CN115884343A - High-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on directional multi-beam antenna - Google Patents
High-mobility ad hoc network dynamic power distribution method based on directional multi-beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic power distribution method of a high-mobility ad hoc network based on a directional multi-beam antenna, which is characterized in that aiming at any transmitting node, the lowest transmitting power of each link is calculated and is called as basic power; according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, distributing power for the links forming a receiving and transmitting corresponding state between the nodes, wherein the receiving and transmitting corresponding state means that the nodes at two ends of the link are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; and calculating the sum of the basic power of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the relation of the total power, and redistributing the power by increasing or decreasing the MCS level. The power distribution algorithm provided by the invention aims at the communication speed requirement among the nodes, can distribute power according to the communication requirement when the power is enough, preferentially ensures the communication requirement of the high-priority node, improves the system throughput by utilizing the improvement of the MCS level, and simultaneously improves the power utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ad hoc network resource allocation, in particular to a dynamic power allocation method of a high-mobility ad hoc network based on a directional multi-beam antenna.
Background
An ad hoc network is formed by the dynamic connection of nodes, each node being equal to each other. The node can be used as a client to receive messages from other nodes, can be used as a source to send messages outwards, and can be used as a routing node to relay and forward.
The traditional ad hoc network uses an omnidirectional antenna when receiving and transmitting data, the antenna has wide coverage, but effective power in a specific direction is not large, power waste is easily caused, interference is brought to communication of other surrounding nodes, and network capacity and communication quality are reduced. With the development of antenna technology, the directional antenna is applied to an ad hoc network, so that the network capacity is greatly improved, the interference problem is reduced, the safety is improved, and the communication distance is increased. The high-gain directional antenna is used for wireless ad hoc network of the aerial high-mobility nodes, so that the stealth capability, the anti-interception capability and the anti-interference capability of the aerial nodes can be improved, and the communication speed among the nodes is improved through the high gain of antenna beams.
Power control algorithms are one of the important methods for improving network throughput. The existing power control algorithm mainly adopts a deterministic algorithm or a probabilistic algorithm to establish a network topology meeting certain standards (overhead and metric values), and is mainly divided into five main power control schemes, namely a node degree constraint method, a geographical location information-based method, a graph theory method, a game theory method and a multi-parameter optimization method.
The power control algorithm of the sailing aviation ad hoc network is researched by [ D ] Chongqing university, 2016. The modulation mode and the transmission power of a packet are dynamically changed according to the node load transmission requirement and the network condition during packet transmission, so that the self-adaption of the transmission rate and higher throughput are achieved. The modulation modes are in one-to-one correspondence with the node transmission power, no matter which modulation mode is adopted, the transmission power is the minimum power which can be correctly received by the receiving node under the modulation mode, and the adopted modulation mode needs to be judged according to the transmission requirement of the node. When the transmission requirement of the node is low, a lowest-order modulation mode provided in the system is adopted; when the transmission requirement of the node is high, a modulation mode capable of maximizing the transmission rate is adopted under the condition of not interfering other nodes and the hardware limitation of a transmitter.
An invention patent CN105933979B issued in 6/25/2019 discloses a multi-cell BDMA transmission power distribution method, which is based on a CCCP power distribution method, calculates the derivative of a reduced item in a sum rate expression about transmission power, and obtains a power distribution result by iteratively solving a convex optimization problem. Based on a deterministic equivalent power distribution method, a beam domain characteristic mode energy coupling matrix is used for calculating a deterministic equivalent expression of a subtracted term in a sum rate and sum rate expression about a transmitting power derivative, and a power distribution result is obtained by solving a fractional equation.
The power control algorithms above do not aim at improving throughput and do not consider the problem of multi-rate; the power control algorithm is used for dynamically controlling the sending power, different data transmission rates need different sending power guarantees, and the data transmission rates directly influence the network throughput.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a dynamic power allocation method of a high-mobility ad hoc network based on a directional multi-beam antenna, which aims at the communication speed requirement among nodes, considers the problem of multi-rate, improves the system throughput by utilizing the improvement of MCS levels and simultaneously improves the power utilization rate.
