CN115896636B - Preparation method of high-hardness roller - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-hardness roller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rollers, and provides a preparation method of a high-hardness roller, which comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and a core part, wherein the outer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.3-2% of C, 0.8-1.4% of Si, 1.4-1.8% of Mn, 1.8-2.2% of V, 3.8-4.5% of Cr, 0.5-0.8% of Nb, 1.8-2.4% of Mo, 1.6-1.8% of W, 0.5-0.9% of B, 2-3% of Co, 0.5-1% of Zr0.5% of Fe and the balance of unavoidable impurities. Through the technical scheme, the problem that the hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance of the roller in the related technology cannot be simultaneously considered is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rollers, in particular to a preparation method of a high-hardness roller.
Background
With the development of steel rolling technology, the speed and the automation degree of a rolling mill are continuously improved, and the quality of the roller, particularly the wear resistance, the strength and the toughness of the roller are required to be higher. In recent years, research and development technicians at home and abroad have conducted a great deal of research on roll materials, and have made breakthroughs in manufacturing new-generation composite rolls by using high-speed steel.
The high-speed steel composite roll is a high-performance roll, also known as wind steel or high-speed steel, can be hardened even when cooled in air during quenching, and is sharp. It is a complex alloy steel containing tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and other carbide forming elements.
Boron is a cheap nonmetallic element, chinese boron resources are rich, and trace boron can improve the hardenability and hardenability of steel. The boron reacts with the iron to generate boride with high hardness, which is beneficial to improving the wear resistance of the roller. Meanwhile, the vanadium content in the high-speed steel roller can be greatly reduced by adding boron, and the grinding performance of the high-speed steel roller is improved. Reducing the vanadium content can also significantly reduce vanadium segregation during centrifugal casting, which has a good effect on improving and stabilizing roll performance.
The Chinese patent 201210096764.6 discloses a boron-containing centrifugal composite high-speed steel roller and a preparation method thereof, and develops a heat treatment process suitable for chemical composition of the roller due to the addition of boron, so that a high-temperature quenching process is omitted, the roller heat treatment energy consumption is low, the period is short, the roller cannot be oxidized or decarbonized, the roller is safe to use, and no roller breakage phenomenon occurs in use. However, the toughness and corrosion resistance of the roll are reduced due to the addition of boron.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-hardness roller, which solves the problem that the hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance of the roller in the related technology cannot be simultaneously considered.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-hardness roller comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and a core part, wherein the outer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.3-2% of C, 0.8-1.4% of Si, 1.4-1.8% of Mn, 1.8-2.2% of V, 3.8-4.5% of Cr, 0.5-0.8% of Nb, 1.8-2.4% of Mo, 1.6-1.8% of W, 0.5-0.9% of B, 2-3% of Co, 0.5-1% of Zr and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
As a further technical scheme, the outer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.8% of C, 1.0% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 2% of V, 4.2% of Cr, 0.6% of Nb, 2.0% of Mo, 1.7% of W, 0.7% of B, 2.5% of Co, 0.7% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
As a further technical scheme, the intermediate layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-1.8% of C, 1.2-1.4% of Si, 1.6-1.8% of Mn, 1.0-1.5% of V, 0.2-0.4% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
As a further technical scheme, the core comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.0-3.5% of C, 2.0-2.8% of Si, 0.5-1% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1% of P, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, 1-2% of Ni, 0.5-1% of Cr, 0.4-0.6% of Mo, 0.5-0.8% of Mg, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the high-hardness roller comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting to obtain outer molten steel, middle molten steel and core molten iron;
s2, adding an alterant into the molten iron of the working layer to carry out modification treatment; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
S3, performing centrifugal casting to obtain a high-hardness roller casting blank;
s4, cooling after heat preservation, and carrying out surface processing treatment;
s5, heat treatment;
s6, finish machining.
As a further technical scheme, the heat treatment specifically comprises:
quenching: heating to 1100-1200 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5-10 h, rapidly cooling to 400-450 ℃, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
tempering: tempering temperature is 520-550 ℃, tempering time is 10-20 h, and tempering is carried out for 2 times.
As a further technical scheme, the modifier is a mixture of silicon germanium and silicon strontium, the mass ratio of the silicon germanium to the silicon strontium is 1-2:8-9, the modifier is modified at 1600-1620 ℃, and the addition amount of the modifier is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the outer molten steel.
The mixture of silicon germanium and silicon strontium is used as an modifier, so that the cast structure of the alloy can be obviously refined, the component segregation is reduced, and the mechanical property and the wear resistance of the roller are improved.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S4, after the casting is completed, heat preservation and slow cooling are carried out in a casting pit for 18-24 hours, and then air cooling is carried out.
