CN101859130A - Numerical control machining method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction - Google Patents
Numerical control machining method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN101859130A CN101859130A CN 201010206293 CN201010206293A CN101859130A CN 101859130 A CN101859130 A CN 101859130A CN 201010206293 CN201010206293 CN 201010206293 CN 201010206293 A CN201010206293 A CN 201010206293A CN 101859130 A CN101859130 A CN 101859130A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control machining method of a practical cutter shaft direction deviating from a programming cutter shaft direction. In the numerical control machining method, a sphere mill is served as a processing cutter; the angle deviation of the practical cutter shaft direction deviating from the programming cutter shaft direction is determined; the practical cutter shaft is correspondingly provided with a practical cutter, and the programming cutter shaft is correspondingly provided with a programming cutter. The method comprises a tool setting step, a tool setting point in the tool setting step is the blade position of the practical cutter, which corresponds to the theoretical tool nose of the programming cutter. By using the invention, the problems that a common numerical control machine tool can not realize automatic turning processing coordinate system compensation when the spindle turns-around, the turning precision is uncorrected or regulated by manpower, and the inclined practical processing cutter shaft direction and the cutter shaft direction for a programming theory have errors; the existing conditions of machine tools and cutters are fully utilized; the existing hardware resources are furthest performed and utilized; parts which can not be processed before can be processed; and cost is lowered, and development period is shorted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of profile being carried out digital control processing with the ball cutter.
Background technology
Mill processing for the space curved surface number, no matter be the stationary shaft milling occasion that cutter axis orientation does not change, still tool orientation is in four, five and the milling occasion of multiaxis of the continuous variation of locus, and the direction of the cutter shaft of actual processing is to be consistent with the cutter axis orientation of program design.In automobile diel processing, generally use the numerical control machine tool of 3+2 axle, when adopting stationary shaft mode ball cutter processing profile, for following certain situation, the actual machine direction and the inconsistent situation of programming that occur cutter shaft sometimes: the one, be subjected to the restriction of the performance of lathe own, resemble lathe earlier, main tapping own can be rotated or change and reverse end for end to process, but angle precision can't accurately guarantee, deviation can occur; The 2nd, though lathe can be finished the accurate location of cutter shaft, but actual processing site is subjected to the influence of lathe replacing, cutter length, operating personnel's technology experience, meeting is turned according to actual conditions and the inconsistent cutter axis orientation of programming is processed, thereby causes the cutter axis orientation of actual processing and the cutter axis orientation deviation of programming.
The solution that the problems referred to above are traditional:
(1), can not realize automatic compensation, the tune unwarrantable numerical control machine tool of precision for tune and part that must tune processing, can only carry out cooperation processing, utilize equipment and processing resource in the society to finish processing, increase cost of development and product development cycle.
(2), can realize compensation automatically, the guaranteed lathe of tune precision for tune, when the production scene is subjected to cutter, processing technology requirement need adjust the cutter shaft method of programming, program design department must regroup job sequence by the workshop requirement, cause work repeatedly, lose time and energy, incur loss through delay process time.
And there is the numerically-controlled machine before a large amount of more than ten years in China, how to utilize new process, gives full play to the performance and the processing potentiality of these lathes, brings more benefit to enterprise, and being needs the problem that solves.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provide a kind of can effectively solve the tune of general NC machine tool chief axis the time can not realize reversing end for end automatically the compensation of machining coordinate system, the tune precision is inaccurate or by manually pulling adjustment, there are the numerical-control processing method of the practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction of error problem in the actual processing cutter axis orientation after the inclination and the cutter axis orientation of the theoretical usefulness of programming.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: the numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction, described numerical-control processing method adopts the ball cutter as process tool, determine that described actual cutter axis orientation departs from the angular deviation of described programming cutter axis orientation, described actual cutter shaft is to there being actual cutter, described programming cutter shaft is to there being the programming cutter, comprise the tool setting step, the tool setting point in the described tool setting step is the blade position of the actual cutter of the theoretical point of a knife correspondence of programming cutter.
