CN113373544A - High-elongation para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-elongation para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113373544A
CN113373544A CN202110725844.2A CN202110725844A CN113373544A CN 113373544 A CN113373544 A CN 113373544A CN 202110725844 A CN202110725844 A CN 202110725844A CN 113373544 A CN113373544 A CN 113373544A
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elongation
para
aramid fiber
spinning
poly
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唐凯
宋西全
姜茂忠
张建红
侯春蕾
刘书杰
雒瑞银
王忠伟
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Ningxia Taihe Aramid Fiber Co ltd
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Ningxia Taihe Aramid Fiber Co ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/80Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyamides
    • D01F6/805Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyamides from aromatic copolyamides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06Wet spinning methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12Stretch-spinning methods

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a paraphenylene diamine solution and paraphenylene terephthaloyl chloride are subjected to continuous polycondensation in a two-step method under a low-temperature environment to obtain a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide polymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 6.5dL/g-7.0 dL/g; then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 18-21 percent; and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through an air layer of a spinneret plate, entering a coagulating bath, and neutralizing, washing, drying, oiling and winding to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber. The invention relates to the technical field of para-aramid fibers, and particularly provides a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of low elongation and strength reduction.

Description

High-elongation para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of para-aramid fibers, in particular to a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The para-aramid is all called aromatic polyamide fiber, and the amide group in the molecular structure is at the benzene ring (1,4) (aramid fiber 1414 for short). Para-aramid belongs to a high-rigidity polymer, the molecular structure of the para-aramid has high symmetry and regularity, and strong hydrogen bonds are formed among macromolecular chains, so that the para-aramid has the advantages of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, low density, small heat shrinkage, good dimensional stability and the like, and is widely applied to the key fields of aerospace, safety protection, information communication, transportation, structural reinforcement, automobile manufacturing and the like.
Domestic related patent application number CN201610934091.5 discloses an industrial production method of high-elongation para-aramid filaments. The coagulating bath is mainly made of 1-10% dilute sulfuric acid, the alkali washing is made of 0.1-3% alkali liquor, the fibers neutralized by the water washing are subjected to multistage heating, drying and shaping, and the water content can be better controlled to adjust the core-sheath structure inside the fibers. However, the elongation of the para-aramid fiber is only 4.04 percent, the strength is reduced, and the requirement of high-elongation para-aramid fiber is not met. Application No. CN201611176604.7, a method for manufacturing poly-p-phenylene terephthamide fiber with high breaking elongation, which mainly reduces the stretching effect of the fiber in the washing and drying processes through low tension control to realize high elongation of the fiber, but the fiber strength prepared by the method is mostly 21-24cN/dtex, and the high strength and high elongation performance of the fiber can not be realized at the same time. In addition, at present, the pair is abroad
Figure BDA0003138604920000011
The KM 2-grade high-strength and high-elongation para-aramid fiber is technically blocked and forbidden, and the stable batch production capacity of the high-elongation fiber is not available in China, so that a method for producing the high-elongation para-aramid fiber is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-elongation para-aramid fiber and the preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low elongation and strength reduction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) continuously polycondensing p-phenylenediamine solution and paraphthaloyl chloride by a two-step method under a low-temperature environment to obtain a poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 6.5dL/g-7.0 dL/g;
(2) then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 18-21 percent;
(3) and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum, filtering, metering, extruding and spinning, passing through an air layer of a spinneret plate, entering a coagulating bath, and neutralizing, washing, drying, oiling and winding to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
Further, the process for preparing the poly-p-phenylene terephthamide polymer by adopting the p-phenylenediamine solution and the terephthaloyl chloride through a two-step method comprises the following steps: the first step is to react p-phenylenediamine solution with 30 to 40 percent of terephthaloyl chloride solution at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 5 ℃, and then add 60 to 70 percent of terephthaloyl chloride at the temperature of between 0 and 10 ℃ to carry out secondary reaction, thus obtaining the yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with stable intrinsic viscosity of between 6.5dL/g and 7.0 dL/g.
Further, the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 97% -103%, and preferably 99% -101%.
