CN115922244A - Aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion, which comprises the following steps: firstly, grinding and polishing, oil and rust removal and sand blasting treatment are carried out on the surface of a steel substrate; secondly, forming a high-entropy alloy coating on the surface of the processed steel substrate by using the high-entropy alloy composite powder in a plasma cladding mode; thirdly, cooling the product along with the furnace to obtain the composite material resisting the corrosion of the aluminum liquid; and finally, winding the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material into a pipe, and tightly connecting the seams of the pipe by adopting an MIG welding mode to obtain the aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion. The invention also provides the aluminum absorption pipe prepared by the manufacturing method and a ladle provided with the aluminum absorption pipe. The aluminum suction pipe has excellent aluminum liquid corrosion resistance, longer service life and lower rejection rate, and has important significance for improving the quality of aluminum liquid, reducing the disassembly and cleaning efficiency of the aluminum suction pipe, reducing the labor intensity, realizing energy conservation and emission reduction and ensuring the safety production of electrolysis series.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion and a manufacturing method thereof, and also relates to a ladle comprising the aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion.
Background
The ladle is important equipment in the production process of electrolytic aluminum and mainly plays a role in sucking and transferring high-temperature aluminum liquid from an electrolytic bath. The aluminum suction pipe is an indispensable important structure of various ladles (including open ladles and vacuum ladles), and generally comprises three sections, namely a bent pipe (a spherical pipe and an A pipe) which is connected with a ladle body at the uppermost part, a U-shaped straight pipe (a C pipe) into which aluminum liquid is inserted during aluminum suction, and a straight pipe (a B pipe) with flanges at two ends. The currently used aluminum suction pipe is basically formed by integral casting, the cost is high, and the requirement on materials is high.
When the aluminum liquid sucking device works, the pipe C of the aluminum sucking pipe is inserted into aluminum liquid in an electrolytic aluminum tank, and aluminum liquid is sucked into a ladle along the pipe B and the pipe A by utilizing the siphon principle. Because the temperature of the aluminum liquid is up to 660-950 ℃, and electrolyte fluoride exists. The aluminum absorption pipe can be continuously washed and corroded by high-temperature aluminum liquid in the working process, so that the pipe wall is easily thinned and even perforated, 20-30 packages of aluminum discharged from the aluminum absorption pipe can be scrapped, the service life is short, the consumed materials are large, the replacement frequency is high, the production efficiency of the electrolytic cell is reduced, and the aluminum discharging cost is increased.
Based on the above background, researchers are always exploring new methods for preparing aluminum suction tubes; however, these methods also have many disadvantages. For example: the patent with publication number CN 104894465A discloses a high-chromium cast iron aluminum absorption pipe and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-chromium cast iron aluminum absorption pipe is prepared through the process flows of smelting, modification, sedation, heat treatment and the like, and compared with the existing aluminum absorption pipe, the high-temperature stability of the high-chromium cast iron aluminum absorption pipe is improved to a certain extent, but the method has the advantages of complex process, low production efficiency and insufficient economic benefit.
The patent with publication number CN2821346 discloses a high-strength composite aluminum suction pipe, which adopts a structure that an outer layer is a metal sleeve and an inner layer is graphite fiber, so as to solve the problem that the inner wall of a pipeline is hung and blocked by electrolytic aluminum and filter residues in the using process, and the pipeline cannot be continuously used. However, the aluminum suction pipe has the problems of complex process flow and high production cost, and meanwhile, the connection strength of the outer layer metal sleeve and the inner layer graphite is difficult to meet, and the outer layer metal pipe still cannot prevent electric shock loss.
Based on the above, the aluminum absorption pipe with excellent aluminum liquid corrosion resistance is provided, the connection strength between the composite material and the substrate is improved, the composite material has longer service life and lower rejection rate, the manufacturing and using cost of the aluminum absorption pipe in the electrolytic aluminum production industry is further improved, energy conservation, emission reduction and safe production are realized, and the technical problem to be solved is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an aluminum suction pipe which has good corrosion resistance and high connection strength between a coating material and a matrix and is resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion.
The invention also aims to provide the aluminum suction pipe which has good corrosion resistance and high connection strength between the coating material and the matrix and is resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion.
