CN109053126B - High-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for building - Google Patents

High-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for building Download PDF

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CN109053126B
CN109053126B CN201811003107.6A CN201811003107A CN109053126B CN 109053126 B CN109053126 B CN 109053126B CN 201811003107 A CN201811003107 A CN 201811003107A CN 109053126 B CN109053126 B CN 109053126B
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sound insulation
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epoxy resin
heat radiation
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CN109053126A (en
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徐耀东
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Shenzhen Zhiben building energy saving materials Co.,Ltd.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
    • C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B20/1048—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings, and relates to the technical field of building materials. This epoxy building materials adopts from outside to inside hot briquetting's anti heat radiation layer, puigging, basic unit's structure, three layer construction all adopts bisphenol A type epoxy as the adhesive, through adding carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedding silica aerogel microballon in the puigging, can controlled release silica aerogel composition, the thermal radiation is obstructed effectively, keep lower coefficient of heat conductivity, simultaneously give sound insulation, mechanical properties is good, can strengthen anti heat radiation performance through silica aerogel miropowder in the anti heat radiation layer, the noise of different frequencies is absorbed to multiple filler. The epoxy resin building material has remarkable heat-resistant flame-retardant and sound-insulating effects, and can be used in the high-temperature environment of 150-300 ℃.

Description

High-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for building
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings.
Background
The epoxy board is also called an insulating board, an epoxy board, a 3240 epoxy board. The epoxy resin molecule is an organic macromolecular compound containing two or more than two epoxy groups, and the epoxy groups can be positioned at the tail end, in the middle or in a ring structure of a molecular chain. The epoxy group has high reactivity, can generate cross-linking reaction with different types of curing agents to form insoluble and infusible high polymer with a three-dimensional network structure, and has the characteristics of convenient curing, strong adhesive force, low contractibility and excellent mechanical property.
The building material having the sound insulation effect is classified into building sound insulation and structure sound insulation, and sound of all frequencies is not blocked, and when the sound approaches the object resonance frequency, the sound insulation effect is remarkably reduced. The existing sound insulation board is mostly made of organic and inorganic fibers, sponge, foaming boards and the like, has the defects of poor waterproof, fireproof, anti-aging and impact resistance, is poor in sound insulation effect, cannot block noise with lower frequency, and is poor in use effect. The patent of application No. 201510950222.4 discloses a light heat-insulating sound-insulating board, which comprises a base layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer is arranged above the base layer, glass fiber cloth is arranged above the surface layer, glass fiber cloth and non-woven fabric are sequentially arranged below the base layer, and the base layer comprises light-burned magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride brine, sawn timber, modified liquid water glass, fly ash and expanded perlite; surface layer light-burned magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride halogen liquid and talcum powder. The sound insulation board has good heat preservation, sound insulation and waterproof performance and no radioactive elements.
However, the inventors have found that the above-mentioned soundproof panel is inferior in mechanical properties, and that heat radiation is a main route of heat transfer at a temperature higher than 150 ℃, and that infrared radiation energy generated from a heating element directly penetrates the soundproof panel to significantly lower the heat insulation performance thereof at a temperature higher than 150 ℃. Therefore, the invention takes the epoxy resin as the viscose component, improves the mechanical property and the heat radiation resistance of the building material by adding other additives or fillers with the functions of sound absorption and heat radiation resistance, and enlarges the application range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings, which adopts a structure comprising a heat radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are formed by hot pressing from outside to inside, wherein bisphenol A type epoxy resin is adopted as an adhesive in the three-layer structure, and carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres are added into the sound insulation layer, so that the silica aerogel components can be controlled and released, the heat radiation can be effectively blocked, the lower heat conductivity coefficient is kept, meanwhile, the sound insulation and mechanical properties are excellent, the heat radiation resistance can be enhanced through silica aerogel micropowder in the heat radiation resistant layer, and various fillers absorb noises with different frequencies, so that the sound insulation epoxy resin building material has an obvious sound insulation effect and can be used in a high-temperature environment of 150-300.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings, which comprises a heat radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are sequentially hot-pressed from outside to inside; the thickness of the heat radiation resistant layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm;
the sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-5 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.2-0.6 part of antimony trioxide, 60-85 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 25-40 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 5-13 parts of fly ash and 2.6-9 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres; wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50 percent; the preparation method of the sound insulation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: sequentially feeding nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle through a pipeline purger, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 0.8MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 55 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.2% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding hydrated zinc borate and carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 40 ℃, and stirring for 30min at 400 r/min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 200r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press, carrying out hot pressing at 200 ℃ and 10MPa for 5min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 60 ℃.
