CN113107036A - Earth excavation device and excavation process - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an earthwork excavation device and excavation technology relates to the field of earthwork excavation, its include supporting mechanism, set up in digging arm on the supporting mechanism and set up in digging arm keeps away from the processing mechanism of supporting mechanism one end, processing mechanism including set up in digging arm keep away from the mounting panel of supporting mechanism one end, through first propulsion subassembly set up in the first connecting plate of mounting panel one side, set up in the drilling subassembly and the hammering subassembly of first connecting plate, through the second propulsion subassembly set up in the second connecting plate of mounting panel one side and set up in the cutting component of second connecting plate, the drilling subassembly is used for boring the stone side, the hammering subassembly is used for hammering the stone side, the cutting component is used for cutting the stone side. This application can drill, hammer and cut stone side respectively through setting up drilling subassembly, hammering subassembly and cutting assembly, improves the efficiency of excavating.

Description

Earth excavation device and excavation process

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of earth excavation, in particular to an earth excavation device and an excavation process.

Background

The earth excavation is a key process from the initial stage of the engineering to the construction process, and is an engineering for loosening, crushing, excavating and transporting out soil and rocks. According to the properties of rock and soil, the earth and stone excavation is divided into earth excavation and stone excavation. Earth excavation is classified into open excavation, tunnel excavation and underwater excavation according to the construction environment, i.e., open excavation, underground excavation or underwater excavation.

In the related art, earth is generally excavated using an excavator, and the earth is loosened and excavated by a bucket provided on an excavating arm during excavation.

With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors have considered that there may be some rocks having a large volume in the earth, which are difficult to excavate by the excavator, thereby lowering the excavation efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the efficiency of excavation, this application provides an earthwork excavation device and excavation technology.

First aspect, this application provides an earth excavation device, adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an earthwork excavation device, include supporting mechanism, set up in last excavation arm of supporting mechanism and set up in the processing mechanism of supporting mechanism one end is kept away from to the excavation arm, processing mechanism including set up in the excavation arm keep away from the mounting panel of supporting mechanism one end, through first propulsion subassembly set up in the first connecting plate of mounting panel one side, set up in the drilling subassembly and the hammering subassembly of first connecting plate, through the second propulsion subassembly set up in the second connecting plate of mounting panel one side and set up in the cutting component of second connecting plate, the drilling subassembly is used for boring the stone side, the hammering subassembly is used for hammering the stone side, the cutting component is used for cutting the stone side.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, excavate the earthwork through excavating the arm, when excavating great rock in the earthwork, can successively cut, drill hole and hammering the rock respectively through cutting assembly, drilling subassembly and hammering subassembly, can carry out the breakage to the rock to improve the efficiency of excavating.

Optionally, the hammering assembly comprises a first slide rail arranged at one end of the first connecting plate, a first sliding block slidably connected in the first slide rail, a hammering spring arranged at one end of the first sliding block, an impacting member arranged at one end of the first sliding block far away from the hammering spring, a second slide rail arranged at one end of the first connecting plate and located at one side of the first slide rail, a second sliding block slidably connected in the second slide rail, a sliding cylinder for pushing the second sliding block, a second wedge block arranged on the first slide rail and located at one side of the first sliding block, and a first wedge block connected to the first sliding block through a sliding component, wherein the sliding direction of the first sliding block is parallel to the sliding direction of the second sliding block, one end of the hammering spring far away from the first sliding block is connected with the first slide rail, one end of the first wedge block far away from the first slide rail is provided with a connecting column, the one end that the second slider is close to first wedge is provided with the promotion post, promote the cooperation of post and first wedge, the spliced pole cooperatees with the second wedge.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the cylinder that slides promotes the second sliding block, make the second sliding block remove in the second slide rail, the second sliding block drives and promotes the post motion, thereby it slides to drive first sliding block through first wedge, make the hammering spring compressed, when the spliced pole contacts with the second wedge, the second wedge can promote first wedge through the spliced pole, make the sliding part compressed, and make first wedge break away from and promote the post, the elastic potential energy that the hammering spring was saved promotes first sliding block, make first sliding block drive striking piece striking rock, thereby carry out crushing treatment to the rock.

