CN115890823B - Automatic control system for log cutting - Google Patents
Automatic control system for log cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN115890823B CN115890823B CN202310229167.4A CN202310229167A CN115890823B CN 115890823 B CN115890823 B CN 115890823B CN 202310229167 A CN202310229167 A CN 202310229167A CN 115890823 B CN115890823 B CN 115890823B
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Abstract
The utility model provides an automatic control system for log cutting, which relates to the control system technology, and structurally comprises a diameter measuring device, a PLC, a servo motor unit and an assembly saw unit; controlling the whole log cutting production process through a PLC; the diameter measuring device measures the diameter of the thinnest part of the log and transmits the diameter to the PLC; the PLC stores a plurality of log cutting schemes, compares the diameter data of the finest part of the log with the log cutting schemes, and calls the corresponding log cutting schemes; the PLC controls the servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the vertical saw group according to the related data in the corresponding log cutting scheme, and the log is cut into a square with the smallest section and the largest square through the vertical saw group, so that log cutting is completed. The method and the device remarkably improve the cutting and processing efficiency of bulk logs and reduce the labor intensity of related staff; the utilization rate of the log edge is greatly improved while the maximum log yield is ensured, and the method has better practicability in the log cutting and processing industry.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to an automatic control system for log cutting.
Background
In general, in the log processing industry, the diameter of a log needs to be measured by a special diameter measuring tool before cutting the log, the diameter measuring tool measures the diameter data of a plurality of transverse surfaces of the log, a plurality of sets of diameter data are output, the plurality of sets of diameter data are averaged, and the average value is the final measured log diameter.
In general, the diameters of two ends of the log are generally different, and the log is divided into a big end and a small end, wherein the small end of the log passes through the diameter measuring tool first and then the big end of the log passes through the diameter measuring tool. The diameter measuring tool measures the diameter of the small head part, and plans the cutting part according to the diameter of the small head part, so that all parts of the log can be cut according to the planning.
When planning the cut according to the measured log diameter, the principle of maximum yield and high side material utilization is followed, and the maximum yield is higher than the high side material utilization. The maximum yield is the maximum number of logs capable of cutting out the target plate, and the edge utilization is the number of edges capable of being cut out at the part other than the target plate. It is clear that the planning of the cut portion according to the diameter of the small end portion of the log is generally not possible to obtain the maximum yield of the log, and is not an optimal solution for log cutting.
In the existing log cutting process, the log diameter is usually measured and calculated firstly to make a log cutting plan, then the saw width is adjusted by single input data to perform the next cutting action on the log, and when a large quantity of logs need to be cut for multiple times, the saw width is adjusted by multiple input data. Thus, the whole log cutting process depends on manual operation to a great extent, log cutting efficiency is greatly affected, and production work efficiency is correspondingly limited; meanwhile, the labor intensity of field operators is increased, the production automation is not facilitated, and the cutting accuracy of the determined target plate can be affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to accurately cut logs into target boards at high speeds, an automated control system for log cutting is provided.
The utility model provides an automatic control system for log cutting, which structurally comprises a diameter measuring device, a PLC, a servo motor unit and a saw unit; the diameter measuring device is used for measuring the diameter of the log, and the PLC is used for controlling the whole log cutting production process; the diameter measuring device is electrically connected to the PLC and transmits diameter data of the finest part of the log to the PLC; the PLC compares diameter data of the finest part of the log with the stored log cutting schemes, and invokes the corresponding log cutting schemes to obtain corresponding multiple groups of saw widths, and generates an adjustment instruction according to the saw width data;
the PLC is connected with a servo motor unit, and the servo motor unit is connected with a vertical saw control unit; the PLC controls the servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the corresponding vertical saw group according to the adjusting instruction, and the vertical saw group cuts the log into a square with the section of the thinnest part and the largest square, so that the cutting processing of the log is completed.
Preferably, the PLC includes a memory for storing a log cutting protocol database; the log cutting plan database contains a plurality of log cutting plans and specific saw width data thereof.
Preferably, the log cutting schemes are pre-established based on the diameter data of the finest part of a large number of logs and different types of target board sizes, and each log cutting scheme is matched to an optimal cutting scheme of all logs within a certain diameter range.
Preferably, the log cutting scheme is formulated according to the log with the smallest diameter in the log diameter range, the log with the smallest diameter is cut into a square with the smallest part cross section taking the largest square, and the side length of the largest square of the log is the opening size of the innermost vertical saw group.
