CN115930643A - Binary working medium heat energy power device - Google Patents
Binary working medium heat energy power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115930643A CN115930643A CN202210709934.7A CN202210709934A CN115930643A CN 115930643 A CN115930643 A CN 115930643A CN 202210709934 A CN202210709934 A CN 202210709934A CN 115930643 A CN115930643 A CN 115930643A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/001—Heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
- F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A binary working medium heat energy power device relates to the technical field of engineering thermophysics and energy conservation, and comprises a cylinder barrel and a piston, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder barrel are closed, the piston can be arranged in an upper space in the cylinder barrel in a vertically moving mode, a heat exchanger is arranged below the piston in the cylinder barrel, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the heat exchanger and communicated with the outside, a binary working medium solution is injected into the cylinder barrel to be in contact with the heat exchanger for heat exchange, when a hot working medium is injected into the heat exchanger, the binary working medium absorbs heat and releases gas to push the piston to move upwards, and when a cold working medium is injected into the heat exchanger, the binary working medium releases heat and cools down and absorbs the heat of gas condensation to enable the piston to move downwards. The device has the advantages of simple structure, less power consumption and cooling liquid, high reliability and the like; the heat exchanger works in the alternating heat exchange process of variable temperature heating and variable temperature cooling, and delay switching is adopted between heating and cooling, so that the latent heat of vaporization of the binary working medium and the heat released by the change of the saturation temperature are recycled, and the heat efficiency of the heat energy power device reaches the optimal level of waste heat utilization of more than 60%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering thermophysical technology and energy-saving technology, in particular to a binary working medium heat energy power device consisting of a binary working medium heat engine and a binary working medium heat pump.
Background
Industrial furnace enterprises such as thermal power plants, internal combustion engines, steel cement and the like which utilize fossil energy at the first stage are accompanied by huge amounts of medium-low temperature waste heat of about 100-200 ℃; various expanders, refrigeration equipment and electrically driven heat pump devices of medium-low temperature energy secondary utilization technology have the problems of high manufacturing cost, long investment recovery period, complex and large device, low heat efficiency and the like, so that the expansion machine cannot be widely popularized and applied, and the closer the temperature of waste heat energy is to the environmental temperature, the greater the recycling difficulty is, and the higher the cost is. At present, part of medium-low temperature heat is recycled for tertiary utilization of energy sources such as winter heating, material drying or domestic hot water, and most of the rest heat is discharged into the environment along with smoke, steam and water, so that waste is caused, the greenhouse effect of carbon heat discharge is formed, and even harmful gas discharge is accompanied. In order to realize the cascade high-efficiency utilization of energy and supplement the energy secondary application short plate, the problem that the secondary application of medium-low temperature heat energy achieves the effect of primary utilization is solved, conditions are created for tertiary application, a novel heat energy power device such as a heat engine, a heat pump and the like driven by a medium-low temperature heat source is developed, the significance is great on energy conservation and emission reduction and the improvement of the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy, and the aim of 'double carbon' can be promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, by utilizing the saturation temperature characteristic and the vaporization and condensation temperature-pressure characteristic of a binary working medium, a novel binary working medium heat energy power device is provided, wherein the immersion heat exchanger is used for carrying out alternating temperature-changing heating and alternating temperature-changing cooling alternate delay switching heat exchange on the binary working medium, so that the binary working medium is in an alternate operation working process of expanding when being heated and contracting when being cooled, strong expansion force is generated to push a piston to do work outwards, and meanwhile, condensation heat and the like formed by contraction are recycled, so that the high-efficiency high-grade utilization of medium-temperature heat energy is realized.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: binary working medium heat energy power device, including cylinder and piston, the upper and lower end of cylinder is sealed, and the piston can be arranged in the upper space in the cylinder with reciprocating, is equipped with immersive heat exchanger below the piston in the cylinder, and immersive heat exchanger is equipped with exit and external intercommunication, has annotated binary working medium solution and has contacted the heat transfer with immersive heat exchanger in the cylinder, when pouring into hot working medium into immersive heat exchanger, binary working medium heat absorption release low boiling steam expansion promotion piston is gone upward, when pouring into cold working medium into immersive heat exchanger, binary working medium is exothermic to be cooled down and absorbs low boiling steam condensation shrink and make the piston down.