When the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for the building is researched, the poor mechanical property and heat radiation resistance of the traditional sound insulation material are considered, and the epoxy resin has good mechanical property and adhesion. Therefore, in order to obtain an epoxy resin building material with high sound insulation and excellent heat radiation resistance, the inventor selects bisphenol A epoxy resin with low viscosity and low molecular weight as an adhesive, and compounds the adhesive with various fillers and additives to form a heat radiation resistance layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer.
In the sound insulation layer, light filler nanometer magnesium chloride with excellent heat resistance and flame retardance is selected to be mixed with hydrated magnesium chloride hexahydrate and fly ash. Because magnesium chloride easily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide in the air to harden, the nano-scale magnesium chloride, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate containing crystal water and the fly ash are mixed and stirred under the protection of high pressure of nitrogen to regularly gelatinize and harden to form compact mixed jelly, and the jelly has good adhesion, heat resistance and flame resistance. And then heating and mixing the filler mixture and the inorganic additive flame retardant hydrated zinc borate and the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres in stages, so that the hydrated zinc borate and the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres can be regularly infiltrated into the jelly to form a reticular cross-linked macromolecular structure, and the hot press molding of the mixture is promoted. The fillers such as nano-scale magnesium oxide, fly ash and the like are light in weight, flame retardant, small in particle size, loose and porous, and good in compatibility, and can absorb and block sounds with different frequencies by depending on the internal pore structure, so that the sound insulation performance is improved. The carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres can encapsulate silica aerogel in natural materials by using microencapsulation technology, so that the silica aerogel has slow release property and stability. The sound insulation layer can keep good mechanical property and sound insulation property, can keep low heat conductivity coefficient and keeps warm and heat insulation in a high-temperature environment.
As a further scheme of the invention, the heat radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 1-3 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.2-0.8 part of dimethyl fumarate, 0.5-2.5 parts of antimony trioxide, 40-65 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 15-26 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 1-3 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 3-6 parts of fly ash; wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%; the preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: conveying the nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, silica aerogel micro powder and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle sequentially through a pipeline blower, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 1.2MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.5% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding dimethyl fumarate and antimony trioxide into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 45 deg.C, and stirring at 600r/min for 20 min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 400r/min for 30 min; heating to 80 ℃, slowly adding maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and stirring at 100r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press while the mixed plate is hot, carrying out hot pressing at 180 ℃ and 8MPa for 10min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 80 ℃.
The difference between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer is that maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer is selected as a dispersion stabilizer, dimethyl fumarate is selected as a high-efficiency broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, antimony trioxide is selected as a halogen-free flame retardant, and silica aerogel micro powder is added into a filler. In the preparation process, because magnesium chloride easily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide in the air to be hardened, the magnesium chloride is mixed and stirred under the protection of high pressure of nitrogen, and the nano-scale magnesium chloride, the crystal water-containing magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the silicon dioxide aerogel micropowder and the fly ash are subjected to regular gelation hardening to form a compact mixed jelly which has good adhesion and heat-resistant flame retardance; then adding the antibacterial agent dimethyl fumarate and the flame retardant antimony trioxide into the filler mixture, and regularly permeating the micromolecule structures of the antibacterial agent and the flame retardant into the jelly by temperature-controlled stirring to form a reticular cross-linked macromolecule structure so as to promote the hot-press molding of the mixture. In the heat radiation resistant layer, various fillers are light, flame-retardant and antibacterial, so that the heat-resistant flame-retardant performance and the antibacterial performance can be greatly improved, meanwhile, the silica aerogel micro powder can efficiently absorb infrared radiation generated by a heating body, the conduction of heat in the heat radiation resistant layer is prevented, the heat insulation is realized under the condition of not reducing the heat conductivity coefficient, and a large amount of heat is prevented from diffusing to a sound insulation layer and a base layer.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a wall material solution: weighing 5g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 12g of sodium alginate, heating to 60 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving in 25mL of distilled water, adding 0.65g of calcium chloride, and ultrasonically homogenizing for 5min to obtain a transparent wall material solution;
(2) mixing and drying: and (3) completely dissolving 1.58g of silicon dioxide aerogel powder by using a 95% ethanol solution, pouring the solution into an injector, slowly injecting the solution into the wall material solution, sealing and standing the solution for 12 hours, and drying the solution at 75 ℃ until no residual solution exists on the surface to obtain a finished microsphere product.