Preferably, the log cutting scheme is used for regular logs with a log cross section of a near circular shape, while being used for irregular logs with a log cross section of an irregular shape; for irregular logs, the number of vertical saw sets for cutting the left and right sides of the logs is inconsistent with the number of vertical saw sets for cutting the lower sides.
Preferably, the PLC acquires diameter data of the finest part of the raw wood, and compares the diameter data with a plurality of raw wood diameter ranges in the database to acquire a raw wood cutting scheme corresponding to the raw wood; the PLC invokes a corresponding log cutting scheme to obtain a corresponding plurality of groups of saw widths, and generates an adjustment instruction according to saw width data; and the PLC controls the servo motor to adjust the opening size of the corresponding vertical saw group according to the adjusting instruction.
Preferably, the servo motor unit is provided with a first servo motor unit and a second servo motor unit, and the vertical saw unit is provided with a first vertical saw unit and a second vertical saw unit; the first servo motor unit is connected with and controls the first vertical saw unit to cut the left side and the right side of the log, and the second servo motor unit is connected with and controls the second vertical saw unit to cut the upper side and the lower side of the log.
Preferably, the PLC receives diameter data of the thinnest part of the log, then invokes corresponding log cutting scheme data, controls the first servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the first vertical saw group according to corresponding adjusting instructions, and cuts the left side and the right side of the log through the first vertical saw group;
and the PLC calls corresponding log cutting scheme data, controls the second servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the second vertical saw group according to the corresponding adjustment instruction, and cuts the upper side and the lower side of the log through the second vertical saw group.
Preferably, the first vertical saw set and the second vertical saw set each adopt at least one pair of opposite saw sets.
Preferably, the raw wood edge material cutting portion in the raw wood cutting scheme: obtaining a maximum square from the thinnest section of the log, calculating a distance value parallel to the side length of the square from the center of the thinnest section of the log to the side edge of the log, calculating a distance value from the center of the thinnest section of the log to the side length of the square, dividing the difference value of the two values by the thickness dimension of a target plate to obtain the number of plates for cutting the side material into the target plate, and determining the number of the used vertical saw groups; the difference cannot divide the thickness dimension of the target plate, the distance between every two adjacent vertical saws is adjusted to be a preset value, and the preset value is the thickness dimension of different target plates.
In summary, the automatic control system for log cutting has the following beneficial effects: through introducing the PLC, the whole log cutting production flow is automatically controlled; the maximum yield of the raw wood is ensured, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the edge materials of the raw wood is greatly improved; the cutting scheme is not required to be formulated once for batch logs, the opening size of the vertical saw set is not required to be adjusted by once inputting data, the batch log cutting production time is greatly saved, the log processing efficiency is remarkably improved, the labor intensity of related staff is reduced, and the method has good practicability in log cutting processing.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional cut of the finest part of the log.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and the embodiment. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
The application provides an automatic control system for log cutting, which introduces a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller ) into the automatic control system for controlling the whole log cutting production flow, wherein a plurality of log cutting schemes are stored in the PLC, and specified logs can be cut according to the pre-established log cutting schemes through the PLC, so that a good log cutting effect is obtained, and the maximum log yield and the high side material utilization rate are met; meanwhile, automatic cutting can be realized on a large quantity of logs, and the processing efficiency of the logs in batches is greatly improved.
The PLC is a digital operation controller having a microprocessor, which is specially applied to an industrial environment, in which instructions for performing operations such as logic operation, sequence control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operation are stored, and various types of mechanical devices or production processes are controlled through digital or analog input and output.
The automatic control system for log cutting structurally comprises a diameter measuring device, a PLC, a servo motor unit and a saw unit; the diameter measuring device is used for measuring the diameter of the log, is electrically connected to the PLC and transmits diameter data of the thinnest part of the log to the PLC; a plurality of log cutting schemes are stored in the PLC, the diameter data of the finest part of the log is compared with the stored log cutting schemes by the PLC, and the corresponding log cutting scheme is called;
the PLC is connected with the servo motor unit, and the servo motor unit is connected with the vertical saw control unit; the PLC controls the servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the vertical saw group according to the related data in the corresponding log cutting scheme, and the vertical saw group cuts the log into a square with the section of the thinnest part to obtain the largest square, so that the cutting processing of the log is completed, and the log obtains the optimal cutting effect of the largest yield.