Optionally, the first propelling assembly comprises a first propelling cylinder arranged on one side of the mounting plate away from the first connecting plate and an inner connecting plate arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the first propelling cylinder, the inner connecting plate is rotatably connected with the first connecting plate through a rotating shaft, and the inner connecting plate is provided with a rotating assembly for driving the first connecting plate to rotate; the drilling subassembly including set up in the drilling motor of first connecting plate and set up in the drill bit of drilling motor output.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the rock needs to be drilled, the piston rod of the first propulsion cylinder extends out, the first connecting plate and the drill bit are close to the rock, and the first propulsion cylinder continuously extends out while the drill bit is driven to rotate by the drilling motor; after the rock is drilled, the hammering assembly can hammer the rock conveniently.

Optionally, the rotating assembly includes a rotating motor disposed on the inner connecting plate, a rotating gear disposed on an output end of the rotating motor, and a rotating gear ring disposed on the first connecting plate, and the rotating gear ring is engaged with the rotating gear.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate motor drive rotating gear and rotate to drive first connecting plate through rotating the ring gear and rotate, thereby can adjust the position of drilling subassembly and hammering subassembly.

Optionally, the supporting mechanism includes a moving assembly, a base disposed on the moving assembly, a rotating seat rotatably connected to the base, and a steering assembly for driving the rotating seat to rotate, and the excavating arm is disposed on the rotating seat; the movable assembly comprises a mounting frame arranged at the bottom of the rotating seat, a driving wheel rotatably connected to the mounting frame through a driving shaft, a driving wheel rotatably connected to the mounting frame, a synchronous belt used for driving the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and a driving part used for driving the driving wheel to rotate, wherein the driving part comprises a driving motor arranged on the mounting frame, a driving bevel gear arranged at the output end of the driving motor, and a driven bevel gear arranged on the driving shaft, and the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs excavate the earthwork of different positions, driving motor drive bevel gear rotates, drives drive shaft and action wheel rotation through driven bevel gear to drive the hold-in range motion through the action wheel.

Optionally, the steering assembly comprises a steering motor arranged on the base, a steering gear arranged at the output end of the steering motor, and a steering gear ring arranged on the rotating seat, and the steering gear is meshed with the steering gear ring.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, turn to the motor drive steering gear and rotate to drive through turning to the ring gear and rotate the seat and turn to, thereby can excavate the earthwork of different positions, improve its practicality.

Optionally, the excavating arm comprises a large arm hinged to the rotating seat, a first cylinder hinged between the rotating seat and the large arm, a small arm hinged to one end, far away from the rotating seat, of the large arm, a second cylinder hinged between the large arm and the small arm, a bucket hinged to one end, far away from the large arm, of the small arm, and a third cylinder hinged between the small arm and the bucket, and the mounting plate is arranged at a position, close to the bucket, of the small arm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first cylinder piston rod is flexible, can adjust the angle between big arm and the rotation seat, and second cylinder piston rod is flexible, can adjust the angle between forearm and the big arm, and third cylinder piston rod is flexible, can adjust the angle between forearm and the scraper bowl, and the scraper bowl of being convenient for excavates the earthwork.

Optionally, the second propulsion assembly comprises a second propulsion cylinder arranged on one side of the mounting plate; the cutting assembly comprises a cutting motor arranged on the second connecting plate and a cutting saw blade arranged at the output end of the cutting motor.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when meetting the rock of great piece, the second impels the cylinder piston rod to stretch out, makes second connecting plate and cutting saw bit be close to the rock, and cutting motor drive cutting saw bit rotates, makes the cutting saw bit cut the rock.

Optionally, the mounting groove has been seted up to the one end that first sliding block is close to the second sliding block, first wedge sliding connection is in the mounting groove, the part that slides including set up in first wedge is close to the screw rod, the cover that slides of mounting groove one end and locates the spring and the threaded connection that slide in the screw rod outside slide in the nut that slides in the screw rod outside, the screw rod that slides runs through the one end that the mounting groove was kept away from to first sliding block, the spring that slides is located the mounting groove, the nut that slides is located the one end that the mounting groove was kept away from to first sliding block, the slip direction of the screw rod that slides is perpendicular with the slip direction of second sliding block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when spliced pole and second wedge contact, first sliding block continues the motion, makes the hammering spring continue to be compressed to make first wedge be continuous to be promoted to the mounting groove in by the second wedge, make the sliding spring compressed, and make first wedge with break away from and promote the post.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an excavation process of an earth excavation device, which adopts the following technical scheme, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: measuring and paying off, wherein a measurer with actual construction measurement experience is equipped to perform measurement lofting and retesting in the whole construction process;

step two: determining an excavation sequence and a transportation route;