The invention further aims to provide the ladle with long service life, low rejection rate and reduced replacement frequency of the aluminum absorption pipe.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing one of the purposes is as follows: the method for manufacturing the aluminum absorption pipe resisting aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding and polishing, oil and rust removal and sand blasting treatment are carried out on the surface of a steel base body to obtain a treated steel base body;
s2, forming a high-entropy alloy coating on the surface of the processed steel substrate by using the high-entropy alloy composite powder in a plasma cladding mode; the high-entropy alloy composite powder comprises alloy powder and ceramic phase powder, wherein the alloy powder is selected from FeCrCoMnNi alloy and/or FeCuCoMnNi alloy, and the ceramic phase powder is selected from ZrC powder, WC powder or MoC powder or a combination of more of the ZrC powder, the WC powder and the MoC powder;
s3, cooling the product obtained in the step S2 along with a furnace to obtain the composite material resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion;
and S4, forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil into a pipe with the diameter of 130-150 mm, and tightly connecting the seams of the pipe by adopting an MIG (metal inert gas) welding mode to obtain the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant aluminum absorbing pipe.
In the manufacturing method, firstly, the steel substrate is fully pretreated to improve the bonding property between the high-entropy alloy coating and the steel substrate; secondly, selecting high-entropy alloy composite powder which has good bonding performance with a steel substrate and aluminum liquid corrosion resistance as a raw material by using a plasma cladding mode, and forming a high-entropy alloy coating with a certain thickness on the surface of the steel substrate so as to further improve the aluminum liquid corrosion resistance of the surface of the steel substrate; thirdly, through furnace cooling, the residual thermal stress in the melting process is eliminated, the cracking of the coating is effectively prevented, and the composite material with good bonding performance and high connection strength is prepared; and finally, tightly connecting the joints of the coiled pipes by adopting an MIG welding mode to prepare the aluminum suction pipe with excellent aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
In the invention, the selection of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is a necessary condition for ensuring the formation of good and stable bonding performance between the coating and the steel substrate and ensuring that the prepared aluminum suction pipe has good aluminum liquid corrosion resistance. Through a great deal of research, when the alloy powder is selected from FeCrCoMnNi series alloy and/or FeCuCoMnNi alloy and is matched with ceramic phase powder formed by ZrC powder, WC powder or MoC powder, the high-entropy coating formed by plasma cladding has the best bonding performance with a steel matrix, and the high-quality aluminum-absorbing pipe can be ensured to be prepared.
Preferably, the alloy powder is selected from FeCrCoMnNi series alloy, the ceramic phase powder is selected from ZrC powder, and the composite material prepared by the raw materials has good obdurability matching and excellent impact resistance. In addition, after ZrC ceramic powder is added, the resistance is reduced, and the electric shock resistance of the aluminum absorption pipe in the electrolytic bath can be improved. Thereby better avoiding the abrasion of the aluminum absorption pipe caused by scouring and the damage caused by electric shock in the electrolytic aluminum preparation process.
Preferably, the high-entropy alloy powder is stored in a box-type heat preservation furnace at a constant temperature of 70-120 ℃ before use. The operation can dry the high-entropy alloy powder, and defects such as air holes in the coating are avoided.
Further, in the step S1, the thickness of the steel substrate is 10 to 15mm, and the steel substrate is selected from Q235 steel or 304 stainless steel. Preferably, the steel base body is Q235 steel, on one hand, the Q235 steel is low in cost, and on the other hand, the Q235 steel is less in alloy elements and good in welding performance after being rolled. Optionally, in the step S1, the roughness of the surface of the steel substrate is increased by sand blasting.
Further, in the step S2, the high-entropy alloy powder is spherical, the particle size of the high-entropy alloy powder is 100-200 meshes, and the plasma fusion process is stable and reliable.
Further, the thickness of the high-entropy alloy coating is 2-4 mm. Under the condition of the thickness, a layer of metal is deposited by an optimized process. The wall thickness of the whole aluminum suction pipe can be controlled within 12-25 mm, and the aluminum suction pipe has good matching performance with other existing equipment.
