CN115928829A - Ditching machine - Google Patents
Ditching machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115928829A CN115928829A CN202310246854.7A CN202310246854A CN115928829A CN 115928829 A CN115928829 A CN 115928829A CN 202310246854 A CN202310246854 A CN 202310246854A CN 115928829 A CN115928829 A CN 115928829A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A ditching machine relates to the field of soil layer or rock tunneling machinery and comprises a front vehicle, a working part, a rear vehicle, an electrical system and a hydraulic system, wherein the front vehicle and the rear vehicle are respectively provided with a traveling mechanism. The ditching machine provided by the invention can be applied to construction work in a hard rock environment with the firmness degree Pythium coefficient f more than 6, and can also be applied to construction work on rocks, quicksand and soil with low firmness coefficients, such as the Pythium coefficient f < 6. The ditcher provided by the invention has the advantages of strong rock crushing capability, low construction cost and high efficiency, the shape of the cross section of the groove obtained by construction is regular, and the subsequent complicated work of shaping and shaping the cross section of the groove is not needed. After the full intelligent control system is equipped, the automatic driving technology and the intelligent identification technology are adopted, the underground autonomous working in an underground roadway can be realized, the groove can be constructed out at one time, the unmanned whole-course automatic construction purpose is achieved, and the intelligent identification, the intelligent planning and the unmanned safe, safe and efficient upgrading and updating of equipment are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil layer or rock tunneling machinery, in particular to a ditching machine.
Background
In order to construct and obtain a drainage ditch in a rock tunnel, the traditional construction method is to drill and blast holes or rock drilling machinery utilizes an impact crushing principle to crush and tunnel rocks. Along with the whole improvement of the mechanized level of mine field construction, the construction method of blasting again can lead to the whole safe and efficient level of the mine, but the efficiency of breaking rocks by adopting traditional mechanical impact is extremely low. In addition, the cross section of the groove obtained by the conventional drilling and blasting method and the conventional impact crushing method is irregular in shape, and complicated work is required for shaping and shaping the cross section of the groove in the subsequent process. In the process of exploring a new construction method, methods such as water jet cutting, toothless saw cutting, breaking hammer excavation, milling and excavating machine cutting and the like appear, but the methods are high in cost, low in efficiency, long in time consumption, large in labor requirement and unsatisfactory in effect.
In the similar technical field, for example, for ditching in land, laying and burying in cables and pipelines, trench digging and the like, the conventional construction machine is generally only suitable for working environments such as soil, loose rocks and weak rocks with a firmness coefficient of prevotex f <2, and is not suitable for rock environments with the firmness degree of more than a medium firmness degree of the prevotex f >2, and particularly, cannot carry out construction work on hard rock with the firmness degree of the prevotex f > 6.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ditcher which can be applied to a hard rock environment with the firmness degree of more than 6 and can carry out construction work, and the ditcher can carry out construction work on rocks, quicksand and soil with low firmness coefficients, such as the firmness degree of f < 6; the ditcher provided by the invention has the advantages of strong rock crushing capability, low construction cost and high efficiency, the shape of the cross section of the groove obtained by construction is regular, and the subsequent complicated work of shaping and shaping the cross section of the groove is not needed.
The ditching machine provided by the invention is provided with an automatic driving technology and an intelligent identification technology after being provided with a full intelligent control system, can automatically work underground in an underground roadway, constructs a groove at one time, achieves the purpose of unmanned whole-course automatic construction, and realizes intelligent identification and intelligent planning of equipment, safe and efficient upgrading and updating when a robot is replaced by an unmanned robot.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A ditching machine comprises a front vehicle, a working part and a rear vehicle which are connected in sequence, and further comprises an electrical system and a hydraulic system, wherein the front vehicle and the rear vehicle are respectively provided with a travelling mechanism, and the working part comprises a working part main beam, a working part chassis, a cutter head gear box, a motor device and a working cutter head; two ends of the main beam of the working part are respectively movably connected with the front vehicle and the rear vehicle; the working part chassis is connected with the working part main beam in a sliding manner and used for driving the working part chassis to reciprocate along the working part main beam in the front-back direction, and the cutter head front-back travel oil cylinder is fixed on the working part main beam at one end and hinged with the working part chassis at the other end; the cutter head gear box is connected with the working part chassis in a sliding manner and used for driving the cutter head gear box to slide back and forth along the working part chassis in the vertical direction; the whole working cutter head is in a disc shape and is connected with a cutter head gear box through a driving main shaft arranged at the circle center of the working cutter head, and a crushing device is arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutter head; the motor device is in transmission connection with a gear of the cutter head gear box and outputs power through the driving main shaft, so that the motor device is used for driving the working cutter head to rotate.
Further, the ditcher is characterized in that the front vehicle is provided with a front steering joint and a front joint base, the front steering joint is rotatably connected to the front joint base in the horizontal direction, the front joint base is in sliding connection with the front vehicle body and is used for driving the front joint base to slide left and right in a reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction, one end of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the front vehicle body, and the other end of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the front joint base; the rear vehicle is provided with a rear steering joint and a rear joint base, the rear steering joint is rotatably connected to the rear joint base in the horizontal direction, the rear joint base is connected with the rear vehicle body in a sliding manner and is used for driving the rear joint base to slide in a left-right reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction, one end of the rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the rear vehicle body, and the other end of the rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the rear joint base; and two ends of the main beam of the working part are respectively hinged with the front steering joint and the rear steering joint.
