as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, placing an open window unit on the surface of a target object and carrying out soft contact;
s2, turning on the light-emitting illumination light source unit, emitting infrared light beams to irradiate on the surface coating of the target object, reflecting the infrared light beams by the reflector unit for multiple times, and finally capturing the infrared light beams by the infrared polarization detector unit I through the lens unit;
s3, opening the infrared polarization detector unit, collecting polarization characteristic images generated by polarized light of different angles, and performing data processing through the image collecting and processing subsystem to finally obtain four polarization components of the infrared band: degree of polarization, angle of polarization, linear polarization, and circular polarization images.
Preferably, the polarization feature images in step S3 include polarization images corresponding to 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.
Compared with the prior art, the invention solves the technical problem that the substrate abnormity covered by the coating is difficult to accurately detect, and has the following specific beneficial effects:
the infrared polarization detection system provided by the invention utilizes the polarization characteristic of infrared light, reduces or eliminates the influence of ambient light or radiation on the analysis process by acting in the infrared range, the infrared wavelength has a penetrating effect on the coating, the infrared polarization light combined with the polarization characteristic enables the imaging details to be clearer and have higher contrast, the corrosion and the defects under the surface of the painted metal, plastic or composite material can be imaged in a nondestructive and real-time manner, the stress fracture, the defects, the corrosion and other abnormalities of the substrate under the surface of the coating can be detected in a nondestructive manner, and the target detection which is more portable, energy-saving and more accurate can be realized in a simple and effective manner.
The invention can be applied to the detection work of the lower substrate covered by the coating, is particularly suitable for detecting the early corrosion under the surface of the shell of a painted vehicle, and can also be used for surface detection of military hardware, petroleum and natural gas pipelines, chemical storage tanks, airplanes, ships, submarines, nuclear power pipelines and antenna disks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an infrared polarization detection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a focal plane array of infrared polarization detection units;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a handheld device according to an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an infrared illumination subsystem; 2. an infrared polarization detection subsystem; 3. an image acquisition and processing subsystem; 4. a circuit control subsystem; 5. a housing structure;
11. a light emitting illumination light source unit; 12. a reflector unit;
21. an infrared polarization detector unit; 22. a lens unit; 23. a condenser lens unit;
31. a video conversion board unit; 32. a computer unit;
41. a power supply unit; 42. an electronic board unit; 43. a fan unit;
51. a fin unit; 52. an open window unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the specification of the present invention, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only used for better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1.
The embodiment provides an infrared polarization detection system, which comprises an infrared illumination subsystem 1, an infrared polarization detection subsystem 2, an image acquisition and processing subsystem 3 and a circuit control subsystem 4; the infrared illumination subsystem 1, the infrared polarization detection subsystem 2 and the image acquisition and processing subsystem 3 are all controlled by a circuit control subsystem 4;
the infrared illumination subsystem 1 comprises a luminous illumination light source unit 11 for emitting high-energy infrared radiation to a target object;
the infrared polarization detection subsystem 2 comprises an infrared polarization detector unit 21, a lens unit 22 and a condenser lens unit 23, all the units are arranged in series and have the same optical axis, the condenser lens unit 23 is used for converging medium wave infrared light reflected by the surface of the coating, then the medium wave infrared light enters the lens unit 22 and is captured by the infrared polarization detector unit 21, and the infrared polarization detector unit 21 is used for modulating polarized light at different angles to generate polarization characteristic images;
the image acquisition and processing subsystem 3 comprises a video conversion board unit 31 and a computer unit 32, and the circuit control subsystem 4 comprises a power supply unit 41 and an electronic board unit 42; the video conversion board unit 31 and the electronic board unit 42 are used for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to the computer unit 32, so as to form image information which can be observed, processed and analyzed; the power supply unit 41 is used to continuously supply power to the entire system.
The infrared polarization detector unit 21 of the embodiment is preferably an infrared polarization detector with an operating wavelength in the range of 3.7-4.8 μm, a resolution of 640 x 512, a maximum frame frequency of 117hz, and a netd of less than or equal to 25 mk;
the lens unit 22 is preferably made of an infrared emitting material, such as silicon (S) or germanium (Ge), and has an operating wavelength of 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm, an F value of 1.1, and a field angle of 20 °;
the light emitting illumination light source unit 11 in the infrared illumination subsystem 1 preferably uses a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure to tune and limit infrared emission within a spectral range of 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm, which provides high-energy infrared radiation with minimal energy consumption.
The infrared polarization detection system that this embodiment provided, utilize the polarization characteristic of infrared light, through play in infrared range in order to reduce or eliminate the influence of ambient light or radiation to analytic process, infrared wavelength has the penetrating action to the coating, the infrared polarization light that has combined the polarization characteristic enables the more clear contrast ratio of imaging details higher, can be to the metal of scribbling the lacquer, plastics or combined material subsurface corruption and defect carry out the real-time imaging of harmless, the stress fracture of nondestructive test coating subsurface base plate, abnormity such as defect and corrosion, realize more portablely with a simple effectual mode, light, energy-conservation and more accurate target detection.