The invention has the technical effects that: the device mainly comprises a cylinder piston, an immersion type heat exchanger and a binary working medium, wherein the binary working medium is changed between expansion and contraction to move through the cold-hot alternating temperature change heat exchange of the heat exchanger so as to push the piston to reciprocate and apply work to the outside; meanwhile, through the delayed switching between the heating and the cooling of the heat exchanger, the heat released by the change of the vaporization latent heat and the saturation temperature of the binary working medium is recycled, and the heat efficiency of the heat energy power device reaches the optimal level of waste heat utilization of more than 60 percent; in addition, the device does not need vacuum pumping and rectification segregation equipment, does not have the problems of crystallization, ice blockage and the like, and has the advantages of simple structure, less power consumption and cooling liquid, high reliability and the like; the binary working media such as ammonia water and the like are cheap and widely used, the cylinder sleeve piston process is mature, the working temperature of the heat exchanger does not exceed 200 ℃, and coil type or vertical sleeve type or immersed spiral plate type mature technologies can be adopted. The medium-low temperature heat energy can be converted into the gas compression function of the heat pump through the device to improve the air inlet pressure of the engine, store energy of compressed air, pipeline transportation of natural gas and the like, the liquid compression function is used for pipeline transportation of water, water energy storage, petroleum pipeline transportation, hydraulic oil compression and mechanical work pushing and the like, and a refrigerant is compressed to realize waste heat refrigeration, solar air conditioning, an air source heat pump, a water source heat pump, low-temperature heat recovery heating and the like; the heat engine can also be converted into a heat engine with low rotating speed and can generate electricity or be mechanically dragged by accelerating; the cold source heat dissipation of the device can be used for heating and hot water, and the efficient cascade utilization of medium-low temperature heat energy is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a binary working medium heat engine of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the binary working medium heat pump of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the binary working medium heat engine shown in figure 1 comprises a cylinder barrel 1 and a piston 2, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder barrel 1 are closed, the piston 2 can be arranged in an upper space in the cylinder barrel 1 in a vertically movable mode, a heat exchanger 3 is arranged below the piston 2 in the cylinder barrel 1, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the heat exchanger 3 and communicated with the outside, a binary working medium solution is injected into the cylinder barrel 1 to be in contact with the heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, when a hot working medium is injected into the heat exchanger 3 through the inlet and the outlet, the binary working medium absorbs heat and releases steam to push the piston 2 to move upwards, and when a cold working medium is injected into the heat exchanger 3, the binary working medium releases heat and cools and absorbs steam condensation heat to enable the piston 2 to move downwards. Cold and hot working media are alternately injected into the heat exchanger, and the piston can be pushed to operate by continuous reciprocating circulation.
And a piston rod 4 for outputting work to the outside is arranged at the top of the piston 2. The piston rod is connected with external crank shaft and other parts, so that the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the piston can be converted into rotary work to output power outwards.
A plurality of spray headers 12 moving along with the piston are arranged below the piston 2, the spray headers 12 are connected with a spray pump 13 through pipelines, and the binary working medium with low temperature and dilute concentration can be pumped to the upper part and sprayed downwards by the spray headers 12. The pipeline can be connected out through the piston rod, the binary working medium with dilute concentration can be pumped to the upper part after being cooled, and the vaporized steam is absorbed by downwards spraying through the spray header so as to reduce the expansion pressure of the binary working medium. The spray header can also be arranged in a cavity below the piston.
The space above the piston can be provided with a spring which is propped against the top surface of the piston. When the binary working medium is heated and vaporized and pushes the piston upwards to do work, the spring is used for storing energy, and then in the process of steam condensation, the spring releases the energy to push the piston downwards.
The heat exchanger is an immersion type heat exchanger, and adopts a coil pipe type or vertical sleeve pipe type or immersion spiral plate type annular structure which has high pressure bearing and is adaptive to the cylinder barrel.
The binary working medium solution is a binary or multi-element mixed solution consisting of two or more substances with different boiling points, and takes a component with a low boiling point as a vaporizing agent and a component with a high boiling point as an absorbent, and the vaporizing agent and the absorbent have strong mutual absorption.
