CN115884343B - High-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on directional multi-beam antenna - Google Patents
High-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on directional multi-beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115884343B CN115884343B CN202310125835.9A CN202310125835A CN115884343B CN 115884343 B CN115884343 B CN 115884343B CN 202310125835 A CN202310125835 A CN 202310125835A CN 115884343 B CN115884343 B CN 115884343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on a directional multi-beam antenna, which aims at any sending node, calculates the lowest sending power of each link of any sending node and is called as basic power; distributing power for links forming a corresponding receiving and transmitting state among the nodes according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, wherein the corresponding receiving and transmitting state refers to that nodes at two ends of the links are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; and calculating the sum of the basic powers of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the total power, and re-distributing the power through up-regulating or down-regulating the MCS level. The power distribution algorithm provided by the invention aims at the communication rate requirement among nodes, can distribute power according to the communication requirement when the power is enough, preferentially ensures the communication requirement of the high-priority node, improves the throughput of the system by improving the MCS level, and improves the power utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ad hoc network resource allocation, in particular to a high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power allocation method based on a directional multi-beam antenna.
Background
An ad hoc network is formed by dynamic connection of nodes, each of which is equal. The node can be used as a client to receive messages from other nodes, can be used as a source to send messages outwards, and can be used as a routing node to relay and forward.
The traditional ad hoc network uses an omnidirectional antenna when receiving and transmitting data, the coverage of the antenna is wide, but the effective power in a specific direction is not large, the power waste is easy to cause, the interference to the communication of other surrounding nodes is also caused, and the network capacity and the communication quality are reduced. With the development of antenna technology, the directional antenna is applied to an ad hoc network, so that the network capacity is greatly improved, the interference problem is reduced, the safety is improved, and the communication distance is increased. The wireless ad hoc network of the aerial high maneuvering node is carried out by utilizing the high-gain directional antenna, so that the stealth capability, the anti-interception capability and the anti-interference capability of the aerial node can be improved, and the communication rate between the nodes can be improved through the high gain of the antenna beam.
Power control algorithms are one of the important ways to improve network throughput. The existing power control algorithm mainly adopts a deterministic algorithm or a probabilistic technical algorithm to establish network topology meeting certain standards (overhead and measurement values), and is mainly divided into five main power control schemes, namely a node degree constraint method, a geographic position information based method, a graph theory method, a game theory method and a multi-parameter optimization method.
Gu Xiaofan the aviation ad hoc network power control algorithm research [ D ]. Chongqing university, 2016 dynamically changes the modulation mode and the sending power of the packet according to the node load transmission requirement and the network condition when sending the packet, thereby achieving the self-adaption of the transmission rate and higher throughput. The modulation modes are in one-to-one correspondence with the node transmission power, no matter which modulation mode is adopted, the transmission power is the minimum power which can enable the receiving node to correctly receive under the modulation mode, and what modulation mode is adopted needs to be judged according to the transmission requirement of the node. When the transmission requirement of the node is lower, a modulation mode of the lowest order provided in the system is adopted; when the transmission requirement of the node is high, a modulation mode capable of maximizing the transmission rate is adopted without interfering other nodes and under the limitation of transmitter hardware.
The patent CN105933979B issued in the publication of 2019, 6 and 25 discloses a multi-cell BDMA transmission power distribution method, which is based on the CCCP power distribution method, calculates the derivative of the subtracted term in the sum rate expression with respect to the transmission power, and obtains the power distribution result by iteratively solving the convex optimization problem. Based on a deterministic equivalent power distribution method, calculating a deterministic equivalent expression of a reduced term about a transmitting power derivative in a sum rate and velocity expression by using a beam domain characteristic mode energy coupling matrix, and obtaining a power distribution result by solving a partial equation.
None of the above power control algorithms aim to improve throughput and do not take into account the multi-rate problem; the power control algorithm is used for dynamically controlling the transmission power, different transmission power guarantees are needed for different data transmission rates, and the data transmission rates directly influence the network throughput.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on a directional multi-beam antenna, which aims at the communication rate requirement among nodes, considers the problem of multi-rate, and improves the throughput of a system by improving the MCS level, and simultaneously improves the power utilization rate.
