CN115913361B - Space laser communication and speed measurement method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a space laser communication and speed measurement method, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a communication receiving signal according to a communication transmitting signal, and obtaining digital sampling data based on the communication receiving signal; symbol synchronization and judgment are carried out based on the digital sampling data, and symbol sampling data are constructed; obtaining symbol Doppler shift sampling data by using the digital sampling data and the symbol sampling data; performing phase continuity check and phase jump restoration on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases; and carrying out frequency analysis on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases to obtain speed information, and completing space laser communication and speed measurement. The application adopts a unidirectional single-pass mode, can simultaneously realize space laser communication and real-time speed measurement, has simple and easy-to-realize method principle, and can be applied to speed measurement of other wireless communication systems.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of free space laser communication and laser speed measurement, and particularly relates to a space laser communication and speed measurement method.
Background
The integrated technology for spaceflight laser measurement and communication is a comprehensive technology combining laser detection, laser communication and signal processing. Besides realizing communication, the laser is used for realizing high-precision speed measurement, has very important significance for realizing autonomous navigation of satellites, precise measurement and control of spaceflight and the like, and has wide application prospect in civil and military fields.
The existing unidirectional double-pass laser Doppler speed measurement technology, such as literature 'laser Doppler speed measurement technology progress' (authors: zhang Yanyan, etc., publications: laser and infrared, futures: volume 40, 11 th period: 1157-1162) and literature 'Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Coherent Lidar With Downlink Communications Capability' (authors: zhongyang Xu, etc., publication: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, futures: volume 32, 11 th period: 655-658), uses the difference Frequency between laser echo and a reference light signal to measure the speed; the application patent relates to a laser communication detection device and a method, which are used for directly measuring the speed of laser echoes. The method is not suitable for application scenes of long-distance transmission of space laser communication. The application relates to a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator, which needs to be added with an independent reverse modulator MRR and a coherent detection optical module to realize speed measurement.
In addition, a bidirectional laser measurement technology is based, for example, the application patent 'a method for measuring the difference frequency of a distance speed clock by using a bidirectional communication transmission frame synchronization code', which needs to add measurement and control information such as a ranging code into communication information, adds a measurement frame identification information and a frame synchronization code arrival time measurement module at a receiving and transmitting end, adopts a multipath bidirectional communication mode, realizes parameter measurement such as distance, speed and the like after multiple receiving and transmitting, and has complex system structure and processing flow; the literature 'design and implementation of a laser unified measurement and control system based on an OOK system' (author: zhu Hongquan, etc., publication: university of Beijing university, promulgation: 40, 11 th period, page number: 1203-1206), is only applicable to laser ranging, speed measuring and communication of an intensity modulation/direct detection system; the application patent 'a method for measuring the speed of laser Doppler frequency shift based on bidirectional single-pass communication', which needs to simultaneously carry out Doppler frequency shift measurement on two transceiver ends, and cannot acquire speed information in real time. Therefore, it is needed to propose a space laser communication and speed measurement method, which synchronously extracts and measures the doppler shift information of the code element in the process of symbol synchronization and judgment of the receiving end.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a space laser communication and speed measurement method which adopts a one-way single-pass mode and can simultaneously realize space laser communication and real-time speed measurement; the method is simple in principle, easy to implement, applicable to speed measurement of other wireless communication systems, and worthy of wide popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a space laser communication and speed measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a communication receiving signal according to a communication transmitting signal, and obtaining digital sampling data based on the communication receiving signal;
symbol synchronization and judgment are carried out based on the digital sampling data, and symbol sampling data are constructed;
obtaining symbol Doppler shift sampling data by using the digital sampling data and the symbol sampling data;
performing phase continuity check and phase jump restoration on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases;
and carrying out frequency analysis on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases to obtain speed information, and completing space laser communication and speed measurement.