The method for distributing the dynamic power of the high-mobility ad hoc network based on the directional multi-beam antenna comprises the following steps:
step 2, according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, distributing power for the links forming a receiving and transmitting corresponding state between the nodes, wherein the receiving and transmitting corresponding state means that the nodes at two ends of the link are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, the nodes at both ends of the link are in a sending state/a receiving state, and power is not distributed to the link;
step 3, calculating the sum of the basic power of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the relation of the total power, and redistributing the power by increasing or decreasing the MCS level, wherein the specific operation is as follows:
if the sum of the base powers = the total power, then no power needs to be allocated again;
if the sum of the basic power is less than the total power, sequentially increasing a first-level MCS level for the link where the receiving node is located according to the priority of the receiving node from high to low until the power distribution is finished or the residual power is not enough to increase the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located;
if the sum of the basic power is larger than the total power, selecting the link where the receiving node with the lowest priority is located, and gradually reducing the MCS level until the sum of the basic power is larger than or equal to the total power.
Further, the minimum transmit power calculation comprises the steps of:
step 1.1, calculating the transmission loss (PASSLOSS) according to the free space path loss formula dB =32.44+20lg (d) +20lg (f), where d is the distance between two nodes and f is the frequency;
step 1.2, calculating the noise power P of the atmospheric transmission system N ＝K B T R B W In which K is B Is the Boltzmann constant, T R As the receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth;
step 1.3, according to the transmission rate requirement of communication between two nodes, combining the signal-to-noise ratio threshold SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB ；
Step 1.4, calculate the minimum hairPower transmission (P) t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r The gains of the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, respectively.
Further, if the sum of the basic powers is less than the total power and the remaining power is not enough to raise the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located, the MCS level of the link is abandoned to be raised, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level is converted into the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level, if the remaining power is still insufficient, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level is continuously judged, and the like is repeated until all links are judged to be finished.
The power distribution algorithm provided by the invention aims at the communication speed requirement among the nodes, can distribute power according to the communication requirement when the power is enough, preferentially ensures the communication requirement of the high-priority node, and simultaneously ensures that the node can meet the constraint of the total power in the communication process; power is only distributed for the corresponding receiving and transmitting links, so that the power utilization rate is improved; the multi-rate problem is considered, the system throughput is improved by utilizing the improvement of the MCS level, the power utilization rate is improved, and the method has important significance for improving the network performance of the high-mobility ad hoc network based on the directional multi-beam antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic topology diagram of an ad hoc network subnet according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Examples
The present embodiment explains, with reference to a specific example, the dynamic power allocation method for a high mobility ad hoc network based on a directional multi-beam antenna according to the present invention.
Assuming the topology of one subnet in an ad hoc network as shown in fig. 1, node priority a > B > C > D > E > F. The dynamic power allocation method of the subnet comprises the following steps:
1. for the transmitting node B, the lowest transmission power P of the four links B → A, B → C, B → D, B → F is calculated BA 、P BC 、P BD 、P BF And is referred to as the base power.
The minimum transmit power calculation includes the steps of:
calculating transmission loss according to a free space path loss formula (PASSLOSS) dB =32.44+20lg (d) +20lg (f), where d is the distance between two nodes and f is the frequency.
The noise power P of the atmospheric propagation system is calculated N ＝K B T R B W In which K is B Is the Boltzmann constant, T R For receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth.
Thirdly, according to the transmission rate requirement of communication between the two nodes, combining the signal-to-noise ratio threshold SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB 。
Under a fixed frequency, the MCS of each level corresponds to a fixed modulation and coding scheme and transmission rate. The MCS snr threshold is a minimum channel snr that can be supported for a signal of a certain Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) without exceeding a given BLER (Block Error Rate).
Fourth, the minimum transmission power (P) is calculated t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r Are respectively provided withThe gains of the transmit and receive antennas.
2. Distributing power for links forming a transceiving corresponding state among the nodes according to the lowest transmitting power of the four links, wherein the transceiving corresponding state means that the nodes at two ends of the links are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, the nodes at both ends of the link are in a transmitting state/receiving state, and power is not distributed to the link.