Furthermore, in the plasma fusion, the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 70-80 ℃, the fusion current is 160-180A, the powder feeding flow is 3.5-6.5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 40-60 g/min, and the fusion speed is 300-400 mm/min. Preferably, the plasma welding is performed in a double-sided welding mode, that is, the corresponding high-entropy alloy coating is formed on the two side surfaces of the steel substrate in the plasma welding mode.
In the invention, the plasma melting mode is selected for preparing the high-entropy coating, because the plasma melting technology can ensure the compactness of the high-entropy alloy coating and increase the bonding strength of the steel substrate and the high-entropy alloy coating; the aluminum absorption pipe prepared by the invention has good aluminum liquid corrosion resistance, thermal stability, impact resistance and abrasion ratio by optimizing and adjusting process parameters in the plasma deposition process.
Further, in the step S3, the initial temperature of the furnace cooling is 400-500 ℃, and the cooling speed is 30-50 ℃/h. Under the cooling condition, the residual thermal stress in the deposition process can be effectively eliminated, the condition that the coating is cracked is prevented, and the guarantee is provided for preparing the composite material with good bonding performance and high connection strength.
Further, in the step S4, the diameter of the pipe is 130-150 mm; the welding atmosphere of the MIG welding is argon, the welding wire of the MIG welding is selected from ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm or 1.6mm, and the welding speed is 200-300 mm/min. The MIG welding has the advantages that the welding quality and the production efficiency are high, ER309L is selected as a welding wire, the wire feeding is smooth, the electric arc is stable, the forming is attractive, and the splashing is little; the deposited metal contains a proper amount of ferrite and has good crack resistance. Because of the high content of the alloy, the high temperature resistance is good; low carbon content and excellent corrosion resistance. Most importantly, the welding wire can be used for welding Q235 carbon steel and high-entropy alloy, so that the welding material is prevented from being replaced in the process of welding a substrate and coating.
The invention realizes the third technical scheme that the purpose is realized by: an aluminum suction pipe is provided, which is made of the composite material resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion according to one of the objects of the present invention. In the present invention, in addition to the manner of manufacturing the coil, when the aluminum suction pipe of a smaller size is prepared, the processing may be performed in a manner of punching.
Furthermore, the inner side and the outer side of the pipe C part of the aluminum absorption pipe are both provided with high-entropy alloy coatings.
Preferably, before the MIG welding, the joints on two sides of the pipe are respectively subjected to laser cleaning, so that oil stains and oxide layers on the surface are removed, and the surface roughness of the pipe is increased.
Preferably, during welding of the MIG welding, a weld formed by welding is knocked. In the MIG welding process, the welding seam is knocked by a tool (such as a small hammer) so as to eliminate the residual thermal stress of the welding seam and effectively avoid cracking at the welding seam.
The invention realizes the third technical scheme that the purpose is realized by: there is provided a two-man ladle comprising the aluminum absorption pipe as recited in the second aspect of the invention.
When the two-man ladle is applied to the electrolytic aluminum production process, the C pipe of the two-man ladle aluminum suction pipe is inserted into high-temperature aluminum liquid to suck the aluminum liquid. Because the high-entropy alloy coatings are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the C pipe of the aluminum suction pipe, the aluminum suction pipe can be effectively prevented from being corroded by high-temperature aluminum liquid, and the service life of the aluminum suction pipe is further prolonged; meanwhile, the high-entropy alloy coating and the steel substrate are high in connection strength and not prone to falling and damage, the high-entropy alloy coating rich in ceramic is not prone to electric shock damage, material consumption can be reduced, replacement frequency can be reduced, production efficiency of the electrolytic cell can be improved comprehensively, and aluminum production cost can be reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum-liquid-corrosion-resistant aluminum absorption pipe, which comprises the step of forming a high-entropy alloy coating on the surface of a steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode. The aluminum-absorbing pipe has the advantages that the coating and the steel substrate form good and stable bonding performance due to the proper high-entropy alloy composite powder, and the manufactured aluminum-absorbing pipe has good aluminum liquid corrosion resistance and electric shock resistance. The manufacturing process of plasma cladding improves the compactness of the high-entropy alloy coating, improves the bonding strength between the steel substrate and the high-entropy alloy coating, ensures that the prepared composite material has excellent aluminum liquid corrosion resistance, has good overall performance, ensures that the coating is not easy to crack or peel, prolongs the service life of the composite material under the condition of high-temperature aluminum liquid, reduces the rejection rate and avoids safety accidents.