The vaporizing agent (i.e. refrigerant) in the binary working medium is very sensitive to middle and low temperature heat sources, for example, the standard evaporation temperature of ammonia is-33.3 ℃, the expansion pressure reaches 20atm when the temperature of the ammonia reaches 50 ℃, 50atm can be generated when the temperature reaches 90 ℃, and 100atm can be generated when the temperature reaches 130 ℃; the ammonia water is a commonly used binary working medium solution, one volume of water can dissolve about 700 times of ammonia steam at normal temperature, and the water has strong absorption to ammonia.
The working process of the binary working medium thermal energy power device (heat engine) of the embodiment 1 is as follows:
the inlet and outlet of the immersion heat exchanger are respectively communicated with an external heat source and a cold source through a three-way valve, the external heat source is provided by waste heat or sunlight heat energy after primary energy utilization of an engine and the like, and hot working medium is injected into the immersion heat exchanger, the external cold source is a heat exchange cooling device and injects cold working medium into the immersion heat exchanger, and the cold working medium and the hot working medium are the same heat-carrying fluid.
When a thermal working medium is injected into the heat exchanger, an upper inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an external heat source, a lower outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an external cold source, the thermal working medium heats a binary working medium solution through the heat exchanger to vaporize a low-boiling point working medium to generate expansion pressure and push a piston to move upwards, then the thermal working medium flows into the external cold source, in the process, the saturation temperature of the binary working medium solution gradually rises along with the reduction of the concentration of the binary working medium solution, the rising slope change is large, the heating and vaporizing process of the binary working medium solution is a temperature rising and pressure rising process, meanwhile, in order to ensure a certain heat transfer temperature difference, the temperature of the thermal working medium also needs to gradually rise, namely, temperature changing heating is carried out, when the temperature of the thermal working medium rises to the highest temperature of the cold source, the lower outlet of the heat exchanger is switched to the external heat source and is continuously heated and operated until the concentration of the binary working medium solution is the lowest (dilute solution), the expansion pressure is the highest, and the piston is the top dead center, namely, the heating process is finished; most of heat energy provided by an external heat source is used for improving the saturation temperature of the binary working medium solution and vaporizing the low-boiling point working medium in most of the early stage of the heating process, a small part of heat enters an external cold source along with the hot working medium, and the external heat source is used for circularly heating in a small amount of time in the later stage.
In the heating process of injecting the hot working medium into the heat exchanger by the external heat source, the hot working medium in most of the heating time in the early stage flows into the external cold source, and the hot working medium in a few of the heating time in the later stage flows back to the heat source to continue to circularly heat and raise the temperature.
When cold working media are injected into the heat exchanger, an outlet at the lower part of the heat exchanger is switched to be communicated with an external cold source, the cold working media starting the cold source enter the heat exchanger from the lower outlet to be cooled and push the cold working media to flow back to an external heat source, when the cooling at the lower part of the heat exchanger is just started, the binary dilute solution is cooled because the saturation temperature of the binary dilute solution is higher than the temperature of the cold working media, the binary dilute solution absorbing the vaporized steam is pumped to the lower part of a piston by a spray pump to be sprayed and absorbed, the binary dilute solution absorbing the vaporized steam becomes a binary concentrated heat source and the temperature is raised, then the binary dilute solution is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction by the upper part of the heat exchanger to gradually sink, and finally the binary concentrated solution is completely formed, and meanwhile, the condensation heat of the steam and the binary solution are cooled so that the heat released by the reduction of the saturation temperature are all sent back to the heat source by the cold working media; when the saturation temperature of the binary solution is reduced to the lowest temperature of an external heat source (initial heating temperature of the heat source), switching an upper inlet of the heat exchanger to an external cold source, and continuously cooling until the concentration of the binary working medium solution is the highest (concentrated solution), the expansion pressure is the minimum, and the piston returns to a bottom dead center, namely ending the cooling process; in the front period of the cooling process, the cold source working medium recovers the heat released by the reduction of the high-temperature condensation heat and the saturation temperature to the heat source, and also recovers the heat-carrying mass transfer which mostly enters the cold source in the heating process to the heat source by the cold source, and the sum of the heat which is circularly cooled by the external cold source in the later period and the heat which is cooled by the mass transfer which mostly enters the cold source in the heating process is the heat loss of the external cold source; the saturated temperature of the binary working medium solution in the whole cooling process is gradually reduced along with the increase of the concentration of the binary working medium solution, and the change slope is larger, so that the cooling and condensing process of the binary working medium is a temperature reduction and pressure reduction process.
