CN115876983B - Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region - Google Patents
Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115876983B CN115876983B CN202310215794.2A CN202310215794A CN115876983B CN 115876983 B CN115876983 B CN 115876983B CN 202310215794 A CN202310215794 A CN 202310215794A CN 115876983 B CN115876983 B CN 115876983B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slope
- stope
- physical model
- freeze thawing
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Landscapes
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic disturbance testing machine system and a method for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region, which belong to the technical field of cold region engineering rock mass instability model tests. By adopting the dynamic disturbance testing machine system and the method for simulating the slope instability of the open stope in the cold region, which are used for revealing the rainfall process, the freeze thawing cycle environment and the slope physical model instability process under the coupling action of blasting and earthquake waves, the slope instability full-time images under different disaster-causing environments are acquired through the image acquisition device, the distributed optical fiber mechanisms are buried in the slope physical model and are used for acquiring physical parameters of the slope under different loading environments at different positions, and theoretical basis is provided for establishing the slope instability physical prediction model of the open stope under the mining disturbance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold region engineering rock mass dynamic instability model tests, in particular to a dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region.
Background
The mining of mineral resources in cold areas mainly comprises surface mining, and in the mining process of surface metal ores, the periodic change of temperature induces the freeze thawing damage of rock mass, accelerates crack expansion and penetration, and further causes the failure and damage of the rock mass structure of the mine. Meanwhile, stability influence factors of the blasting seismic wave disturbance, excavation unloading disturbance and mine rock mass are more complex than those of normal-temperature areas after the blasting seismic wave disturbance, excavation unloading disturbance and mine rock mass are subjected to freeze thawing circulation. Aiming at the characteristics of low temperature, low air pressure, freeze thawing cycle, fragile ecological environment and the like in high altitude areas, the mining conditions are poor, the geological disaster catastrophe mechanism of the side slope environment is complex, the progressive instability process in the mining process of the side slope of the surface mine is urgently needed to be researched, the propagation rule of blasting seismic waves under different geological conditions is explored, and the influence of blasting vibration on the stability of the side slope is revealed.
The geomechanical model test becomes an important means for researching nonlinear deformation and destruction processes of high-steep slopes by the visual, visual and real characteristics, and has irreplaceable important roles in discovering new phenomena, exploring new rules, revealing new mechanisms and verifying new theories in theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.
When the strip mine is excavated and blasted, rock mass within a certain range of a blasting source is impacted by the strong disturbance of near-field stress wave, and the rock mass is a typical cyclic impact dynamic load. In the blasting production process of the strip mine, in the action range of blasting stress waves, the compressed rock body expands towards the direction of the free surface, so that the rock body is subjected to stretching action, and rock body joint cracks near the free surface are opened and spread to generate new cracks, and the new cracks are mainly represented as local breakout and chipping. The amplitude of the stress wave in the far zone is reduced along with the increase of the distance from the explosion source, the period is prolonged, the original cracks, layers and the like of the rock mass are expanded and dislocated by the seismic inertia force, the shearing resistance of the structural surface of the rock mass is reduced, the friction resistance is reduced, and the stability of the slope is adversely affected. The model test of the rock mass under the action of earthquake waves is mainly researched by adopting a reduced-scale geological model according to a similar principle, and is most commonly a vibrating table model test, a mould blaster, a blast pit, a light air gun, a separated Hopkinson pressure bar impact test and a drop hammer test. However, for the influence of the blasting vibration of the strip mine on the slope, the seismic effect formed by the propagation of the stress wave in the rock mass is different from the disturbance effect of the natural far-field seismic stress wave on the rock mass, and the accuracy of the test result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating instability of a slope of an open stope in a cold region, which comprises a base, a control device, a visual freeze-thawing environment box, a loading device, a rainfall humidifying device, an image acquisition device and a distributed optical fiber monitoring device, wherein the distributed optical fiber monitoring device is arranged in a physical model of the slope of the stope, the image acquisition device is arranged opposite to the visual freeze-thawing environment box, the visual freeze-thawing environment box is arranged on the base, the physical model of the slope of the stope is arranged in the visual freeze-thawing environment box through a model frame, the top of the visual freeze-thawing environment box is provided with a water outlet mechanism of the rainfall humidifying device, the bottom of the visual freeze-thawing environment box is connected with a water return pipe, the water return pipe is connected with a circulating mechanism of the rainfall humidifying device, the circulating mechanism is arranged on the base, the loading device comprises a blasting seismic wave loading mechanism and a static loading mechanism, the static loading mechanism is arranged on a model frame and is arranged opposite to the top of the visual freeze-thawing environment box and is used for providing vertical stress, and the visual loading mechanism is arranged opposite to the top of the visual freeze-thawing environment model.
Preferably, the visual freeze thawing environment box comprises a box frame, transparent side plates, a refrigerating and heating integrated machine and an exchange pipeline, wherein the exchange pipeline is fixed on the inner side of the box frame, the refrigerating and heating integrated machine is fixed on the top of the box frame and connected with the exchange pipeline, the transparent side plates are arranged on two sides of the box frame, and the refrigerating and heating integrated machine is electrically connected with the control device.