The high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on the directional multi-beam antenna comprises the following steps:
step 2, distributing power for the links forming a corresponding receiving and transmitting state among the nodes according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, wherein the corresponding receiving and transmitting state refers to that the nodes at two ends of the links are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, nodes at two ends of the link are in a transmitting state/receiving state, and power is not distributed to the link;
and 3, calculating the sum of the basic powers of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the relation of the total power, and re-distributing the power by means of up-regulating or down-regulating the MCS level, wherein the specific operation is as follows:
if the sum of the base powers = total power, then there is no need to allocate power again;
if the sum of the basic powers is less than the total power, the MCS level of the link where the receiving node is located is increased in sequence from high to low according to the priority of the receiving node until the power distribution is completed or the residual power is insufficient to increase the MCS level of the link where the node of the next priority is located;
if the sum of the basic powers is larger than the total power, selecting a link where the receiving node with the lowest priority is located, and gradually reducing the MCS level of the link until the sum of the basic powers is larger than or equal to the total power.
Further, the minimum transmit power calculation includes the steps of:
step 1.1, calculating the Transmission loss (PASSLOSS) according to the free space Path loss equation dB =32.44+20 lg (d) +20lg (f), where d is the distance between two nodes and f is the frequency;
step 1.2, calculating the noise power P of the atmospheric propagation system N ＝K B T R B W Wherein K is B Is Boltzmann constant, T R For receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth;
step 1.3, according to the transmission rate requirement of the communication between two nodes, combining the SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB ；
Step 1.4, the lowest transmit power (P t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r Gain of the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, respectively.
Further, if the sum of the basic power is less than the total power and the remaining power is insufficient to raise the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located, the raising of the MCS level of the link is abandoned, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level by one level is converted into the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level by one level, if the remaining power is still insufficient, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level by one level is continued, and so on until all links are judged.
The power distribution algorithm provided by the invention aims at the communication rate requirement among the nodes, can distribute power according to the communication requirement when the power is enough, preferentially ensures the communication requirement of the nodes with high priority, and simultaneously ensures that the nodes can meet the constraint of total power in the communication process; only power is allocated to the corresponding link for receiving and transmitting, so that the power utilization rate is improved; the problem of multi-rate is considered, the system throughput is improved by improving the MCS level, and meanwhile, the power utilization rate is improved, so that the method has important significance for improving the network performance of the high-mobility ad hoc network based on the directional multi-beam antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of an ad hoc network subnet as shown in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Examples
The embodiment is combined with a specific example, and the high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on the directional multi-beam antenna is developed and explained.
Assume that the topology of one subnet in an ad hoc network is as shown in fig. 1, and that node priorities a > B > C > D > E > F. The dynamic power distribution method of the sub-network comprises the following steps:
1. for the transmitting node B, calculating the minimum transmission power P of four links of B- & gt A, B- & gt C, B- & gt D, B- & gtF BA 、P BC 、P BD 、P BF And is referred to as the base power.
The minimum transmit power calculation includes the steps of:
calculating transmission loss (PASSLOSS) according to a free space path loss formula dB =32.44+20 lg (d) +20lg (f), where d is the distance between two nodes and f is the frequency.
Calculating noise power P of atmospheric propagation system N ＝K B T R B W Wherein K is B Is Boltzmann constant, T R For receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth.
Third, according to the transmission rate requirement of the communication between two nodes, combining with the SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB 。
At a fixed frequency, the MCS of each level corresponds to a fixed modulation coding scheme and transmission rate. The MCS signal-to-noise threshold is the minimum channel signal-to-noise ratio that a signal indicating a certain modulation coding scheme (Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS) can support without exceeding a given BLER (Block Error Rate).
Calculating the minimum transmit power (P) t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r Gain of the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, respectively.
2. Distributing power for links forming a corresponding receiving and transmitting state among the nodes according to the lowest transmitting power of the four links, wherein the corresponding receiving and transmitting state refers to that nodes at two ends of the links are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, the nodes at both ends of the link are in a transmitting state/receiving state, and no power is allocated to the link.