Further, a front support device is arranged at the front part of the front vehicle 1, and comprises a front support base, a front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder, a first front support frame, a second front support frame, a first front support oil cylinder, a second front support oil cylinder, a front support sliding block, a first front support sliding block positioning key and a second front support sliding block positioning key; the front support base is fixed on the front vehicle frame, the front support sliding block is connected with the front support base in a left-right sliding manner, and two ends of the front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the front support base and the front support sliding block; one end of each of the first front support frame and the second front support frame is hinged with the front support sliding block, the other end of each of the first front support frame and the second front support frame is hinged with one end of each of the first front support oil cylinder and the second front support oil cylinder, and the other ends of the first front support oil cylinder and the second front support oil cylinder are hinged with the front support sliding block; the first front support sliding block positioning key and the second front support sliding block positioning key are fixed on two sides of the front support base and used for limiting the position of the front support sliding block in the vertical direction so that the front support sliding block can only slide along the surfaces of the first front support sliding block positioning key and the second front support sliding block positioning key; the rear part of the rear vehicle is provided with a rear supporting device, and the rear supporting device comprises a rear supporting base, a rear supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder, a first rear supporting frame, a second rear supporting frame, a first rear supporting oil cylinder, a second rear supporting oil cylinder, a rear supporting slide block, a first rear supporting slide block positioning key and a second rear supporting slide block positioning key; the rear support base is fixed on the rear vehicle frame, the rear support sliding block is connected with the rear support base in a left-right sliding mode, and two ends of the rear support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder are hinged with the rear support base and the rear support sliding block respectively; one end of each of the first rear supporting frame and the second rear supporting frame is hinged with the rear supporting slide block, the other end of each of the first rear supporting frame and the second rear supporting frame is hinged with one end of each of the first rear supporting oil cylinder and the second rear supporting oil cylinder, and the other end of each of the first rear supporting oil cylinder and the second rear supporting oil cylinder is hinged with the rear supporting slide block; and the first rear supporting slide block positioning key and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key are fixed on two sides of the rear supporting base and used for limiting the position of the rear supporting slide block in the vertical direction, so that the rear supporting slide block positioning key can only slide along the surface of the first rear supporting slide block positioning key and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key.
Further, a ditching machine, breaker on the work blade disc includes that a plurality of whole are cylindric hobbing cutters, the hobbing cutter has bellied cutting edge on the circumferencial direction of its cylindric body, the hobbing cutter is fixed on the work blade disc body through the axle that runs through its cylindric body axle center, and the plane that should run through the axle place in the cylindric body axle center of hobbing cutter is parallel with the driving spindle, the hobbing cutter can wind the axle rotation that runs through the cylindric body axle center.
Further, the roller cutters of the crushing device comprise a single-edge roller cutter, a double-edge roller cutter and an edge cutting roller cutter; a scraper which is integrally polygonal-prism-shaped is further arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutter head; the scrapers, the single-edge hob cutters, the double-edge hob cutters and the trimming hob cutters are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutterhead.
Furthermore, the motor device is arranged on the cutter head gear box, the shaft of the motor device is connected with an input bevel gear, the driving main shaft is connected with an output bevel gear, and the input bevel gear is in meshing transmission with the output bevel gear.
Furthermore, the motor device comprises a pair of front motor and a pair of rear motor which are arranged in opposite directions, the shaft of the front motor is connected with a front input bevel gear, the shaft of the rear motor is connected with a rear input bevel gear, and the front input bevel gear and the rear input bevel gear are respectively in meshing transmission with an output bevel gear.
The ditcher provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the construction method can be used for not only carrying out construction work on hard rock with the Prussian coefficient f more than 6, but also carrying out construction work on rock, quicksand and soil with the Prussian coefficient f less than 6;
the capability of breaking rocks is strong, the construction cost is low, the efficiency is high, and compared with the prior art, the efficiency is improved by more than 10 times; the cross section of the groove obtained by construction is regular in shape, the cross section of the groove can be formed at one time, and the subsequent complex work of shaping and shaping the cross section of the groove is not needed;
3. the working mode is a continuous advancing type and a sectional type;
4. the whole machine has large mass and large power, and after the body is lengthened, narrowed and shortened, the machine adapts to the continuously fluctuating narrow and low field conditions through joint design and is easy to walk in an underground roadway;
5. the multi-directional groove construction machine has the function of multi-directional adjustment of the x axis, the y axis and the z axis, can construct grooves in any current situation, and has the advantages of high flexibility, high speed, good effect and low loss;
6. after the intelligent control system is equipped, the automatic driving technology and the intelligent identification technology are provided, intelligent identification and intelligent planning are realized, the underground autonomous working in an underground roadway can be realized, and the purpose of unmanned whole-course automatic construction is achieved.