In the cooling process of injecting cold working media into the heat exchanger by the external cold source, the cold working media in most of the early cooling time flow into the external heat source, and the cold working media in a few of the later cooling time flow back to the cold source to continue to circularly cool.
The heating process of injecting the hot working medium and the cooling process of injecting the cold working medium are temperature-changing heat exchange, and a delay switching mode is adopted between the heating process of injecting the hot working medium and the cooling process of injecting the cold working medium so as to recycle condensation heat energy and heat energy released by the change of the saturated temperature of the binary working medium.
The immersion heat exchanger works alternately and is switched in a temperature-changing heating mode and a temperature-changing cooling mode in a delayed mode, namely the immersion heat exchanger works in the temperature-changing heat exchange mode and is switched in the delayed mode between heating and cooling. Because the vaporization or condensation process of the binary working medium solution with a certain concentration in the cylinder barrel is a temperature rise and pressure rise or temperature fall and pressure reduction process, and the slope of the saturated vapor pressure curve is larger, under the condition of keeping a certain heat transfer temperature difference, the temperature of a heating heat source is required to be higher than the saturation temperature of the corresponding binary working medium solution and not lower than the condensation temperature of the binary working medium solution, and correspondingly and gradually rises along with the rise of the saturation temperature of the binary working medium solution; the temperature of a cold source to be cooled is required to be lower than the condensation temperature of the corresponding binary working medium steam and not higher than the saturation temperature of the binary working medium steam, and is required to be gradually reduced along with the reduction of the saturation temperature of the binary working medium solution, so that a special heating and cooling mode of the heat exchanger, namely variable-temperature heating and variable-temperature cooling, is formed, not only is temperature rise or temperature drop change formed to a larger extent, but also the initial temperature of a cold working medium formed when the heat exchanger operates is higher than the initial temperature of a thermal working medium, and the technical characteristic is also the theoretical basis for recycling and reusing the condensation heat and the like; the invention switches the three-way valve above and below the heat exchanger in a delayed way, so that the working medium of the cold source pushes the heat released by reducing the high-temperature condensation heat and the saturation temperature to be recycled to the heat source, and the mass transfer which enters the heat source more and then flows back to the cold source by the pushing of the heat source, therefore, the heat exchanger not only works in the alternating process of variable-temperature heating and variable-temperature cooling, but also the working mediums of the external heat source and the cold source of the heat exchanger are the same and the mutual delay switching work is adopted to recycle the latent heat of gasification of the binary working medium and the heat released by changing the saturation temperature; the cold source mainly adjusts the solution saturation temperature of the binary working medium changing along with the pressure and the cooling process at the final stage, and the heat emitted by the external cold source can be used for three-stage application such as heating or domestic hot water, so that the heat efficiency of the device reaches the optimal level of waste heat utilization of more than 60%.
In conclusion, the immersion heat exchanger works in the alternating heat exchange process of temperature-changing heating and temperature-changing cooling, and delayed switching is adopted between heating and cooling, so that high-efficiency utilization of medium-low temperature heat energy is realized.
In the invention, expansion pressure is formed by low-temperature working medium steam to enable the piston to generate mechanical energy moving upwards, so the piston is also called as a power piston, and the space above the piston can generate compression and suction effects when the piston reciprocates up and down, namely, the function of a pump is formed; the piston rod can be used for outputting power upwards or downwards above or below the piston.
Example 2:
the binary working medium heat pump as shown in fig. 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that a partition plate 5 is arranged in a cylinder barrel 1 to divide the cylinder barrel 1 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a piston 2 and a heat exchanger 3 are arranged in the upper chamber, a lower piston 6 is arranged in the lower chamber, a piston rod 4 is connected between the piston 2 and the lower piston 6, the piston rod 4 penetrates through the partition plate 5 and forms a sealed sliding connection with the piston rod, the top and the bottom of the cylinder barrel 1 are respectively provided with an inlet hole 7 and an outlet hole 8, a communication pipeline 9 is arranged outside the cylinder barrel 1 to communicate the space above the piston 2 with the space below the lower piston, check valves 10 are arranged at two ends of the inlet hole 7, the outlet hole 8 and the communication pipeline 9, and the function of pumping fluid can be achieved by the up-down movement of the piston 2 and the lower piston 6.