Optionally, the communication transmits a signal E t (t) is represented as follows:
wherein exp represents an exponential function based on natural logarithms, pi represents a circumference ratio, f c for the laser carrier frequency +.>Is phase modulation information;
where T is the symbol spacing, b k Representing the transmitted kth symbol, k=0, 1, …, g (t) is a shaping function, calculated as follows:
the relative movement speed of the receiving and transmitting ends is v, the distance R=vt between the receiving and transmitting ends at the moment t, and the communication receiving signal E r (t) is represented as follows,
wherein c is the speed of light.
Optionally, obtaining digital sampling data based on the communication receiving signal specifically includes:
and carrying out coherent detection and low-pass filtering on the communication receiving signal in a one-way and one-way mode to obtain a homodyne intermediate frequency signal, and carrying out A/D conversion on the homodyne intermediate frequency signal to obtain the digital sampling data.
Optionally, symbol synchronization is performed based on the digital sampling data to obtain a sampling sequence and symbol synchronization timing information, which specifically includes:
symbol synchronization is carried out on the digital sampling data by adopting an interpolation method, and the sampling sequence is obtained;
and acquiring the symbol synchronization timing information according to the time sequence relation between the sampling sequence and the digital sampling data.
Optionally, symbol decision is performed based on the sampling sequence to obtain communication data, where the symbol decision result is:
wherein ,bk B 'for transmitted symbol symbols' k Is the symbol of the received symbol.
Optionally, the method for obtaining symbol doppler shift sample data by using the digital sample data and the symbol sample data specifically includes:
and multiplying the digital sampling data with the code element symbol sampling data by a conjugate function to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data.
Optionally, the symbol doppler shift sample data is obtained, and is calculated as follows:
wherein D (mT) s ) For symbol Doppler shift sampled data, I (mT) s ) Digital sampled data, S * (mT s ) For symbol sampling data, T s Is the sampling time interval of the intermediate frequency signal a/D, m=0, 1, …,f D = -2v/Tc is doppler shift of symbol, b k B 'for transmitted symbol symbols' k Mu, for the received symbol symbols k and mk E is an exponential function based on natural logarithms, and g is a shaping function.
Optionally, performing phase continuity check and phase jump repair on the symbol doppler shift sampling data to obtain the symbol doppler shift sampling data with continuous phase, which specifically includes:
when the symbol decision is correct, the symbol Doppler shift sampling data is Doppler shift information f only containing symbol D Is not greater than + -2 pi f, the maximum phase difference between adjacent data points Dmax T s, wherein fDmax Maximum doppler shift allowable for a spatial laser communication system;
when the symbol judgment is wrong, the symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data generates a phase jump of about + -pi between adjacent data at the symbol position of the wrong judgment;
and performing phase continuity check on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data, wherein the phase difference between the adjacent data points exceeds a set threshold value, and performing phase jump restoration on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phase.
The application has the technical effects that: the application discloses a space laser communication and speed measurement method, which is characterized in that Doppler frequency shift information extraction and measurement are carried out on code element symbols at a receiving end, a unidirectional single-pass mode is adopted, space laser communication and real-time speed measurement can be simultaneously realized, the Doppler frequency shift information of the code element symbols is synchronously extracted and measured by directly utilizing symbol synchronization timing information and symbol judgment results, and independent modules such as modulation and detection are not required to be added at a receiving end, so that the system is simple in structure and easy to realize; the application is suitable for various space laser communication working systems such as coherent detection and the like, and can also be applied to speed measurement of other wireless communication systems.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
As known from the technical background, the existing space laser speed measurement technology needs to add an independent measurement system on the basis of a communication system, and designs specific measurement and control information or measurement time sequence by using a double-pass or bidirectional mode to realize speed measurement, so that the system structure and the processing flow are complex. Aiming at the problems, the application provides a method for synchronously extracting and measuring Doppler frequency shift information of a code element symbol in the process of synchronizing and judging the code element symbol at a receiving end, without adding measurement and control information, without adding separate modules such as modulation and detection at a transmitting and receiving end, and simultaneously realizing space laser communication and real-time speed measurement only by adopting a one-way single-way mode.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement, which includes the following steps:
step one: the transmitting end transmits signals to the receiving end in a one-way and one-way mode, after t time, the receiving end receives the signals to complete carrier demodulation, and the obtained intermediate frequency signals are subjected to A/D conversion to obtain digital sampling data I (mT) s )。
Communication transmission signal E t (t) is a form of formula (1)
In (1), pi represents a circumference ratio,f c for the laser carrier frequency +.>For modulating information for phase
Where T is the symbol spacing, n k Represents the kth symbol transmitted, k=0, 1. g (t) is a shaping function, here a rectangular function, i.e
Let the relative movement speed of the two ends be v, after t time, the distance R=vt between the two ends, the communication receiving signal can be written in the form of (4).
