CN112787719A - Laser communication and speed measurement system based on reverse modulator - Google Patents
Laser communication and speed measurement system based on reverse modulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112787719A CN112787719A CN202011623144.4A CN202011623144A CN112787719A CN 112787719 A CN112787719 A CN 112787719A CN 202011623144 A CN202011623144 A CN 202011623144A CN 112787719 A CN112787719 A CN 112787719A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator, which comprises a receiving and transmitting end and a reverse modulator MRR end, wherein the receiving and transmitting end and the reverse modulator MRR end are two terminals of the system; the receiving and transmitting end comprises a transmitting module and a first receiving module; the MRR end of the reverse modulator comprises a second receiving module and an MRR module; the transmitting module is used for transmitting a laser carrier with modulation information; the first receiving module is used for enabling the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier to form coherence, converting coherent optical signals into electric signals, filtering and amplifying the electric signals, demodulating backward transmission information and calculating Doppler frequency shift quantity; the second receiving module is used for converting the optical signal of the forward laser carrier into an electric signal to be output, filtering and amplifying the electric signal and demodulating forward transmission information; and the MRR module is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end according to the direction parallel to the original direction, simultaneously generating the multi-level diffraction component of the forward laser carrier wave and realizing the secondary modulation of the diffraction component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser communication and measurement, in particular to a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator.
Background
Since the terminals of conventional free-space optical communication systems need to be equipped with lasers and acquisition, alignment, and tracking devices, this may increase the size, weight, power consumption of the terminals and reduce the load capacity of the system. In addition, if the communication terminal is in a moving state, it is generally necessary to monitor the moving state of the terminal while performing real-time communication. The existing scheme is that a communication link and a monitoring link are separated, and multi-directional monitoring is realized by using different systems. However, a more complex structure is required to implement the function of speed measurement, the payload of the system is further reduced, and the application scenarios are more limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator. The system has the advantages of small volume and low power consumption, is suitable for a platform with severe environment and limited resources, and can utilize the laser Doppler effect to measure the speed of a reverse Modulator (MRR) end while realizing information bidirectional transmission.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator comprises a transceiving end and a reverse modulator MRR end, wherein the transceiving end and the reverse modulator MRR end are two terminals of the system; the receiving and transmitting end comprises a transmitting module and a first receiving module; the MRR end of the reverse modulator comprises a second receiving module and an MRR module;
the transmitting module is used for transmitting a laser carrier with modulation information;
the first receiving module is used for making the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier form coherence, converting coherent optical signals into electric signals, and filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signals;
the second receiving module is used for converting the optical signal of the forward laser carrier into an electric signal to be output, and filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal;
and the MRR module is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end according to the direction parallel to the original direction, simultaneously generating the multi-level diffraction component of the forward laser carrier wave and realizing the secondary modulation of the diffraction component.
Further, the transmitting module comprises a laser and a signal modulation module;
a laser for transmitting a forward laser carrier, a part for a signal carrier and a part for a reference carrier;
and the signal modulation module is used for modulating and loading the data information onto a forward laser carrier wave emitted by the laser.
Further, the first receiving module comprises a coherent detection optical module, a first photoelectric detector, a first signal processing module and a first lens;
the coherent detection optical module is used for receiving the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier to form a coherent optical field;
the first photoelectric detector is used for receiving the coherent light field and converting the received coherent light field into an electric signal;
the first signal processing module is used for filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal, recovering backward transmission information, and simultaneously calculating laser Doppler frequency shift quantity caused by the moving speed of the MRR end and the corresponding moving speed of the MRR end;
the first lens is used for collecting backward laser carriers.
Further, the second receiving module comprises a second photodetector, a second signal processing module and a second lens;
the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving the forward laser carrier and converting the forward laser carrier into an electric signal;
the second signal processing module is used for filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal and recovering forward transmission information;
and the second lens is used for collecting the forward laser carrier wave.
Further, the MRR module comprises a retro-reflector and an acousto-optic modulator;
the reverse reflector is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end in the direction parallel to the original direction;
the acousto-optic modulator is used for generating a multi-level diffraction component of a forward laser carrier wave, realizing secondary modulation of the diffraction component, and simultaneously realizing fixed frequency shift of a backward laser carrier wave and modulation of a backward laser signal.
Further, the reference carrier in the laser is an optical wave outside the laser cavity or an optical wave inside the laser cavity.
Further, the coherent detection optical module has one of a michelson interference structure, a mach-zehnder interference structure, and a self-mixing structure.
Further, the first signal processing module calculates the MRR end movement speed including the speed and the direction.