Preferably, a limit mechanism is arranged in the box frame and comprises a plurality of fixing screws, limit nuts and a rigid distribution plate, wherein the rigid distribution plate is arranged on the fixing screws, the limit nuts are connected to the fixing screws on two sides of the rigid distribution plate in a threaded manner, and the rigid distribution plate is arranged opposite to a slope toe of the stope slope physical model.
Preferably, the model frame comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a top plate, wherein the top plate is placed on the slope top of the stope slope physical model, the side plates are vertically arranged at one end of the bottom plate, extension parts are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, and the sliding block is arranged on a sliding rail at the bottom of the box frame.
Preferably, the blasting seismic wave loading mechanism comprises a horizontal stress loading cylinder and a servo actuator, wherein the servo actuator is arranged on the base and penetrates through one side of the box frame to be arranged opposite to the rigid distribution plate, the horizontal stress loading cylinder is arranged on the base, the telescopic end of the horizontal stress loading cylinder penetrates through the other side of the box frame to be arranged opposite to the stope slope physical model, and the horizontal stress loading cylinder and the servo actuator are connected with the control device.
Preferably, the blasting seismic wave loading device is mainly used for simulating a stope blasting stress wave effect, is a high-frequency stress wave at a near field of an explosion source, and dynamic load applied by the loading device is an equivalent reduced prototype seismic wave or a simplified variable frequency amplitude circulating disturbance load, acts on a slope rock mass, and induces local rock mass deformation and damage to further cause slope instability.
Preferably, the static loading mechanism comprises a portal frame, a gravity loading cylinder arranged at the top of the portal frame and a roller frame, wherein the roller frame is arranged on the top plate and is opposite to the gravity loading cylinder, the bottom of the portal frame is fixed on the extension part, and the gravity loading cylinder is connected with the control device.
Preferably, the water outlet mechanism comprises a spray plate, the spray plate is arranged at the top of the box frame, and water outlet holes distributed in an array are formed at the bottom of the spray plate;
the circulating mechanism comprises a circulating pump and a water storage tank, wherein a water supply pump is arranged in the water storage tank and connected with the spraying plate through a water supply pipe, a water supply electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water supply pipe, the circulating pump is connected with a water return pipe, and the circulating pump is connected with the water storage tank.
Preferably, the image acquisition device is a high-speed camera or video camera and is used for recording the progressive instability process of the stope slope physical model, the control device is used for analyzing a displacement field and a strain field of an acquired image, the macro-micro physical process of linkage multi-step damage after single-step damage is reproduced, and the image acquisition device is communicated with the control device.
Preferably, the distributed optical fiber monitoring device comprises a plurality of distributed optical fiber mechanisms, wherein the distributed optical fiber mechanisms are arranged in each step of the stope slope physical model and used for monitoring vibration acceleration, stress, strain, temperature, humidity and pore pressure at different positions, each distributed optical fiber mechanism comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensors which are arranged in parallel, and each distributed optical fiber mechanism is connected with the control device through an optical fiber collector.
A test method of a dynamic disturbance testing machine system based on the slope instability of the open stope in the cold area comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: manufacturing a stope slope physical model, determining the specific geometric dimension of the stope slope physical model with an indoor shrinkage dimension according to the geometric forms of the site step slope and the combined step slope, and establishing the phase relation between the stope slope physical model and a mine slope prototype by taking the geometric dimension, the density and the elastic modulus as basic dimensions; according to the similar principle and the physical and mechanical parameters of the original rock, determining similar materials of the stope slope physical model through material proportion and related mechanical test parameters, and preparing the stope slope physical model;
step S2: aiming at the prepared stope slope physical model, spraying low-temperature-resistant glass bead paint on the shooting surface of the stope slope physical model, manufacturing artificial speckles, and constructing different interested observation areas to obtain a stope slope physical model with speckles;
step S3: placing a stope slope physical model with speckles on a model frame, placing the model frame in a visual freeze thawing environment box, and adjusting a limiting mechanism to enable a slope toe of the stope slope physical model to be in contact with a rigid distribution plate which is in contact with a servo actuator;
step S4: and adjusting the image acquisition device according to the test environment and the test requirement, and calibrating the adjusted image acquisition device through calibration equipment, so that the stope slope physical model is in the shooting range of the image acquisition device.