According to the preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres, disclosed by the invention, through a large number of screening and experiments, natural polymer materials of chitosan and sodium alginate are adopted as wall materials, an electrostatic effect is generated under the stirring condition of distilled water, a complex space network structure is formed, and the silicon dioxide aerogel powder as an anti-thermal radiation active substance is packaged in the space network structure, so that a slow release effect is achieved. Wherein the sodium alginate is natural anionic polysaccharide compound, and is mixed with polyvalent cation Ca in calcium chloride2+The hydrogel microspheres are crosslinked to form a network structure, generate hydrogel microspheres with good compatibility and ion sensitivity, and are attracted by positive and negative charges of carboxymethyl chitosan to form a polyelectrolyte membrane, so that the controlled release effect and stability of the silicon dioxide aerogel powder are improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the content of zinc oxide in the hydrated zinc borate is 36-40%, the content of boron oxide is 45-49%, and the ignition weight loss is 13-15.5%.
As a further scheme of the invention, the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
In the screening of the base material, the mechanical property and the adhesion are still required to be improved in consideration of the fact that the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer block a large amount of heat and sound. The polyurethane macromolecule main chain contains strong polar carbamate, has high reaction activity, can react with an epoxy group in bisphenol A type epoxy resin to generate an insoluble and infusible three-dimensional network structure high polymer, has better strength and adhesiveness, and can ensure the mechanical property and the adhesive property of a base layer by matching with various fillers, namely limestone powder, nano zinc oxide, straw powder and lubricating plasticizer calcium stearate.
As a further scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the high sound insulation epoxy resin building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
In the preparation method of the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material, the traditional building material only has one layer of structure, and can be used after hot press molding. The building material is prepared by firstly placing the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a cool and dry place for maintenance, enabling the internal structures of the layers to be stable and compatible, then using the polyurethane adhesive for bonding and hot-pressing compounding, ensuring the close compounding of the layers, hot-pressing and forming at high temperature, and ensuring the high elasticity, the bending resistance and the bending resistance of the building material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for the building adopts a structure of a heat radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are formed by hot pressing from outside to inside, bisphenol A type epoxy resin is adopted as an adhesive in the three-layer structure, carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres are added into the sound insulation layer, the components of the silica aerogel can be controlled and released, the heat radiation is effectively blocked, the lower heat conductivity coefficient is effectively kept, meanwhile, the sound insulation and the mechanical property are excellent, the heat radiation resistant performance can be enhanced through silica aerogel micropowder in the heat radiation resistant layer, and various fillers absorb noises with different frequencies, so that the sound insulation effect of the epoxy resin building material is remarkable, and the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material can be used in a.
2. In the sound insulation layer, the nanometer magnesium chloride, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate containing crystal water and the fly ash are subjected to regular gel hardening to form a compact mixed jelly, so that the sound insulation layer has good adhesion, heat resistance and flame retardance; then heating and mixing the filler mixture with inorganic additive flame retardant hydrated zinc borate and carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres in stages to form a reticular cross-linked macromolecular structure and promote the hot-press molding of the mixture; the fillers such as nano-scale magnesium oxide, fly ash and the like are light in weight, flame retardant, small in particle size, loose and porous, and good in compatibility, and can absorb and block sounds with different frequencies by depending on the internal pore structure, so that the sound insulation performance is improved. The sound insulation layer can keep good mechanical property and sound insulation property, can keep low heat conductivity coefficient and keeps warm and heat insulation in a high-temperature environment.
