CN115928252A - Production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn - Google Patents
Production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN115928252A CN115928252A CN202211736496.XA CN202211736496A CN115928252A CN 115928252 A CN115928252 A CN 115928252A CN 202211736496 A CN202211736496 A CN 202211736496A CN 115928252 A CN115928252 A CN 115928252A
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- Prior art keywords
- strength low
- polyester industrial
- production process
- industrial yarn
- shrinkage polyester
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Polymers O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Landscapes
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
A production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps: s1: mixing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride, melting in a screw extruder, and extruding to obtain reinforced copolymer; s2: melting the reinforced copolymer and the PET sticky sheet in the step S1 in a screw extruder to obtain a spinning melt; s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing viscosity increasing device, and filtering by a filter; s4: and (4) spinning, cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn. The high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn has high strength, low shrinkage and low linear density deviation rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to a production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the requirements of people on the variety, quality and grade of clothes and decorative materials, the consumption price of differentiated and functional polyester filaments is continuously increased, and the market prospect is wide.
The preparation process in the prior art has the following defects: the low shrink product is because tension is too little, and the silk shakes the problem easily, and dry heat shrinkage factor is high, and the problem that can't normally convolute and move ahead emerges a large amount of high-end applications along with emerging market at present, if can make conventional equipment can produce the low shrink product of high strength to technological innovation, will possess high competitiveness in the aspect of machine efficiency and cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn, and the obtained polyester filament yarn has good strength, low shrinkage and low deviation rate of linear density.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride, melting in a screw extruder, and extruding to obtain reinforced copolymer;
s2: melting the reinforced copolymer and the PET sticky sheet in the step S1 in a screw extruder to obtain a spinning melt;
s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing viscosity increasing device, and filtering by a filter;
s4: and (4) spinning the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3), cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the PET sticky piece to the reinforced copolymer is 100.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and the maleic anhydride in the step S1 is 1.
Preferably, the molding process in step S4 specifically includes: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate to obtain a molding treatment solution;
and (3) soaking the cooled and molded polyester spinning yarn into the molding treatment liquid for 12-24 hours.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the polyurethane to the modified titanium dioxide solution to the N, N-dimethylformamide to the butyl acetate is 1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution specifically comprises the following steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 60-70 ℃ for 1-2h, adding ammonia water with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-8, continuing stirring for 2-3h, adding hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, reacting at 80-90 ℃ for 6-8h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified titanium dioxide solution.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the titanium sulfate to the deionized water to the ammonia water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
Preferably, the screw rotating speed of the screw extruder in the step S1 is 100-200r/min, the temperature is 150-170 ℃, and the head pressure of the screw is 2-3MPa;
in the step S2, the screw rotating speed of the screw extruder is 400-600r/min, the temperature is 250-280 ℃, and the head pressure of the screw extruder is 6-8MPa.
Preferably, the stirring speed of the viscosity increasing device in the step S3 is 3-5r/min, and the temperature is 250-280 ℃.
Preferably, the spinning speed in step S4 is 2500-3500m/min, and the drawing multiple is 3-5 times.
According to the invention, the PET bonding sheet is modified by the reinforced copolymer, so that the wrapping thickness of the PET bonding sheet is increased, gaps of the PET bonding sheet are filled, the crack deflection capability of the PET bonding sheet is improved, more energy is absorbed through higher crack deflection to improve the breaking strength of the polyester filament yarn, and the orientation and crystallization of the polyester filament yarn are reduced, so that the low-shrinkage polyester filament yarn is obtained.
According to the invention, the polyester filament yarn is subjected to post-treatment by the polyurethane-modified titanium dioxide solution, so that more reaction sites are formed on the surface of the polyester filament yarn, and the linear density deviation rate of the polyester filament yarn is further reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the raw materials and equipment of the present invention are commercially available, such as screw extruder, etc., and the raw materials of titanium sulfate, polyurethane, etc., are not specifically listed.