Taking the slot state shown in fig. 1 as an example, node B, node D, and node F are in a transmission state (1 indicates transmission), and node a, node C, and node E are in a reception state (0 indicates reception). That is, in the time slot shown in fig. 1, for the transmitting node B, it is only necessary to allocate power P to the two links B → a and B → C BA 、P BC 。
3. Calculating the sum of the base powers, i.e. P, of all the completed power allocation links BA ＋P BC Comparing it with the total power of the node B total The following three cases may occur:
first, if P BA ＋P BC ＝P total Then no power needs to be allocated again.
Good fortune of the spleen and stomach BA ＋P BC ＜P total I.e., power is left, since node a has a higher priority than node C, it is preferable to raise the MCS level for the B → a link by one level.
As the MCS level of the B → A link is increased, the transmission rate is increased, the threshold of the signal-to-noise ratio is increased, and higher transmission power needs to be provided. Determining residual power P1= P total －(P BA ＋P BC ) And the power P required to raise the level of the B → C link MCS.
If P1 is less than P, giving up the MCS level promotion of the B → C link, converting to the power P required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located promotes the MCS level, if P1 is less than P', continuing giving up, judging the next priority node, and repeating the steps until all links are judged to be finished. In this embodiment, there is no node of the next priority, but in practical applications, if there is a node of the next priority, the processing is performed according to this method.
If P1 is not less than P, after the first level MCS level is raised for the B → C link, the above judgment is continuously performed for the link where the next priority node is located.
Through the mode, the maximum utilization of power can be ensured.
If P BA ＋P BC ＞P total At this time, the power is insufficient, the priority of the node a is higher than that of the node C, so that the MCS level of the B → C link is lowered by one step, and if the power is still insufficient after the one step MCS level is lowered, the MCS level of the B → C link is lowered continuously until the power is sufficient, that is, the link with the lowest priority is always selected to be sacrificed.
It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art and related arts based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The dynamic power distribution method of the high maneuvering ad hoc network based on the directional multi-beam antenna is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, aiming at any transmitting node, calculating the lowest transmitting power of each link, and referring to the lowest transmitting power as basic power;
step 2, according to the lowest transmitting power of each link, distributing power for the links forming a receiving and transmitting corresponding state between the nodes, wherein the receiving and transmitting corresponding state means that the nodes at two ends of the link are respectively in a transmitting state and a receiving state under the same time slot; under the same time slot, the nodes at both ends of the link are in a sending state/a receiving state, and power is not distributed to the link;
step 3, calculating the sum of the basic power of all the completed power distribution links, comparing the sum with the relation of the total power, and redistributing the power by increasing or decreasing the MCS level, wherein the specific operation is as follows:
if the sum of the base powers = the total power, then no power needs to be allocated again;
if the sum of the basic power is less than the total power, sequentially increasing a first-level MCS level for the link where the receiving node is located according to the priority of the receiving node from high to low until the power distribution is finished or the residual power is not enough to increase the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located;
if the sum of the basic power is larger than the total power, selecting the link where the receiving node with the lowest priority is located, and gradually reducing the MCS level until the sum of the basic power is larger than or equal to the total power.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calculation of the lowest transmission power comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, calculating the transmission loss (PASSLOSS) according to the free space path loss formula dB 20lg (d) +20lg (f), wherein d is the distance between two nodes, and f is the frequency;
step 1.2, calculating the noise power P of the atmospheric transmission system N ＝K B T R B W In which K is B Is the Boltzmann constant, T R As the receiver noise temperature, B W Is the system bandwidth;
step 1.3, according to the transmission rate requirement of communication between two nodes, combining the signal-to-noise ratio threshold SNRth corresponding to the rate in the MCS level table to obtain the receiving power threshold (P) r ) dB ＝SNRth＋(P N ) dB ；
Step 1.4, calculate the minimum transmit power (P) t ) dB ＝(P r ) dB －(G t ) dB －(G r ) dB ＋(PASSLOSS) dB Wherein is G t 、G r The gains of the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, respectively.
3. The method for allocating the dynamic power of the highly mobile ad hoc network based on the directional multi-beam antenna according to claim 1, wherein if the sum of the basic power is less than the total power and the remaining power is not enough to raise the MCS level of the link where the next priority node is located, the MCS level of the link is abandoned to be raised, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level is converted into the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level, and if the remaining power is still insufficient, the power required for judging that the link where the next priority node is located raises the MCS level is continuously judged, and so on until all links are judged to be completed.
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