CN115894088A - Preparation method of ceramic tile, ceramic tile and application of ceramic tile - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic tile, ceramic tile and application of ceramic tile Download PDFInfo
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- CN115894088A CN115894088A CN202211633596.XA CN202211633596A CN115894088A CN 115894088 A CN115894088 A CN 115894088A CN 202211633596 A CN202211633596 A CN 202211633596A CN 115894088 A CN115894088 A CN 115894088A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and discloses a preparation method of a ceramic tile, the ceramic tile and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) Performing ball milling or grinding on the raw materials of the blank layer to prepare upper-layer powder and lower-layer powder; (2) Pressing and forming the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder, and drying to obtain a green body layer; (3) Sequentially applying overglaze, ink and transparent glaze on the green body layer, and firing; (4) applying the bottom slurry to prepare a ceramic tile; in the step (1), the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder have the same composition, and the particle size of the lower layer powder is larger than that of the upper layer powder; in the step (4), the raw material of the bottom slurry comprises magnesium oxide. According to the invention, the upper layer adopts powder with a common particle size and the lower layer adopts powder with a coarse particle size, so that the roughness of the bottom layer of the blank layer is increased, and the bonding strength is further improved. And the concentration of magnesium oxide in the bottom slurry is reduced, so that the thickness of the bottom slurry layer at the bottom of the ceramic tile is reduced, and the bonding strength of the ceramic tile is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a ceramic tile, the ceramic tile and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of economy in China, urban construction is rapidly developed, the decoration of inner and outer walls of a building is commonly used, and accidents such as falling off, hurting people and the like are frequently caused due to the bonding strength, so that the environment attractiveness is influenced, the repair and rework of projects are also caused, and great economic loss is also caused. At present, two methods for improving the bonding strength of the ceramic tile are provided: one method is to coat a layer of cement mortar on the base surface for leveling, then coat tile glue, and then lay and paste tiles. The other method is to arrange concave-convex back grains with certain grooves at the bottom of the ceramic tile, which is helpful for improving the bonding strength. However, the back texture of the ceramic tile is mainly formed by pressing the mold, and because the mold pressing can only be performed in the vertical direction, the texture of the back texture cannot be set arbitrarily due to the limitation of the pressing process, the bonding strength of the paving paste is difficult to increase by changing the shape of the back texture. In addition, the mold opening cost of the mold is high. Therefore, there is a need for a method for preparing ceramic tiles, ceramic tiles and applications thereof, which can solve the problem of low bonding strength of ceramic tiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic tile, the ceramic tile and application thereof.
The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Performing ball milling or grinding on the raw materials of the blank layer to prepare upper-layer powder and lower-layer powder;
(2) Pressing and forming the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder, and drying to obtain a green body layer;
(3) Sequentially applying overglaze, ink and transparent glaze on the green body layer, and firing;
(4) Applying the bottom slurry to prepare a ceramic tile;
in the step (1), the composition of the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder is the same, and the particle size of the lower layer powder is larger than that of the upper layer powder;
in the step (4), the raw material of the bottom slurry comprises magnesium oxide; the concentration of the magnesium oxide is 0.8-1mol/L.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the upper layer powder to the lower layer powder is (6-8): (2-4).
Preferably, in the step (1), the particle size of the upper layer powder is 200-300 meshes, and the screen residue is 0.8-1%; the particle size of the powder material at the lower layer is 50-150 meshes, and the screen residue is 8-13%.
Further preferably, the particle size of the upper layer powder is 230-260 meshes; the grain size of the lower layer powder is 100-140 meshes.
Preferably, in the step (1), the ball milling or grinding time of the upper layer powder is 12-14h, and the ball milling or grinding time of the lower layer powder is 8-10h.
The longer the same green body layer raw material is subjected to ball milling, the smaller the particle size of the powder is, and therefore, in order to obtain the lower layer powder with a coarse particle size, the ball milling time of the lower layer powder needs to be reduced.
Preferably, in the step (2), a press is used for the press forming, and the press is a 3000-5000t press.