A spring 11 is arranged in the space above the lower piston 6 and is propped against the top surface of the lower piston 6. When the binary working medium is heated and vaporized and pushes the piston upwards to do work, the spring is used for storing energy, and then in the process of steam condensation, the spring releases the energy and pushes the piston downwards to compress the working medium in the cavity.
The space above the lower piston 6 can also be filled with a gas with a lower adiabatic index, which together with the spring is used for storing energy and sealing the sliding connection. An external heat exchanger 14 can be arranged in a pipeline connected with the spray header 12 to further reduce the temperature of the low-concentration binary working medium spray solution.
The partition plate 5 is provided with a binary working medium outlet, a heat exchanger is immersed in the binary working medium solution, and the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger penetrate through the upper cylinder barrel or the partition plate 5 and the lower cylinder barrel and are respectively communicated with the three-way valve to be used for switching cold and hot media. The spray head is arranged below the piston, and is connected with the spray pump and the binary working medium outlet through the piston rod 4, the hose and the pipeline to form a spray system for pumping the low-temperature dilute binary working medium solution to spray steam and absorb and condense the low-temperature dilute binary working medium solution.
The working process of the binary working medium heat energy power device (heat pump) of the embodiment 2 is as follows:
the working process of the piston of the binary working medium heat pump is the same as that of the heat engine in the embodiment 1, the difference is that an upper fluid pumping cavity and a lower fluid pumping cavity are arranged at the different positions, namely the upper pumping cavity and the lower pumping cavity, and two heat pump working processes are formed through the different directions of an upper inlet hole, a lower inlet hole and one-way valves arranged at the two ends of a communication pipeline, wherein the first heat pump working process is intermittent pumping, and the second heat pump working process is continuous pumping.
The binary working medium heat pump is in an intermittent pumping working process: as shown in fig. 2, the binary working medium heat pump is an intermittent pump, and when the heat exchanger is filled with hot working medium, an upper pumping cavity pressure fluid and a lower pumping cavity pumping fluid are generated, so that the fluids move from the upper pumping cavity to the lower pumping cavity and have a working process of spring energy storage; when cold working medium is injected into the heat exchanger, energy storage release is formed, and the effects that the upper pumping cavity pumps fluid from the outside and the lower pumping cavity extrudes the fluid are generated, so that the fluid is extruded and removed; when the fluid is gas and has compressibility, the diameter of the upper piston can be larger than that of the lower piston so that the pumping volume of the upper pumping chamber is larger than that of the lower pumping chamber, and thus the pressure is increased when the gas is pumped into the lower pumping chamber. The two devices work alternately to form continuous pumping work.
The binary working medium heat pump continuous pumping working process comprises the following steps: the fluid storage tank is connected to the communication pipeline as shown in fig. 2, and the check valves which only flow in the direction of the tank are added at both ends of the pipeline, so that the continuous pumping device is formed, and the fluid at both ends flows into the storage tank and then is output outwards. When the heat exchanger is injected with hot working medium, the upper pumping cavity is generated to press fluid to the storage tank and the lower pumping cavity to pump fluid from the outside; when cold working medium is injected into the heat exchanger, energy storage release is formed, the upper pumping cavity pumps fluid from the outside and the lower pumping cavity presses the fluid to the storage tank, and namely a continuous pumping process of pumping the upper pumping cavity during heating and pumping the lower pumping cavity during cooling is formed.
As shown in figure 2, another spring can be arranged in the space above the piston of the binary working medium heat pump to abut against the top surface of the piston and form a double energy storage spring, so that the compression force is higher or the output mechanical work is larger.
The binary working medium heat energy power device is developed from the technical characteristics that the variable saturation temperature and the initial cooling temperature of a binary working medium are higher than the initial heating temperature, the binary working medium is expanded to form various forms of work through the delayed switching of an external heat source and a cold source and the variable temperature heating or variable temperature cooling, most of condensation vaporization latent heat and heat released by the variable saturation temperature can be recycled, a new way of high-efficiency and high-grade application of low-temperature heat energy is found, a new way of variable temperature operation of a heat exchanger is started, and the possibility of guiding the next generation of heat energy power device represented by a high-efficiency engine and improving the energy efficiency of the whole human society is opened.