Drawings
The foregoing is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a ditcher according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the ditcher of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the ditcher of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view along the direction E-E in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a front support device of the ditcher provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view schematic of the structure of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view alongbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 6.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rear support device of the ditcher of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a side view schematic of the structure of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view alongbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 8.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numbers are:
1, a front vehicle, 2, a working part and 3, a rear vehicle;
1001 front supporting device, 1002 front vehicle traveling mechanism, 1003 motor, 1004 coupling, 1005 triple pump, 1006 cooler, 1007 electromagnetic control valve, 1008 oil tank, 1009 front steering joint, 1010 front joint base, 1011 front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder and 1012 motor base;
2001 scrapers, 2002 single-edge hobs, 2003 double-edge hobs, 2005 trimming hobs, 2007 cutterhead front and back traveling cylinders, 2008 work part main beams, 2009 work part chassis, 2010 cutterhead lifting cylinders, 2011 cutterhead gear box, 2012A front motor, 2012B rear motor, 2013 work cutterhead, 2014 driving main shaft, 2015 output bevel gear, 2016A front input bevel gear, 2016B rear input bevel gear, 2017A front tapered roller bearing, 2017B rear tapered roller bearing;
3001 rear support device, 3002 rear vehicle running mechanism, 3003 operating platform, 3004 intelligent control box, 3005 main control box, 3006 cable collecting box, 3007 rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder, 3008 rear joint base and 3009 rear steering joint;
1001-01 front support base, 1001-02 front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder, 1001-03A first front support oil cylinder, 1001-03B second front support oil cylinder, 1001-04A first front support frame, 1001-04B second front support frame, 1001-05 front support slider, 1001-06A first front support slider positioning key, 1001-06B second front support slider positioning key, 1001-07A first front support pin shaft, 1001-07B second front support pin shaft, 1001-07C third front support pin shaft, 1001-07D fourth front support pin shaft, 1001-07E fifth front support pin shaft, 1001-07F sixth front support pin shaft, 1001-07G seventh front support pin shaft and 1001-07H eighth front support pin shaft;
3001-01 rear support base, 3001-02 rear support horizontal adjustment cylinder, 3001-03A first rear support cylinder, 3001-03B second rear support cylinder, 3001-04A first rear support frame, 3001-04B second rear support frame, 3001-05 rear support slide block, 3001-06A first rear support slide block positioning key, 3001-06B second rear support slide block positioning key, 3001-07A first rear support pin shaft, 3001-07B second rear support pin shaft, 3001-07C third rear support pin shaft, 3001-07D fourth rear support pin shaft, 3001-07E fifth rear support pin shaft, 3001-07F sixth rear support pin shaft, 3001-07G seventh rear support pin shaft, 3001-07H eighth rear support pin shaft.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like of the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the limit conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the ratio relationships, or adjustments of the sizes, should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial technical changes.
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the ditcher provided by the invention comprises a front vehicle 1, a working part 2, a rear vehicle 3, an electrical system and a hydraulic system, wherein the front vehicle 1 and the rear vehicle 2 are sequentially connected, the working part 2 comprises a working part main beam 2008, a working part chassis 2009, a cutter head gear box 2011, a motor device and a working cutter head 2013; two ends of the working part main beam 2008 are movably connected with the front vehicle 1 and the rear vehicle 3 respectively; a groove is formed in the horizontal direction of the working part chassis 2009, a guide rail is arranged on the working part main beam 2008 in a matching manner with the groove, and the groove and the guide rail form a sliding pair, so that the working part chassis 2009 can slide in the horizontal direction through the sliding pair, the working part chassis 2009 is connected with the working part main beam 2008 in a sliding manner and is used for driving a cutter head forward and backward traveling cylinder 2007 which is used for driving the working part chassis 2009 to slide back and forth along the working part main beam 2008, one end of a cylinder body of the cutter head forward and backward traveling cylinder 2007 is fixed on the working part main beam 2008, and a piston rod at the other end is hinged with the working part chassis 2009; a groove is formed in the cutterhead gear box 2011 in the vertical direction, a guide rail is arranged on the working part chassis 2009 and matched with the groove, the groove and the guide rail form a sliding pair, so that the cutterhead gear box 2011 can slide in the vertical direction through the sliding pair, the cutterhead gear box 2011 is in sliding connection with the working part chassis 2009 and is used for driving the cutterhead lifting oil cylinder 2010 of the cutterhead gear box 2011 to slide in a reciprocating manner in the vertical direction along the working part chassis 2009, one end of a cylinder body of the cutterhead lifting oil cylinder 2010 is hinged to the working part chassis 2009, and a piston rod at the other end of the cylinder body is hinged to the cutterhead gear box 2011; the working cutterhead 2013 is integrally disc-shaped and is connected with a cutterhead gear box 2011 through a driving main shaft 2014 arranged at the circle center of the working cutterhead 2013, and a crushing device is arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutterhead 2013; the motor device is in transmission connection with a gear of the cutter head gear box 2011 and outputs power through the driving main shaft 2014, so as to drive the working cutter head 2013 to rotate.
The hydraulic system comprises a motor 1003, a coupling 1004, a triple pump 1005, a cooler 1006, an electromagnetic control valve 1007 and an oil tank 1008, wherein the oil tank 1008 is respectively connected with the triple pump 1005 and the cooler 1006 through oil pipes, the motor 1003 is installed on one side of a motor base 1012, the triple pump 1005 is installed on the other side of the motor base 1012, the motor 1003 is connected with the triple pump 1005 through the coupling 1004, the motor 1003 drives the triple pump 1005 through the coupling 1004 to output high-pressure hydraulic oil, and the oil cylinder and the motor are pushed to work through the hydraulic system.
Obviously, it is easy to understand: the running mechanisms of the front vehicle 1 and the rear vehicle 3 of the ditcher provided by the invention can be any one or combination of a plurality of wheel-rail type, tire type and crawler type, and the crawler type is preferred in the embodiment; the power is provided for the travelling mechanism and the motor device, the travelling mechanism and the motor device can be an electric system or a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system is preferably selected in the embodiment; the electric system and the hydraulic system may be disposed on the front vehicle 1, the working unit 2, and the rear vehicle 3 as necessary. The above contents are all known in the art, and the present invention is not described in detail.
