CN115923282A - Heat-preserving and heat-insulating building wallboard and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Heat-preserving and heat-insulating building wallboard and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN115923282A
CN115923282A CN202211531254.7A CN202211531254A CN115923282A CN 115923282 A CN115923282 A CN 115923282A CN 202211531254 A CN202211531254 A CN 202211531254A CN 115923282 A CN115923282 A CN 115923282A
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heat
layer
parts
building wallboard
energy absorption
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徐慧星
王中伟
孙永能
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Jiangsu Fushoukang Wood Industry Co ltd
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Jiangsu Fushoukang Wood Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-insulating building wallboard and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building components. The invention is used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, the energy absorption and buffering performance and the mechanical property of the composite building wallboard which takes PVC resin as the main component are not improved by a filler with good interface compatibility, and the moisture-proof, heat-preservation and flame-retardant properties of the building wallboard are improved by compounding various auxiliary agent components. This building wallboard is through setting up from inside to outside interior energy absorption buffer layer, interior heat preservation insulating layer, outer heat preservation insulating layer and the fire-retardant layer of outer fire prevention, and the inside elasticity that has after the construction installation is good, energy-absorbing buffering, syllable-dividing characteristics, and the outside has fire prevention, fire-retardant, heat-resisting characteristics, and the propagation of interior heat preservation insulating layer and the compound separation heat of outer heat preservation insulating layer and moisture plays good heat preservation, thermal-insulated and dampproofing effect.

Description

Heat-preserving and heat-insulating building wallboard and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building components, in particular to a heat-insulating building wallboard and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The building wallboard can be divided into bamboo wood fiber wallboard, aluminum alloy wallboard and concrete wallboard according to the difference of structure and composition, and wherein, bamboo wood fiber wallboard adopts natural bamboo wood fibre and waterproof and fireproof polymer material high temperature extrusion to form, has multiple characteristics such as green, dampproofing mould proof, fire prevention waterproof, heat preservation heat-proof, sound insulation fall make an uproar, high strength, easy installation.
The green environment-friendly bamboo-wood fiber integrated board disclosed by the first prior art (CN 109971097B) comprises the following components: bamboo fiber powder, wood fiber powder, ground limestone, polyvinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a heat stabilizer, a foaming regulator, a foaming agent, stearic acid, PE wax, medical stone, barite and tin element. The base material of the bamboo-wood fiber wallboard disclosed by the prior art II (CN 110283399B) comprises PVC resin, calcium carbonate powder, bamboo-wood fiber powder, a stabilizer, a foaming agent, a foaming regulator, stearic acid, PE wax, a base material surface hydrophilic modifier and an acrylate impact modifier, so that the bonding strength of the wallboard base material and the PUR hot melt adhesive can be improved, the processing condition width during film covering is widened, and the mechanical property of the wallboard base material is enhanced.
However, comprehensive research shows that the energy absorption and buffering performance and the mechanical property of the composite building wallboard with the PVC resin as the main component are not improved by the filler with good interface compatibility, and meanwhile, the moisture resistance, the heat preservation and the flame retardant property of the building wallboard are improved by compounding various auxiliary agent components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-insulating building wallboard and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, a composite building wallboard taking PVC resin as a main component does not have a filler with good interface compatibility to increase the energy absorption and buffering performance and the mechanical performance, and meanwhile, the moisture-proof, heat-insulating and flame-retardant performances of the building wallboard are improved by compounding various auxiliary agent components.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a heat-insulating building wallboard, which comprises an inner energy absorption buffer layer, an inner heat-insulating layer, an outer heat-insulating layer and an outer fireproof flame-retardant layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of sound insulation grooves are equidistantly formed in the inner energy absorption buffer layer; the inner energy absorption buffer layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 95-110 parts of PVC resin, 85-100 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 13-25 parts of energy-absorbing buffer filler, 3-10 parts of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 0.6-1.5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1 part of stearic acid and 0.8-2 parts of PE wax;
the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of PVC resin, 12-20 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 100-110 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 7-15 parts of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.6-1.2 parts of calcium stearate, 0.3-0.7 part of dodecenyl glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer;
the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 106 parts of PVC resin, 5 to 12 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 82 to 90 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 8 to 17 parts of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.4 to 0.8 part of calcium stearate, 0.3 to 0.7 part of dodecenyl diol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.2 to 0.6 part of methyl tin mercaptide.