step three: laying a construction pavement, lofting the roadbed, performing foundation treatment after lofting, excavating surface layer mellow soil by using an excavator, replacing the surface layer mellow soil by using sandy soil in a construction area, mixing and leveling the roadbed by using lime soil, and compacting by using a road roller;

step four: excavating earthwork, namely excavating ploughing and planting soil on the surface layer in advance by using a layered excavation method, and then excavating deep soil;

step five: and (4) carrying out earthwork transportation, wherein the earthwork transportation adopts four front wheels and eight rear wheels to carry out transportation in a lorry.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can comparatively standardize, quick excavate the earthwork to quick soil after the excavation transports.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the earthwork is excavated through the excavating arm, when larger rocks in the earthwork are excavated, the rocks can be cut, drilled and hammered through the cutting assembly, the drilling assembly and the hammering assembly in sequence, and the rocks can be crushed, so that the excavating efficiency is improved;

2. the sliding cylinder pushes the second sliding block to enable the second sliding block to move in the second sliding rail, the second sliding block drives the pushing column to move, so that the first sliding block is driven to slide through the first wedge-shaped block, the hammering spring is compressed, when the connecting column is in contact with the second wedge-shaped block, the second wedge-shaped block can push the first wedge-shaped block through the connecting column, the sliding part is compressed, the first wedge-shaped block is separated from the pushing column, elastic potential energy accumulated by the hammering spring pushes the first sliding block, the first sliding block drives the impacting part to impact the rock, and therefore the rock is crushed;

3. when a large rock is encountered, the piston rod of the second propulsion cylinder extends out to enable the second connecting plate and the cutting saw blade to be close to the rock, and the cutting motor drives the cutting saw blade to rotate to enable the cutting saw blade to cut the rock.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a support mechanism of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a digging arm of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a processing mechanism of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hammer assembly of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a glide component of an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a rotating seat; 3. a mounting frame; 4. a driving wheel; 5. a driven wheel; 6. a synchronous belt; 7. a drive shaft; 8. a drive motor; 9. a drive bevel gear; 10. a driven bevel gear; 11. a vertical axis; 12. a steering motor; 13. a steering gear; 14. a steering ring gear; 15. a large arm; 16. a small arm; 17. a bucket; 18. a first cylinder; 19. a second cylinder; 20. a third cylinder; 21. mounting a plate; 22. a second connecting plate; 23. a second propulsion cylinder; 24. cutting the motor; 25. cutting the saw blade; 26. a first connecting plate; 27. a first propulsion cylinder; 28. an inner connection plate; 29. a rotating shaft; 30. rotating the motor; 31. a rotating gear; 32. rotating the gear ring; 33. a drilling motor; 34. a drill bit; 35. a first slide rail; 36. a first sliding block; 37. hammering the spring; 38. a striker; 39. connecting blocks; 40. mounting grooves; 41. a first wedge block; 42. connecting columns; 43. a second slide rail; 44. a second sliding block; 45. a slipping cylinder; 46. pushing the column; 47. a second wedge block; 48. a first inclined plane; 49. a second inclined plane; 50. sliding the screw rod; 51. a sliding spring; 52. and (4) sliding the nut.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.

The embodiment of the application discloses earthwork excavation device. Referring to fig. 1, the earth-moving apparatus includes a support mechanism, an excavating arm mounted on the support mechanism, and a handling mechanism mounted on the excavating arm.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the supporting mechanism includes a moving assembly installed at the bottom of the base 1, a rotating seat 2 installed at the top of the base 1, and a steering assembly installed between the rotating seat 2 and the base 1, and further, an excavating arm installed at the top of the rotating seat 2. The moving assembly comprises an installation frame 3, two driving wheels 4, two driven wheels 5 and a synchronous belt 6, the installation frame 3 is installed at the bottom of the base 1, the installation frame 3 is in an I shape, the two driving wheels 4 and the two driven wheels 5 are arranged, two opposite ends of the installation frame 3 horizontally rotate to form the driving shafts 7, the length directions of the two driving shafts 7 are overlapped with each other, the two driving wheels 4 are respectively in key connection with the outer sides of the two driving shafts 7, the two driven wheels 5 respectively horizontally rotate at the two opposite ends of the installation frame 3, and the positions of the driving wheels 4 correspond to the positions of the driven; the synchronous belts 6 are arranged in two, and the synchronous belts 6 transmit the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5.