As a further technical scheme, the core molten iron is taken out of the furnace, spheroidized and inoculated and then poured.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the composite roller adopts a three-layer structure, boron is added in the outermost layer, the cost is reduced, the hardness of steel can be improved, but the adding amount of boron needs to be controlled between 0.5 and 0.9 percent, the improvement of the hardness is not obviously assisted by too low boron, the toughness is greatly reduced due to too high boron, the corrosion resistance is poor, and the service life of the roller is reduced. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem of toughness reduction caused by the introduction of boron, the corrosion resistance of the roller can be improved by adding W and Co. The introduction of W can further increase hardness, but in the chemical composition of the present invention, if the tungsten content exceeds 1.8%, it is returned to some extent to cause difficulty in melting and molding. Furthermore, the introduction of Co can ensure the toughness of the outer layer of the roll, but too high a content can also lead to a decrease in corrosion resistance.
2. For the three-layer chemical composition of the roller, a proper heat treatment process is developed, so that the alloy with rearranged crystal structure has a more uniform microstructure, which is beneficial to the mechanical property of the roller and also helps to reduce the corrosion rate of the alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-hardness roller comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting to obtain outer molten steel, middle molten steel and core molten iron;
the outer layer molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.8% of C, 1.0% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 2% of V, 4.2% of Cr, 0.6% of Nb, 2.0% of Mo, 1.7% of W, 0.7% of B, 2.5% of Co, 0.7% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the molten steel of the middle layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.6% of C, 1.3% of Si, 1.7% of Mn, 1.2% of V, 0.3% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the core molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.2% of C, 2.5% of Si, 0.7% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.06% of S, 1.5% of Ni, 0.7% of Cr, 0.5% of Mo, 0.6% of Mg, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
s2, adding an alterant which is 0.4% of the mass of the outer molten steel into the steel ladle when the outer molten steel is discharged, wherein the alterant is a mixture of silicon strontium and silicon germanium, the mass ratio of the alterant to the silicon strontium to the silicon germanium is 1:9, carrying out modification treatment at 1610 ℃, and then cooling to 1550 ℃ and discharging (drying the alterant before use); spheroidizing inoculation treatment is carried out after the core molten iron is discharged from the furnace;
s3, centrifugally casting the outer molten steel, the middle molten steel and the core molten iron to obtain a high-hardness roller casting blank: the casting temperature of the outer molten steel is 1550 ℃, when the temperature of the outer molten steel is 1250 ℃, the middle layer molten steel is cast, and when the solidification temperature of the middle layer molten steel is 1150 ℃, the machine is stopped, and the core molten steel is cast in a mold closing mode;
s4, carrying out heat preservation and slow cooling for 18 hours in the casting pit, then carrying out air cooling, and carrying out surface processing treatment;
s5, heat treatment: quenching: heating to 1150 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, preserving heat for 9h, rapidly cooling to 420 ℃, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
tempering: tempering temperature is 540 ℃, tempering time is 15h, and tempering is carried out for 2 times.
S6, finish machining.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-hardness roller comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting to obtain outer molten steel, middle molten steel and core molten iron;
the outer layer molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.0% of C, 1.4% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 2.2% of V, 4.5% of Cr, 0.8% of Nb, 2.4% of Mo, 1.8% of W, 0.9% of B, 3.0% of Co, 1.0% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the molten steel of the middle layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.8% of C, 11.4% of Si, 1.8% of Mn, 1.5% of V, 0.4% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the core molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.5% of C, 2.8% of Si, 1% of Mn, 0.08% of P, 0.06% of S, 2.0% of Ni, 1.0% of Cr, 0.6% of Mo, 0.8% of Mg, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
s2, adding an alterant which is 0.5% of the mass of the outer molten steel into the steel ladle when the outer molten steel is discharged, wherein the alterant is a mixture of silicon strontium and silicon germanium, the mass ratio of the alterant to the silicon strontium to the silicon germanium is 2:8, carrying out modification treatment at 1600 ℃, and then cooling to 1550 ℃ and discharging (the alterant is dried before use); spheroidizing inoculation treatment is carried out after the core molten iron is discharged from the furnace;
s3, centrifugally casting the outer molten steel, the middle molten steel and the core molten iron to obtain a high-hardness roller casting blank: the casting temperature of the outer molten steel is 1550 ℃, when the temperature of the outer molten steel is 1250 ℃, the middle layer molten steel is cast, and when the solidification temperature of the middle layer molten steel is 1150 ℃, the machine is stopped, and the core molten steel is cast in a mold closing mode;
s4, carrying out heat preservation and slow cooling for 24 hours in the casting pit, then carrying out air cooling, and carrying out surface processing treatment;
s5, heat treatment: quenching: heating to 1100 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, preserving heat for 10h, rapidly cooling to 400 ℃, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
tempering: tempering temperature is 550 ℃, tempering time is 10 hours, and tempering is carried out for 2 times.