According to the heat-insulation building wallboard, the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat-insulation layer, the outer heat-insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are arranged from inside to outside, the inner part has the characteristics of good elasticity, energy absorption buffering and sound insulation after construction and installation, the outer part has the characteristics of fire prevention, flame retardance and heat resistance, and the inner heat-insulation layer and the outer heat-insulation layer are compounded to block heat and moisture from spreading, so that good heat-insulation, heat-insulation and damp-proof effects are achieved; specifically, the internal absorption buffer layer is matched with the energy absorption buffer filler and other auxiliaries on the basis of taking PVC resin and ground limestone as main components, and has good tensile strength and energy absorption buffer capacity; the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer both take PVC resin and heavy calcium carbonate as main components, and are matched with bamboo fiber powder with good air permeability, wear resistance, bacteriostasis and deodorization, light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler and other auxiliary agents, so that the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer have good tensile strength, air permeability, moisture resistance, wear resistance and antibacterial property; the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is compounded with bamboo fiber powder, light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler and environment-friendly heat stabilizer methyl tin mercaptide on the basis of main components of PVC resin and heavy calcium carbonate, and the methyl tin mercaptide can promote the flow of the PVC resin in the extrusion and pressing process and is convenient to mix and compatible with the heavy calcium carbonate, so that the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer has good heat-resistant flame-retardant property and moisture-proof heat-preservation property.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the energy-absorbing buffering filler comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 5mg/mL of graphene oxide aqueous dispersion into a three-neck flask, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide suspension; adding gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane into the graphene oxide suspension, adding 36wt% of acetic acid solution, stirring for 6 hours at 55-70 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain silane modified graphene;
secondly, mixing silane modified graphene, ethylene propylene diene monomer particles and an acrylate toughening agent according to a mass ratio of 3-5: 1 to 3: 0.1-0.3, mixing for 20min at 140-160 ℃, and then introducing into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding to obtain an energy-absorbing buffer sheet;
and step three, cutting the energy-absorbing buffer sheet into fragments with the size of 1cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and crushing to obtain the energy-absorbing buffer filler with the grain diameter of 5-10 mu m.
As a further preferable embodiment of the present invention, in the first step, the amount ratio of the aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide to the absolute ethyl alcohol, γ -aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane and acetic acid solution is 5mL:20mL of: 3-5 mg:8mL; the temperature of hot pressing molding in the second step is 160-180 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 10MPa.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler comprises the following steps:
preparing a hydrated glass matrix: adding the hollow ceramic microspheres into 10wt% of hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring for 5min at 35 ℃, filtering under reduced pressure, cleaning with clear water, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain corroded ceramic microspheres; adding 1-3 g of calcium bentonite, 0.2-0.6 g of boric acid and 3-6 g of corrosion ceramic microspheres into 80-92 g of liquid sodium silicate, and centrifugally shearing at the rotating speed of 3600-4000 rpm for 8min to obtain compound hydrated glass sol;
preparing mixed sol: adding 12-16 g of fly ash into the compound hydrated glass sol, putting the mixture into a ball mill, adding 1-3 g of fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and 0.6-1.5 g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 3200-3600 rpm to obtain mixed sol;
foaming heat treatment: pouring the mixed sol into a crucible mold, heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation foaming for 30min to obtain a foamed intermediate product;
high-temperature heat treatment: cutting the foamed intermediate product into small blocks with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the small blocks into a constant-temperature drying oven with the temperature of 520 ℃, preserving heat, drying for 40-60 min, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler.
The light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler is a compound hydrated glass sol prepared from corrosive ceramic microspheres, calcium bentonite, boric acid and liquid sodium silicate, wherein the main component of the hollow ceramic microspheres is TiO 2 、SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 The paint has the performances of heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation, can show the rough effect of grooves and cracks on the surface by the corrosion of hydrofluoric acid solution, increases the specific surface area, and improves the heat preservation and heat insulation performance and the adhesion with PVC resin; then, taking the compound hydrated glass sol as a matrix, adding crystalline phase mineral fly ash, and matching with corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant stable fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and a binder polyvinylidene fluoride to obtain mixed sol; foaming and heat treating the mixed sol to obtain an air hole framework of the foam glass ceramic composite material, and removing residual hydroxyl in the framework in a high-temperature heat treatment process; the high porosity inside the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler ensures that heat is continuously lost and heat conduction is blocked when heat is transferred, and moisture is conducted and discharged through the pores, so that the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler has good moisture-proof heat-insulating performance.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 10-20 μm, the melting point is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 350MPa; the modulus of the liquid sodium silicate is 2.5, the peel strength is 5MPa, and the elongation is 20%; the dosage of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 5 times of the mass of the hollow ceramic microspheres.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat insulation layer, the outer heat insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are bonded by epoxy resin glue; the foaming agent is prepared by mixing azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate according to a mass ratio of 1:5.