In a further embodiment, the ditcher is characterized in that the front vehicle 1 is provided with a front steering joint 1009 and a front joint base 1010, the front steering joint 1009 is rotatably connected to the front joint base 1010 in the horizontal direction, the front joint base 1010 is in sliding connection with a front vehicle 1 body and is used for driving a front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1011 of the front joint base 1010 to slide left and right in a reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction, one end of the cylinder body of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1011 is hinged to the front vehicle 1 body, and a piston rod at the other end of the cylinder body of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1011 is hinged to the front joint base 1010; the rear vehicle 3 is provided with a rear steering joint 3009 and a rear joint base 3008, the rear steering joint 3009 is rotatably connected to the rear joint base 3008 in the horizontal direction, the rear joint base 3008 is in sliding connection with the rear vehicle 3 body and is used for driving a rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 3007 of the rear joint base 3008 to slide left and right in a reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction, one end of a cylinder body of the rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 3007 is hinged to the rear vehicle 3 body, and a piston rod at the other end is hinged to the rear joint base 3008; two ends of the main beam 2008 of the working portion are hinged to the front steering joint 1009 and the rear steering joint 3009 respectively.
A further embodiment, a ditching machine, breaker on the work blade disc 2013 includes that a plurality of whole are cylindric hobbing cutters, the hobbing cutter has bellied cutting edge on the circumferencial direction of its cylindric body, the hobbing cutter is fixed on the work blade disc 2013 body through the axle that runs through its cylindric body axle center, and the plane that should run through the axle place in hobbing cutter cylindric body axle center is parallel with drive spindle 2014, the hobbing cutter can wind the axle rotation that runs through its cylindric body axle center.
In a further embodiment, the roller cutters of the crushing device comprise a single-edge roller cutter 2002, a double-edge roller cutter 2003 and an edge cutting roller cutter 2005; a scraper 2001 which is integrally triangular prism or quadrangular prism is arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutter head 2013;
the scrapers 2001, the single-edge roller cutters 2002, the double-edge roller cutters 2003, and the trimming roller cutters 2005 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working head 2013.
In a further embodiment, the motor device is arranged on a cutter head gear box 2011, a shaft of the motor device is connected with an input bevel gear, the driving main shaft 2014 is connected with an output bevel gear 2015, an input bevel gear 2016A is fixed by a front tapered roller bearing 2017A, an input bevel gear 2016B is fixed by a rear tapered roller bearing 2017B, and the input bevel gear is in meshing transmission with the output bevel gear 2015. The output bevel gear 2015 drives the driving main shaft 2014 to rotate, and the driving main shaft 2014 drives the working cutterhead 2013 to rotate through the spline.
In a further embodiment, the motor device comprises a pair of front motor 2012A and rear motor 2012B which are oppositely arranged, the shaft of the front motor 2012A is connected with a front input bevel gear 2016A, the shaft of the rear motor 2012B is connected with a rear input bevel gear 2016B, and the front input bevel gear 2016A and the rear input bevel gear 2016B are respectively in meshing transmission with an output bevel gear 2015.
In a further embodiment, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the ditcher provided by the invention comprises a front support device 1001 arranged at the front part of a front vehicle 1, and a front support base 1001-01 fixed on a vehicle body frame through bolts; the front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1001-02 is connected with a front support base 1001-01 through a first front support pin shaft 1001-07A and is connected with a front support sliding block 1001-05 through a second front support pin shaft 1001-07B; the first front support oil cylinder 1001-03A is connected with a front support sliding block 1001-05 through a seventh front support pin shaft 1001-07G; the first front support oil cylinder 1001-03A is connected with the first front support frame 1001-04A through a fifth front support pin shaft 1001-07E; the second front support oil cylinder 1001-03B is connected with the front support sliding block 1001-05 through an eighth front support pin shaft 1001-07H; the second front support oil cylinder 1001-03B is connected with a second front support frame 1001-04B through a sixth front support pin shaft 1001-07F; the first front support frame 1001-04A is connected with a front support slider 1001-05 through a third front support pin shaft 1001-07C; the second front support frame 1001-04B is connected with the front support slider 1001-05 through a fourth front support pin shaft 1001-07D; the first front support slider position key 1001-06A and the second front support slider position key 1001-06B restrict the up-down position of the front support slider 1001-05 so that it can only slide along the surface of the position keys.
The front support 1001 operates as follows: the first front support oil cylinder 1001-03A and the second front support oil cylinder 1001-03B extend under the action of hydraulic oil → drive the first front support frame 1001-04A and the second front support frame 1001-04B to rotate around the third front support pin 1001-07C and the fourth front support pin 1001-07D, respectively → the front ends of the first front support frame 1001-04A and the second front support frame 1001-04B contact the ground → the first front support oil cylinder 1001-03A and the second front support oil cylinder 1001-03B continue to extend → lift the front support base 1001-01, get away from the ground → the front support base 1001-01 drives the front vehicle 1 to get away from the ground → finish the action of lifting the front vehicle 1; the front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1001-02 extends under the action of hydraulic oil → drives the front support slider 1001-05 and the front support base 1001-01 to slide left and right relatively → when the first front support frame 1001-04A and the second front support frame 1001-04B are not in contact with the ground, the front support slider 1001-05 moves, the front support base 1001-01 does not move → when the first front support frame 1001-04A and the second front support frame 1001-04B are in contact with the ground, the front support slider-05 does not move, the front support base 1001-01 moves, and simultaneously the front vehicle 1 is driven to move, so that the left and right transverse adjustment of the front vehicle 1 is completed. Therefore, as described above, when the first front support bracket 1001-04A and the second front support bracket 1001-04B contact the ground, the front support leveling cylinder 1001-02 operates, the first front support bracket 1001-04A and the second front support bracket 1001-04B do not move, and the front support base 1001-01 moves; when the first front supporting frame 1001-04A and the second front supporting frame 1001-04B leave the ground, the front supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 1001-02 acts, the first front supporting frame 1001-04A and the second front supporting frame 1001-04B slide, and the front supporting base 1001-01 does not move.