S6, finish machining.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-hardness roller comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting to obtain outer molten steel, middle molten steel and core molten iron;
the outer layer molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.3% of C, 0.8% of Si, 1.4% of Mn, 1.8% of V, 3.8% of Cr, 0.5% of Nb, 1.8% of Mo, 1.6% of W, 0.5% of B, 2.0% of Co, 0.5% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the molten steel of the middle layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5% of C, 1.2% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 1.0% of V, 0.2% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the core molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.0% of C, 2.0% of Si, 0.5% of Mn, 0.02% of P, 0.04% of S, 1.0% of Ni, 0.5% of Cr, 0.4% of Mo, 0.5% of Mg, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
s2, adding an alterant which is 0.3% of the mass of the outer molten steel into the steel ladle when the outer molten steel is discharged, wherein the alterant is a mixture of silicon strontium and silicon germanium, the mass ratio of the alterant to the silicon strontium to the silicon germanium is 2:8, carrying out modification treatment at 1600 ℃, and then cooling to 1550 ℃ and discharging (the alterant is dried before use); spheroidizing inoculation treatment is carried out after the core molten iron is discharged from the furnace;
s3, centrifugally casting the outer molten steel, the middle molten steel and the core molten iron to obtain a high-hardness roller casting blank: the casting temperature of the outer molten steel is 1560 ℃, when the temperature of the outer molten steel is 1250 ℃, the middle layer molten steel is cast, and when the solidification temperature of the middle layer molten steel is 1150 ℃, the casting machine is stopped to cast core molten iron in a mold closing mode;
s4, carrying out heat preservation and slow cooling for 24 hours in the casting pit, then carrying out air cooling, and carrying out surface processing treatment;
s5, heat treatment: quenching: heating to 1200 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5h, rapidly cooling to 450 ℃, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
tempering: tempering temperature is 520 ℃, tempering time is 18h, and tempering is carried out for 2 times.
S6, finish machining.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the modifier is bismuth silicon, zirconium silicon and germanium silicon in a mass ratio of 10:18:1, otherwise the same as example 1.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the modifier is a mixture of cerium silicon and germanium silicon in a mass ratio of 1:9, otherwise the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the modifier is a mixture of strontium silicate and germanium silicate in a mass ratio of 3:7, otherwise the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference with the embodiment 2 is that the chemical components of the outer layer molten steel in weight percentage are as follows: 2.0% of C, 1.4% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 2.2% of V, 4.5% of Cr, 0.8% of Nb, 2.4% of Mo, 1.8% of W, 1.2% of B, 3.0% of Co, 1.0% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, except for the above, the procedure was the same as in example 2.
Hardness testing was performed according to GB/T1504-2008, impact toughness testing was performed according to GB/T229-2007 Charpy pendulum impact test, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 roll performance test of examples and comparative examples
| Project | Hardness HSD | Impact toughness/J/cm 2 |
| Example 1 | 86 | 13.2 |
| Example 2 | 82 | 12.5 |
| Example 3 | 79 | 12.8 |
| Example 4 | 77 | 11.7 |
| Example 5 | 70 | 10.2 |
| Example 6 | 73 | 11.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 82 | 11.9 |
In comparative example 1, the amount of B added was increased, and toughness was lowered, but hardness was hardly changed, so that the present invention requires strict control of the amount of B added to ensure excellent hardness and impact toughness properties of the roll. The modification of the modifier in examples 4 to 6 reduced both hardness and toughness, and the use of the modifier in examples 1 to 3 gave the best modification effect for the chemical composition of the outer molten steel in the present invention.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-hardness roller comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and a core part, and is characterized in that the outer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.3-2% of C, 0.8-1.4% of Si, 1.4-1.8% of Mn, 1.8-2.2% of V, 3.8-4.5% of Cr, 0.5-0.8% of Nb, 1.8-2.4% of Mo, 1.6-1.8% of W, 0.7% of B, 2-3% of Co, 0.5-1% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method of the high-hardness roller comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively smelting to obtain outer molten steel, middle molten steel and core molten iron;
s2, adding an alterant into the molten iron of the working layer to carry out modification treatment;
s3, performing centrifugal casting to obtain a high-hardness roller casting blank;
s4, cooling after heat preservation, and carrying out surface processing treatment;
s5, heat treatment;
s6, finish machining;
the modifier is a mixture of silicon germanium and silicon strontium, and the mass ratio of the silicon germanium to the silicon strontium is 1-2:8-9.
2. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.8% of C, 1.0% of Si, 1.6% of Mn, 2% of V, 4.2% of Cr, 0.6% of Nb, 2.0% of Mo, 1.7% of W, 0.7% of B, 2.5% of Co, 0.7% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.5-1.8% of C, 1.2-1.4% of Si, 1.6-1.8% of Mn, 1.0-1.5% of V, 0.2-0.4% of Ni, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
4. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein the core comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.0-3.5% of C, 2.0-2.8% of Si, 0.5-1% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1% of P, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, 1-2% of Ni, 0.5-1% of Cr, 0.4-0.6% of Mo, 0.5-0.8% of Mg, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
5. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment is in particular:
quenching: heating to 1100-1200 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5-10 h, rapidly cooling to 400-450 ℃, and slowly cooling to room temperature;
tempering: the tempering temperature is 520-550 ℃, the tempering time is 10-20 h, and 2 times of tempering are carried out.
6. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein the modifier is added in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5% by mass of the outer layer molten steel after modification at 1600 to 1620 ℃.
7. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, after the casting is completed, the heat-preserving slow cooling is performed in the casting pit for 18 to 24 hours, and then the air cooling is performed.
8. The high hardness roll according to claim 1, wherein the core molten iron is cast after being tapped and spheroidized.
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