As optimized technical scheme, the step of determining described angular deviation (δ) comprises: determine the contact point that cutter and workpiece to be machined may bump and interfere, determine that according to the contact point of determining angular deviation (δ) allows span, described angular deviation is the angle between planar actual processing cutter axis orientation and the programming cutter axis orientation, and step is as follows:
By: h+ Δ≤H;
H＝R[1-sin(α+δ)]；
: β=α+δ≤arcsin[1-(h+/Δ)/R];
Wherein,
α: the angle of the axis of ordinates on the plane of programming cutter axis orientation and generation angular deviation;
R: ball cutter radius;
H: the contact point that interferes is to the distance of ball cutter minimum point (K);
H: the distance of ball cutter minimum point (K) is arrived at the point of contact that ball cutter hemispherical portion and straight blade divide;
Δ: the safe length of setting;
β: the angle of actual processing cutter shaft and vertical direction.
As optimized technical scheme, described safe length (Δ) is not less than 3mm.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction, described numerical-control processing method adopts the ball cutter as process tool, determine that described actual cutter axis orientation departs from the angular deviation of described programming cutter axis orientation, described actual cutter shaft is to there being actual cutter, described programming cutter shaft comprises the tool setting step to the programming cutter should be arranged, and the tool setting point in the described tool setting step is the blade position of the actual cutter of the theoretical point of a knife correspondence of programming cutter; Efficiently solve and to realize reversing end for end automatically the compensation of machining coordinate system when the general NC machine tool chief axis is reversed end for end, the tune precision is inaccurate or by manually pulling adjustment, there is error problem in actual processing cutter axis orientation after the inclination with the cutter axis orientation of the theoretical usefulness of programming, made full use of lathe, the existence conditions of cutter, the site operation personnel is according to the parts machining process requirement, realize the processing of workpiece by this method, the dirigibility and the convenience of execute-in-place have been increased, can maximum bring into play simultaneously, utilized the existing hardware resource, the part that originally can't process is realized processing, reduced cost, shorten the construction cycle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a centering tool setting synoptic diagram in the tool setting step of the present invention;
Fig. 2 programmes cutter axis orientation perpendicular to abscissa axis direction centering tool setting synoptic diagram in the tool setting step of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that actual processing cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction produces interference situations analysis synoptic diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an analysis synoptic diagram of determining angular deviation (δ) step among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the tune processing cutter shaft segmental machining synoptic diagram that tilts repeatedly among the present invention.
Embodiment
The numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction, described numerical-control processing method adopts the ball cutter as process tool, determine that described actual cutter axis orientation departs from the angular deviation of described programming cutter axis orientation, described actual cutter shaft is to there being actual cutter, described programming cutter shaft is to there being the programming cutter, comprise the tool setting step, tool setting point in the described tool setting step is the blade position of the actual cutter of the theoretical point of a knife correspondence of programming cutter, utilize the geometrical property of ball cutter head portion for hemisphere, the contact point B that guarantees ball cutter and processed profile remains unchanged, guarantee the correctness of processing, when solving the main shaft of numerical control machine tool tune, there is the problem of error in the cutter axis orientation of actual processing cutter axis orientation after the inclination and the theoretical usefulness of programming, described angular deviation may be created in the XZ plane of machining coordinate system, also may be in other plane, in the following XZ plane that occurs in machining coordinate system with angular deviation is that example describes, and it is that situation in the plane can in like manner convert and operate that angular deviation occurs in other machining coordinate.
The step of determining described angular deviation δ comprises, determine the contact point S that cutter and workpiece to be machined may bump and interfere, because actual processing cutter axis orientation and programming cutter axis orientation angulation deviation δ, can cause knife bar to the close phenomenon of a side profile, if on this side profile the tangent line of arbitrfary point with pull after cutter shaft do not form negative angle, cutter adds by adjusted angle does not worry that cutter can run into workpiece man-hour.If after adjusting actual processing cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction, when causing profile to form negative angle with actual processing cutter shaft, cutter can collide with profile moving to a certain position.
As shown in Figure 3, if the profile at curved surface tangent line ab place is when having processing negative angle θ with the programming cutter shaft, CAM software can be according to the cutter axis orientation of programmed settings, when ball cutter bottom contact profile, programming software calculates the interference and collision contact point S of cutter and negative angle place profile automatically, thereby dodge, prevented to cut processing.But when the adjustment of cutter shaft is carried out at the scene, when making actual processing cutter shaft not meet the programming cutter shaft, if exist the tangential direction of profile to become negative angle θ ' time with the cutter shaft machine direction near this side of processed profile in knife bar trend, in this zone, when depth of cavity is higher than the point of contact J of ball cutter hemispherical portion and straight blade point, the interference of serious cutter and workpiece then can take place, i.e. shadow region among Fig. 3, this is unallowed.