Example 2.
This embodiment is a further example of embodiment 1, and the infrared illumination subsystem 1 further includes a reflector unit 12, and a light reflecting surface of the reflector unit 12 is a paraboloid.
Example 3.
This embodiment is a further illustration of embodiment 2, wherein the illumination light source unit 11 comprises at least two light sources, the light sources are arranged in parallel to emit light simultaneously, and the reflector unit 12 comprises at least two reflective devices.
Preferably, the 8 light sources are fixed inside the housing and offset with the viewing port so as to uniformly illuminate the viewing port at an angle of 30 ° -60 ° from a normal plane of the viewing port.
Example 4.
This embodiment is further exemplified by embodiment 3, and the light emitting illumination light source unit 11 is disposed at the focal point of the reflector unit 12, so that after each light ray emitted by the light source is reflected by the paraboloid, the reflected light ray is emitted in parallel to the direction of the target object.
Example 5.
This embodiment is further exemplified by embodiment 1, and the infrared polarization detector unit 21 generates polarization characteristic images by modulating polarized light of different angles through a focal plane array, which is schematically shown in fig. 2.
Example 6.
This embodiment is a further example of embodiment 1, and the power supply unit 41 is a rechargeable battery.
Example 7.
This embodiment is a further example of embodiment 1, and the circuit control subsystem 4 further includes a fan unit 43 for providing a heat dissipation function.
Example 8.
The present embodiment provides an infrared polarization detection apparatus, including the infrared polarization detection system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, and further including a housing structure 5, where the infrared polarization detection system is integrated inside the housing structure 5, the housing structure 5 includes a heat sink unit 51 and an open window unit 52, and an outer edge of the open window unit 52 is provided with a rubber material.
The housing structure 5 in this embodiment is rigid and temperature resistant, preferably of metal, plastic or composite material. Preferably, the housing structure 5 is an aluminum housing, enabling efficient, economical and robust packaging of the equipment assembly. Preferably, the housing structure 5 internally provides a mount for vibration and damping of the MWIR camera, and a cooling heat sink fan for removing heat generated by the operation of the camera.
The front end of the apparatus of this embodiment is preferably provided with an open window of 2 x 2 inches in size, which can be scaled according to the size of the equipment. The housing structure 5 includes heat sinks to dissipate excess heat and cool the device.
Example 9.
The present embodiment provides an infrared polarization detection method, which applies the infrared polarization detection apparatus described in embodiment 8, and the method includes the following steps:
s1, placing an open window unit 52 on the surface of a target object and carrying out soft contact;
s2, turning on the light emitting and illuminating light source unit 11, emitting infrared light beams to irradiate on a surface coating of a target object, reflecting the infrared light beams for multiple times by the reflector unit 12, and finally capturing the infrared light beams by the infrared polarization detector unit I through the lens unit 22;
s3, opening the infrared polarization detector unit 21, collecting polarization characteristic images generated by polarized light of different angles, and performing data processing through the image collecting and processing subsystem 3 to finally obtain four polarization components of an infrared band: degree of polarization, angle of polarization, linear polarization, and circular polarization images.
As an example, the calculation formula of polarization employed by the computer unit includes:
stokes vector S characterizing the polarization state of the target scene:
wherein the parameters
Representing the intensity of the light wave radiation, a parameter>
And &>
Representing the linear polarization information, parameter->
The circularly polarized component of the incident radiation is described, but in practice circularly polarized light is generally small, by default 0. Specifically, a uniform distribution of Stokes vectors of natural light due to their polarization components can be expressed as +>
. In addition, the parameters, the polarization degree and the polarization angle of the Stokes vector have the following relationship:
example 10.
This embodiment is a further illustration of embodiment 9, and the polarization feature images in step S3 include polarization images corresponding to 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.
In performing the infrared polarization imaging experiment, the infrared polarization images are acquired at the polarization directions of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °, respectively, and thus the expression of the Stokes vector can be directly found by the following formula:
this application adopts infrared medium wave wavelength to have the penetrating action to vehicle shell coating, and the infrared polarized light energy that has combined the polarization characteristic makes the more clear contrast of formation of image detail higher. Aluminum surface corrosion or defects or other surface textures typically have different reflectivity and polarization characteristics than the surrounding painted material, with a portion of the infrared light passing through the coating (top and bottom) and reflecting or scattering the substrate for capture by the infrared polarization detector unit. Some of the painted surface features can be imaged by an infrared polarization detector using a suitable infrared illumination source and visually displayed on a computer screen so that the user can see the subsurface features without damaging the painted surface.