The moving assembly further comprises a driving part, the driving part comprises a driving motor 8, a driving bevel gear 9 and a driven bevel gear 10, the driving motor 8 is installed on the inner side of the mounting frame 3, the driving motor 8 is located on one side of the driving wheel 4, and the length direction of the driving motor 8 is perpendicular to the length direction of the driving shaft 7; the drive bevel gear 9 key-type is connected in the 8 output ends of driving motor, and driven bevel gear 10 key-type is connected in the drive shaft 7 outside, and drive bevel gear 9 and driven bevel gear 10 mesh.

Starting the driving motor 8, the output end of the driving motor 8 drives the driving bevel gear 9 to rotate, so that the driving wheel 4 is driven to rotate through the driven bevel gear 10 and the driving shaft 7, the synchronous belt 6 is driven to move, and the positions of the mounting frame 3 and the base 1 are adjusted.

Referring to fig. 2, a vertical shaft 11 is vertically installed at a middle position of the top surface of the base 1, and the rotary base 2 and the base 1 are rotatably connected by the vertical shaft 11. The steering assembly comprises a steering motor 12, a steering gear 13 and a steering gear ring 14, the steering gear ring 14 is installed at the bottom of the rotating seat 2, the vertical shaft 11 is located at the center of the rotating gear ring 32, the steering motor 12 is vertically installed at the top of the base 1, the position of the steering motor 12 corresponds to the position of the steering gear ring 14, the steering gear 13 is connected to the output end of the steering motor 12 in a key mode, and the steering gear 13 is meshed with the steering gear ring 14.

When the rotating seat 2 needs to be turned, the turning motor 12 is started, the output end of the turning motor 12 drives the turning gear 13 to rotate, and therefore the turning gear ring 14 drives the rotating seat 2 to turn.

Referring to fig. 4, the excavating arm comprises a large arm 15, a small arm 16 and a bucket 17, the large arm 15 is hinged to the top of the rotating seat 2, a first cylinder 18 is hinged to the top of the rotating seat 2, the first cylinder 18 is positioned on one side of the large arm 15, and one end, far away from the rotating seat 2, of a piston rod end of the first cylinder 18 is hinged to the middle of the large arm 15; the small arm 16 is hinged to one end, far away from the rotating seat 2, of the large arm 15, the middle position of the large arm 15 is hinged to the second air cylinder 19, and one end, far away from the large arm 15, of the piston rod end of the second air cylinder 19 is hinged to the small arm 16; the bucket 17 is hinged to one end, far away from the large arm 15, of the small arm 16, the position, far away from the bucket 17, of the small arm 16 is hinged to a third air cylinder 20, and one end, far away from the small arm 16, of a piston rod end of the third air cylinder 20 is hinged to the bucket 17.

When the need excavates the stone side, through mutually supporting of first cylinder 18, second cylinder 19 and third cylinder 20, can carry out multi-angle to the position of scraper bowl 17 and adjust, the scraper bowl 17 of being convenient for excavates the earthwork.

Referring to fig. 5, the processing mechanism includes a mounting plate 21, a second connecting plate 22 and a cutting assembly, the mounting plate 21 is connected to the outer side of the small arm 16 and is close to the position of the bucket 17, the side surface of the mounting plate 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the small arm 16, the mounting plate 21 is arranged in a long strip shape, and the length direction of the mounting plate 21 is perpendicular to the length direction of the small arm 16; a second attachment plate 22 is attached to the side of the mounting plate 21 adjacent the bucket 17 by a second propulsion assembly.

The second propulsion assembly comprises a second propulsion cylinder 23, the length direction of the second propulsion cylinder 23 is parallel to the length direction of the small arm 16, a piston rod of the second propulsion cylinder 23 penetrates through two opposite sides of the mounting plate 21 and extends out of one side of the mounting plate 21 close to the bucket 17, the piston rod of the second propulsion cylinder 23 is connected with the mounting plate 21 in a sliding mode, the second connecting plate 22 is connected to the end portion of the piston rod of the second propulsion cylinder 23, and the side face of the second connecting plate 22 is parallel to the side face of the mounting plate 21.

The cutting assembly comprises a cutting motor 24 and a cutting saw blade 25, the cutting motor 24 is installed on one side, close to the mounting plate 21, of the second connecting plate 22, the length direction of the cutting motor 24 is parallel to the side face of the second connecting plate 22, the cutting saw blade 25 is connected to the output end of the cutting motor 24, and the cutting saw blade 25 is in a circular arrangement.