3. In the anti-heat radiation layer, under the high-pressure protection of nitrogen, mixing and stirring are carried out, and the nano-scale magnesium chloride, the crystal water-containing magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the silicon dioxide aerogel micro-powder and the fly ash are subjected to regular gelation hardening to form a compact mixed jelly which has good adhesion, heat resistance and flame resistance; then adding the antibacterial agent dimethyl fumarate and the flame retardant antimony trioxide into the filler mixture, and regularly permeating the micromolecule structures of the antibacterial agent and the flame retardant into the jelly by temperature-controlled stirring to form a reticular cross-linked macromolecule structure so as to promote the hot-press molding of the mixture; the silica aerogel micro powder can efficiently absorb infrared radiation generated by the heating body, prevent heat from being conducted on the heat radiation resistant layer, insulate heat by heat preservation under the condition of not reducing the heat conductivity coefficient, and prevent a large amount of heat from diffusing to the sound insulation layer and the base layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings comprises a thermal radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are sequentially hot-pressed from outside to inside. The thickness of the anti-heat radiation layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm.
The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 4 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.3 part of antimony trioxide, 78 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 33 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 10 parts of fly ash and 5.5 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres. Wherein, the content of zinc oxide in the hydrated zinc borate is 36-40%, the content of boron oxide is 45-49%, and the ignition weight loss is 13-15.5%. SiO in fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50%. The preparation method of the sound insulation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: sequentially feeding nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle through a pipeline purger, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 0.8MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 55 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.2% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding hydrated zinc borate and carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 40 ℃, and stirring for 30min at 400 r/min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 200r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press, carrying out hot pressing at 200 ℃ and 10MPa for 5min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 60 ℃.
The preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silicon dioxide aerogel microspheres comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a wall material solution: weighing 5g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 12g of sodium alginate, heating to 60 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving in 25mL of distilled water, adding 0.65g of calcium chloride, and ultrasonically homogenizing for 5min to obtain a transparent wall material solution;
(2) mixing and drying: and (3) completely dissolving 1.58g of silicon dioxide aerogel powder by using a 95% ethanol solution, pouring the solution into an injector, slowly injecting the solution into the wall material solution, sealing and standing the solution for 12 hours, and drying the solution at 75 ℃ until no residual solution exists on the surface to obtain a finished microsphere product.
The heat radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 1.6 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.5 part of dimethyl fumarate, 1.6 parts of antimony trioxide, 60 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 22 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 2 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 5 parts of fly ash. Wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%. The preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: conveying the nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, silica aerogel micro powder and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle sequentially through a pipeline blower, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 1.2MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.5% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding dimethyl fumarate and antimony trioxide into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 45 deg.C, and stirring at 600r/min for 20 min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 400r/min for 30 min; heating to 80 ℃, slowly adding maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and stirring at 100r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press while the mixed plate is hot, carrying out hot pressing at 180 ℃ and 8MPa for 10min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 80 ℃.
The base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
The preparation method of the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
A high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings comprises a thermal radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are sequentially hot-pressed from outside to inside. The thickness of the anti-heat radiation layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm.
The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 5 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.6 part of antimony trioxide, 76 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 27 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 8 parts of fly ash and 6.5 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres. Wherein, the content of zinc oxide in the hydrated zinc borate is 36-40%, the content of boron oxide is 45-49%, and the ignition weight loss is 13-15.5%. SiO in fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50%. The preparation method of the soundproof layer was the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres is the same as that in example 1.
The heat radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 3 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.7 part of dimethyl fumarate, 1.8 parts of antimony trioxide, 62 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 20 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 3 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 6 parts of fly ash. Wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%. The preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer was the same as that of example 1。
The base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
The preparation method of the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
A high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings comprises a thermal radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are sequentially hot-pressed from outside to inside. The thickness of the anti-heat radiation layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm.