(2) The surface of the aluminum absorption pipe provided by the invention has the high-entropy alloy coating, so that the aluminum absorption pipe has excellent aluminum liquid corrosion resistance and electric shock resistance, a longer service life and a lower rejection rate, and has important significance for improving the quality of aluminum liquid, reducing the disassembly and cleaning efficiency of the aluminum absorption pipe, reducing the labor intensity, realizing energy conservation and emission reduction and guaranteeing the safety production of an electrolysis series.
(3) Compared with the aluminum suction pipe prepared by the traditional method, the aluminum suction pipe provided by the invention can obviously reduce the content of iron in the aluminum liquid, and has important significance for improving the quality of the aluminum liquid of the electrolytic aluminum product. In addition, the aluminum absorption pipe is manufactured in a coil mode, and compared with an integral casting mode, the aluminum absorption pipe is simple in process flow, low in pollution, low in time cost and high in economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscope image of a high entropy alloy powder and a ZrC powder used in example 1 of the present invention; wherein (a) is a high-magnification SEM photograph of the high-entropy alloy powder; (b) is a low-magnification SEM photograph of the high-entropy alloy powder; (c) is a high-magnification SEM photograph of ZrC powder; (d) is a low-magnification SEM photograph of ZrC powder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plasma fusion apparatus used in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a composite material obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an EDS line scan profile near the composite weld line made in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the EDS profile scan near the composite weld line made in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the mass loss in molten aluminum of the aluminum suction pipe material prepared in example 1 of the present invention with that of a conventional aluminum suction pipe material;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a two-man ladle including an aluminum absorption pipe produced in example 1 of the present invention.
Wherein, 10-a workpiece; 11-an electrode; 12-ionic gas; 13-a ceramic tube; 141-a water inlet; 142-a water outlet; 15-powder feeding; 16-protective gas; 17-a nozzle; 18-a plasma arc; 19-a molten bath; 21-a steel substrate; 22-high entropy alloy coating; 30-an aluminum suction tube; 31 a suction aluminum pipe C; 32-an ejector; 33-a cross beam; 34-a boom; 35-manhole; 36-covering; 37-a speed reduction mechanism; 38-inclusion; 39-inner lining.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
step 1: adopting Q235 steel as a steel substrate, polishing, degreasing, derusting and sandblasting the surface of the steel substrate to obtain a treated steel substrate, and placing the treated steel substrate in a drying furnace to keep the temperature to 80 ℃;
step 2: taking FeCrCoMnNi high-entropy alloy powder with the purity higher than 99.9% and the grain size of 160 meshes as an alloy phase and ZrC powder as a ceramic phase to prepare a high-entropy alloy composite powder raw material, and placing the powder in a drying furnace to dry for 1.5 hours at the drying temperature of 100 ℃; forming a high-entropy alloy coating with the thickness of 3mm on the surface of the treated steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode; the parameters of plasma deposition were as follows: the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 80 ℃, the deposition current is 170A, the powder feeding flow is 5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 50g/min, and the deposition speed is 350mm/min.
And 3, step 3: cooling the workpiece prepared in the step 2 along with the furnace at the temperature reduction speed of 40 ℃/h at the temperature of 450 ℃ to obtain the composite material resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion;
and 4, step 4: and forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil turns into a pipe with the diameter of 140mm, adopting a MIG welding mode (argon is used as welding atmosphere, an ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is selected, and the welding speed is 200 mm/min), tightly connecting the seams of the pipe, forming metallurgical bonding, and obtaining the aluminum absorption pipe with the aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
FIG. 4 is an EDS line scan profile near the composite weld line made in example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a graph of the EDS profile scan near the composite weld line made in example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the dilution rate of the main elements of the high-entropy alloy and the Q235 steel substrate is low, because the diffusion of the substrate elements into the coating is difficult to carry out due to the delayed diffusion effect of the high-entropy alloy coating, the characteristics can effectively avoid the corrosion and the damage caused by the high-temperature Al liquid scouring in the working process of the aluminum absorption pipe.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the mass loss in molten aluminum for the aluminum suction pipe material prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the conventional aluminum suction pipe material. As can be seen from the figure, the weight loss of the aluminum suction pipe obtained in example 1 of the present invention was much lower than that of the conventional aluminum suction pipe in the same period of time.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-man ladle, which is provided with an aluminum absorption pipe manufactured in example 1 of the present invention, wherein both sides inside and outside the C pipe of the aluminum absorption pipe are provided with high entropy alloy coatings, such that corrosion of the aluminum absorption pipe by high temperature aluminum liquid can be effectively avoided, and a service life of the aluminum absorption pipe is further prolonged; meanwhile, the high-entropy alloy coating and the steel substrate are high in connection strength and not easy to fall off and damage, material consumption can be reduced, replacement frequency can be reduced, production efficiency of the electrolytic cell can be comprehensively improved, and aluminum production cost can be reduced.