The processing mechanism further comprises a first connecting plate 26, a drilling assembly and a hammering assembly, the first connecting plate 26 is connected to one side, close to the bucket 17, of the mounting plate 21 through a first pushing assembly, the first pushing assembly comprises a first pushing cylinder 27 and an inner connecting plate 28, the first pushing cylinder 27 is connected to one side, far away from the bucket 17, of the mounting plate 21, the length direction of the first pushing cylinder 27 is parallel to the length direction of the small arm 16, piston rods of the first pushing cylinders 27 penetrate through two opposite sides of the mounting plate 21 and extend out of one side, close to the bucket 17, of the mounting plate 21, piston rods of the first pushing cylinders 27 are connected with the mounting plate 21 in a sliding mode, and the side face of the inner connecting plate 28 is parallel to the side.

A rotation shaft 29 is connected to a side of the inner connecting plate 28 away from the first propulsion cylinder 27, a longitudinal direction of the rotation shaft 29 is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the first propulsion cylinder 27, and the inner connecting plate 28 and the first connecting plate 26 are rotatably connected by the rotation shaft 29. A rotating assembly is arranged between the inner connecting plate 28 and the first connecting plate 26, the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor 30, a rotating gear 31 and a rotating gear ring 32, the rotating motor 30 is arranged on one side of the inner connecting plate 28, which is far away from the first connecting plate 26, the rotating gear 31 is in key connection with the output end of the rotating motor 30, and the rotating gear 31 is arranged between the inner connecting plate 28 and the first connecting plate 26; the rotary ring gear 32 is mounted on the first connecting plate 26 on the side thereof adjacent to the inner connecting plate 28, and the rotary shaft 29 is located at the center of the rotary ring gear 32, and further, the rotary gear 31 is meshed with the rotary ring gear 32.

The rotating motor 30 is started, the output end of the rotating motor 30 drives the rotating gear ring 32 and the first connecting plate 26 to rotate through the rotating gear 31, and the positions of the drilling assembly and the hammering assembly are convenient to adjust.

The first connector plate 26 has a size greater than the size of the inner connector plate 28. The drilling assembly comprises a drilling motor 33 and a drill bit 34, the drilling motor 33 is installed on one side, close to the inner connecting plate 28, of the first installation plate 21, the drilling motor 33 is located at the peripheral position of the first installation plate 21, the drill bit 34 is installed at the output end of the drilling motor 33, the drill bit 34 penetrates through and extends to one side, far away from the inner connecting plate 28, of the first installation plate 21, and the drill bit 34 is rotatably connected with the first connecting plate 26.

The first propulsion cylinder 27 is activated to extend the piston rod of the first propulsion cylinder 27, the first linkage plate 26 is then rotated by the rotation assembly to adjust the position of the drill bit 34 to align the drill bit 34 with the rock, and the drilling motor 33 is activated to rotate the drill bit 34 at the output of the drilling motor 33 to drill the rock through the drill bit 34.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, after the rock is drilled, the rock is hammered by the hammering assembly. The hammering assembly comprises a first sliding rail 35, a first sliding block 36, a hammering spring 37 and an impact piece 38, the first sliding rail 35 is connected to the end position, away from the drilling motor 33, of the first connecting plate 26, the length direction of the first sliding rail 35 is parallel to the length direction of the rotating shaft 29, the first sliding block 36 is connected in the first sliding rail 35 in a sliding mode, and the first sliding block 36 can move along the length direction of the first sliding rail 35; the hammering spring 37 is connected to one end, close to the mounting plate 21, of the first sliding block 36, the length direction of the hammering spring 37 is parallel to the length direction of the first sliding rail 35, a connecting block 39 is connected to the position, close to the mounting plate 21, of the first sliding rail 35, and one end, far away from the first sliding block 36, of the hammering spring 37 is connected with the connecting block 39; the striking member 38 is connected to an end of the first sliding block 36 away from the hammer spring 37, and in this embodiment, the striking member 38 is a weight.

Square mounting groove 40 has been seted up to first sliding block 36 one end, and the length direction of seting up direction and first slide rail 35 of mounting groove 40 is perpendicular, and the hammering subassembly still includes first wedge 41, and first wedge 41 is connected in mounting groove 40 through the sliding part, and first wedge 41 is located first slide rail 35 one side, and the one end that first slide rail 35 was kept away from to first wedge 41 is connected with spliced pole 42.

