CN111378908B - Preparation method of alloy steel lining plate - Google Patents

Preparation method of alloy steel lining plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111378908B
CN111378908B CN202010191975.2A CN202010191975A CN111378908B CN 111378908 B CN111378908 B CN 111378908B CN 202010191975 A CN202010191975 A CN 202010191975A CN 111378908 B CN111378908 B CN 111378908B
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alloy steel
ingot
percent
carrying
lining plate
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CN111378908A (en
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姜庆伟
冯海滨
高炳臣
张文
俞建法
赵跃林
张田翔
王肖江
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Yunnan Kungang Wear Resistant Material Science Co ltd
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Yunnan Kungang Wear Resistant Material Science Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an alloy steel lining plate, and belongs to the technical field of material preparation. Adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 950-1000 ℃, preserving heat for 45-60 min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat; then carrying out multi-pass hot rolling, wherein the accumulated deformation is 70-75%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank; carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to the solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature; carrying out vacuum annealing on the obtained plate at 950-1000 ℃ for 1-1.5 hours to obtain an alloy steel lining plate; the method can improve the strength and the plasticity of the alloy steel lining plate at the same time, and meets the requirements of practical application.

Description

Preparation method of alloy steel lining plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an alloy steel lining plate, belonging to the technical field of material preparation.
Background
In recent years, a plurality of alloy steel materials are widely applied to automobile manufacturing, metallurgy, mining, chemical engineering and other departments, along with the development of modern industrial technology, people put forward higher requirements on the performance and service life of the materials, the implementation of energy-saving and emission-reduction policies and the increasingly severe technical market competition of wear-resistant products are achieved, and the traditional high-chromium cast iron integral casting and forming technology cannot meet the increasingly developed market requirements. The refinement and improvement of the metal solidification structure are beneficial to improving the mechanical property of the material, and some new technologies and new processes generated in the research and development of high-performance materials play an important role, thereby promoting the development of advanced manufacturing technologies in China. In recent years, the pulse current processing technology is used as a new metal material processing technology and has the characteristics of no pollution, simple equipment, convenience in operation, remarkable effect and the like. The solidification structure of the liquid metal is controlled through the pulse current, and the mechanical property of the metal material is improved, so that the method has great economic benefit.
In general, the strength of steel materials is inversely related to their plasticity, and the method of increasing the hardness of steel is often by increasing the content of carbon or chromium in the steel. However, the higher carbon and chromium content in the steel can obviously reduce the plasticity and toughness of the material; there is therefore a need to improve the strength of steel by other methods without impairing its workability and weldability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an alloy steel lining plate, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 950-1000 ℃, preserving heat for 45-60 min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat.
(2) And (2) carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 70% -75%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank.
(3) And (3) carrying out solution treatment on the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2), and carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature.
(4) And (4) annealing the plate obtained in the step (3) for 1-1.5 hours in vacuum at the temperature of 750-800 ℃.
Preferably, the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 0.6-0.8% of C, 0.65-0.70% of Cr, 0.35-0.40% of Mo, 0.5-0.7% of Ni, Al: 5.0 to 6 percent of Fe, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 0.76 percent of Ti, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Si, 0.02 to 0.1 percent of V, less than 0.005 percent of P, less than 0.006 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities.
Preferably, the hot rolling treatment in step (2) of the invention comprises the following specific processes: heating the cast ingot to 1180-1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 50-70 min, cooling to the rolling temperature range of 1100-1150 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and then performing multi-pass rolling at the final rolling temperature of 750-800 ℃.
Preferably, the conditions of the solution treatment in step (3) of the present invention are: keeping the temperature at 950-1000 ℃ for 30-40 min.
Preferably, the surface mechanical grinding treatment in the step (3) is completed by a surface nano-tester, the vibration frequency of the surface nano-tester is 30-50 Hz, 150-180 steel balls are used, the diameter of the used stainless steel ball is 8-10 mm, and the time is 15-30 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the alloy steel lining plate is subjected to hot rolling, the higher the temperature is, the lower the strength and better the plasticity of the material are, and the plasticity of the material can be improved through the hot rolling; then, through solution treatment, the stress can be eliminated, and the performance of the material is further improved.
(2) The alloy steel lining plate is finally subjected to surface nanocrystallization treatment, crystal grains on the surface of the alloy steel lining plate can be refined, and the strength is greatly improved.
(3) According to the invention, Al element is added into alloy steel, on the basis of ensuring that the steel plate has better strength and plasticity, the density of the steel plate is reduced, the weight of the steel plate is reduced to a certain extent, and elements such as Nb, V, Ti and the like are added to further improve the performance of the material.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.
Example 1
The preparation method of the alloy steel lining plate specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat; the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.6% of C, 0.65% of Cr, 0.35% of Mo, 0.7% of Ni and Al: 5.0 percent of Mn, 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6 percent of Ti, 0.3 percent of Si, 0.02 percent of V, less than 0.005 percent of P, less than 0.006 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities.
(2) Carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 75%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank; the hot rolling conditions were: heating the cast ingot to 1180 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 50min, cooling to the rolling temperature range of 1100 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and then rolling at the final rolling temperature of 750 ℃.