Preferably, in the step (3), the overglaze, the ink and the transparent glaze are all in a digital glaze spraying mode.
Preferably, in the step (3), the firing temperature is 1000-1200 ℃ and the time is 45-60min.
Preferably, in the step (4), the concentration of the magnesium oxide is 0.8-0.9mol/L.
Further preferably, in the step (4), the concentration of the magnesium oxide is 0.8 to 0.85mol/L.
The invention provides a ceramic tile, which comprises a body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a transparent glaze layer and a bottom slurry layer from bottom to top in sequence; the green body layer is divided into upper layer powder and lower layer powder.
Preferably, the raw materials of the green body layer comprise, by mass: 45-55 parts of clay, 27-35 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of feldspar, 1-3 parts of talc, 5-8 parts of bauxite, 2-4 parts of bentonite and 0.2-0.6 part of additive.
Preferably, the overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：50-60％、Al 2 O 3 ：25-30％、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.1-0.5％、TiO 2 ：0.1-0.2％、CaO：0.5-1％、MgO：0.5-1％、K 2 O：1-3％、Na 2 O：3-5％、ZrO 2 :4-6% and 3-5% of loss on ignition.
Preferably, the transparent glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：45-58％、Al 2 O 3 ：13-17％、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.1-0.3％、TiO 2 ：0.01-0.05％、CaO：7-10％、MgO：4-6％、K 2 O：3-5％、Na 2 O：1-3％、ZrO 2 :0.3-0.5 percent and ignition loss of 13-16 percent.
A third aspect of the invention provides a use of the ceramic tile in the field of construction.
Preferably, the ceramic tile can be applied to decoration of inner and outer walls of buildings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention divides the blank layer into two layers, the composition of the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder is the same, and the blank is prevented from being layered. Meanwhile, the powder with common particle size is adopted at the upper layer, and the powder with coarse particle size is adopted at the lower layer, so that the roughness of the bottom layer of the blank layer is increased, the bonding area is increased, and the bonding strength is improved. And the concentration of magnesium oxide in the bottom slurry is reduced, so that the thickness of the bottom slurry layer at the bottom of the ceramic tile is reduced, and the bonding strength of the ceramic tile is further improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the overglaze and the transparent glaze adopt Wandao 888 overglaze and 9165 transparent glaze.
Example 1
A preparation method of ceramic tiles and the ceramic tiles.
The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
putting the blank powder into No. 1 and No. 2 ball milling tanks, and performing ball milling respectively for No. 1 ball milling for 14h and No. 2 ball milling for 10h;
sieving, removing iron, spray drying, and sieving again, wherein No. 1 powder is sieved with 250 mesh sieve, and the residue is 0.8-1.0% to obtain upper layer powder; sieving No. 2 powder with 120 mesh sieve to obtain powder of lower layer with 8-13% of residue;
the lower layer of powder is distributed at the bottom of the press, the upper layer of powder is distributed above the lower layer of powder, and the mass ratio of the upper layer of powder to the lower layer of powder is 7: pressing and molding by a press at 3,3000t, and drying to obtain a green body layer;
sequentially applying overglaze, ink-jet printing patterns and transparent glaze on the green body layer in a digital glaze spraying mode, and firing in a 1180 ℃ kiln;
magnesium oxide bottom slurry with the concentration of 0.8mol/L is applied to prepare the ceramic tile.
The ceramic tile prepared by the method sequentially comprises a blank layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a transparent glaze layer and a bottom slurry layer from bottom to top; the blank layer is divided into upper layer powder and lower layer powder; the composition of the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder is the same.
The blank layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 53.5 parts of clay, 28 parts of quartz, 7 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of talc, 5 parts of bauxite, 4 parts of bentonite and 0.5 part of additive.
The overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：56.85％、Al 2 O 3 ：28.78％、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.2％、TiO 2 ：0.1％、CaO：0.82％、MgO：0.53％、K 2 O：1.21％、Na 2 O：3.33％、ZrO 2 :4.56 percent and 3.62 percent of loss on ignition.