The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 4 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.5 part of antimony trioxide, 82 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 32 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 12 parts of fly ash and 7.6 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres. Wherein, the content of zinc oxide in the hydrated zinc borate is 36-40%, the content of boron oxide is 45-49%, and the ignition weight loss is 13-15.5%. SiO in fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50%. The preparation method of the soundproof layer was the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres is the same as that in example 1.
The heat radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 3 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer,0.7 part of dimethyl fumarate, 0.9 part of antimony trioxide, 63 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 22 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 3 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 5 parts of fly ash. Wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%. The preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer was the same as in example 1.
The base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
The preparation method of the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
A high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings comprises a thermal radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are sequentially hot-pressed from outside to inside. The thickness of the anti-heat radiation layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm.
The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 4 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.25 part of antimony trioxide, 82 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 36 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 12 parts of fly ash and 8 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres. Wherein, the content of zinc oxide in the hydrated zinc borate is 36-40%, the content of boron oxide is 45-49%, and the ignition weight loss is 13-15.5%. SiO in fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50%. Preparation of the soundproof layerThe preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres is the same as that in example 1.
The heat radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 3 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.7 part of dimethyl fumarate, 2.3 parts of antimony trioxide, 62 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 18 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 3 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 6 parts of fly ash. Wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%; the preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer was the same as in example 1.
The base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
The preparation method of the high-sound-insulation epoxy resin building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that no carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres were added to the sound-insulating layer.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example is different from example 1 in that silica aerogel fine powder is not added to the heat radiation layer.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that bisphenol a type epoxy resin was not added to the base layer.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example refers to acoustical panel made in example 1 of the patent application No. 201510950222.4, having a base layer composition of: 20 parts of light-burned magnesium oxide, 45 parts of magnesium chloride brine, 12 parts of sawn timber, 2 parts of modified liquid water glass, 5 parts of fly ash and 3 parts of expanded perlite; surface layer components: 18 parts of light-burned magnesium oxide, 60 parts of magnesium chloride brine and 10 parts of talcum powder; the baume degree of the magnesium chloride brine is 22 °. The preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a surface layer: after a release agent is coated on the template, adding surface layer bottom slurry, laying a layer of glass fiber cloth, scraping slurry, pouring surface layer slurry, and pressing by a roller;
(2) preparing a base layer: pouring base layer slurry on the surface layer, then laying a layer of glass fiber cloth and a layer of non-woven fabric in sequence, and pressing by a roller;
(3) curing and demolding: and (3) performing primary curing on the material pressed in the step (2), demolding, performing secondary curing, cutting and edging.
Performance testing
The epoxy resin sheets or acoustical panels prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested for flexural strength, compressive strength, fire resistance temperature, thermal conductivity at 150 ℃, 200 ℃, and maximum acoustical insulation coefficient, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of the Performance test of examples and comparative examples
Figure BDA0001783421820000141
Figure BDA0001783421820000151
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the comparative example, the epoxy resin building material prepared in the embodiment of the invention has excellent mechanical properties such as bending strength and compressive strength, good fire resistance and flame retardance, and can still maintain a low thermal conductivity coefficient in a high-temperature environment, and the thermal conductivity coefficient does not change greatly along with the temperature rise, which shows that the thermal insulation and heat preservation effect is good, the maximum sound insulation coefficient is high, and the high-decibel noise can be absorbed. Comparative example 1 because the soundproof layer lacks carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres, the soundproof and anti-thermal radiation silica aerogel component cannot be slowly released, resulting in high thermal conductivity, large change with temperature rise, and reduced heat resistance and soundproof effects. In the comparative example 2, the heat radiation layer is lack of the silica aerogel micropowder, so that the heat radiation resistance is greatly reduced, the heat conductivity coefficient is high, the temperature is greatly increased, and the heat-resistant flame-retardant effect is obviously reduced. In the comparative example 3, the bisphenol A type epoxy resin is not added to the base layer, so that the bonding strength and the mechanical property are reduced, and the mechanical property of the epoxy resin building material is obviously reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A high sound insulation epoxy resin building material for buildings is characterized by comprising a heat radiation resistant layer, a sound insulation layer and a base layer which are formed by hot press molding from outside to inside in sequence; the thickness of the heat radiation resistant layer is 0.8-1.1cm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 0.6-0.8cm, and the thickness of the base layer is 1.5-2.2 cm;
the sound insulation layerThe feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-12 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-5 parts of hydrated zinc borate, 0.2-0.6 part of antimony trioxide, 60-85 parts of nano-scale magnesium oxide, 25-40 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 5-13 parts of fly ash and 2.6-9 parts of carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres; wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 50 percent; the preparation method of the sound insulation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: sequentially feeding nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle through a pipeline purger, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 0.8MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 55 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.2% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding hydrated zinc borate and carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 40 ℃, and stirring for 30min at 400 r/min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 200r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press, carrying out hot pressing at 200 ℃ and 10MPa for 5min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 60 ℃.