The hammering assembly further comprises a second slide rail 43, a second sliding block 44 and a sliding cylinder 45, the second slide rail 43 is connected to the end position of the first connecting plate 26 far away from the first slide rail 35, the second slide rail 43 is positioned on one side of the first sliding block 36 close to the mounting groove 40, and the length direction of the second slide rail 43 is parallel to the length direction of the first slide rail 35; second skid 44 is connected in second slide rail 43, and sliding cylinder 45 is located between mounting panel 21 and second skid 44, and sliding cylinder 45 piston rod tip is connected with second skid 44 one end, and sliding cylinder 45 piston rod's flexible direction is parallel with second skid 44's slip direction. In addition, one end of the second sliding block 44 close to the first wedge block 41 is connected with a pushing column 46, the position of the pushing column 46 corresponds to the position of the first wedge block 41, and the pushing column 46 and the first wedge block 41 are matched with each other.

The hammering assembly further comprises a second wedge-shaped block 47, the second wedge-shaped block 47 is mounted on the first slide rail 35 and is close to the mounting plate 21, and the position of the second wedge-shaped block 47 corresponds to the position of the connecting column 42; the facing surfaces of the first wedge-shaped block 41 and the second wedge-shaped block 47 are a first inclined surface 48 and a second inclined surface 49 respectively, the first inclined surface 48 faces to the side close to the mounting plate 21, the second inclined surface 49 faces to the side far away from the mounting plate 21, and the first inclined surface 48 and the second inclined surface 49 are parallel to each other.

The sliding component comprises a sliding screw 50, a sliding spring 51 and a sliding nut 52, the sliding screw 50 is connected to one end of the first wedge block 41 close to the installation groove 40, the length direction of the sliding screw 50 is parallel to the opening direction of the installation groove 40, the sliding screw 50 penetrates through one end of the first sliding block 36 far away from the installation groove 40, and the sliding screw 50 is connected with the first sliding block 36 in a sliding manner; the sliding spring 51 is sleeved outside the sliding screw 50, the sliding spring 51 is positioned in the mounting groove 40, and two ends of the sliding spring 51 are respectively connected with the bottom of the mounting groove 40 and the first wedge block 41; one end of the sliding screw 50, which is far away from the first wedge block 41, extends out of one end of the first sliding block 36, which is far away from the mounting groove 40, the sliding nut 52 is in threaded connection with the outer side of the sliding screw 50, and the sliding nut 52 is located at one end of the first sliding block 36, which is far away from the mounting groove 40.

When the rock needs to be hammered, the piston rod of the sliding cylinder 45 contracts to drive the second sliding block 44 to move, the second sliding block 44 drives the pushing column 46 to move, after the pushing column 46 is contacted with the first wedge block 41, the pushing column 46 can drive the first sliding block 36 to move together through the first wedge block 41, the hammering spring 37 is compressed, and elastic potential energy is continuously accumulated, when the first sliding block 36 moves until the connecting column 42 is contacted with the second wedge block 47, under the action of the second wedge block 47, a part of the first wedge block 41 can be pushed into the mounting groove 40, the sliding spring 51 is compressed, the first wedge block 41 is separated from the pushing column 46, and the hammering spring 37 pushes the first sliding block 36 with a large force to drive the striking piece 38 to hammer the rock, so that the rock is hammered.

The implementation principle of this application embodiment earth excavation device does: the driving motor 8 is started, the output end of the driving motor 8 drives the driving bevel gear 9 to rotate, so that the driving wheel 4 is driven to rotate through the driven bevel gear 10 and the driving shaft 7, the synchronous belt 6 is driven to move, and the positions of the mounting frame 3 and the base 1 are adjusted; then excavate the earthwork through the digging arm, when needing to excavate great rock, start cutting motor 24, cutting motor 24 output drives cutting saw blade 25 and rotates, and the second impels 23 piston rods of cylinders to stretch out simultaneously, cuts the rock through cutting saw blade 25.

After the cutting is completed, the rotating motor 30 is started, the output end of the rotating motor 30 drives the rotating gear ring 32 and the first connecting plate 26 to rotate through the rotating gear 31, the positions of the drilling assembly and the hammering assembly are adjusted, the drilling assembly is aligned with the rock, the first propulsion cylinder 27 is started, the piston rod of the first propulsion cylinder 27 extends out, then the drilling motor 33 is started, the output end of the drilling motor 33 drives the drill bit 34 to rotate, and therefore the rock is drilled through the drill bit 34.