By using only infrared wavelengths of light, thermal effects of the inspected surface can be prevented, thereby affecting the image and eliminating the possibility of damaging the surface. Furthermore, the device is eye safe, using only the power required for infrared wavelengths.
The device described in this application is designed to be placed directly on or very close to the surface to be inspected, which is a significant improvement over the prior art which requires the camera to be kept at a distance from the ground to be inspected. This requires the user to either measure the distance each time or set a distance that results in poor image quality. By directly placing the open window on the surface to be checked, distance measurement is omitted, and a good image is obtained. The infrared light source achieves an efficient conversion of electricity to infrared radiation resulting in very low heat generation, and such a compact device can be placed directly on a sensitive surface, such as paint, without causing any thermal damage.
Secondly, the lens unit is designed such that when the device is placed on the coating surface, the infrared polarization detector unit is able to capture an image in focus. By placing soft materials such as rubber on the outer edge of the open window unit, the integrity of the surface structure is not affected when the device is in contact with paint. As shown in fig. 3, the present application can be carried out by hand moving on the painted surface, and the infrared polarization detector unit will capture images in real time, which are displayed on a computer unit installed in the device; the computer unit may be further reduced in weight by removing it from the device and holding it in a separate hand or placed, for example on a wrist strap, the signal of which sensing device may be transmitted via a wireless or cable.
Claims (10)
1. An infrared polarization detection system is characterized by comprising an infrared illumination subsystem (1), an infrared polarization detection subsystem (2), an image acquisition and processing subsystem (3) and a circuit control subsystem (4); the infrared illumination subsystem (1), the infrared polarization detection subsystem (2) and the image acquisition and processing subsystem (3) are controlled by the circuit control subsystem (4);
the infrared illumination subsystem (1) comprises a luminous illumination light source unit (11) for emitting high-energy infrared radiation to a target object;
the infrared polarization detection subsystem (2) comprises an infrared polarization detector unit (21), a lens unit (22) and a condenser lens unit (23), all units are arranged in series and have the same optical axis, the condenser lens unit (23) is used for enabling medium wave infrared light reflected by the surface of the coating to converge and then enter the lens unit (22) and then be captured by the infrared polarization detector unit (21), and the infrared polarization detector unit (21) is used for modulating polarized light at different angles to generate polarization characteristic images;
the image acquisition and processing subsystem (3) comprises a video conversion board unit (31) and a computer unit (32), and the circuit control subsystem (4) comprises a power supply unit (41) and an electronic board unit (42); the video conversion board unit (31) and the electronic board unit (42) are used for converting optical signals into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the computer unit (32) to form image information which can be observed, processed and analyzed; the power supply unit (41) is used for continuously supplying power to the whole system.
2. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 1, characterized in that the infrared illumination subsystem (1) further comprises a reflector unit (12), the light reflecting surface of the reflector unit (12) being parabolic.
3. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 2, characterized in that the light-emitting illumination source unit (11) comprises at least two light sources arranged in parallel to emit light simultaneously, and the reflector unit (12) comprises at least two reflecting devices.
4. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 3, wherein the light emitting illumination source unit (11) is disposed at a focal position of the reflector unit (12) such that each light ray emitted from the light source is reflected by the paraboloid and the reflected light ray is directed in parallel to the target object.
5. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 1, characterized in that the infrared polarization detector unit (21) generates polarization signature images by modulating polarized light of different angles by a focal plane array.
6. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 1, wherein the power supply unit (41) is a rechargeable battery.
7. The infrared polarization detection system of claim 1, characterized in that the circuit control subsystem (4) further comprises a fan unit (43) for providing a heat dissipation function.
8. An infrared polarization detection device, comprising an infrared polarization detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a housing structure (5), the infrared polarization detection system being integrated inside the housing structure (5), the housing structure (5) comprising a heat sink unit (51) and an open window unit (52), the outer edge of the open window unit (52) being provided with a rubber material.
9. An infrared polarization detection method using the infrared polarization detection device according to claim 8, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, placing an open window unit (52) on the surface of a target object and carrying out soft contact;
s2, turning on the light-emitting illumination light source unit (11), emitting infrared beams to irradiate on a coating on the surface of a target object, reflecting the infrared beams for multiple times by the reflector unit (12), and finally capturing the infrared beams by the infrared polarization detector unit I through the lens unit (22);
s3, opening the infrared polarization detector unit (21), collecting polarization characteristic images generated by polarized light of different angles, and performing data processing through the image collecting and processing subsystem (3) to finally obtain four polarization components of an infrared band: degree of polarization, angle of polarization, linear polarization, and circular polarization images.
10. The infrared polarization detection method of claim 9, wherein the polarization feature images in step S3 comprise polarization images corresponding to 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 °.
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