CN115903032B - Underground fluid storage space and migration channel detection method and device - Google Patents
Underground fluid storage space and migration channel detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and relates to a method and a device for detecting a storage space and an migration channel of underground fluid, wherein common offset seismic wave field data of a region to be processed are collected; processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data; then homing imaging is carried out on scattered wave data through an offset algorithm, so that a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is obtained, and detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is realized; meanwhile, the kinematic characteristic difference of the wave field and the dynamic characteristic of the wave field are considered, so that the wave field information is extracted more quickly and conveniently, the matrix decomposition technology is applied, the scattered wave data of the discontinuous geologic body can be accurately obtained, the calculation efficiency and the accuracy are high, the underground abnormal geologic body can be positioned, and geothermal heat, mineral resources and CO are facilitated 2 The safety and the effectiveness of the sealing and storing projects are improved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of detection, and relates to a method and a device for detecting a subsurface fluid storage space and a migration channel.
The background technology is as follows:
underground discontinuous geological anomalies have important effects on the development and utilization of geothermal heat, mineral resources and the like. The discontinuous geological abnormal body can be used as a heat conduction channel of a geothermal storage space to conduct heat, and is important for geothermal resource utilization and well drilling position selection. The underground discontinuous cracks serving as storage spaces and migration channels of mineral resources such as coal bed gas, petroleum, natural gas and the like play a vital role in well drilling position selection and oil and gas resource exploration and development utilization. The scattered data is the wave field response of the underground geological abnormal body, can be used for accurately positioning the non-uniform discontinuous geological body, provides stronger illumination of the underground space, and is extracted from the wave field data on the premise of utilizing the scattered data, and then the high-precision imaging is carried out to accurately position and image the geological abnormal body.
In the existing method, a plane wave decomposition method is generally adopted to acquire scattering data, but the method only considers the difference of the kinematic characteristics of the wave field, ignores the dynamic characteristics of the wave field and is not beneficial to the extraction of wave field information.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and designs and provides a method and a device for detecting a subsurface fluid storage space and an migration channel.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific process of the invention for realizing the detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is as follows:
(1) Collecting common offset seismic wave field data of a region to be processed;
(2) Processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data;
(3) And homing imaging is carried out on scattered wave data through an offset algorithm, so that a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is obtained, and detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is realized.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the specific process of acquiring scattered wave data in the step (2) is as follows:
(21) Constructing frequency space domain seismic data from the seismic wave data with the common offset acquired in the step (1) by utilizing Fourier transformation, and converting the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix;
(22) According to the matrix row-column contribution value weight function, selecting a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition sub-matrix;
(23) And (5) approximating Hankle matrix low-rank information by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component, and acquiring scattered wave data.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the Hankle matrix obtained in the step (21) is as follows:
wherein d i For the ith trace data at a certain frequency, m and n are the rows and columns of the matrix.
As a further technical solution of the present invention, in step (22), the matrix row and column contribution weight functions are respectively:
wherein i, j are row and column subscripts of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and each column can be circularly calculated through the formula, and column vectors with larger contribution weight are selected based on the weight function to construct decomposed matrixes A and B, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the above formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and each column vector to construct matrices A and B, wherein the matrix U is composed of intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein ( + As a generalized inverse matrix, three matrices A, U, B are obtained by matrix rank contribution weighting functions.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the approximate low-rank component shown in the step (23)Scattered wave data->
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the offset algorithm adopted in the step (3) is a Kirchhoff offset algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the method takes the kinematic characteristic difference of the wave field and the dynamic characteristic of the wave field into consideration, so that the wave field information is extracted more quickly and conveniently, the matrix decomposition technology is applied, the scattered wave data of discontinuous geologic bodies can be accurately obtained, the calculation efficiency and the accuracy are high, the underground abnormal geologic bodies can be positioned, and geothermal heat, mineral resources and CO are facilitated 2 The safety and the effectiveness of the sealing and storing projects are improved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of the workflow of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of the present invention for acquiring scattered wave data.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a subsurface fluid storage space and migration path detection apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of raw seismic superimposed data records for co-offset seismic wavefield data of embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of scattered wave data extracted in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the result of imaging scattered wave data according to example 1 of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting a storage space and a migration passage of a subsurface fluid, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Determining a region to be processed, and collecting common offset seismic wave field data of the region to be processed, as shown in figure 1;
(2) Constructing frequency space domain seismic data by utilizing Fourier transformation according to the co-offset seismic wave field data acquired in the step (1), and converting the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix H:
wherein d i For the ith channel data under a certain frequency, m and n are rows and columns of the matrix;
(3) According to matrix row and column contribution value weight functions, a plurality of rows and columns are selected from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition submatrix, wherein the matrix row and column contribution weight functions are respectively as follows:
wherein i, j are row and column subscripts of the Hankle matrix, x represents the number of columns, y represents the number of rows,for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and each column can be circularly calculated through the formula, and column vectors with larger contribution weight are selected based on the weight function to construct decomposed matrixes A and B, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the above formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and each column vector to construct matrices A and B, wherein the matrix U is composed of intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein ( + Three matrices A, U, B which are generalized inverse matrices and are obtained through matrix row-column contribution weight functions;
(4) According to the submatrix obtained in the step (3), the matrix decomposition technology is utilized to approximate Hankle matrix low-rank information, and approximate low-rank components are obtainedThereby acquiring scattered wave data->As shown in fig. 5;
(5) And (3) carrying out homing imaging on the scattered wave data obtained in the step (4) through a Kirchhoff offset algorithm, and obtaining a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel as shown in fig. 6, so as to realize detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a device for detecting a subsurface fluid storage space and a migration passage, which includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the co-offset seismic wave field data of the region to be detected;
the data processing module is used for processing the common offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data;
and the imaging module is used for carrying out offset imaging on the scattered wave data to obtain a fine detection result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
Specifically, the data processing module comprises a Hankel matrix conversion unit, a submatrix decomposition unit and a scattered wave data acquisition unit, wherein the Hankel matrix conversion unit utilizes Fourier transformation to construct frequency space domain seismic data of the acquired common offset seismic wave field data, the frequency space domain seismic data are converted into a Hankel matrix H, and the submatrix decomposition unit utilizes a matrix row and column contribution value weight function to select a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition submatrix and construct an objective function; the scattered wave data acquisition unit approximates Hankle matrix low-rank information by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component, thereby acquiring scattered wave data.