Further, the dissolving temperature of the poly-p-phenylene terephthamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid is 80-90 ℃, and the concentration of the spinning solution in a double-screw dissolving machine in the extrusion spinning process is controlled to be 18-21%, preferably 18.5-19.5%.
Further, the spinning solution passes through a spinneret plate, the thickness of the air layer is 3-20mm, the temperature of a coagulation bath is 20-30 ℃, and the temperature of the coagulation bath is preferably 23-28 ℃.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 1.0-2.5D.
Further, the drafting ratio of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber is 2-10, preferably 3-9.
Further, the elongation at break of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber is 4.0-5.0%, and the elastic modulus is as follows: 80-100Gpa, tensile strength: 18-24 cN/dtex.
The invention with the structure has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which is prepared by accurately controlling the proportioning range and the temperature through a two-step method on the basis of the original production, and is suitable for producing poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer by the high-elongation para-aramid fiber, wherein the tensile strength, the breaking strength and the elastic modulus of the para-aramid fiber are all better improved, and the SO in a crystal liquid is stirred for a long time2、SO3The detachment is more sufficient; the higher the single fiber number of the para-aramid fiber is, the more beneficial to increasing the elongation is;
(2) the invention relates to a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the temperature of a spinning stock solution in a coagulating bath is 20-30 ℃, and the higher temperature can accelerate the phase separation speed and properly reduce the fiber compactness, thereby improving the fiber toughness. The product is at room temperature, has excellent cost advantage and is already in industrialized production;
(3) the invention relates to a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof, when the single fiber number is 2.25D, the fiber is not easy to break, and the spinnability is good;
(4) the invention relates to a high-elongation para-aramid fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein when the draft ratio is 4, the polymer chain has better relaxation property and higher elongation at break ratio.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fibers of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a process flow chart of a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
Embodiment 1 the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 30% terephthaloyl chloride solution at the temperature of-5 ℃, and then adding 70% terephthaloyl chloride at the temperature of 0 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 6.8 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 100 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 19 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 2h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through an air layer of 8mm, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 20 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 1.5D, and the draw ratio is 4.
Example 2: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 40% terephthaloyl chloride solution at the temperature of minus 2 ℃, and then adding 60% terephthaloyl chloride at the temperature of 3 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 7.0 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 101 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 19.5 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 2h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through a 10mm air layer, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 23 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 2.25D, and the draw ratio is 4.
Example 3: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 35% terephthaloyl chloride solution at 1 ℃, and then adding 65% terephthaloyl chloride at 5 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 6.8 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 98 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 20 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 3h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through a 10mm air layer, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 27 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 2.25D, and the draw ratio is 7.
Example 4: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 40% terephthaloyl chloride solution at 3 ℃, and then adding 60% terephthaloyl chloride at 7 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 6.5 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 100 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 19.7 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 3h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through an air layer of 12mm, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 30 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 2.25D, and the draw ratio is 7.
Example 5: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 40% terephthaloyl chloride solution at 3 ℃, and then adding 60% terephthaloyl chloride at 7 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 6.5 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 100 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 19.7 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 3h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through an air layer of 12mm, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 27 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 1.0D, and the draw ratio is 7.