Example one
A production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride according to the weight part ratio of 1;
s2: mixing and melting the PET sticky sheet and the reinforced copolymer in the step S1 in a screw extruder according to the weight part ratio of 100 to 9, wherein the rotation speed of the screw extruder is 600r/min, the temperature is 280 ℃, and the pressure of a screw head is 8MPa to obtain a spinning melt;
s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing tackifier, wherein the stirring speed is 5r/min, the temperature is 280 ℃, and filtering by a filter;
s4: and (4) spinning the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3) (the spinning speed is 3500m/min, the drawing multiple is 5 times), cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
The forming process in step S4 specifically includes: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1;
and (3) immersing the polyester spun yarn subjected to cooling forming into the forming treatment liquid for 24 hours.
The preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution comprises the following specific steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 70 ℃ for 2h, adding ammonia water with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8, continuing stirring for 3h, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, reacting at 90 ℃ for 8h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium dioxide solution, wherein the weight ratio of the titanium sulfate to the deionized water to the ammonia water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
Example two
A production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride according to the weight part ratio of 1;
s2: mixing and melting the PET sticky sheet and the reinforced copolymer in the step S1 in a screw extruder according to the weight part ratio of 100 to 9, wherein the rotating speed of the screw extruder is 400r/min, the temperature is 250 ℃, and the pressure of a screw head is 6MPa to obtain a spinning melt;
s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing tackifier, wherein the stirring speed is 3r/min, the temperature is 250 ℃, and filtering by a filter;
s4: and (4) spinning the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3) (the spinning speed is 2500m/min, the drawing multiple is 3 times), cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
The forming process in step S4 specifically includes: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1;
and (3) immersing the polyester spun yarn subjected to cooling forming into the forming treatment liquid for 12 hours.
The preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution comprises the following specific steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 60 ℃ for 1h, adding ammonia water with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7, continuing stirring for 2h, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, reacting at 80 ℃ for 6h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium dioxide solution, wherein the weight part ratio of the titanium sulfate to the deionized water to the ammonia water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
EXAMPLE III
A production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride according to the weight part ratio of 1;
s2: mixing and melting the PET sticky sheet and the reinforced copolymer in the step S1 in a screw extruder according to the weight part ratio of 100 to 9, wherein the rotating speed of the screw extruder is 500r/min, the temperature is 260 ℃, and the pressure of a screw head is 7MPa to obtain a spinning melt;
s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing tackifier, wherein the stirring speed is 4r/min, the temperature is 260 ℃, and filtering by a filter;
s4: and (4) spinning the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3) (the spinning speed is 3000m/min, the drafting multiple is 4 times), cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
The forming process in step S4 specifically includes: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1;
and (3) soaking the cooled and molded polyester spinning yarn into the molding treatment liquid for 18 hours.
The preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution comprises the following steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 65 ℃ for 1.5h, adding 50% by mass of ammonia water, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7.5, continuing stirring for 2.5h, adding 30% by mass of hydrogen peroxide solution, reacting at 85 ℃ for 7h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium dioxide solution, wherein the weight ratio of the titanium sulfate to the deionized water to the ammonia water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 and the example 1 have basically the same components and production process in parts by weight, except that the reinforced copolymer is not used, specifically:
a production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing and melting PET sticky sheets in a screw extruder according to the weight part ratio of 100 to 9, wherein the rotating speed of the screw extruder is 600r/min, the temperature is 280 ℃, and the pressure of a screw head is 8MPa, so as to obtain a spinning melt;
s2: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S1 in a homogenizing viscosity increasing device, wherein the stirring speed is 5r/min, the temperature is 280 ℃, and filtering by a filter;
s3: and (3) spinning the spinning melt obtained in the step (S2) (the spinning speed is 3500m/min, and the drawing multiple is 5 times), cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
The forming process in step S3 specifically includes: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate according to the weight ratio of 1;
and (3) immersing the polyester spun yarn subjected to cooling forming into the forming treatment liquid for 24 hours.
The preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution comprises the following specific steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 70 ℃ for 2h, adding ammonia water with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8, continuing stirring for 3h, adding hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, reacting at 90 ℃ for 8h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a modified titanium dioxide solution, wherein the weight ratio of the titanium sulfate to the deionized water to the ammonia water to the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
Sampling and testing are carried out on the polyester filaments of the three-way new material sold in the examples 1-3 and the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial filament obtained in the comparative example 1 according to the standard of GBT 16604-2017 determination of the polyester industrial filament.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the breaking strength of examples 1 to 3 is improved as compared with that of the commercially available polyester yarn and comparative example 1, and the linear density deviation ratio is low and the heat shrinkage ratio is low.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A production process of high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, N-methylene bisacrylamide and maleic anhydride, melting in a screw extruder, and extruding to obtain a reinforced copolymer;
s2: melting the reinforced copolymer and the PET sticky sheet in the step S1 in a screw extruder to obtain a spinning melt;
s3: tackifying the spinning melt in the step S2 in a homogenizing tackifier, and filtering by a filter;
s4: and (4) spinning, cooling and forming, drying, winding and shaping the spinning melt obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn.
2. The process for producing high-strength low-shrinkage industrial polyester yarn according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the PET sticky pieces to the reinforcing copolymer is 100.
3. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and the maleic anhydride in the step S1 is 1.
4. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molding treatment in the step S4 is specifically: mixing polyurethane, a modified titanium dioxide solution, N-dimethylformamide and butyl acetate to obtain a molding treatment solution;
and soaking the cooled and formed polyester spinning yarn into the forming treatment liquid for 12-24 hours.
5. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the polyurethane to the modified titanium dioxide solution to the N, N-dimethylformamide to butyl acetate is 1.
6. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the modified titanium dioxide solution specifically comprises the following steps:
dissolving titanium sulfate in deionized water, heating at 60-70 ℃ for 1-2h, adding ammonia water with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 7-8, continuing stirring for 2-3h, adding hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, reacting at 80-90 ℃ for 6-8h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified titanium dioxide solution.
7. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the titanium sulfate, the deionized water, the ammonia water and the hydrogen peroxide solution is 1.
8. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the screw rotation speed of the screw extruder is 100-200r/min, the temperature is 150-170 ℃, and the head pressure of the screw is 2-3MPa;
in the step S2, the screw rotating speed of the screw extruder is 400-600r/min, the temperature is 250-280 ℃, and the head pressure of the screw extruder is 6-8MPa.
9. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stirring speed of the viscosity increaser in the step S3 is 3-5r/min, and the temperature is 250-280 ℃.
10. The production process of the high-strength low-shrinkage polyester industrial yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spinning speed in the step S4 is 2500-3500m/min, and the draft multiple is 3-5 times.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0291218A (en) * | 1988-09-13 | 1990-03-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Polyester yarn having ramie-like feeling and production thereof |
US20050112372A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-26 | Rolland Loic P. | Ethylene copolymer modified oriented polyester films, tapes, fibers and nonwoven textiles |
CN101597816A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-12-09 | 浙江华欣新材料股份有限公司 | The preparation method of colorized fire-retardant delustering hollow polyester filament |
CN109551835A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-02 | 南昌冰冰熊冷暖家居用品有限公司 | The ventilative cooling fabric of one kind and its application |
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2022
- 2022-12-30 CN CN202211736496.XA patent/CN115928252A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0291218A (en) * | 1988-09-13 | 1990-03-30 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Polyester yarn having ramie-like feeling and production thereof |
US20050112372A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-26 | Rolland Loic P. | Ethylene copolymer modified oriented polyester films, tapes, fibers and nonwoven textiles |
CN101597816A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-12-09 | 浙江华欣新材料股份有限公司 | The preparation method of colorized fire-retardant delustering hollow polyester filament |
CN109551835A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-02 | 南昌冰冰熊冷暖家居用品有限公司 | The ventilative cooling fabric of one kind and its application |
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