In a further embodiment, referring to fig. 8 to 10, a rear support device 3001 is arranged at the rear part of the rear vehicle 3, and a rear support base 3001-01 is fixed on a vehicle body frame through bolts; the rear support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 3001-02 is connected with a rear support base 3001-01 through a first rear support pin shaft 3001-07A, and is connected with a rear support slider 3001-05 through a second rear support pin shaft 3001-07B; the first rear support cylinder 3001-03A is connected with the rear support slider 3001-05 through a seventh rear support pin 3001-07G; the first rear support cylinder 3001-03A is connected to the first rear support frame 3001-04A through a fifth rear support pin 3001-07E; the second rear support cylinder 3001-03B is connected with the rear support slider 3001-05 through an eighth rear support pin 3001-07H; the second rear support cylinder 3001-03B is connected to the second rear support frame 3001-04B through a sixth rear support pin 3001-07F; the first rear support 3001-04A is connected to the rear support slider 3001-05 by a third rear support pin 3001-07C; the second rear support frames 3001-04B are connected with the rear support sliders 3001-05 through fourth rear support pin shafts 3001-07D; the first rear support slider position keys 3001-06A and the second rear support slider position keys 3001-06B limit the up and down position of the rear support sliders 3001-05 so that they can only slide along the surface of the position keys.
The rear support device 3001 operates as follows: the first rear support oil cylinder 3001-03A and the second rear support oil cylinder 3001-03B extend under the action of hydraulic oil → drive the first rear support frame 3001-04A and the second rear support frame 3001-04B to rotate around the third rear support pin 3001-07C and the fourth rear support pin 3001-07D respectively → the front ends of the first rear support frame 3001-03A and the second rear support frame 3001-03B contact the ground → the first rear support oil cylinder 3001-03A and the second rear support oil cylinder 3001-03B continue to extend → lift the rear support base 3001-01, keep away from the ground → the rear support base 3001-01 drive the front vehicle 1 to keep away from the ground → finish the action of lifting the rear vehicle 3; the rear support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder 3001-02 extends under the action of hydraulic oil → drives the rear support slider 3001-05 and the rear support base 3001-01 to slide left and right relatively → when the first rear support frame 3001-03A and the second rear support frame 3001-03B do not contact the ground, the rear support slider 3001-05 moves, the rear support base 3001-01 does not move → when the first rear support frame 3001-03A and the second rear support frame 3001-03B contact the ground, the rear support slider 3001-05 does not move, the rear support base 3001-01 moves, meanwhile, the rear vehicle 3 is driven to move, and the left and right transverse adjustment of the rear vehicle 3 is completed. Therefore, as described above, when the first and second rear support frames 3001-04A and 3001-04B contact the ground, the rear support leveling cylinder 3001-02 is actuated, the first and second rear support frames 3001-04A and 3001-04B are not actuated, and the rear support base 3001-01 is moved; when the first rear support frame 3001-04A and the second rear support frame 3001-04B leave the ground, the rear support horizontal adjustment cylinder 3001-02 operates, the first rear support frame 3001-04A and the second rear support frame 3001-04B slide, and the rear support base 3001-01 does not move.
Preferably, the front vehicle of the ditcher provided by the invention can be composed of seven parts, namely a front support device 1001, a front vehicle traveling mechanism 1002, an operating platform 3003, a cable collection box 3006, a main control box 3005, an intelligent control box 3004, a main beam joint and a joint transverse movement adjusting device; the working part consists of four parts, namely a working part main beam 2008, a working cutterhead 2013, a cutterhead lifting device and a cutterhead front-back pushing device; the rear vehicle consists of six parts, namely a main beam joint and joint transverse moving device, a rear vehicle travelling mechanism 3002, a rear supporting device 3001, a hydraulic system (comprising an oil tank, an oil pump, an auxiliary control element, components such as filtering and cooling and the like), a touch screen display device and a manual and automatic integrated operation table; the intelligent sensor and control system comprises six millimeter-wave radars, four vision sensors, two laser radars, a set of PLC control unit, a 5G receiving and transmitting unit, an optical fiber conversion station, a power supply, a distributed server and the like.