Example 6: the invention relates to a preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, reacting a p-phenylenediamine solution with a 40% terephthaloyl chloride solution at 3 ℃, and then adding 60% terephthaloyl chloride at 7 ℃ for secondary reaction to obtain a yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with the stable intrinsic viscosity of 6.5 dL/g;
then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 100 percent by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 19.7 percent;
and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum for 3h, filtering, metering, spinning, passing through a 10mm air layer, then entering a coagulating bath at the temperature of 27 ℃, washing, drying, oiling, and finally coiling to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
The single fiber fineness of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber prepared by the method is 1.5D, and the draw ratio is 7.
TABLE 1 parameters of high-elongation para-aramid fibers obtained according to examples 1 to 6
Figure BDA0003138604920000051
Table 1 shows a comparison of the parameters of 6 sets of high elongation para-aramid fibers obtained according to examples 1-6.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of high-elongation para-aramid fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) continuously polycondensing p-phenylenediamine solution and paraphthaloyl chloride by a two-step method under a low-temperature environment to obtain a poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer with the intrinsic viscosity of 6.5dL/g-7.0 dL/g;
(2) then dissolving the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning method to obtain liquid crystal spinning solution with the concentration of 18-21 percent;
(3) and (3) defoaming the spinning solution in vacuum, filtering, metering, extruding and spinning, passing through an air layer of a spinneret plate, entering a coagulating bath, and neutralizing, washing, drying, oiling and winding to obtain the high-elongation para-aramid fiber.
2. The method for preparing the high-elongation para-aramid fiber according to claim 1, wherein the process for preparing the poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer from the p-phenylenediamine solution and the terephthaloyl chloride by adopting a two-step method comprises the following steps: the first step is to react p-phenylenediamine solution with 30 to 40 percent of terephthaloyl chloride solution at the temperature of between 15 ℃ below zero and 5 ℃, and then add 60 to 70 percent of terephthaloyl chloride at the temperature of between 0 and 10 ℃ to carry out secondary reaction, thus obtaining the yellow powdery poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer with stable intrinsic viscosity of between 6.5dL/g and 7.0 dL/g.
3. The preparation method of the high-elongation para-aramid fiber according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 97-103%.
4. The method for preparing the high-elongation para-aramid fiber according to claim 1, wherein the dissolution temperature of the poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid is 80-90 ℃, and the concentration of the spinning solution in a double-screw dissolving machine during extrusion spinning is controlled to be 18-21%.
5. The method for preparing the high-elongation para-aramid fiber according to claim 1, wherein the spinning dope passes through a spinneret with an air layer height of 3-20mm and a coagulation bath temperature of 20-30 ℃.
6. A high-elongation para-aramid fiber obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The high-elongation para-aramid fiber as claimed in claim 6, wherein the single fiber fineness is 1.0 to 2.5D.
8. A high elongation para-aramid fiber as claimed in claim 7 having a fiber draft ratio of 2 to 10.
9. The high-elongation para-aramid fiber as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fiber elongation at break is 4.0 to 5.0%, and the elastic modulus: 80-100Gpa, tensile strength: 18-24 cN/dtex.
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114351276A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-15 烟台泰和新材料股份有限公司 High-strength para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof
CN115247289A (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-10-28 四川大学 Co-spun fibers and methods of making the same

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US20170241048A1 (en) * 2014-08-20 2017-08-24 Kolon Industries, Inc. High-strength copolymerized aramid fiber and preparing method therefor
CN111501126A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-08-07 宁夏泰和芳纶纤维有限责任公司 Preparation method of high-modulus para-aramid fiber
CN112695390A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-23 烟台泰和新材料股份有限公司 High-elongation low-modulus para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof

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US20170241048A1 (en) * 2014-08-20 2017-08-24 Kolon Industries, Inc. High-strength copolymerized aramid fiber and preparing method therefor
CN106544748A (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-03-29 烟台泰和新材料股份有限公司 A kind of high drawing p-aramid fiber filament industry production method
CN111501126A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-08-07 宁夏泰和芳纶纤维有限责任公司 Preparation method of high-modulus para-aramid fiber
CN112695390A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-23 烟台泰和新材料股份有限公司 High-elongation low-modulus para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114351276A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-15 烟台泰和新材料股份有限公司 High-strength para-aramid fiber and preparation method thereof
CN115247289A (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-10-28 四川大学 Co-spun fibers and methods of making the same
CN115247289B (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-09-22 四川大学 Co-spun fibers and method of making same

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