As a further preferable scheme of the invention, the thicknesses of the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat insulation layer, the outer heat insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are respectively 8-15 mm, 10-20 mm and 6-12 mm.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the heat-insulating building wallboard, which comprises the following steps:
a) Mixing the layered materials: according to the components of the internal absorption buffer layer, the internal thermal insulation layer, the external thermal insulation layer and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer, heating and stirring for 30min at 120-130 ℃ by a high-speed mixer, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃ and stirring for 10min to respectively obtain an internal absorption buffer layer mixture, an internal thermal insulation layer mixture, an external thermal insulation layer mixture and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture;
b) Extruding and pressing: respectively adding the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture into a plate extruder, extruding at 150-170 ℃ to obtain an internal energy absorption buffer layer semi-finished product, an internal heat insulation layer semi-finished product, an external heat insulation layer semi-finished product and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product, and pressing the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product with epoxy resin glue at the pressure of 8-12 MPa to obtain a building wallboard semi-finished product;
c) Cooling and shaping: carrying out vacuum cooling and shaping on the building wallboard semi-finished product to obtain a building wallboard crude product;
d) Cutting, slotting and film pasting: and cutting the building wallboard crude product to a specified size, drilling holes at equal intervals in the inner energy absorption buffer layer to form a plurality of sound insulation grooves, and adhering a release film to the outer surface of the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer to obtain a building wallboard finished product.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the heat-insulation building wallboard, the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat-insulation layer, the outer heat-insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are arranged from inside to outside, so that the inner part has the characteristics of good elasticity, energy absorption, buffering and sound insulation after construction and installation, the outer part has the characteristics of fire prevention, flame retardance and heat resistance, and the inner heat-insulation layer and the outer heat-insulation layer are compounded to block heat and moisture from spreading, so that good heat-insulation, heat-insulation and moisture-proof effects are achieved.
2. According to the energy-absorbing buffer filler, the graphene oxide is subjected to functional modification by using a silane coupling agent gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane, so that an amino functional group is bonded to a graphene oxide framework to obtain silane modified graphene, and the reaction activity is improved; the amino on the silane modified graphene is blended with the ethylene propylene diene monomer particles, the amino and unsaturated bonds on the ethylene propylene diene monomer have an effect, the interface compatibility of a blending system is improved, after the toughening modification of the acrylate toughening agent, the tensile strength and the impact strength of an ethylene propylene diene monomer polymer are achieved, and the energy absorption and buffering performance of the internal energy absorption buffer layer is enhanced by cooperation of the amino and the unsaturated bonds on the ethylene propylene diene monomer polymer and a macromolecular polymeric structure of PVC resin.
3. The light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking compound hydrated glass sol as a matrix, doping crystalline phase mineral fly ash, and matching with corrosion-resistant weather-resistant stable perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer micro powder and polyvinylidene fluoride serving as a binder to obtain mixed sol; foaming and heat treating the mixed sol to obtain an air hole framework of the foam glass ceramic composite material, and removing residual hydroxyl in the framework in a high-temperature heat treatment process; the high porosity inside the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler ensures that heat is continuously lost and heat conduction is blocked when heat is transferred, and moisture is conducted and discharged through the pores, so that the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler has good moisture-proof heat-insulating performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an insulated building panel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of making the thermal insulating building panel of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: 10. an internal energy absorption buffer layer; 11. a sound insulation groove; 20. an inner heat insulation layer; 30. an outer heat insulation layer; 40. an outer fire resistant layer; 50. epoxy resin glue.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the heat-insulating building wallboard of the present embodiment includes an inner energy absorption buffer layer 10, an inner heat-insulating layer 20, an outer heat-insulating layer 30, and an outer fireproof flame-retardant layer 40, which are sequentially disposed from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of sound-insulating grooves 11 are equidistantly disposed in the inner energy absorption buffer layer 10; the levels of the inner energy absorption buffer layer 10, the inner heat insulation layer 20, the outer heat insulation layer 30 and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer 40 are bonded through epoxy resin glue 50; the foaming agent is prepared by mixing azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate according to the mass ratio of 1:5. The thicknesses of the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat insulation layer, the outer heat insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are respectively 12mm, 15mm, 16mm and 10mm, and the cross section of the sound insulation groove 11 is rectangular, circular or rhombic.