More specifically, the Hankel matrix H obtained by the Hankel matrix conversion unit is:
wherein d i For the ith channel data under a certain frequency, m and n are rows and columns of the matrix;
matrix row and column contribution weight functions adopted by the submatrix decomposition unit are respectively as follows:
wherein,i. j is the row and column subscript number of the Hankle matrix, x represents the column number, y represents the row number,for the contribution value function of the component, the weight value of each row and each column can be circularly calculated through the formula, and column vectors with larger contribution weight are selected based on the weight function to construct decomposed matrixes A and B, wherein the matrix A is composed of column vectors, the matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
according to the above formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and each column vector to construct matrices A and B, wherein the matrix U is composed of intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
U＝A + HB +
wherein ( + Three matrices A, U, B which are generalized inverse matrices and are obtained through matrix row-column contribution weight functions;
low-rank component of approximation obtained by scattered wave acquisition unitThereby acquiring scattered wave data
In the embodiment, firstly, the common offset seismic wave field data of a region to be processed is acquired through a data acquisition module; the data processing module utilizes Fourier transformation to construct frequency space domain seismic data and converts the frequency space domain seismic data into a Hankel matrix; then, according to the matrix row-column contribution value weight function, selecting a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition sub-matrix; then, approximate Hankle matrix low-rank information is utilized to obtain scattered wave field data; and finally, the imaging module performs homing imaging on scattered wave data through an offset algorithm to obtain detection results of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel.
The computer program product of the method and apparatus for fine detection of a subsurface fluid storage space and a migration channel according to the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, where the instructions included in the program codes may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing embodiments, and specific implementation may be referred to the method embodiments, which are not described herein again, and algorithms that are not described in detail are all general techniques in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for detecting a subsurface fluid storage space and a migration passage is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Collecting common offset seismic wave field data of a region to be processed;
(2) Processing the co-offset seismic wave field data to obtain scattered wave data, comprising the following steps:
(21) Constructing frequency space domain seismic data from the seismic wave data with the common offset acquired in the step (1) by utilizing Fourier transformation, and converting the seismic wave data into a Hankel matrix, wherein the Hankle matrix is as follows:wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,d i is the first one under a certain frequencyiLane data, m and n are rows and columns of the matrix;
(22) According to the matrix row-column contribution value weight function, selecting a plurality of rows and columns from the Hankel matrix to construct a decomposition sub-matrix; the matrix row and column contribution weight functions are respectively:
，
，
wherein,i、jis the row and column subscript number of the Hankle matrix, x represents the column number, y represents the row number,φfor the contribution value function of the columns and rows of the Hankel matrix, the weight value of each row and column can be circularly calculated through the above formula, and column vectors and row vectors with larger contribution weights are selected based on the weight function to respectively construct decomposed matrixes A and B, wherein the matrixesA is composed of column vectors, matrix B is composed of row vectors, and the screening principle of the column vectors and the row vectors is as follows:
，
，
according to the above formula, c column vectors and r row vectors with larger weights are respectively selected from each row vector and each column vector to construct matrices A and B, wherein the matrix U is composed of intersecting elements of A and B, namely:
，
wherein ( + Three matrices A, U, B which are generalized inverse matrices and are obtained through matrix row-column contribution weight functions;
(23) Approximating Hankle matrix low-rank information by using a matrix decomposition technology to obtain an approximate low-rank component, and acquiring scattered wave data;
(3) And homing imaging is carried out on scattered wave data through an offset algorithm, so that a fine positioning result of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is obtained, and detection of the underground fluid storage space and the migration channel is realized.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the approximate low-rank component of step (23) isScattered wave data is->。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the migration algorithm used in step (3) is Kirchhoff migration algorithm.
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