After drilling the rock, hammering the rock through the hammering component, during hammering, the piston rod of the sliding cylinder 45 contracts to drive the second sliding block 44 to move, the second sliding block 44 drives the pushing column 46 to move, after the pushing column 46 is contacted with the first wedge block 41, the pushing column 46 can drive the first sliding block 36 to move together through the first wedge block 41, so that the hammering spring 37 is compressed and elastic potential energy is continuously accumulated, when the first sliding block 36 moves to the contact of the connecting column 42 and the second wedge block 47, under the action of the second wedge block 47, a part of the first wedge block 41 can be pushed into the mounting groove 40, so that the sliding spring 51 is compressed, the first wedge block 41 is separated from the pushing column 46, so that the hammering spring 37 pushes the first sliding block 36 with a large force to drive the striking piece 38 to hammer the rock, and accordingly hammer the rock.

After the rock is hammered, the broken rock is excavated again by the excavating arm.

The embodiment of the application also discloses an excavation process of the earth excavation device, and the excavation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: and measuring the paying-off. According to the actual situation of the engineering field, reasonably laying plane construction control network points, and covering the whole construction range by the control point connecting lines as much as possible; and a measurer with actual construction measurement experience is equipped to perform measurement lofting and retesting in the whole construction process.

Step two: and determining the excavation sequence and the transportation route. Before earthwork excavation, lofting is carried out on positions of excavation sidelines, artificial islands in excavation areas, reserved earthwork and construction sidewalks, and marking is carried out by lime.

Step three: and (5) paving a construction pavement. Lofting the roadbed, performing foundation treatment after lofting, excavating surface layer mellow soil by using an excavator, and replacing by using sandy soil in a construction area; the main road is provided with two lanes, namely a heavy lane and an empty lane, and the roadbed is mixed and leveled by lime soil and compacted by a road roller; the surface layer is a mud stone road surface, broken bricks with the thickness of 0.6m are paved, proper amount of clay is doped, and the surface layer is compacted by a road roller again after being leveled; and (3) paving a steel plate with the length of 4.5m and the width of 2m on each pavement layer, wherein the thickness of the steel plate is 2cm, and the steel plate is paved on one side of the heavy-duty road.

Step four: and (5) excavating the earth. Excavating through an earthwork excavating device, excavating 80-100 cm of ploughing and planting soil on the surface layer by a layered excavating method, piling up when transporting to a soil unloading area zero, and excavating deep soil.

Step five: and (5) carrying out earthwork transportation. The excavation area is provided with a temporary waiting area, transport vehicles which are well maintained enter a construction site, empty vehicles wait for loading at respective specified excavation points in sequence, the transport vehicles need to be consciously matched with the excavator to safely load the vehicles, the vehicles timely leave the excavation points after earthwork loading, the vehicles sequentially run in the transportation process, and the earthwork transportation adopts front four wheels and rear eight wheels to transport in a lorry.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an earth excavation device which characterized in that: including supporting mechanism, set up in last digging arm of supporting mechanism and set up in digging arm keeps away from the processing mechanism of supporting mechanism one end, processing mechanism including set up in digging arm keep away from mounting panel (21) of supporting mechanism one end, through first propulsion subassembly set up in first connecting plate (26) of mounting panel (21) one side, set up in drilling subassembly and hammering subassembly of first connecting plate (26), through the second propulsion subassembly set up in second connecting plate (22) of mounting panel (21) one side and set up in the cutting component of second connecting plate (22), drilling subassembly is used for boring stone side, hammering subassembly is used for hammering stone side, cutting component is used for cutting stone side.

2. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the hammering component comprises a first slide rail (35) arranged at one end of the first connecting plate (26), a first sliding block (36) connected in the first slide rail (35) in a sliding manner, a hammering spring (37) arranged at one end of the first sliding block (36), an impact piece (38) arranged at one end, far away from the hammering spring (37), of the first sliding block (36), a second slide rail (43) arranged at one end of the first connecting plate (26) and positioned on one side of the first slide rail (35), a second sliding block (44) connected in the second slide rail (43) in a sliding manner, a sliding cylinder (45) used for pushing the second sliding block (44), a second wedge-shaped block (47) arranged on the first slide rail (35) and positioned on one side of the first sliding block (36), and a first wedge-shaped block (41) connected to the first sliding block (36) through a sliding component, the slip direction of first sliding block (36) is parallel with the slip direction of second sliding block (44), the one end and the first slide rail (35) of keeping away from first sliding block (36) are connected in hammering spring (37), the one end that first slide rail (35) were kept away from in first wedge (41) is provided with spliced pole (42), the one end that the second slider is close to first wedge (41) is provided with promotes post (46), promote post (46) and first wedge (41) cooperation, spliced pole (42) cooperate with second wedge (47).

3. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first propelling assembly comprises a first propelling cylinder (27) arranged on one side of the mounting plate (21) far away from the first connecting plate (26) and an inner connecting plate (28) arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the first propelling cylinder (27), the inner connecting plate (28) is rotatably connected with the first connecting plate (26) through a rotating shaft (29), and the inner connecting plate (28) is provided with a rotating assembly for driving the first connecting plate (26) to rotate; the drilling assembly comprises a drilling motor (33) arranged on the first connecting plate (26) and a drill bit (34) arranged at the output end of the drilling motor (33).

4. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor (30) arranged on the inner connecting plate (28), a rotating gear (31) arranged at the output end of the rotating motor (30) and a rotating gear ring (32) arranged on the first connecting plate (26), and the rotating gear ring (32) is meshed with the rotating gear (31).

5. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the supporting mechanism comprises a moving assembly, a base (1) arranged on the moving assembly, a rotating seat (2) connected to the base (1) in a rotating mode and a steering assembly used for driving the rotating seat (2) to rotate, and the excavating arm is arranged on the rotating seat (2); the moving assembly comprises a mounting frame (3) arranged at the bottom of the rotating seat (2), a driving wheel (4) rotatably connected to the mounting frame (3) through a driving shaft (7), a driven wheel (5) rotatably connected to the mounting frame (3), a synchronous belt (6) used for transmitting the driving wheel (4) and the driven wheel (5) and a driving part used for driving the driving wheel (4) to rotate, the driving part comprises a driving motor (8) arranged on the mounting frame (3), a driving bevel gear (9) arranged at the output end of the driving motor (8) and a driven bevel gear (10) arranged on the driving shaft (7), and the driving bevel gear (9) is meshed with the driven bevel gear (10).

6. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the steering assembly comprises a steering motor (12) arranged on the base (1), a steering gear (13) arranged at the output end of the steering motor (12) and a steering gear ring (14) arranged on the rotating base (2), and the steering gear (13) is meshed with the steering gear ring (14).

7. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the excavating arm comprises a large arm (15) hinged to the rotating base (2), a first cylinder (18) hinged between the rotating base (2) and the large arm (15), a small arm (16) hinged to one end, far away from the rotating base (2), of the large arm (15), a second cylinder (19) hinged between the large arm (15) and the small arm (16), a bucket (17) hinged to one end, far away from the large arm (15), of the small arm (16) and a third cylinder (20) hinged between the small arm (16) and the bucket (17), and the mounting plate (21) is arranged at a position, close to the bucket (17), of the small arm (16).

8. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the second propelling component comprises a second propelling cylinder (23) arranged on one side of the mounting plate (21); the cutting assembly comprises a cutting motor (24) arranged on the second connecting plate (22) and a cutting saw blade (25) arranged at the output end of the cutting motor (24).

9. The earth excavation apparatus of claim 2, wherein: one end of the first sliding block (36) close to the second sliding block (44) is provided with a mounting groove (40), the first wedge block (41) is connected in the installation groove (40) in a sliding manner, the sliding component comprises a sliding screw rod (50) which is arranged at one end, close to the installation groove (40), of the first wedge block (41), a sliding spring (51) which is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding screw rod (50) and a sliding nut (52) which is in threaded connection with the outer side of the sliding screw rod (50), the sliding screw rod (50) penetrates through one end of the first sliding block (36) far away from the installation groove (40), the sliding spring (51) is positioned in the mounting groove (40), the sliding nut (52) is positioned at one end of the first sliding block (36) far away from the mounting groove (40), the sliding direction of the sliding screw rod (50) is vertical to the sliding direction of the second sliding block (44).

10. A excavation process including an earth excavation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the excavation process includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: measuring and paying off, wherein a measurer with actual construction measurement experience is equipped to perform measurement lofting and retesting in the whole construction process;

step two: determining an excavation sequence and a transportation route;

step three: laying a construction pavement, lofting the roadbed, performing foundation treatment after lofting, excavating surface layer mellow soil by using an excavator, replacing the surface layer mellow soil by using sandy soil in a construction area, mixing and leveling the roadbed by using lime soil, and compacting by using a road roller;

step four: excavating earthwork, namely excavating ploughing and planting soil on the surface layer in advance by using a layered excavation method, and then excavating deep soil;

step five: and (4) carrying out earthwork transportation, wherein the earthwork transportation adopts four front wheels and eight rear wheels to carry out transportation in a lorry.

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