The inner energy absorption buffer layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 103g of PVC resin, 96g of heavy calcium carbonate, 20g of energy-absorbing buffer filler, 7g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 0.9g of foaming agent, 0.7g of stearic acid and 1.4g of PE wax; the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer are both prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 88g of PVC resin, 16g of bamboo fiber powder, 107g of heavy calcium carbonate, 14g of light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler, 0.9g of calcium stearate, 0.5g of dodecenyl diol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.4g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer; the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100g of PVC resin, 11g of bamboo fiber powder, 88g of heavy calcium carbonate, 15g of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.7g of calcium stearate, 0.6g of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.5g of methyl tin mercaptide.
The preparation method of the energy-absorbing buffering filler comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 50mL and 5mg/mL of graphene oxide aqueous dispersion into a three-neck flask, adding 200mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide suspension; adding 3mg of gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane into the graphene oxide suspension, adding 8mL of 36wt% acetic acid solution, stirring for 6 hours at 62 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain silane modified graphene;
step two, uniformly mixing 4.2g of silane modified graphene, 1.8g of ethylene propylene diene monomer particles and 0.22g of acrylate toughening agent, mixing for 20min at 150 ℃, and then feeding the mixture into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding to obtain an energy absorption buffer sheet; wherein the acrylate toughening agent is an acrylate elastomer, the tensile strength of the acrylate elastomer is 47MPa, the bending strength of the acrylate elastomer is 73MPa, and the cantilever beam impact strength of the acrylate elastomer is 9.3KJ/m 2 (ii) a The hot-press molding temperature is 168 ℃, and the hot-press pressure is 10MPa;
and step three, cutting the energy absorption buffer sheet into fragments with the size of 1cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and crushing to obtain the energy absorption buffer filler with the particle size of 5-10 mu m.
The preparation method of the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler comprises the following steps:
preparing a hydrated glass matrix: adding the hollow ceramic microspheres into 10wt% of hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring for 5min at 35 ℃, filtering under reduced pressure, cleaning with clear water, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain corroded ceramic microspheres; adding 2.1g of calcium bentonite, 0.4g of boric acid and 5g of corrosive ceramic microspheres into 86g of liquid sodium silicate, and centrifugally shearing at a rotating speed of 3800rpm for 8min to obtain compound hydrated glass sol; wherein the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 10-20 μm, the melting point is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 350MPa; the modulus of the liquid sodium silicate is 2.5, the peel strength is 5MPa, and the elongation is 20%; the dosage of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 5 times of the mass of the hollow ceramic microspheres;
preparing mixed sol: adding 14g of fly ash into the compound hydrated glass sol, putting the mixture into a ball mill, adding 1.6g of fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and 0.7g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 3400rpm to obtain mixed sol; wherein the average grain diameter of the fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder is 3-5 mu m, and the melting point is 270 ℃;
foaming heat treatment: pouring the mixed sol into a crucible mold, heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation foaming for 30min to obtain a foaming intermediate product;
high-temperature heat treatment: cutting the foamed intermediate product into small blocks with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the small blocks into a constant-temperature drying oven with the temperature of 520 ℃, preserving heat and drying for 50min, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler.
The manufacturing method of the heat-insulation building wallboard comprises the following steps of:
a) Mixing the layered materials: according to the components of the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer, the outer heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer, firstly heating and stirring for 30min at 122 ℃ through a high-speed mixer, then cooling to 45 ℃ and stirring for 10min to respectively obtain an inner energy absorption buffer layer mixture, an inner heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer mixture, an outer heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer mixture and an outer fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture;
b) Extruding and pressing: respectively adding the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture into a plate extruder, extruding at 160 ℃ to obtain an internal energy absorption buffer layer semi-finished product, an internal heat insulation layer semi-finished product, an external heat insulation layer semi-finished product and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product, and pressing the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product with epoxy resin glue at the pressure of 12MPa to obtain a building wallboard semi-finished product;
c) Cooling and shaping: carrying out vacuum cooling and shaping on the building wallboard semi-finished product to obtain a building wallboard crude product;
d) Cutting, slotting and film pasting: and cutting the building wallboard crude product to a specified size, drilling holes at equal intervals in the inner energy absorption buffer layer to form a plurality of sound insulation grooves, and adhering a release film to the outer surface of the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer to obtain a building wallboard finished product.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, the difference between the heat-insulating building wall panel of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the thicknesses of the inner energy absorption buffer layer 10, the inner heat-insulating layer 20, the outer heat-insulating layer 30 and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer 40 are 9mm, 20mm, 12mm and 8mm, respectively.