2. The building material of claim 1, wherein the thermal radiation resistant layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 1-3 parts of maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.2-0.8 part of dimethyl fumarate, 0.5-2.5 parts of antimony trioxide, 40-65 parts of nano magnesium oxide, 15-26 parts of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 1-3 parts of silica aerogel micro powder and 3-6 parts of fly ash; wherein SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3、Fe2O3The content of the three oxides is not less than 65%; the preparation method of the anti-heat radiation layer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying fillers: conveying the nanoscale magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, silica aerogel micro powder and fly ash into a high-pressure kettle sequentially through a pipeline blower, introducing nitrogen until the pressure in the kettle is 1.2MPa, mechanically stirring for 30min, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into a sterile drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.5% to obtain a filler mixture;
(2) mixing and stirring: adding dimethyl fumarate and antimony trioxide into the filler mixture in sequence, heating to 45 deg.C, and stirring at 600r/min for 20 min; heating to 65 ℃, slowly adding bisphenol A type epoxy resin, and stirring at 400r/min for 30 min; heating to 80 ℃, slowly adding maleic anhydride-vinyl acetate copolymer, and stirring at 100r/min for 40min to obtain a mixed plate;
(3) hot-press molding: and (3) introducing the mixed plate into a side plate type hot press while the mixed plate is hot, carrying out hot pressing at 180 ℃ and 8MPa for 10min, and demoulding and forming after cooling to 80 ℃.
3. The high soundproof epoxy resin building material for building of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate embedded silica aerogel microspheres comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a wall material solution: weighing 5g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 12g of sodium alginate, heating to 60 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving in 25mL of distilled water, adding 0.65g of calcium chloride, and ultrasonically homogenizing for 5min to obtain a transparent wall material solution;
(2) mixing and drying: and (3) completely dissolving 1.58g of silicon dioxide aerogel powder by using a 95% ethanol solution, pouring the solution into an injector, slowly injecting the solution into the wall material solution, sealing and standing the solution for 12 hours, and drying the solution at 75 ℃ until no residual solution exists on the surface to obtain a finished microsphere product.
4. The building material of claim 1, wherein the hydrated zinc borate contains zinc oxide 36-40%, boron oxide 45-49%, and weight loss on ignition 13-15.5%.
5. The building material of claim 1, wherein the base layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 62 parts of polyurethane, 15 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 13 parts of limestone powder, 10 parts of nano zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcium stearate and 22 parts of straw powder.
6. The building material of claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the building material comprises the following steps:
(1) curing and preheating: placing the anti-heat radiation layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer in a shady and dry place with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and the humidity of 20-40% RH, maintaining for 24h, and heating to 100 ℃ for later use;
(2) gluing and hot-press forming: uniformly coating polyurethane adhesive between the heat radiation resistant layer and the sound insulation layer, uniformly coating the polyurethane adhesive between the sound insulation layer and the base layer, feeding the heat radiation resistant layer, the sound insulation layer and the base layer into a hot press from outside to inside, hot-pressing at 160 ℃ and 12MPa for molding, and cooling to room temperature.
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