The transparent glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 48.38% SiO 2 、16.85％ Al 2 O 3 、0.15％Fe 2 O 3 、0.01％ TiO 2 、9.48％ CaO、5.98％ MgO、3.94％ K 2 O、1.61％ Na 2 O、0.41％ZrO 2 13.19% loss on ignition.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of ceramic tiles and the ceramic tiles. (different from example 1 in that the green sheet of comparative example 1 was not delaminated)
The method of this comparative example, comprising the steps of:
ball-milling the blank powder for 14h, sieving, removing iron, spray-drying, and sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain ceramic powder with the residue of 0.8-1.0%;
distributing ceramic powder, pressing and molding by a 3000t press, and drying to obtain a blank layer;
sequentially applying surface glaze, ink-jet printing patterns and transparent glaze on the green body layer by adopting a digital glaze spraying mode, and firing in a 1180 ℃ kiln;
magnesium oxide bottom slurry with the concentration of 0.8mol/L is applied to prepare the ceramic tile.
The ceramic tile manufactured by the method sequentially comprises a body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a transparent glaze layer and a bottom slurry layer from bottom to top.
The blank layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 53.5 parts of clay, 28 parts of quartz, 7 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of talc, 5 parts of bauxite, 4 parts of bentonite and 0.5 part of additive.
The overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：56.85％、Al 2 O 3 ：28.78％、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.2％、TiO 2 ：0.1％、CaO：0.82％、MgO：0.53％、K 2 O：1.21％、Na 2 O：3.33％、ZrO 2 :4.56 percent and 3.62 percent of loss on ignition.
The transparent glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 48.38% SiO 2 、16.85％ Al 2 O 3 、0.15％Fe 2 O 3 、0.01％ TiO 2 、9.48％ CaO、5.98％ MgO、3.94％ K 2 O、1.61％ Na 2 O、0.41％ZrO 2 13.19% loss on ignition.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of ceramic tiles and the ceramic tiles. (difference from example 1 in that comparative example 2 used a magnesium oxide primer having a higher concentration)
The method of this comparative example, comprising the steps of:
putting the blank powder into No. 1 and No. 2 ball milling tanks, and performing ball milling respectively for No. 1 ball milling for 14h and No. 2 ball milling for 10h;
sieving, removing iron, spray drying, and sieving again, wherein No. 1 powder is sieved with 250 mesh sieve, and the residue is 0.8-1.0% to obtain upper layer powder; sieving No. 2 powder with 120 mesh sieve to obtain powder of lower layer with residue of sieve of 8-13%;
the lower layer of powder is distributed at the bottom of the press, the upper layer of powder is distributed above the lower layer of powder, and the mass ratio of the upper layer of powder to the lower layer of powder is 7: pressing and molding by a 3,3000t press, and drying to obtain a green body layer;
sequentially applying overglaze, ink-jet printing patterns and transparent glaze on the green body layer in a digital glaze spraying mode, and firing in a 1180 ℃ kiln;
magnesium oxide bottom slurry with the concentration of 1.35mol/L is applied to prepare the ceramic tile.
The ceramic tile prepared by the method sequentially comprises a body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer, a transparent glaze layer and a bottom slurry layer from bottom to top; the blank layer is divided into an upper layer powder and a lower layer powder.
The blank layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 53.5 parts of clay, 28 parts of quartz, 7 parts of feldspar, 2 parts of talc, 5 parts of bauxite, 4 parts of bentonite and 0.5 part of additive.
The overglaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO 2 2 ：56.85％、Al 2 O 3 ：28.78％、Fe 2 O 3 ：0.2％、TiO 2 ：0.1％、CaO：0.82％、MgO：0.53％、K 2 O：1.21％、Na 2 O：3.33％、ZrO 2 :4.56 percent and loss on ignition 3.62 percent.
The transparent glaze layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 48.38% SiO 2 、16.85％ Al 2 O 3 、0.15％Fe 2 O 3 、0.01％ TiO 2 、9.48％ CaO、5.98％ MgO、3.94％ K 2 O、1.61％ Na 2 O、0.41％ZrO 2 13.19% loss on ignition.