The inner energy absorption buffer layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 110g of PVC resin, 87g of heavy calcium carbonate, 15g of energy-absorbing buffering filler, 5g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 1.3g of foaming agent, 1g of stearic acid and 0.9g of PE wax; the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer are both prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 94g of PVC resin, 20g of bamboo fiber powder, 102g of heavy calcium carbonate, 9g of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.7g of calcium stearate, 0.7g of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.6g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer; the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 92g of PVC resin, 7g of bamboo fiber powder, 83g of heavy calcium carbonate, 10g of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.5g of calcium stearate, 0.5g of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.3g of methyl tin mercaptide.
The preparation method of the energy-absorbing buffering filler comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 50mL and 5mg/mL of graphene oxide aqueous dispersion into a three-neck flask, adding 200mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide suspension; adding 4.2mg of gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxysilane into the graphene oxide suspension, adding 8mL of 36wt% acetic acid solution, stirring for 6 hours at 70 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain silane modified graphene;
step two, uniformly mixing 3.3g of silane modified graphene, 2.8g of ethylene propylene diene monomer particles and 0.12g of acrylate toughening agent, mixing at 158 ℃ for 20min, and then introducing into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding to obtain an energy absorption buffer sheet; wherein the acrylate flexibilizer is an acrylate elastomer, the tensile strength of the acrylate elastomer is 47MPa, the bending strength of the acrylate elastomer is 73MPa, and the cantilever beam impact strength of the acrylate elastomer is 9.3KJ/m 2 (ii) a The hot-press molding temperature is 162 ℃, and the hot-press pressure is 10MPa;
and step three, cutting the energy-absorbing buffer sheet into fragments with the size of 1cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and crushing to obtain the energy-absorbing buffer filler with the grain diameter of 5-10 mu m.
The preparation method of the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler comprises the following steps:
preparing a hydrated glass matrix: adding the hollow ceramic microspheres into 10wt% of hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring for 5min at 35 ℃, filtering under reduced pressure, cleaning with clear water, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain corroded ceramic microspheres; adding 1.2g of calcium bentonite, 0.23g of boric acid and 3.3g of corrosive ceramic microspheres into 91g of liquid sodium silicate, and centrifugally shearing at the rotating speed of 4000rpm for 8min to obtain compound hydrated glass sol; wherein the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 10-20 μm, the melting point is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 350MPa; the modulus of the liquid sodium silicate is 2.5, the peel strength is 5MPa, and the elongation is 20%; the dosage of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 5 times of the mass of the hollow ceramic microspheres;
preparing mixed sol: adding 12g of fly ash into the compound hydrated glass sol, putting the mixture into a ball mill, adding 1.1g of fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and 0.9g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 3200rpm to obtain mixed sol; wherein the average grain diameter of the fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder is 3-5 mu m, and the melting point is 270 ℃;
foaming heat treatment: pouring the mixed sol into a crucible mold, heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation foaming for 30min to obtain a foamed intermediate product;
high-temperature heat treatment: cutting the foamed intermediate product into small blocks with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the small blocks into a constant-temperature drying oven with the temperature of 520 ℃, preserving heat and drying for 60min, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler.
The manufacturing method of the heat-insulation building wallboard comprises the following steps of:
a) Mixing the layered materials: according to the components of the internal absorption buffer layer, the internal thermal insulation layer, the external thermal insulation layer and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer, heating and stirring at 130 ℃ for 30min by a high-speed mixer, and then cooling to 46 ℃ and stirring for 10min to respectively obtain an internal absorption buffer layer mixture, an internal thermal insulation layer mixture, an external thermal insulation layer mixture and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture;
b) Extruding and pressing: respectively adding the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture into a plate extruder, extruding at 167 ℃ to obtain an internal energy absorption buffer layer semi-finished product, an internal heat insulation layer semi-finished product, an external heat insulation layer semi-finished product and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product, and pressing the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product at a pressure of 9MPa through epoxy resin glue to obtain a building wallboard semi-finished product;
c) Cooling and shaping: carrying out vacuum cooling and shaping on the building wallboard semi-finished product to obtain a building wallboard crude product;
d) Cutting, slotting and film pasting: and cutting the building wallboard crude product to a specified size, drilling holes at equal intervals in the inner energy absorption buffer layer to form a plurality of sound insulation grooves, and adhering a release film to the outer surface of the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer to obtain a building wallboard finished product.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1-2, the difference between the heat-insulating building wall panel of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the thicknesses of the inner energy absorption buffer layer 10, the inner heat-insulating layer 20, the outer heat-insulating layer 30 and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer 40 are 15mm, 12mm, 20mm and 12mm, respectively.