The front vehicle 1 and the rear vehicle 3 are connected to the working unit 2 via steering joints, so that the vehicle can be steered up and down, left and right, and the working unit 2 is prevented from tilting. When the working part 2 works, the driving motor rotates to drive the working cutterhead 2013 to rotate, when the working cutterhead 2013 contacts with rocks to be crushed, most of the weight of the whole ditcher acts on the crushing device of the working cutterhead 2013, and because the working cutterhead 2013 revolves, a hob in the crushing device also rotates, friction between the hob and the rocks is avoided almost, the abrasion of the hob is small, and the service life of the hob is prolonged greatly. And the hobbing cutter almost has no cutting action on the rock, the huge mass of the whole machine generates huge pressure through the action of the cutting edge of the hobbing cutter on the rock, and the cutting edge of the hobbing cutter crushes the rock and extrudes the rock into a certain depth to form dents. The working cutterhead 2013 rotates continuously, the edge cutting hob 2005, the single-edge hob 2002 and the double-edge hob 2003 form a plurality of dents, fan-shaped rock blocks between the dents are sheared by horizontal component force generated by the cutting edge of the hob, broken stones are removed from the working surface by the scraper 2001, the edge cutting hob 2005, the single-edge hob 2002 and the double-edge hob 2003 continuously extrude broken rocks under high-efficiency arrangement along with continuous rotation of the working cutterhead 2013, the section of a groove is gradually deepened and formed at one time, and the principle of one-time forming is as follows: firstly, a single-edge hob 2002 is centered to fracture the rock to form a dent; then the double-edged hob 2003 on the two sides fractures the rock to form a second dent and a third dent, meanwhile, the edges of the hob squeeze the rock in the horizontal direction, the range of the fractured rock is expanded towards the two sides, the rock between the two dents is crushed to form chips, and further grooving is completed; then, the edge cutting hob 2005 breaks rocks on the waved surfaces at the two sides of the obtained groove section, and the protruding edge cutting hob 2005 completes the edge cutting work of the groove section through the cutting edge of the edge cutting hob, so that the rocks are prevented from breaking outside the groove section; the subsequent scraper 2001 clears the rock debris out, completing the clearing. The above actions are repeated continuously, the section of the groove is from shallow to deep, and the section of the groove is gradually formed.
When the hob crushes the rock, the adjustment of up-down, left-right, front-back can be carried out: the up-and-down adjustment is realized through a cutter head lifting oil cylinder 2010; the left and right horizontal adjustment is realized through a front joint horizontal adjustment oil cylinder 1011 and a rear joint horizontal adjustment oil cylinder 3007; the fore-aft adjustment is achieved by a cutter head fore-aft travel cylinder 2007.
The rear vehicle 3 is provided with an operating platform 3003, an intelligent control box 3004, a master control box 3005 and a cable collection box 3006 which are all fixed above the frame of the rear vehicle 3. The console 3003, the intelligent control box 3004 and the main control box 3005 form an intelligent control system of the whole set of equipment, and all actions of the equipment are executed by manual operation or intelligent autonomous execution through the intelligent control system. The cable collection box 3006 stores the power cable of the equipment and puts down the cable synchronously as the equipment advances; the cables are collected into the cable collection box 3006 as the device is retracted. Signals are collected through six millimeter wave radars, four vision sensors and two laser radars in the intelligent control box, processed by the distributed server, and are respectively sent to the ground and the PLC through the optical fiber conversion station, the 5G signal processing unit and the like. The PLC automatically works through the electro-hydraulic conversion control equipment.
After the ditching machine provided by the invention enters a working site, the situation of the site is sensed through various sensors, and a three-dimensional map is automatically generated → the working parameters are automatically determined according to the engineering parameters set in advance → the working parameters are uploaded → the automatic construction is started → the data is uploaded synchronously → the personnel are monitored remotely and synchronously → the personnel in special conditions can carry out remote fine adjustment and correction until the robot stops working.
The invention provides an automatic construction process of a ditcher, which comprises the following steps: determining working parameters → advancing in an autonomous guiding manner → a crushing cutter head of the working part is in contact with the rock through a cutter head lifting device under hydraulic drive → determining a rock crushing manner → manner 1 through a rock mechanics feedback robot: under the condition of medium-soft rock, the front vehicle and the rear vehicle synchronously advance, the ground gripping force of the crawler is utilized to push the crushing cutter head to continuously work forwards until the work is finished → the mode 2: under the condition of hard rocks, the front support and the rear support are lowered by the front vehicle and the rear vehicle, the lifting crawler leaves the ground, the rock is pressed by the cutterhead lifting device, and the cutterhead continuously works under the pushing of the cutterhead front and rear pushing devices until the stroke of the cutterhead front and rear pushing devices is finished; the front and rear vehicles are retracted and supported, and the caterpillar drives the robot to move forwards for a certain distance (the stroke length of the front and rear pushing device of the cutter head); the two vehicles are sent down to support the front and the back to repeat the actions.
The ditcher provided by the invention takes two sets of crushing devices arranged on a working cutter head as an example, the rock breaking depth is 5 mm, the working cutter head rotates for 34 circles per minute to finish 68 cutting cycles, the length of a groove reaches 340 mm, and the groove excavation reaches 163.2 m within 8-hour working time; taking three sets of crushing devices arranged on a working cutter head as an example, the rock breaking depth is 5 mm, the working cutter head rotates for 34 circles per minute, 102 cutting cycles are completed, the length of a groove reaches 510 mm, and the groove excavation time reaches 244.8 m in 8 hours. Assuming that the field opening rate is 60%, the length of trench excavation can be actually completed by more than 100 meters. And the construction within 8 hours of working time in the prior art can only finish the trench excavation length of 10 meters. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the efficiency of the ditcher provided by the invention can be improved by more than 10 times.
It is noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities.