Furthermore, the acousto-optic modulator generates a multi-level diffraction component of a forward laser carrier and realizes secondary modulation of the diffraction component, wherein the diffraction component has fixed frequency offset and is reflected by the retro-reflector to be recycled to the transmitting end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the information transmission with long distance and high speed by utilizing the advantages of small MRR size, low power consumption and the like, and can synchronously calculate the moving speed of the MRR end without adding additional speed measuring equipment to realize the function. The invention has good innovation form and strong adaptability on the aspects of application form, actual effect and technical scheme simplicity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a backward modulator according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transceiving end according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an MRR end provided in the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a coherent probe light module using a Michelson interference structure according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coherent detection light module using a Mach-Zehnder interference structure according to an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a coherent detection optical module adopting a self-mixing structure according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator.
Example one
The embodiment provides a laser communication and speed measurement system based on a backward modulator, as shown in fig. 1, including a transceiving end 11 and a backward modulator MRR end 12, where the transceiving end 11 and the backward modulator MRR end 12 are two terminals of the system; the transceiving terminal 11 comprises a transmitting module and a first receiving module; the reverse modulator MRR end 12 includes a second receiving module and an MRR module;
the transmitting module is used for transmitting a laser carrier with modulation information;
the first receiving module is used for enabling the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier to form coherence, converting coherent optical signals into electric signals, filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signals, recovering backward transmission information on one hand, and solving laser Doppler frequency shift quantity caused by the moving speed of the MRR end and the corresponding moving speed of the MRR end on the other hand;
the second receiving module is used for converting the optical signal of the forward laser carrier into an electric signal to be output, and carrying out filtering, amplification and demodulation to recover forward transmission information;
and the MRR module is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end according to the direction parallel to the original direction, simultaneously generating the multi-level diffraction component of the forward laser carrier wave and realizing the secondary modulation of the diffraction component.
The specific implementation process of the laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator of this embodiment can be illustrated by fig. 2 and 3. As shown in fig. 2, the laser is modulated by the signal modulation module to generate a forward laser carrier carrying data information, wherein a part of the forward laser carrier is used as a reference carrier and a part of the forward laser carrier is used as a signal carrier. After passing through the coherent detection optical module, the signal carrier is transmitted to the MRR end through a forward channel, and the forward and backward channels are often in a free space. As shown in fig. 3, a part of forward laser carrier transmitted to the MRR end is received by the photodetector after passing through the lens, converted into an electrical signal, and then filtered, amplified, and demodulated by the signal processing module to recover forward transmission information. The other part of forward laser carrier generates multi-level diffraction component through the acousto-optic modulator, and realizes the secondary modulation of the diffraction component, namely, the fixed frequency shift of backward laser carrier and the modulation of backward laser signal are realized at the same time, and then the backward reflector reflects and recovers the transmitting end in parallel to the original direction. Since the MRR end has a lateral speed of movement, the backward laser carrier reflected by the retroreflector also produces an amount of frequency shift related to the speed of movement, depending on the doppler effect of the laser. The coherent detection optical module in fig. 2 receives a backward laser carrier and a reference carrier to form a coherent optical field, and converts the coherent optical field into an electrical signal by the photodetector, and then performs processing such as filtering, amplification, demodulation and the like on the electrical signal by the signal processing module, so as to recover backward transmission information on the one hand, and solve a laser doppler frequency shift amount caused by a MRR end moving speed and a corresponding MRR end moving speed on the other hand. If the moving speed direction of the MRR end has a certain included angle with the optical path, the actual speed of the MRR end can be calculated by measuring the included angle or the known moving track through experiments.
The structure of the coherent detection light module is one of a michelson interference structure, a mach-zehnder interference structure, and a self-mixing structure, and the three structures are respectively explained and detailed description is given below.
As shown in fig. 4, a coherent detection optical module with a michelson interference structure is configured, where a forward laser carrier generated by an emission module is transmitted by a semi-transparent and semi-reflective function of a spectroscope, and the other part is reflected. The reflected forward laser carrier serves as a reference carrier and is reflected to the beam splitter by the reflector again. The backward laser carrier wave reflected by the MRR end reaches the beam splitter and then is reflected, forms a coherent light field with the reference carrier wave, and is received by the photoelectric detector through the lens. Because the MRR end has moving speed, the Doppler frequency shift quantity generated by the backward laser carrier wave is as follows:
wherein v is the moving speed of the MRR end, and λ is the forward laser carrier wavelength emitted by the laser. If the acousto-optic modulator makes the backward laser carrier generate a fixed frequency shift of fAThe intensity of the coherent light field detected by the final photoelectric detector is equal to fDAnd fAThe following relations exist between the following components:
wherein ε is the heterodyne efficiency of the photodetector, AmIs the optical field amplitude, A, of the backward laser carrier received by the photodetectorrTo refer to the light field amplitude of the carrier wave,
and
respectively, the phases of the reference carrier and the backward laser carrier arriving at the receiving plane of the photodetector. The photoelectric detector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is filtered, amplified, demodulated and the like by the signal processing moduleOn one hand, the backward transmission information is recovered, and on the other hand, the laser Doppler frequency shift amount f caused by the moving speed of the MRR end is calculatedDAnd a corresponding MRR tip movement speed v.