Claims (7)
1. Binary working medium heat energy power device, including cylinder (1) and piston (2), its characterized in that, the upper and lower end of cylinder (1) is sealed, piston (2) can reciprocate to arrange the top space in cylinder (1) in, be equipped with heat exchanger (3) below piston (2) in cylinder (1), heat exchanger (3) are equipped with to exit and communicate with the external world, it has binary working medium liquid and heat exchanger (3) contact heat transfer to annotate in cylinder (1), when pouring into hot working medium into heat exchanger (3), binary working medium heat absorption releases gaseous promotion piston (2) and goes upward, when pouring into cold working medium into heat exchanger (3), binary working medium exothermal cooling and absorption gas condensation heat make piston (2) down.
2. The binary working medium thermal energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the piston (2) is provided with a piston rod (4) for outputting work to the outside.
3. The binary working medium heat energy power device according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate (5) is arranged in the cylinder (1) to divide the cylinder (1) into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the piston (2) and the heat exchanger (3) are arranged in the upper chamber, the lower chamber is internally provided with the lower piston (6), a piston rod (4) is connected between the piston (2) and the lower piston (6), the piston rod (4) penetrates through the partition plate (5) and forms a sealed sliding connection with the partition plate, the top and the bottom of the cylinder (1) are respectively provided with an inlet hole (7) and an outlet hole (8), a communication pipeline (9) is arranged outside the cylinder (1) to communicate the space above the piston (2) with the space below the lower piston, one-way valves (10) are arranged at the inlet hole (7), the outlet hole (8) and the communication pipeline (9), and the function of pumping fluid can be achieved by the up-and-down movement of the piston (2) and the lower piston (6).
4. A binary working medium thermal power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that a spring (11) is arranged in the space above the lower piston (6) to abut against the top surface of the lower piston (6).
5. The binary working medium thermal energy power plant of claim 1, wherein the binary working medium solution is a binary or multicomponent mixed solution composed of two or more substances with different boiling points.
6. The binary working medium thermal energy power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a plurality of spray headers (12) moving along with the piston are arranged below the piston (2), the spray headers (12) are connected with a spray pump (13) through pipelines, and the binary working medium can be pumped to the upper part and sprayed downwards by the spray headers (12).
7. The binary working medium thermal power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said submerged heat exchanger operates at temperature-varying heat exchange with delayed switching between heating and cooling.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110650245.9A CN114087898A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Accordion type heat exchanger and application |
| CN2021106502459 | 2021-06-07 |
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| CN115930643A true CN115930643A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110650245.9A Pending CN114087898A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Accordion type heat exchanger and application |
| CN202210709934.7A Pending CN115930643A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2022-06-03 | Binary working medium heat energy power device |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110650245.9A Pending CN114087898A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Accordion type heat exchanger and application |
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| WO (1) | WO2022257444A1 (en) |
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| CN114087898A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-02-25 | 刘福贵 | Accordion type heat exchanger and application |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0968104A (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1997-03-11 | Morikawa Sangyo Kk | Stirling engine |
| US5916140A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-06-29 | Hydrotherm Power Corporation | Hydraulic engine powered by introduction and removal of heat from a working fluid |
| CN101705846A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-05-12 | 绍兴文理学院 | Steam compression type heat engine with working medium phase change circulation |
| CN201891443U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-07-06 | 绍兴文理学院 | Work medium phase change circulation thermal engine |
| CN201916009U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-08-03 | 绍兴文理学院 | Vapor compression type heat engine adopting working media in phase-change circulation |
| CN103397997A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-20 | 胜利油田泰峰机电有限责任公司 | Motor reversing driving reciprocating pump |
| CN105986981A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-05 | 彭道琪 | Pressure fluid driven reciprocating pump |
| CN106761986B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-01-15 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of device and its application method of the conversion of gas at normal temperature energy |
| CN206468505U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-09-05 | 王骏 | A kind of reciprocating vapour compression machine |
| CN114087898A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-02-25 | 刘福贵 | Accordion type heat exchanger and application |
-
2021
- 2021-06-07 CN CN202110650245.9A patent/CN114087898A/en active Pending
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2022
- 2022-06-03 CN CN202210709934.7A patent/CN115930643A/en active Pending
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| CN114087898A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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