And (3) effect testing:
samples of the finished ceramic tiles prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for their respective properties, each measured using standard ceramic tiles (GB/T4100-2015), and the bond strengths of the ceramic tiles of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 are reported in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample(s) | Adhesive strength (MPa) of ceramic tile |
| Example 1 | 0.96 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.62 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.83 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramic tiles of example 1 have better bond strength than the ceramic tiles made in comparative examples 1 and 2. Compared with the comparative example 1, the green body layer of the ceramic tile prepared in the example 1 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the roughness of the lower layer of the green body layer is increased by increasing the grain size of the green body powder of the lower layer, so that the bonding area is increased, and the bonding strength is improved. Example 1 compared with comparative example 2, the ceramic tile prepared by example 1 needs to be applied with magnesia primer slurry with the concentration of 0.8mol/L, the ceramic tile prepared by comparative example 2 needs to be applied with magnesia primer slurry with the concentration of 1.35mol/L, the thickness of the primer slurry layer at the bottom of the ceramic tile is controlled by reducing the concentration of the magnesia primer slurry in example 1, and the ceramic tile prepared by comparative example 2 is applied with the magnesia primer slurry with the concentration which is too high, so that the bottom of the ceramic tile is thicker, and the bonding strength of the ceramic tile prepared by comparative example 2 is lower than that of example 1.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the technical solutions, which are made by a person skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention, should be within the protection scope determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing ceramic tiles, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) Performing ball milling or grinding on the raw materials of the blank layer to prepare upper-layer powder and lower-layer powder;
(2) Pressing and forming the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder, and drying to obtain a green body layer;
(3) Sequentially applying surface glaze, ink and transparent glaze on the green body layer, and firing;
(4) Applying the bottom slurry to prepare a ceramic tile;
in the step (1), the upper layer powder and the lower layer powder have the same composition, and the particle size of the lower layer powder is larger than that of the upper layer powder;
in the step (4), the raw material of the bottom slurry comprises magnesium oxide; the concentration of the magnesium oxide is 0.8-1mol/L.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the upper layer powder to the lower layer powder is (6-8): (2-4).
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the particle size of the upper layer powder is 200-300 meshes, and the screen residue is 0.8-1%; the particle size of the powder material at the lower layer is 50-150 meshes, and the screen residue is 8-13%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the time for ball milling or grinding the upper layer powder is 12-14h, and the time for ball milling or grinding the lower layer powder is 8-10h.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the overglaze, the ink and the transparent glaze are all in a digital glaze spraying mode.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the firing is carried out at 1000 to 1200 ℃ for 45 to 60min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the concentration of the magnesium oxide is 0.8-0.9mol/L.
8. The ceramic tile produced by the method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the ceramic tile comprises, from bottom to top, a green body layer, a cover glaze layer, a pattern layer, a transparent glaze layer, and a primer layer; the green body layer is divided into upper layer powder and lower layer powder.
9. The ceramic tile as claimed in claim 8, wherein the raw materials of the green body layer comprise, in parts by mass: 45-55 parts of clay, 27-35 parts of quartz, 6-10 parts of feldspar, 1-3 parts of talc, 5-8 parts of bauxite, 2-4 parts of bentonite and 0.2-0.6 part of additive.
10. Use of the ceramic tiles according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in the field of construction.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117567179A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-water-absorption ceramic tile capable of enhancing ceramic tile bonding strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN117567135A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Double-layer low-water-absorption green brick for enhancing bonding strength of ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117567179A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-water-absorption ceramic tile capable of enhancing ceramic tile bonding strength and preparation method thereof |
| CN117567135A (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-02-20 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Double-layer low-water-absorption green brick for enhancing bonding strength of ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN117567179B (en) * | 2024-01-15 | 2024-04-02 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Low-water-absorption ceramic tile capable of enhancing ceramic tile bonding strength and preparation method thereof |
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