The ditching machine provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ditcher comprises a front vehicle (1), a working part (2) and a rear vehicle (3) which are connected in sequence, and also comprises an electric system and a hydraulic system, wherein the front vehicle (1) and the rear vehicle (2) are both provided with a traveling mechanism,
the working part (2) comprises a working part main beam (2008), a working part chassis (2009), a cutter head gear box (2011), a motor device and a working cutter head (2013);
two ends of the working part main beam (2008) are respectively movably connected with the front vehicle (1) and the rear vehicle (3);
the working part chassis (2009) is connected with the working part main beam (2008) in a sliding manner and is used for driving the working part chassis (2009) to slide back and forth along the working part main beam (2008) in a reciprocating manner to form a cutter head front and back travelling oil cylinder (2007), one end of the cutter head front and back travelling oil cylinder (2007) is fixed on the working part main beam (2008), and the other end of the cutter head front and back travelling oil cylinder is hinged to the working part chassis (2009);
the cutter head lifting oil cylinder (2010) is used for driving the cutter head gear box (2011) to slide in a reciprocating manner in the vertical direction along the working part chassis (2009), one end of the cutter head lifting oil cylinder (2010) is hinged to the working part chassis (2009), and the other end of the cutter head lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the cutter head gear box (2011);
the working cutterhead (2013) is integrally disc-shaped and is connected with a cutterhead gear box (2011) through a driving main shaft (2014) arranged at the circle center of the working cutterhead, and a crushing device is arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutterhead (2013);
the motor device is connected with a gear of the cutter head gear box (2011) in a transmission manner and outputs power through the driving main shaft (2014) for driving the working cutter head (2013) to rotate.
2. A ditcher as claimed in claim 1,
the front vehicle (1) is provided with a front steering joint (1009) and a front joint base (1010), the front steering joint (1009) is rotatably connected to the front joint base (1010) in the horizontal direction, the front joint base (1010) is in sliding connection with a front vehicle (1) body and is used for driving a front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1011) of the front joint base (1010) to slide in a left-right reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction, one end of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1011) is hinged to the front vehicle (1) body, and the other end of the front joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1011) is hinged to the front joint base (1010);
the rear vehicle (3) is provided with a rear steering joint (3009) and a rear joint base (3008), the rear steering joint (3009) is rotatably connected to the rear joint base (3008) in the horizontal direction, the rear joint base (3008) is in sliding connection with the rear vehicle (3) body and is used for driving a rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3007) of the rear joint base (3008) to slide left and right in a reciprocating mode in the horizontal direction, one end of the rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3007) is hinged to the rear vehicle (3) body, and the other end of the rear joint horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3007) is hinged to the rear joint base (3008);
two ends of the main beam (2008) of the working part are respectively hinged with the front steering joint (1009) and the rear steering joint (3009).
3. A ditcher as claimed in claim 1,
the front part of the front vehicle (1) is provided with a front supporting device (1001), and the front supporting device (1001) comprises a front supporting base (1001-01), a front supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1001-02), a first front supporting frame (1001-04A), a second front supporting frame (1001-04B), a first front supporting oil cylinder (1001-03A), a second front supporting oil cylinder (1001-03B), a front supporting sliding block (1001-05), a first front supporting sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and a second front supporting sliding block positioning key (1001-06B);
the front support base (1001-01) is fixed on a frame of a front vehicle (1), the front support sliding block (1001-05) is connected with the front support base (1001-01) in a left-right sliding mode, and two ends of the front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1001-02) are hinged to the front support base (1001-01) and the front support sliding block (1001-05) respectively;
one end of each of the first front support frame (1001-04A) and the second front support frame (1001-04B) is hinged with the front support sliding block (1001-05), the other end of each of the first front support frame (1001-03A) and the second front support frame (1001-03B) is hinged with one end of the first front support oil cylinder (1001-03A) and the second front support oil cylinder (1001-03B), and the other end of each of the first front support oil cylinder (1001-03A) and the second front support oil cylinder (1001-03B) is hinged with the front support sliding block (1001-05);
the first front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and the second front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06B) are respectively fixed at two sides of the front support base (1001-01) and used for limiting the position of the front support sliding block (1001-05) in the vertical direction so that the front support sliding block can only slide along the surfaces of the first front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and the second front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06B);
a rear supporting device (3001) is arranged at the rear part of the rear vehicle (3), and the rear supporting device (3001) comprises a rear supporting base (3001-01), a rear supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3001-02), a first rear supporting frame (3001-04A), a second rear supporting frame (3001-04B), a first rear supporting oil cylinder (3001-03A), a second rear supporting oil cylinder (3001-03B), a rear supporting slide block (3001-05), a first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and a second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B);
the rear support base (3001-01) is fixed on a frame of the rear vehicle (3), the rear support sliding block (3001-05) is connected with the rear support base (3001-01) in a left-right sliding mode, and two ends of the rear support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3001-02) are hinged with the rear support base (3001-01) and the rear support sliding block (3001-05) respectively;
one end of each of the first rear support frame (3001-04A) and the second rear support frame (3001-04B) is hinged to a rear support slider (3001-05), the other end of each of the first rear support frame (3001-03A) and the second rear support frame (3001-03B) is hinged to one end of each of the first rear support cylinder (3001-03A) and the second rear support cylinder (3001-03B), and the other end of each of the first rear support cylinder (3001-03A) and the second rear support cylinder (3001-03B) is hinged to a rear support slider (3001-05);
the first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B) are fixed on two sides of the rear supporting base (3001-01) and used for limiting the position of the rear supporting slide block (3001-05) in the vertical direction, so that the rear supporting slide block positioning key can only slide along the surfaces of the first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B).