The servo motor is an engine for controlling mechanical elements to run in a servo system, and can convert voltage signals into torque and rotating speed to drive a control object; the rotation speed of the rotor of the servo motor is controlled by an input signal, can quickly respond, is used as an executing element in an automatic control system, and can convert a received electric signal into angular displacement or angular speed on the motor shaft to be output.
Example 1
Example 1 is one embodiment of an automated control system for log cutting of the present application, and one embodiment of a PLC in the automated control system is presented, the scope of protection of the present application including but not limited to this embodiment.
The automatic control system for log cutting of embodiment 1, the PLC has a microprocessor capable of loading control instructions into a memory at any time for storage and execution, and the structure of the automatic control system comprises a memory for storing a log cutting scheme database; the log cutting plan database contains a plurality of log cutting plans and specific saw width data thereof.
These log cutting schemes can be matched to an optimal cutting plan for different logs so that each log achieves an optimal cutting effect. These log cutting schemes are pre-established based on the diameter data of the finest part of a large number of logs and different types of target board sizes, and each log cutting scheme can be matched with the cutting scheme of all logs within a certain diameter range. The target plate may be square at the end face of the maximum yield, or may be a plate-shaped wood of a predetermined thickness.
The log can be generally divided into a large diameter wood (more than 60 cm), a large diameter wood (40-58 cm), a medium diameter wood (30-38 cm), a small diameter wood (20-28 cm) and a small diameter wood (less than 18 cm) according to the diameter. The specific operation of formulating each type of log cutting plan is as follows: matching a plurality of logs with the diameter of the thinnest part of the logs within a certain range with the same log cutting scheme, for example, the diameter of the thinnest part of the medium diameter wood 1 is 30 cm, the diameter of the thinnest part of the medium diameter wood 2 is 31 cm, the diameter of the thinnest part of the medium diameter wood 3 is 32 cm, the diameter of the thinnest part of the medium diameter wood 4 is 33 cm and the like; matching logs with the diameter of the thinnest part between 30 cm and 33 cm to the same log cutting scheme, wherein the log cutting scheme is formulated according to logs with the smallest diameter in the diameter range, ensuring that the logs are cut into squares with the largest square cross section, and determining that the side length of the largest square of the logs is the opening size of the innermost vertical saw group.
The log cutting and formulating scheme is suitable for regular logs with a log cross section of nearly circular shape and also suitable for irregular logs with a log cross section of irregular shape (such as ellipse, etc.); the diameter range of the log corresponding to each log cutting scheme can be defined according to specific conditions (such as manufacturer requirements, target plate thickness and the like); meanwhile, for irregular logs, the number of vertical saw groups for cutting the left side and the right side of the logs is possibly different from that of vertical saw groups for cutting the lower side because the left-right length and the up-down length of the cross section of the logs are inconsistent.
When the log is fixed in length and then put on a feeding conveying line by a log grabbing machine, and the log passes through a step of a diameter measuring device, diameter data of the finest part of the log is detected by the diameter measuring device and transmitted to a PLC; the PLC compares the diameter data of the finest part of the log with a plurality of log diameter ranges in a database (which diameter range the diameter falls into) to obtain a log cutting scheme corresponding to the log; the PLC invokes the log corresponding to the log cutting scheme to obtain corresponding multiple groups of saw widths, generates an adjustment instruction according to the saw width data, and controls a servo motor to adjust the opening size (saw width) of the corresponding vertical saw group according to the adjustment instruction so as to facilitate the log to perform optimal cutting operation through the vertical saw group; after log cutting is completed and the next processing link is entered, the next log is transmitted to the cutting station, the PLC directly invokes the next log to correspond to the log cutting scheme, and the opening size of the servo motor group to the opposite saw group is controlled to be adjusted again according to the adjusting instruction.
When the automatic control system for log cutting in the embodiment 1 is used for cutting logs, a log cutting scheme does not need to be independently formulated, so that log cutting processing time is saved; especially, cutting processing is carried out on a large quantity of logs, a cutting scheme is not required to be formulated once, the opening size of the vertical saw set is not required to be adjusted by inputting data once, the cutting production time of the large quantity of logs is greatly saved, and the log processing efficiency is remarkably improved.
Example 2
Example 2 is one embodiment of an automated control system for log cutting of the present application, and one embodiment of a neutral saw set in an automated control system is presented, the scope of protection of the present application including but not limited to this embodiment.