Example 2
A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
step 1: adopting Q235 steel as a steel substrate, polishing, degreasing, derusting and sandblasting the surface of the steel substrate to obtain a treated steel substrate, and placing the treated steel substrate in a drying furnace to keep the temperature to 90 ℃;
step 2: taking FeCrCoMnNi high-entropy alloy powder with the purity higher than 99.9 percent and the grain diameter of 100-200 meshes as an alloy phase and WC powder as a ceramic phase to prepare a high-entropy alloy composite powder raw material, and placing the powder in a drying furnace to dry for 1 hour at the drying temperature of 120 ℃; forming a high-entropy alloy coating with the thickness of 4cm on the surface of the processed steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode; the parameters of plasma deposition were as follows: the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 75 ℃, the deposition current is 180A, the powder feeding flow is 3.5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the deposition speed is 300mm/min.
And step 3: cooling the product prepared in the step 2 along with the furnace at the temperature reduction speed of 30 ℃/h at the temperature of 400 ℃ to obtain the composite material resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion;
and 4, step 4: and forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil turns into a pipe with the diameter of 130mm, adopting a MIG welding mode (argon is used as welding atmosphere, an ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is selected, and the welding speed is 300 mm/min), tightly connecting the seams of the pipe, forming metallurgical bonding, and obtaining the aluminum absorption pipe with the aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
Example 3
A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
step 1: adopting Q235 steel as a steel substrate, polishing, degreasing, derusting and sandblasting the surface of the steel substrate to obtain a treated steel substrate, and placing the treated steel substrate in a drying furnace to keep the temperature to 80 ℃;
step 2: taking FeCrCoMnNi high-entropy alloy powder with the purity higher than 99.9 percent and the grain diameter of 100-200 meshes as an alloy phase and MoC powder as a ceramic phase to prepare a high-entropy alloy composite powder raw material, and placing the powder in a drying furnace to dry for 2 hours at the drying temperature of 70 ℃; forming a high-entropy alloy coating with the thickness of 2cm on the surface of the treated steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode; the parameters of plasma deposition were as follows: the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 70 ℃, the deposition current is 160A, the powder feeding flow is 6.5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the deposition speed is 400mm/min.
And 3, step 3: cooling the product prepared in the step 2 along with a furnace at a cooling speed of 50 ℃/h at 500 ℃ to obtain the composite material resisting aluminum liquid corrosion;
and 4, step 4: and forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil turns into a pipe with the diameter of 150mm, adopting a MIG welding mode (argon is used as welding atmosphere, an ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.6mm is selected, and the welding speed is 250 mm/min), tightly connecting the seams of the pipe, forming metallurgical bonding, and obtaining the aluminum absorption pipe with the aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
Example 4
A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
step 1: taking Q235 steel as a steel substrate, carrying out grinding and polishing, oil and rust removal and sand blasting treatment on the surface of the steel substrate to obtain a treated steel substrate, and placing the treated steel substrate in a drying furnace to keep the temperature to 90 ℃;
and 2, step: feCuCoMnNi high-entropy alloy powder with the purity higher than 99.9% and the grain diameter of 100-200 meshes is used as an alloy phase, zrC powder is used as a ceramic phase to prepare a high-entropy alloy composite powder raw material, and the powder is placed in a drying furnace to be dried for 1.5 hours at the drying temperature of 90 ℃; forming a high-entropy alloy coating with the thickness of 3cm on the surface of the treated steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode; the parameters of plasma deposition were as follows: the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 75 ℃, the deposition current is 170A, the powder feeding flow is 4.5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 55g/min, and the deposition speed is 350mm/min.