Wherein c is the speed of light, f D = -2v/Tc represents the doppler shift of the phase modulation symbol.
The communication receiving signal is subjected to coherent detection and low-pass filtering, (4) medium and laser carrier frequency f c The related terms are eliminated or suppressed to obtain homodyne intermediate frequency signals in the form of (5)
A/D conversion is carried out on the zero difference intermediate frequency signal (sampling time interval is T s ) Obtaining digital sampling data I (mT s ) M=0, 1, …. For the k-th symbol,
I(mT s )＝exp{j[2πf D mT s +b k g(mT s -kT)]} (6)
step two: symbol synchronization by interpolation to obtain sampling sequence Y (kT) for symbol decision and symbol synchronization timing information mu k and mk 。
Let the output data time interval of the interpolation filter be the same as the symbol interval, and be T. Interpolation filtering results in a sample sequence Y (kT) for symbol decisions
Y(kT)＝∑ m I(mT s )×h I (kT-mT s ) (7)
wherein ,hI Is the interpolation filter response. Sampling sequence Y (kT) and intermediate frequency digital sampling data I (mT) s ) The time sequence relation of (2) is that
kT＝(m k +μ k )T s (8)
wherein μk Is the timing phase error of the kth symbol, and m k ＝int[kT/T s ](int[]Representing a rounding operation). In combination with symbol synchronization timing information of (8), data I (mT) s ) Is that
Step three: symbol decision is performed on the interpolated sample sequence Y (kT) to recover the transmitted symbol b' k . According to equation (2), the result of the symbol decision is:
step four: using symbol decision result b' k Timing information mu synchronized with symbol k 、m k Construction of symbol sample data S (mT s ) For the kth code element
Step five: the intermediate frequency digital sampling data is multiplied by the conjugate function of the symbol sampling data to obtain symbol Doppler shift sampling data.
Combining equations (9), (10) and (11), symbol Doppler shift sample data D (mT) s ) Is that
Step six: sampling data D (mT) for doppler shift s ) And performing phase continuity check and phase jump repair.
When the symbol decision is correct, D (mT) is calculated according to equations (10) and (12) s ) Doppler shift information f containing only symbol symbols D Is not greater than + -2 pi f, the maximum phase difference between adjacent data points Dmax T s, wherein fDmax Maximum doppler shift allowable for a spatial laser communication system; when symbol decision is wrong, D (mT) s ) At the symbol of the erroneous decision, a phase jump of about + -pi occurs between adjacent data.
Pair D (mT) s ) A phase continuity check is performed to indicate that a subsequent data point is affected by symbol decision errors if the phase difference between adjacent data points exceeds a certain threshold (e.g., ±pi/2). At this time, let b' k ＝b' k And + -pi, wherein the sign of + -pi is determined by the sign of the phase difference of adjacent data points, and symbol sample data is regenerated (see formula (11)) and multiplied with intermediate frequency digital sample data (see formula (12)). The data after finishing the phase jump repair is Doppler shift information f only containing code element symbols D Phase continuous signal D' (mT) s )。
Step seven: doppler shift sampling data D' (mT) for symbol symbols that are phase-continuous s ) And (5) performing frequency analysis and outputting speed measurement information.
The example of the application is a speed measurement technical scheme based on Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) phase modulation/homodyne coherent detection laser communication system.
The embodiment only provides an implementation scheme under a homodyne coherent detection laser communication system, and because the technical scheme provided by the application is developed after the A/D sampling is completed at a communication receiving end, the speed measurement scheme of the application can be completely applicable to various laser communication systems such as heterodyne coherent detection, direct detection and the like, and various digital wireless communication systems.