An automatic control system for log cutting in embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1, wherein the servo motor group is provided with a first servo motor group and a second servo motor group, and the vertical saw group is provided with a first vertical saw group and a second vertical saw group; the first servo motor unit is connected with and controls the first vertical saw unit to be used for cutting the left side and the right side of the log, and the second servo motor unit is connected with and controls the second vertical saw unit to be used for cutting the upper side and the lower side of the log.
Using the automatic control system for log cutting in embodiment 2, after log passes through the diameter measuring device, the diameter measuring device transmits diameter data of the finest part of log to the PLC, the PLC receives the diameter data of the finest part of log and then invokes corresponding log cutting scheme data, and controls the first servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the first vertical saw group according to corresponding adjustment instructions, so that the left side and the right side of log are cut through the first vertical saw group;
after that, the log enters the second vertical saw set cutting device, the PLC calls corresponding log cutting scheme data, the second servo motor set is controlled to adjust the opening size of the second vertical saw set according to the corresponding adjusting instruction, and the upper side and the lower side of the log are cut through the second vertical saw set.
The automatic control system for log cutting in embodiment 2 performs left-right side cutting and upper-lower side cutting on logs without additionally inputting log diameter data, so that the logs can be completely and automatically cut, and the log cutting time is effectively shortened; meanwhile, the log is ensured to be cut and planned better, and the maximum yield of log cutting is effectively improved.
Example 3
Example 3 is one embodiment of an automated control system for log cutting of the present application, one embodiment of the set of vertical saws based on example 2, the scope of protection of the present application includes but is not limited to this embodiment.
Example 3 automated control of log cutting the first and second sets of saws can employ a plurality of saws, such as one pair, two pairs or three pairs, and are within the scope of the present application. And the number of the vertical saws adopted by the first vertical saw set and the second vertical saw set may be different, according to the actual situation of the log and the cutting planning of the edge materials.
In actual log cutting production, taking three pairs of saw sets as an example for the first vertical saw set and the second vertical saw set, three sets of cutting are respectively carried out on the left side, the right side, the upper side and the lower side of the log to formulate a plurality of log cutting schemes in the PLC memory; as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic drawing of cutting the cross section of the thinnest part of the log, the first vertical saw set and the second vertical saw set respectively cut the left side, the right side, the upper side and the lower side of the log, and two symmetrical sides are provided with a set of vertical saw cutting; the automatic control system respectively controls and uses three pairs of saw groups on the left side, the right side, the upper side and the lower side of the log, firstly, the diameter of the thinnest part of the log is measured through the diameter measuring device, the optimal log cutting scheme is matched by the PLC, the opening size of the vertical saw group is adjusted by calling data, the end face of the thinnest part of the log is in a maximum square shape, the maximum yield of the log is ensured, the utilization rate of the edge material of the log is greatly improved, and the automatic control system has good practicability in log cutting processing.
The cutting scheme for log edge material operates as follows: obtaining a maximum square on the finest section of the log, calculating a distance value parallel to the side length of the square from the center of the finest section of the log to the side edge of the log, calculating a distance value from the center of the finest section of the log to the side length of the square, dividing the difference value (the maximum thickness of the side material) of the two values by the thickness dimension of the target plate to obtain a target plate which can be cut into a plurality of side materials, and further determining the number of the used vertical saw groups; when the difference cannot divide the thickness dimension of the target plate, the distance between every two adjacent vertical saws is adjusted to be a preset value, and the preset values are all the thickness dimensions of different target plates.