(3) Carrying out solution treatment (950 ℃ and heat preservation for 40min) on the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2), and carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature; the vibration frequency of the surface nanocrystallization testing machine is 30Hz, 150 steel balls are used, the diameter of the used stainless steel ball is 8mm, and the time is 30 min.
(4) And (4) carrying out vacuum annealing on the plate obtained in the step (3) at 800 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the alloy steel lining plate.
The alloy steel lining plate prepared by the embodiment is subjected to mechanical property test, and has the tensile strength of 1250MPa and the elongation of 48 percent.
Example 2
The preparation method of the alloy steel lining plate specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 45min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat; the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.8% of C, 0.70% of Cr, 0.40% of Mo, 0.5% of Ni and Al: 6 percent of Mn, 0.8 percent of Ti, 0.76 percent of Si, 0.5 percent of V, 0.1 percent of P less than 0.005 percent of S less than 0.006 percent of the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities.
(2) Carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 70%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank; the hot rolling conditions were: heating the cast ingot to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 70min, cooling to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and then rolling, wherein the final rolling temperature is 800 ℃.
(3) Carrying out solution treatment (1000 ℃ and heat preservation for 30min) on the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2), and carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature; the vibration frequency of the surface nanocrystallization testing machine is 50Hz, 180 steel balls are used, the diameter of the used stainless steel ball is 10mm, and the time is 15 min.
(4) And (4) annealing the plate obtained in the step (3) at 750 ℃ for 1.5 hours in vacuum to obtain the alloy steel lining plate.
The alloy steel lining plate prepared by the embodiment is subjected to mechanical property test, and has the tensile strength of 1200MPa and the elongation of 49 percent.
Example 3
The preparation method of the alloy steel lining plate specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 960 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 50min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat; the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.7% of C, 0.68% of Cr, 0.37% of Mo, 0.6% of Ni and Al: 5.5 percent of Mn, 0.9 percent of Ti, 0.70 percent of Si, 0.4 percent of V, less than 0.07 percent of P, less than 0.005 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities.
(2) Carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 73%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank; the hot rolling conditions were: heating the cast ingot to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 60min, cooling to a rolling temperature range of 113 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and rolling, wherein the final rolling temperature is 780 ℃.
(3) Carrying out solution treatment (980 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 35min) on the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2), and carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature; the vibration frequency of the surface nanocrystallization testing machine is 40Hz, 160 steel balls are used, the diameter of the used stainless steel ball is 9mm, and the time is 20 min.
(4) And (4) annealing the plate obtained in the step (3) for 1.3 hours in vacuum at 780 ℃ to obtain the alloy steel lining plate.
The alloy steel lining plate prepared in the embodiment is subjected to mechanical property test, and has tensile strength of 1245MPa and elongation of 48%.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the alloy steel lining plate specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 960 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 50min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat; the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass of 0.7% of C, 0.68% of Cr, 0.37% of Mo, 0.6% of Ni and Al: 5.5 percent of Mn, 0.9 percent of Ti, 0.70 percent of Si, 0.4 percent of V, less than 0.07 percent of P, less than 0.005 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities.
(2) Carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 73%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank; the hot rolling conditions were: heating the cast ingot to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 60min, cooling to a rolling temperature range of 113 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and rolling, wherein the final rolling temperature is 780 ℃.
(3) And (3) heating the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2) to 980 ℃, and preserving heat for 35min for solution treatment to obtain the alloy steel lining plate.
The alloy steel lining plate prepared in the embodiment is subjected to mechanical property test, and has the tensile strength of 800MPa and the elongation of 47%.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the alloy steel lining plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace according to a certain proportion, carrying out vacuum melting to obtain a metal ingot, demoulding the metal ingot, heating to 950-1000 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 45-60 min, forging the metal ingot into an ingot after the heat preservation is finished, removing an oxide layer and stains, polishing the ingot, and ensuring that the surface is smooth and flat;
(2) carrying out multi-pass hot rolling deformation on the ingot obtained in the step (1), wherein the accumulated deformation is 70-75%, and air cooling to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain an alloy steel blank;
(3) carrying out solution treatment on the alloy steel blank obtained in the step (2), and carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the alloy steel blank subjected to solution treatment in a vacuum environment, wherein the treatment temperature is room temperature;
(4) annealing the plate obtained in the step (3) at 750-800 ℃ for 1-1.5 hours in vacuum;
the alloy steel lining plate comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 0.6-0.8% of C, 0.65-0.70% of Cr, 0.35-0.40% of Mo, 0.5-0.7% of Ni, and Al: 5.0-6 percent of Mn, 0.8-1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6-0.76 percent of Ti, 0.3-0.5 percent of Si, 0.02-0.1 percent of V, less than 0.005 percent of P, less than 0.006 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and residual trace impurities;
the specific process of the hot rolling treatment in the step (2) is as follows: heating the cast ingot to 1180-1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/s, preserving heat for 50-70 min, cooling to a rolling temperature range of 1100-1150 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/s, preserving heat for 5s, and then performing multi-pass rolling at the final rolling temperature of 750-800 ℃;
the conditions of the solution treatment in the step (3) are as follows: keeping the temperature at 950-1000 ℃ for 30-40 min;
and (3) finishing the surface mechanical grinding treatment through a surface nanocrystallization testing machine, wherein the vibration frequency of the surface nanocrystallization testing machine is 30-50 Hz, 150-180 steel balls are used, the diameter of the used stainless steel ball is 8-10 mm, and the time is 15-30 min.
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CN109825756A (en) * 2019-03-11 2019-05-31 昆明理工大学 A kind of preparation method of high-wear-resistant alloy Steel material

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