The application discloses a space laser communication and speed measurement method, which is characterized in that Doppler frequency shift information extraction and measurement are carried out on code element symbols at a receiving end, a unidirectional single-pass mode is adopted, space laser communication and real-time speed measurement can be simultaneously realized, the Doppler frequency shift information of the code element symbols is synchronously extracted and measured by directly utilizing symbol synchronization timing information and symbol judgment results, and independent modules such as modulation and detection are not required to be added at a receiving end, so that the system is simple in structure and easy to realize; the application is suitable for various space laser communication working systems such as coherent detection and the like, and can also be applied to speed measurement of other wireless communication systems.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The space laser communication and speed measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining a communication receiving signal according to a communication transmitting signal, and obtaining digital sampling data based on the communication receiving signal;
symbol synchronization and judgment are carried out based on the digital sampling data, and symbol sampling data are constructed;
obtaining symbol Doppler shift sampling data by using the digital sampling data and the symbol sampling data;
performing phase continuity check and phase jump restoration on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the symbol decision is correct, the symbol Doppler shift sampling data is Doppler shift information only containing symbolIs not greater than +.> , wherein />Maximum doppler shift allowable for a spatial laser communication system,/->Is a sampling time interval;
when the symbol decision is wrong, the Doppler shift sampled data of the symbol is at the symbol of the wrong decision, and a piece of adjacent data is generatedA left-right phase jump;
performing phase continuity check on the symbol Doppler shift sampling data, wherein the phase difference between the adjacent data points exceeds a set threshold value, and performing phase jump restoration on the symbol Doppler shift sampling data to obtain the symbol Doppler shift sampling data with continuous phase;
and carrying out frequency analysis on the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data with continuous phases to obtain speed information, and completing space laser communication and speed measurement.
2. The method of spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein the communication transmits a signalThe expression is as follows:
wherein ,/>Represents an exponential function based on natural logarithms,representing the circumference rate, ++>，/>For the laser carrier frequency +.>Is phase modulation information;
wherein ,/>Is the symbol interval of the symbol,indicate the transmission->Symbol of symbols>，/>For the shaping function, the following is calculated:
the relative movement speed of the two ends of the transceiver is made to be +.>，/>The time is the distance between the receiving and transmitting endsThe communication receiving signal->The expression is as follows,
wherein ,/>Is the speed of light.
3. The method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to claim 1, wherein obtaining digital sampling data based on the communication reception signal comprises:
and carrying out coherent detection and low-pass filtering on the communication receiving signal in a one-way and one-way mode to obtain a homodyne intermediate frequency signal, and carrying out A/D conversion on the homodyne intermediate frequency signal to obtain the digital sampling data.
4. The method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to claim 2, wherein,
symbol synchronization is performed based on the digital sampling data to obtain a sampling sequence and symbol synchronization timing information, and the symbol synchronization timing information specifically comprises:
symbol synchronization is carried out on the digital sampling data by adopting an interpolation method, and the sampling sequence is obtained;
and acquiring the symbol synchronization timing information according to the time sequence relation between the sampling sequence and the digital sampling data.
5. The method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to claim 4, wherein symbol decision is performed based on the sampling sequence to obtain communication data, and the symbol decision result is:
wherein ,/>For the symbol transmitted, +.>Is the symbol of the received symbol.
6. The method for spatial laser communication and speed measurement according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining symbol doppler shift sample data using the digital sample data and the symbol sample data comprises:
and multiplying the digital sampling data with the code element symbol sampling data by a conjugate function to obtain the code element symbol Doppler frequency shift sampling data.
7. The spatial laser communication and velocimetry method of claim 6 wherein said symbol doppler shift sample data is obtained as follows:
wherein ,sample data for symbol Doppler shift>For digitally sampled data +.>Sample data for symbol symbols, ">Is the a/D sampling time interval of the intermediate frequency signal, is->，For Doppler shift of symbol, < >>For the symbol transmitted, +.>For the symbol received, ++> and />For symbol timing information>Is an exponential function based on natural logarithm, < ->Is a shaping function.
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