And step 3: cooling the product prepared in the step 2 along with a furnace at the cooling speed of 40 ℃/h at the temperature of 450 ℃ to obtain the composite material resisting the corrosion of the aluminum liquid;
and 4, step 4: and forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil turns into a pipe with the diameter of 150mm, adopting a MIG welding mode (argon is used as welding atmosphere, an ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm is selected, and the welding speed is 220 mm/min), tightly connecting the seams of the pipe, forming metallurgical bonding, and obtaining the aluminum absorption pipe with the aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
Example 5
A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
step 1: adopting 304 as a steel substrate, polishing, degreasing, derusting and sandblasting the surface of the steel substrate to obtain a processed steel substrate, and placing the processed steel substrate in a drying furnace to keep the temperature to 100 ℃;
step 2: taking FeCrCoMnNi high-entropy alloy powder with the purity higher than 99.9 percent and the grain diameter of 100-200 meshes as an alloy phase and ZrC powder as a ceramic phase to prepare a high-entropy alloy composite powder raw material, and placing the powder in a drying furnace to dry for 1.5 hours at the drying temperature of 100 ℃; forming a high-entropy alloy coating with the thickness of 3cm on the surface of the processed steel substrate in a plasma cladding mode; the parameters of plasma deposition were as follows: the temperature of the high-entropy alloy composite powder is 80 ℃, the deposition current is 180A, the powder feeding flow is 6.5L/min, the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the deposition speed is 400mm/min.
And step 3: cooling the product prepared in the step 2 along with the furnace at the cooling speed of 40 ℃/h at the temperature of 400 ℃ to obtain the composite material resisting the corrosion of the aluminum liquid;
and 4, step 4: and forming the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material coil turns into pipes with the diameter of 150mm, adopting a MIG (metal-inert gas) welding mode (the welding atmosphere is argon, an ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.6mm is selected, the welding speed is 280 mm/min), and tightly connecting seams of the pipes to form metallurgical bonding, thus obtaining the aluminum absorption pipe with aluminum liquid corrosion resistance.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing an aluminum absorption pipe resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding and polishing, oil and rust removal and sand blasting are carried out on the surface of a steel substrate to obtain a treated steel substrate;
s2, forming a high-entropy alloy coating on the surface of the processed steel substrate by using the high-entropy alloy composite powder in a plasma cladding mode;
the high-entropy alloy composite powder comprises alloy powder and ceramic phase powder, wherein the alloy powder is selected from FeCrCoMnNi alloy and/or FeCuCoMnNi alloy, and the ceramic phase powder is selected from ZrC powder, WC powder or MoC powder or a combination of more of the ZrC powder, the WC powder and the MoC powder;
s3, cooling the product obtained in the step S2 along with a furnace to obtain the composite material resistant to aluminum liquid corrosion;
and S4, winding the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant composite material into a pipe, and tightly connecting seams of the pipe by adopting an MIG (metal inert gas) welding mode to obtain the aluminum liquid corrosion resistant aluminum absorbing pipe.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the thickness of the steel material base is 10 to 15mm, and the steel material base is selected from Q235 steel or 304 stainless steel.
3. The production method according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the high-entropy alloy powder is spherical and has a particle size of 100 to 200 mesh.
4. A manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the high entropy alloy coating is 2-4 mm.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein in the plasma welding, a welding current is 160 to 180A, a powder feeding flow rate is 3.5 to 6.5L/min, a powder feeding rate is 40 to 60g/min, and a welding speed is 300 to 400mm/min.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein the plasma welding is performed by double-sided welding.
7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the initial temperature of the furnace cooling is 400 to 500 ℃, and the cooling rate is 30 to 50 ℃/h.
8. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the diameter of the pipe is 130 to 150mm; the welding atmosphere of the MIG welding is argon, the welding wire of the MIG welding is selected from ER309L welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm or 1.6mm, and the welding speed is 200-300 mm/min.
9. An aluminum suction pipe characterized by being produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A ladle comprising the aluminum suction pipe according to claim 9.
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