Taking the timeslot states shown in fig. 1 as an example, node B, node D, and node F are in a transmitting state (1 indicates transmission), and node a, node C, and node E are in a receiving state (0 indicates reception). That is, in the time slot shown in FIG. 1, power P is allocated only to the two links B.fwdarw.A and B.fwdarw.C for the transmitting node B BA 、P BC 。
3. Calculating the sum of the base powers of all completed power distribution links, i.e. P BA ＋P BC Comparing the relation P of the total power of the node B with the relation P of the total power of the node B total The following three cases may occur:
if P BA ＋P BC ＝P total Then there is no need to re-allocate power.
Second grade P BA ＋P BC ＜P total I.e. there is power remaining, the priority of node a is greater than that of node C, so that the primary MCS level is preferably raised for the b→a link.
With the increase of the MCS level of the B-A link, the transmission rate is increased, the signal-to-noise ratio threshold is increased, and higher transmission power needs to be provided. Judging the residual power p1=p total －(P BA ＋P BC ) And the power P required to boost the level of the primary B-C link MCS.
If P1 is less than P, the MCS level of the B-C link is abandoned, the power P 'required by the step of the MCS level of the link where the node of the next priority is located is judged, if P1 is less than P', the abandonment is continued, the node of the next priority is judged, and so on until all the links are judged. In this embodiment, there is no node with the next priority, but if there is any node in the actual application, the processing is performed according to this method.
If the P1 is more than or equal to the P, the link of the next priority node continues to execute the judgment after the level of the MCS is increased by one level for the link of the B-C.
By the mode, the maximum utilization of power can be ensured.
Third thing P BA ＋P BC ＞P total The power is insufficient at this time, since node A has a higher priority than node AThe priority of C is thus a one-level MCS level decrease for the b→c link, and if the power is still insufficient after the one-level MCS level decrease, the MCS level of the b→c link continues to be decreased until the power is sufficient, i.e. the link between the victim node and the node with the lowest priority is always selected.
It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art and which are included in the embodiments of the present invention without the inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The high-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on the directional multi-beam antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, calculating the lowest transmission power of each link of any transmitting node, and the lowest transmission power is called as basic power;
step 2, distributing power for the links forming a corresponding receiving and transmitting state among the nodes according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, wherein the corresponding receiving and transmitting state refers to that the nodes at two ends of the links are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, nodes at two ends of the link are in a transmitting state/receiving state, and power is not distributed to the link;
and 3, calculating the sum of the basic powers of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the relation of the total power, and re-distributing the power by means of up-regulating or down-regulating the MCS level, wherein the specific operation is as follows:
if the sum of the base powers = total power, then there is no need to allocate power again;
if the sum of the basic powers is less than the total power, the MCS level of the link where the receiving node is located is increased in sequence from high to low according to the priority of the receiving node until the power distribution is completed or the residual power is insufficient to increase the MCS level of the link where the node of the next priority is located;
if the sum of the basic powers is larger than the total power, selecting a link where the receiving node with the lowest priority is located, and gradually reducing the MCS level of the link until the sum of the basic powers is larger than or equal to the total power.
2. The high mobility ad hoc network dynamic power allocation method based on directional multi-beam antennas according to claim 1, wherein the minimum transmit power calculation comprises the steps of:
step 1.1, calculating the Transmission loss (PASSLOSS) according to the free space Path loss equation dB =32.44+20 lg (d) +20lg (f), where d is the distance between two nodes and f is the frequency;
step 1.2, calculating the noise power P of the atmospheric propagation system N ＝K B T R B W Wherein K is B Is Boltzmann constant, T R For receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth;
step 1.3, according to the transmission rate requirement of the communication between two nodes, combining the SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB ；
Step 1.4, the lowest transmit power (P t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r Gain of the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, respectively.
3. The method for dynamic power allocation of a high mobility ad hoc network based on a directional multi-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein if the sum of the base powers is less than the total power and the remaining power is insufficient to raise the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located, the raising of the MCS level of the link is abandoned, the power required for determining that the link where the next priority node is located is raised by one level of MCS level is changed to, if the remaining power is still insufficient, the power required for determining that the link where the next priority node is located is raised by one level of MCS level is continued to be determined, and so on until all links are determined.
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