The inner energy absorption buffer layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 96g of PVC resin, 90g of heavy calcium carbonate, 24g of energy-absorbing buffer filler, 9g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 0.6g of foaming agent, 0.5g of stearic acid and 2g of PE wax; the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer are both prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 82g of PVC resin, 12g of bamboo fiber powder, 100g of heavy calcium carbonate, 12g of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 1.2g of calcium stearate, 0.3g of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.2g of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer; the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 105g of PVC resin, 9g of bamboo fiber powder, 90g of heavy calcium carbonate, 9g of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.4g of calcium stearate, 0.3g of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.6g of methyl tin mercaptide.
The preparation method of the energy-absorbing buffering filler comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 50mL and 5mg/mL of graphene oxide aqueous dispersion into a three-neck flask, adding 200mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide suspension; adding 4.8g of gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxysilane into the graphene oxide suspension, adding 8mL of 36wt% acetic acid solution, stirring for 6 hours at 55 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain silane modified graphene;
step two, uniformly mixing 5g of silane modified graphene, 1.2g of ethylene propylene diene monomer particles and 0.3g of acrylate toughening agent, mixing at 142 ℃ for 20min, and then introducing into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding to obtain an energy absorption buffer sheet; wherein the acrylate flexibilizer is an acrylate elastomer, the tensile strength of the acrylate elastomer is 47MPa, the bending strength of the acrylate elastomer is 73MPa, and the cantilever beam impact strength isThe impact strength is 9.3KJ/m 2 (ii) a The hot-press molding temperature is 177 ℃, and the hot-press pressure is 10MPa;
and step three, cutting the energy absorption buffer sheet into fragments with the size of 1cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and crushing to obtain the energy absorption buffer filler with the particle size of 5-10 mu m.
The preparation method of the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler comprises the following steps:
preparing a hydrated glass matrix: adding the hollow ceramic microspheres into 10wt% of hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring for 5min at 35 ℃, filtering under reduced pressure, cleaning with clear water, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain corroded ceramic microspheres; 2.9g of calcium bentonite, 0.6g of boric acid and 6g of corrosion ceramic microspheres are added into 82g of liquid sodium silicate, and the mixture is centrifugally sheared for 8min at the rotating speed of 3700rpm to obtain compound hydrated glass sol; wherein the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 10-20 μm, the melting point is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 350MPa; the modulus of the liquid sodium silicate is 2.5, the peel strength is 5MPa, and the elongation is 20%; the dosage of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 5 times of the mass of the hollow ceramic microspheres;
preparing mixed sol: adding 16g of fly ash into the compound hydrated glass sol, putting the mixture into a ball mill, adding 3g of fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and 1.4g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and carrying out ball milling at the rotating speed of 3600rpm for 30min to obtain mixed sol; wherein the average grain diameter of the fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder is 3-5 mu m, and the melting point is 270 ℃;
foaming heat treatment: pouring the mixed sol into a crucible mold, heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation foaming for 30min to obtain a foamed intermediate product;
high-temperature heat treatment: cutting the foamed intermediate product into small blocks with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the small blocks into a constant-temperature drying oven with the temperature of 520 ℃, preserving heat and drying for 43min, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler.