4. A ditcher as claimed in claim 2,
the front part of the front vehicle (1) is provided with a front supporting device (1001), and the front supporting device (1001) comprises a front supporting base (1001-01), a front supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1001-02), a first front supporting frame (1001-04A), a second front supporting frame (1001-04B), a first front supporting oil cylinder (1001-03A), a second front supporting oil cylinder (1001-03B), a front supporting sliding block (1001-05), a first front supporting sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and a second front supporting sliding block positioning key (1001-06B);
the front support base (1001-01) is fixed on a frame of a front vehicle (1), the front support sliding block (1001-05) is connected with the front support base (1001-01) in a left-right sliding mode, and two ends of the front support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (1001-02) are hinged with the front support base (1001-01) and the front support sliding block (1001-05) respectively;
one end of each of the first front support frame (1001-04A) and the second front support frame (1001-04B) is hinged with the front support sliding block (1001-05), the other end of each of the first front support frame (1001-03A) and the second front support frame (1001-03B) is hinged with one end of the first front support oil cylinder (1001-03A) and the second front support oil cylinder (1001-03B), and the other end of each of the first front support oil cylinder (1001-03A) and the second front support oil cylinder (1001-03B) is hinged with the front support sliding block (1001-05);
the first front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and the second front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06B) are respectively fixed at two sides of the front support base (1001-01) and used for limiting the position of the front support sliding block (1001-05) in the vertical direction so that the front support sliding block can only slide along the surfaces of the first front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06A) and the second front support sliding block positioning key (1001-06B);
a rear supporting device (3001) is arranged at the rear part of the rear vehicle (3), and the rear supporting device (3001) comprises a rear supporting base (3001-01), a rear supporting horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3001-02), a first rear supporting frame (3001-04A), a second rear supporting frame (3001-04B), a first rear supporting oil cylinder (3001-03A), a second rear supporting oil cylinder (3001-03B), a rear supporting slide block (3001-05), a first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and a second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B);
the rear support base (3001-01) is fixed on a frame of the rear vehicle (3), the rear support sliding block (3001-05) is connected with the rear support base (3001-01) in a left-right sliding mode, and two ends of the rear support horizontal adjusting oil cylinder (3001-02) are hinged with the rear support base (3001-01) and the rear support sliding block (3001-05) respectively;
one end of each of the first rear support frame (3001-04A) and the second rear support frame (3001-04B) is hinged with the rear support slider (3001-05), the other end of each of the first rear support frame (3001-03A) and the second rear support frame (3001-03B) is hinged with one end of each of the first rear support cylinder (3001-03A) and the second rear support cylinder (3001-03B), and the other end of each of the first rear support cylinder (3001-03A) and the second rear support cylinder (3001-03B) is hinged with the rear support slider (3001-05);
the first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B) are fixed on two sides of the rear supporting base (3001-01) and used for limiting the position of the rear supporting slide block (3001-05) in the vertical direction, so that the rear supporting slide block positioning key can only slide along the surfaces of the first rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06A) and the second rear supporting slide block positioning key (3001-06B).
5. A ditcher according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
breaker on work blade disc (2013) includes that a plurality of whole are cylindric hobbing cutters, the hobbing cutter has bellied cutting edge on the circumferencial direction of its cylindric body, the hobbing cutter is fixed on work blade disc (2013) body through the axle that runs through its cylindric body axle center, and the plane that should run through the axle place in hobbing cutter cylindric body axle center is parallel with drive main shaft (2014), the hobbing cutter can wind the axle rotation that runs through its cylindric body axle center.
6. A ditcher as claimed in claim 5,
the hob of the crushing device comprises a single-edge hob (2002), a double-edge hob (2003) and a trimming hob (2005);
a scraper (2001) which is integrally polygonal-prism-shaped is further arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutter head (2013);
the scraper (2001), the single-edge hob (2002), the double-edge hob (2003) and the trimming hob (2005) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the working cutter head (2013).
7. A ditcher according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the motor device is arranged on a cutter head gear box (2011), a shaft of the motor device is extended and connected with an input bevel gear, the driving main shaft (2014) is connected with an output bevel gear (2015), and the input bevel gear is meshed and driven with the output bevel gear (2015).
8. A ditcher as claimed in claim 5,
the motor device sets up on blade disc gear box (2011), motor device's axle is stretched and is connected the input bevel gear, output bevel gear (2015) is connected to drive main shaft (2014), input bevel gear and output bevel gear (2015) meshing transmission.
9. A ditcher as claimed in claim 6,
the motor device is arranged on a cutter head gear box (2011), a shaft of the motor device is extended and connected with an input bevel gear, the driving main shaft (2014) is connected with an output bevel gear (2015), and the input bevel gear is meshed and driven with the output bevel gear (2015).
10. A ditcher as claimed in claim 7,
the motor device comprises a front motor (2012A) and a rear motor (2012B) which are oppositely arranged, wherein a shaft of the front motor (2012A) is connected with a front input bevel gear (2016A), a shaft of the rear motor (2012B) is connected with a rear input bevel gear (2016B), and the front input bevel gear (2016A) and the rear input bevel gear (2016B) are respectively in meshing transmission with an output bevel gear (2015).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310246854.7A CN115928829B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Ditching machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310246854.7A CN115928829B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Ditching machine |
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| CN115928829B CN115928829B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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| CN112359899A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-12 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Wheel type cutter head hard rock trencher |
| CN217974262U (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-06 | 云南升盈建设工程有限公司 | Novel ditching machine is used in water supply and drainage pipeline engineering construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20070089329A1 (en) * | 2005-10-22 | 2007-04-26 | Sigmund Richard W Sr | Walk behind trencher for limited depth installations |
| CN102535559A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-04 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | Chain cutter type mixing pile wall forming equipment |
| CN108222104A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-06-29 | 滁州职业技术学院 | A kind of rotary ditcher with balancing device |
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