When the raw wood edge material is cut, saw roads among all target plates are considered, namely a certain gap is arranged between every two adjacent plates, so that the wood consumption generated by cutting the edge material later is ensured not to influence the size of the target plates. By adopting the log cutting device, automatic operation of log cutting can be realized to a great extent, manual participation is greatly reduced in the whole log cutting process, the production efficiency of log cutting can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the labor intensity of related staff is reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the application, in any way, including the abstract and drawings, in which case any feature disclosed in this specification (including any equivalents, unless specifically stated otherwise) may be substituted for other features shown as substitution for those having similar purposes. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Claims (5)
1. An automated control system for log cutting, characterized by: the structure of the device comprises a diameter measuring device, a PLC, a servo motor unit and a saw unit; the diameter measuring device is used for measuring the diameter of the log, and the PLC is used for controlling the whole log cutting production process; the diameter measuring device is electrically connected to the PLC and transmits diameter data of the finest part of the log to the PLC; the PLC compares diameter data of the finest part of the log with the stored log cutting schemes, and invokes the corresponding log cutting schemes to obtain corresponding multiple groups of saw widths, and generates an adjustment instruction according to the saw width data;
the PLC is connected with a servo motor unit, and the servo motor unit is connected with a vertical saw control unit; the PLC controls the servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the corresponding vertical saw group according to the adjusting instruction, and the vertical saw group cuts the log into a square with the section of the thinnest part and the largest square, so that the cutting processing of the log is completed;
the log cutting scheme is used for regular logs with a log cross section of a nearly circular shape, and is used for irregular logs with a log cross section of an irregular shape; aiming at irregular logs, the number of vertical saw groups for cutting the left side and the right side of the logs is inconsistent with the number of vertical saw groups for cutting the lower side;
in the log cutting scheme, a log edge material cutting part is arranged in the log, the log thinnest section obtains a maximum square, the edge material cutting part is a log part outside the maximum square in the log, the distance value parallel to the square side length from the center of the log thinnest section to the log side edge is calculated, the distance value from the center of the log thinnest section to the square side length is calculated, the difference value of the two values is divided by the thickness dimension of a target plate to obtain the number of cut edge materials into the target plate, and the number of used vertical saw groups is determined; the thickness dimension of the target plate cannot be divided by the difference value, the distance between every two adjacent vertical saws is adjusted to be a preset value, and the preset value is the thickness dimension of different target plates;
the PLC comprises a memory for storing a log cutting scheme database; the log cutting scheme database comprises a plurality of log cutting schemes and specific saw width data thereof;
the log cutting schemes are pre-formulated based on the diameter data of the finest part of a large number of logs and different types of target board sizes, and each log cutting scheme is matched to the optimal cutting scheme of all logs within a certain diameter range.
2. The automated control system of claim 1, wherein: the log cutting scheme is formulated according to the log with the smallest diameter in the log diameter range, the log with the smallest diameter is cut into a square with the smallest part cross section taking the largest square, and the side length of the largest square of the log is the opening size of the innermost vertical saw set.
3. The automated control system of claim 1, wherein: the servo motor unit is provided with a first servo motor unit and a second servo motor unit, and the vertical saw unit is provided with a first vertical saw unit and a second vertical saw unit; the first servo motor unit is connected with and controls the first vertical saw unit to cut the left side and the right side of the log, and the second servo motor unit is connected with and controls the second vertical saw unit to cut the upper side and the lower side of the log.
4. An automated control system according to claim 3, wherein: the PLC receives diameter data of the finest part of the log, then invokes corresponding log cutting scheme data, controls the first servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the first vertical saw group according to corresponding adjusting instructions, and cuts the left side and the right side of the log through the first vertical saw group; and the PLC calls corresponding log cutting scheme data, controls the second servo motor group to adjust the opening size of the second vertical saw group according to the corresponding adjustment instruction, and cuts the upper side and the lower side of the log through the second vertical saw group.
5. The automated control system of claim 4, wherein: the first vertical saw set and the second vertical saw set adopt at least one pair of opposite saw sets.
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| CN202310229167.4A CN115890823B (en) | 2023-03-10 | 2023-03-10 | Automatic control system for log cutting |
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| CN202310229167.4A CN115890823B (en) | 2023-03-10 | 2023-03-10 | Automatic control system for log cutting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4337810A (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1982-07-06 | Otto Kreibaum | Method of producing cut timber from round timber |
| DE102013103167A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | PerfectPattern GmbH | Method and device for producing sawn wood from raw wood |
| CN205735397U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-30 | 张振峰 | A kind of full-automatic processing machine of log |
| CN107957244B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2024-02-06 | 东莞市富宝家居集团有限公司 | Automatic log structural member processing method and automatic log processing equipment |
| CN114179173B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-07-12 | 青岛美嘉隆包装机械有限公司 | Intelligent sawing machine for logs with different sizes and processing method |
| CN217648547U (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 严昊昕 | Log cuts letter sorting and goes into basket assembly line |
| CN115503058B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-09-19 | 苏州木光网络科技有限公司 | Log cutting robot and method based on image processing |
| CN115615862A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-17 | 南京林业大学 | Forest branch straight line cutting capability test device |
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