The manufacturing method of the heat-insulation building wallboard comprises the following steps of:
a) Mixing the layered materials: according to the components of the inner energy absorption buffer layer, the inner heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer, the outer heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer, firstly heating and stirring for 30min at 120 ℃ through a high-speed mixer, then cooling to 42 ℃ and stirring for 10min to respectively obtain an inner energy absorption buffer layer mixture, an inner heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer mixture, an outer heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer mixture and an outer fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture;
b) Extruding and pressing: respectively adding the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture into a plate extruder, extruding at 153 ℃ to obtain an internal energy absorption buffer layer semi-finished product, an internal heat insulation layer semi-finished product, an external heat insulation layer semi-finished product and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product, and pressing the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product at a pressure of 10MPa through epoxy resin glue to obtain a building wallboard semi-finished product;
c) Cooling and shaping: carrying out vacuum cooling and shaping on the building wallboard semi-finished product to obtain a building wallboard crude product;
d) Cutting, slotting and film pasting: and cutting the building wallboard crude product to a specified size, drilling holes at equal intervals in the inner energy absorption buffer layer to form a plurality of sound insulation grooves, and adhering a release film to the outer surface of the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer to obtain a building wallboard finished product.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the building wallboard with the heat preservation and the heat insulation functions and the building wallboard in the embodiment 3 is that no energy absorption buffering filler is added in the internal energy absorption buffering layer.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the heat-insulating building wallboard of the comparative example and the embodiment 3 is that the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler is not added in the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the building wallboard with the heat preservation and the heat insulation function in the comparative example and the building wallboard in the example 3 is that the light moisture-proof heat preservation filler is not added in the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer.
Comparative example 4
The difference between the thermal insulation building wallboard of the comparative example and the building wallboard of the example 3 is that the methyl tin mercaptide is not added to the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer.
Performance testing
The building wall boards prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested for compressive strength, flexural strength and water impermeability with reference to the standard GB/T30100-2013 "building wall board test method", and for fire endurance and air sound insulation with reference to the standard GB/T23451-2009 "light partition wall board for building", and the specific test results are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003976049990000151
as can be seen from the test results in the table above, the building wallboard prepared by the embodiment of the invention has better performance data than the comparative example; the mechanical properties such as compressive strength and breaking strength are excellent, the moisture resistance and water resistance are good due to good water impermeability, the heat resistance and flame retardance are excellent due to long fire-resistant limit time, and the sound insulation performance is excellent due to large air sound insulation amount. Comparative example 1 because the energy-absorbing buffer filler is not added in the internal energy-absorbing buffer layer, the tensile strength and the impact strength of the ethylene propylene diene monomer polymer can not be achieved, and the energy-absorbing buffer layer can not be cooperated with the macromolecular polymeric structure of the PVC resin to strengthen the energy-absorbing buffer performance of the internal energy-absorbing buffer layer, so that the mechanical property is obviously reduced; compared example 2 and compared example 3 because the light moisture-proof heat-insulating filler is not added in the hierarchy, the heat conduction is blocked quickly without compact air holes, and moisture is not easy to be discharged, so that the moisture-proof, heat-insulating and flame-retardant properties are reduced; in comparative example 4, since methyl tin mercaptide was not added to the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer, the heat-resistant flame-retardant property was lowered.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A heat-insulating building wallboard is characterized by comprising an inner energy absorption buffer layer, an inner heat-insulating layer, an outer heat-insulating layer and an outer fireproof flame-retardant layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein a plurality of sound insulation grooves are equidistantly formed in the inner energy absorption buffer layer; the inner energy absorption buffer layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 95-110 parts of PVC resin, 85-100 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 13-25 parts of energy-absorbing buffer filler, 3-10 parts of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 0.6-1.5 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1 part of stearic acid and 0.8-2 parts of PE wax;
the inner heat-insulating layer and the outer heat-insulating layer are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of PVC resin, 12-20 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 100-110 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 7-15 parts of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.6-1.2 parts of calcium stearate, 0.3-0.7 part of dodecenyl glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.2-0.6 part of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer;
the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 106 parts of PVC resin, 5 to 12 parts of bamboo fiber powder, 82 to 90 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 8 to 17 parts of light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler, 0.4 to 0.8 part of calcium stearate, 0.3 to 0.7 part of dodecene glycol polyoxyethylene ether and 0.2 to 0.6 part of methyl tin mercaptide.
2. A thermal insulating building panel according to claim 1, wherein said energy-absorbing cushion filler is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: adding 5mg/mL of graphene oxide aqueous dispersion into a three-neck flask, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly stirring, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide suspension; adding gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxysilane into the graphene oxide suspension, adding 36wt% of acetic acid solution, stirring for 6 hours at the temperature of 55-70 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying at the temperature of 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain silane modified graphene;
secondly, mixing silane modified graphene, ethylene propylene diene monomer particles and an acrylate toughening agent according to a mass ratio of 3-5: 1 to 3: 0.1-0.3, mixing for 20min at 140-160 ℃, and then introducing into a flat vulcanizing machine for hot press molding to obtain an energy-absorbing buffer sheet;
and step three, cutting the energy absorption buffer sheet into fragments with the size of 1cm multiplied by 0.5cm, and crushing to obtain the energy absorption buffer filler with the particle size of 5-10 mu m.