Therefore, mill in the profile with the ball cutter is imitative, the restriction of having ready conditions of actual processing cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction will analyze the profile shape, and related geometric parameter of programming process tool is calculated comparison.Guaranteeing under the situation of process safety, under the situation of existing resource and manufacturability requirement, flexible realization processing scheme.As Fig. 4, the programming cutter shaft becomes the α angle with the Z change in coordinate axis direction, and there are the deviation at δ angle in actual processing cutter shaft and programming cutter shaft, analyzes and finds that there are processing negative angle θ ' in tangent line ab place profile and reality processing cutter shaft, and then angular deviation δ allows span to satisfy:
h+Δ≤H；
Concrete steps are as follows:
By: h+ Δ≤H;
H＝R[1-sin(α+δ)]；
: β=α+δ≤arcsin[1-(h+ Δ)/R];
Wherein,
α: the angle of programming cutter axis orientation and Z change in coordinate axis direction;
R: ball cutter radius;
H: the contact point that interferes is to the distance of ball cutter minimum point K;
H: the distance of ball cutter minimum point K is arrived at the point of contact that ball cutter hemispherical portion and straight blade divide;
Δ: the safe length of setting, described safe length Δ equals 3mm;
β: the angle of actual processing cutter shaft and vertical direction.
It should be noted that above-mentioned analysis and judgement, on all directions cross section that cutter shaft deflection impacts, all will carry out that the safe length Δ will guarantee to satisfy safety requirements on the most serious direction.
For when the h＞H, be not allow actual processing cutter axis orientation and programming cutter axis orientation to have deviation, can not realize processing scheme by above-mentioned countermeasure.If processed profile exists similar die cavity to rise and fall seldom, and need really in the practical operation to finish processing by this solution, can take the mode of segmental machining, as shown in Figure 5, change back processing II-III segment type face by above-mentioned tactful cutter shaft to a lateral deviation, and guarantee that the profile of certain safe distance I-II section can make cutter shaft realize processing to another skew back.
Described tool setting step specifically comprises, gets in angular deviation δ allows span and decides angular deviation δ value, and tool setting point is the blade position of the actual cutter of the theoretical point of a knife A correspondence of programming cutter.In the actual as shown in Figure 1 processing, actual processing cutter axis orientation and programming cutter axis orientation certain angle δ that in the XZ plane, tilts.After the inclination, the point of a knife point of ball cutter on cutter axis orientation is A ' point, because the cutter axis orientation during programming is a vertical direction, the program of its output is the coordinate data of point of a knife point A, utilizing cutter processing head is the geometrical property of hemisphere, as long as when coordinate system is determined in tool setting, point of a knife point A tool setting on the cutter axis orientation when cutter after the actual tilt is still pressed the programming of ball cutter, rather than with A ' some tool setting, the contact point B that just can guarantee ball cutter and processed profile remains unchanged, thereby guarantee the correctness of processing, so just realized with the vertical cutter shaft programming of ball cutter, the profile processing of inclination cutter shaft; As shown in Figure 2 in the reality processing, the programming cutter axis orientation is not a vertical direction, there are the situation of angle α in programming cutter axis orientation and Z change in coordinate axis direction, utilizing cutter processing head too is the geometrical property of hemisphere, when coordinate system is determined in tool setting, the cutter after the actual tilt is still pressed point of a knife point A tool setting on the ball cutter cutter axis orientation in when programming, rather than with A ' some tool setting, remain unchanged in order to the contact point B that guarantees ball cutter and processed profile, guarantee the correctness of processing.
As shown in Figure 2, carrying out setting ball cutter minimum point K when machining coordinate system finds accurately according to the position data of the ball head knife cusp A on the programming cutter axis orientation is calculating reference point, then:
X
A＝X
k+Rsinα；
Z
A＝Z
k+R(1-cosα)；
Wherein,
X
A: the X coordinate figure that A is ordered;
Z
A: the Z coordinate figure that A is ordered;
X
k: the X coordinate figure that K is ordered;
Z
k: the Z coordinate figure that K is ordered;
R: ball cutter radius.
Again verify tool setting after turning cutter shaft, the M point converts for checking tool setting point on the setting ball cutter hemispherical portion:
X
A＝X
M-R(1-sinα)；
Wherein,
X
A: the horizontal ordinate that A is ordered;
X
M: the horizontal ordinate that M is ordered;
R: ball cutter radius;
α: the angle of the axis of ordinates on the plane of programming cutter axis orientation and generation angular deviation.