As shown in fig. 5, a coherent detection optical module using a mach-zehnder interference structure is configured such that a forward laser carrier emitted by an emission module is partially transmitted and partially reflected by a semi-transparent and semi-reflective function of a spectroscope 1. The reflected forward laser carrier is used as a reference carrier and is reflected twice by the reflecting mirror and the spectroscope 3 to reach the photoelectric detector. The backward laser carrier wave reflected by the MRR end reaches the photoelectric detector through the reflection action of the spectroscope 2 and the transmission action of the spectroscope 3, and forms a coherent light field with the reference carrier wave. The photoelectric detector converts the optical signal into an electric signal, and the signal processing module recovers backward transmission information and simultaneously calculates the moving speed of the MRR end.
The coherent detection optical module with the self-mixing structure is shown in fig. 6, at this time, the transmitting module and the coherent detection optical module have a cross part, because backward laser carriers reflected by the MRR end interfere with the transmitted laser carriers in a resonant cavity of the laser, a photodiode can be placed in the laser to detect coherent optical fields of the transmitting module and the MRR end, optical signals are converted into electric signals, and the moving speed of the MRR end is calculated through the signal processing module. The backward laser carrier is reflected by the beam splitter to form a part before reaching the laser, the backward laser carrier of the part is received by the photoelectric detector and converted into an electric signal, and then the electric signal is filtered, amplified and demodulated by the signal processing module to recover backward transmission information.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment utilizes the advantages of small size, low power consumption and the like of the MRR, can realize long-distance and high-speed information transmission, and can synchronously calculate the moving speed of the MRR end without adding additional speed measuring equipment to realize the function. The invention has good innovation form and strong adaptability on the aspects of application form, actual effect and technical scheme simplicity.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator is characterized by comprising a transceiving end and a reverse modulator MRR end, wherein the transceiving end and the reverse modulator MRR end are two terminals of the system; the receiving and transmitting end comprises a transmitting module and a first receiving module; the MRR end of the reverse modulator comprises a second receiving module and an MRR module;
the transmitting module is used for transmitting a laser carrier with modulation information;
the first receiving module is used for making the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier form coherence, converting coherent optical signals into electric signals, and filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signals;
the second receiving module is used for converting the optical signal of the forward laser carrier into an electric signal to be output, and filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal;
and the MRR module is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end according to the direction parallel to the original direction, simultaneously generating the multi-level diffraction component of the forward laser carrier wave and realizing the secondary modulation of the diffraction component.
2. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitting module comprises a laser, a signal modulation module;
a laser for transmitting a forward laser carrier, a part for a signal carrier and a part for a reference carrier;
and the signal modulation module is used for modulating and loading the data information onto a forward laser carrier wave emitted by the laser.
3. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator according to claim 1, wherein the first receiving module comprises a coherent detection optical module, a first photoelectric detector, a first signal processing module, a first lens;
the coherent detection optical module is used for receiving the backward laser carrier and the reference carrier to form a coherent optical field;
the first photoelectric detector is used for receiving the coherent light field and converting the received coherent light field into an electric signal;
the first signal processing module is used for filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal, recovering backward transmission information, and simultaneously calculating laser Doppler frequency shift quantity caused by the moving speed of the MRR end and the corresponding moving speed of the MRR end;
the first lens is used for collecting backward laser carriers.
4. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second receiving module comprises a second photodetector, a second signal processing module, a second lens;
the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving the forward laser carrier and converting the forward laser carrier into an electric signal;
the second signal processing module is used for filtering, amplifying and demodulating the electric signal and recovering forward transmission information;
and the second lens is used for collecting the forward laser carrier wave.
5. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on a reverse modulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MRR module comprises a reverse reflector, an acousto-optic modulator;
the reverse reflector is used for reflecting and recycling the forward laser carrier wave to the transmitting end in the direction parallel to the original direction;
the acousto-optic modulator is used for generating a multi-level diffraction component of a forward laser carrier wave, realizing secondary modulation of the diffraction component, and simultaneously realizing fixed frequency shift of a backward laser carrier wave and modulation of a backward laser signal.
6. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reference carrier in the laser is an external laser cavity optical wave or an internal laser cavity optical wave.
7. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator according to claim 3, wherein the structure of the coherent detection optical module is one of a Michelson interference structure, a Mach-Zehnder interference structure, and a self-mixing structure.
8. The laser communication and speed measurement system based on the inverse modulator of claim 3, wherein the first signal processing module is configured to calculate the moving speed of the MRR end including a speed magnitude and a direction.
9. A laser communication and velocity measurement system based on a backward modulator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the acousto-optic modulator generates multi-level diffraction component of forward laser carrier and implements secondary modulation of the diffraction component, wherein the diffraction component has a fixed frequency offset and is reflected by the backward reflector to recover the original end.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20210511 |