3. The heat-insulating building wallboard according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the graphene oxide water dispersion liquid to the absolute ethyl alcohol, the gamma-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane and the acetic acid solution in the first step is 5mL:20mL of: 3-5 mg:8mL; the temperature of hot pressing molding in the second step is 160-180 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 10MPa.
4. A thermal insulating building panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lightweight moisture resistant insulating filler is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
preparing a hydrated glass matrix: adding the hollow ceramic microspheres into 10wt% of hydrofluoric acid solution, stirring for 5min at 35 ℃, filtering under reduced pressure, cleaning with clear water, and drying at 90 ℃ to constant weight to obtain corroded ceramic microspheres; adding 1-3 g of calcium bentonite, 0.2-0.6 g of boric acid and 3-6 g of corrosion ceramic microspheres into 80-92 g of liquid sodium silicate, and centrifugally shearing at the rotating speed of 3600-4000 rpm for 8min to obtain compound hydrated glass sol;
preparing mixed sol: adding 12-16 g of fly ash into the compound hydrated glass sol, putting the mixture into a ball mill, adding 1-3 g of fluorinated ethylene propylene micropowder and 0.6-1.5 g of polyvinylidene fluoride, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 3200-3600 rpm to obtain mixed sol;
foaming heat treatment: pouring the mixed sol into a crucible mold, heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and carrying out heat preservation foaming for 30min to obtain a foamed intermediate product;
high-temperature heat treatment: cutting the foamed intermediate product into small blocks with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm, putting the small blocks into a constant-temperature drying oven with the temperature of 520 ℃, preserving heat, drying for 40-60 min, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the light moisture-proof heat-preservation filler.
5. The heat-insulating building wallboard according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres is 10-20 μm, the melting point is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 350MPa; the modulus of the liquid sodium silicate is 2.5, the peel strength is 5MPa, and the elongation is 20%; the dosage of the hydrofluoric acid solution is 5 times of the mass of the hollow ceramic microspheres.
6. The thermal insulation building wallboard of claim 1, wherein the inner energy-absorbing buffer layer, the inner thermal insulation layer, the outer thermal insulation layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are bonded through epoxy resin glue; the foaming agent is prepared by mixing azodicarbonamide and sodium bicarbonate according to a mass ratio of 1:5.
7. The heat-insulating building wallboard according to claim 1, wherein the thicknesses of the inner energy-absorbing buffer layer, the inner heat-insulating layer, the outer heat-insulating layer and the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer are 8-15 mm, 10-20 mm and 6-12 mm respectively.
8. A method for manufacturing a heat-insulating building wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Mixing the layered materials: according to the components of the internal absorption buffer layer, the internal thermal insulation layer, the external thermal insulation layer and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer, heating and stirring for 30min at 120-130 ℃ by a high-speed mixer, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃ and stirring for 10min to respectively obtain an internal absorption buffer layer mixture, an internal thermal insulation layer mixture, an external thermal insulation layer mixture and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture;
b) Extruding and pressing: respectively adding the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer mixture into a plate extruder, extruding at 150-170 ℃ to obtain an internal energy absorption buffer layer semi-finished product, an internal heat insulation layer semi-finished product, an external heat insulation layer semi-finished product and an external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product, and pressing the internal energy absorption buffer layer mixture, the internal heat insulation layer mixture, the external heat insulation layer mixture and the external fireproof flame-retardant layer semi-finished product with epoxy resin glue at the pressure of 8-12 MPa to obtain a building wallboard semi-finished product;
c) Cooling and shaping: carrying out vacuum cooling and shaping on the building wallboard semi-finished product to obtain a building wallboard crude product;
d) Cutting, slotting and film pasting: and cutting the building wallboard crude product to a specified size, drilling holes at equal intervals in the inner energy-absorbing buffer layer to form a plurality of sound insulation grooves, and adhering a release film on the outer surface of the outer fireproof flame-retardant layer to obtain a building wallboard finished product.
CN202211531254.7A 2022-12-01 2022-12-01 Heat-preserving and heat-insulating building wallboard and manufacturing method thereof Withdrawn CN115923282A (en)

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