In the procedure of processing after finishing the tool setting step, use the RTCP function of lathe to process, pivot distance and tool length are set in machine tool control system, described tool length is the length to bulb bottom point of a knife.
In determining the step of described angular deviation δ, find the interference that can not bump of cutter and workpiece to be machined, can carry out following procedure of processing, described procedure of processing comprises the RTCP function that activates machine tool controller, when using cutter shaft orientation, RTCP function setting location, the tool length of input system is the length to the bulb centre of sphere, can realize that so actual processing cutter axis orientation and programming cutter axis orientation tilt processing and do not need the CAM reprogramming.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
All from the present invention is to devise, the structure conversion of having done without creative work all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction, described numerical-control processing method adopts the ball cutter as process tool, determine that described actual cutter axis orientation departs from the angular deviation of described programming cutter axis orientation, described actual cutter shaft is to there being actual cutter, described programming cutter shaft is to there being the programming cutter, comprise the tool setting step, it is characterized in that the tool setting point in the described tool setting step is the blade position of the actual cutter of the theoretical point of a knife correspondence of programming cutter.
2. the numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step of determining described angular deviation (δ) comprises: determine the contact point that cutter and workpiece to be machined may bump and interfere, determine that according to the contact point of determining angular deviation (δ) allows span, described angular deviation is the angle between planar actual processing cutter axis orientation and the programming cutter axis orientation, and step is as follows:
By: h+ Δ≤H;
H＝R[1-sin(α+δ)]；
: β=α+δ≤arcsin[1-(h+ Δ)/R];
Wherein,
α: the angle of the axis of ordinates on the plane of programming cutter axis orientation and generation angular deviation;
R: ball cutter radius;
H: the contact point that interferes is to the distance of ball cutter minimum point (K);
H: the distance of ball cutter minimum point (K) is arrived at the point of contact that ball cutter hemispherical portion and straight blade divide;
Δ: the safe length of setting;
β: the angle of actual processing cutter shaft and vertical direction.
3. the numerical-control processing method of practical cutter shaft direction deviating from programming cutter shaft direction as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described safe length (Δ) is not less than 3mm.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102566508A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-11 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for computing tool track touch line in numerical control machining of plane contour of aircraft complicated structure |
| CN106239368A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of complex contour curve Grinding Error in situ detection apparatus and method |
| CN106853598A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-16 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of cylinder emery wheel curve surface grinding method of virtual ball knife radius |
| CN107870604A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-03 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical control device |
| CN109877396A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of spiral bevel gear tooth top tip relief method |
| CN110456730A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-15 | 上海拓璞数控科技股份有限公司 | Collision avoidance system and method for double five axis mirror images milling equipment |
| CN110928234A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Use method of universal angle milling head |
| CN111008445A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Cutter shaft determination method for milling fixed shaft of closed type integral blade ring cavity |
| CN115599043A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-01-13 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司（Cn） | Method and device for improving machining precision of five-axis machine tool |
-
2010
- 2010-06-23 CN CN 201010206293 patent/CN101859130A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 《模具技术》 20081231 王存第 编程与实际加工在刀轴矢量上偏差的策略 第46-49页 1-3 , 第04期 2 * |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102566508B (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2014-04-09 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for computing tool track touch line in numerical control machining of plane contour of aircraft complicated structure |
| CN102566508A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-11 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for computing tool track touch line in numerical control machining of plane contour of aircraft complicated structure |
| CN106853598A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-16 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of cylinder emery wheel curve surface grinding method of virtual ball knife radius |
| CN106239368A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of complex contour curve Grinding Error in situ detection apparatus and method |
| CN107870604B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2022-02-25 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical controller |
| CN107870604A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-03 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical control device |
| CN109877396A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of spiral bevel gear tooth top tip relief method |
| CN110456730A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-15 | 上海拓璞数控科技股份有限公司 | Collision avoidance system and method for double five axis mirror images milling equipment |
| CN110456730B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-05-11 | 上海拓璞数控科技股份有限公司 | Anti-collision system and method for double five-axis mirror milling equipment |
| CN110928234A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Use method of universal angle milling head |
| CN111008445A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Cutter shaft determination method for milling fixed shaft of closed type integral blade ring cavity |
| CN111008445B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-07-18 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Cutter shaft determination method for milling closed type integral vane ring cavity fixed shaft |
| CN115599043A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-01-13 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司（Cn） | Method and device for improving machining precision of five-axis machine tool |
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Open date: 20101013 |