Step S5: spraying the stope slope physical model through a rainfall humidifying device, and simultaneously monitoring the humidity of the stope slope physical model in real time until the stope slope physical model reaches a water saturation state;
step S6: setting a freeze thawing period, freeze thawing cycle times and freeze thawing temperature, and performing a freeze thawing test on a stope slope physical model;
step S7: the static loading mechanism is used for carrying out gravity loading, the blasting seismic wave loading mechanism is used for carrying out blasting seismic wave loading on the slope toe, the image acquisition device is used for carrying out image acquisition, the control device is used for carrying out displacement field and strain field analysis on the acquired image, the linkage multi-step damage process after single step damage is reproduced, the expansion process of the strain localization belt is recorded, and the destabilization process of the combined step slope is dynamically reflected; the method comprises the steps of collecting the change data of a stress field, a displacement field, a temperature field, a pore water pressure field and an acceleration field in a stope slope physical model under the action of frequent vibration through a distributed optical fiber mechanism, analyzing the change rule, carrying out optical fiber imaging processing on the collected physical quantity, and reflecting the physical process of structural degradation caused by the internal structural degradation of the stope slope physical model.
Therefore, the dynamic disturbance testing machine system and the method for simulating the slope instability of the open stope in the cold region have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The device is provided with a visual freeze thawing environment box, a loading device and a rainfall humidifying device, and is used for revealing a rainfall process, a freeze thawing circulating environment and a destabilizing process of a stope slope physical model under the coupling action of blasting seismic waves.
(2) The blasting seismic wave loading is realized by a high-frequency or ultrahigh-frequency servo motor, is used for simulating the blasting stress wave at the near field of a blasting source in a laboratory, and is uniformly applied to the position of a slope toe through a rigid distribution plate.
(3) And the image acquisition device is used for acquiring strain field evolution images of the side slope under the action of different environment-induced instability, so that the strain field evolution characteristics can be analyzed conveniently.
(4) The distributed optical fiber mechanism buried in the stope slope physical model is used for acquiring physical quantities of different parts of the slope, and provides a theoretical basis for establishing a slope instability physical prediction model under the mining disturbance effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of a dynamic disturbance testing machine for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the static loading mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spray plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a distributed optical fiber mechanism according to the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. A base; 2. a control device; 21. a hydraulic oil source; 3. a visual freeze thawing environment box; 31. a box frame; 32. the refrigerating and heating integrated machine; 33. exchange the pipeline; 34. a slide rail; 4. blasting the seismic wave loading mechanism; 41. a horizontal stress loading cylinder; 42. a servo actuator; 5. a static loading mechanism; 51. a portal frame; 52. a gravity loading cylinder; 53. a roller frame; 6. a spray plate; 7. a circulation mechanism; 71. a circulation pump; 72. a water storage tank; 8. a high-speed camera; 9. a distributed optical fiber mechanism; 10. an optical fiber collector; 11. a limiting mechanism; 111. a fixed screw; 112. a rigid distribution plate; 113. a limit nut; 12. a model frame; 121. a bottom plate; 122. a side plate; 123. a top plate; 124. an extension; 13. and (5) a stope slope physical model.
Detailed Description
Examples
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or those that are conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region comprises a base 1, a control device 2, a visual freeze thawing environment box 3, a loading device, a rainfall humidifying device, an image acquisition device and a distributed optical fiber monitoring device.
The control device 2 comprises a control master for data acquisition and data analysis and a hydraulic oil source 21, the hydraulic oil source 21 being used for providing a hydraulic power source, which is not described in detail here for the prior art. The base 1 is provided with a plurality of parallel through grooves, and the visual freezing and thawing environment box 3 and the loading device are arranged on the base 1 through the through grooves, so that the damage of the visual freezing and thawing environment box 3 and the loading device caused by overlarge vibration quantity is avoided.
The visual freeze thawing environment box 3 comprises a box frame 31, transparent side plates, a refrigerating and heating integrated machine 32 and an exchange pipeline 33, wherein the exchange pipeline 33 is fixed on the inner side of the box frame 31, the refrigerating and heating integrated machine 32 is fixed on the top of the box frame 31, the refrigerating and heating integrated machine 32 is connected with the exchange pipeline 33, the transparent side plates are arranged on two sides of the box frame 31, so that changes of an internal stope slope physical model 13 are conveniently observed, image data are conveniently obtained, and the refrigerating and heating integrated machine 32 is electrically connected with the control device 2, so that freeze thawing circulation is realized.
The visual freeze thawing environment box 3 is arranged on the base 1, the stope slope physical model 13 is arranged in the visual freeze thawing environment box 3 through the model frame 12, a limiting mechanism 11 is arranged in the box frame 31, the limiting mechanism 11 comprises four fixing screws 111, limiting nuts 113 and a rigid distribution plate 112, the rigid distribution plate 112 is arranged on the fixing screws 111, the limiting nuts 113 are connected to the fixing screws 111 on two sides of the rigid distribution plate 112 in a threaded manner, and the rigid distribution plate 112 and the slope feet of the stope slope physical model 13 are arranged oppositely and used for fixing the position of the stope slope physical model 13.
The model frame 12 is used for placing stope slope physical model 13, and the model frame 12 includes bottom plate 121, curb plate 122 and roof 123, and roof 123 is placed at the slope top of stope slope physical model 13, and curb plate 122 sets up perpendicularly in the one end of bottom plate 121, and bottom plate 121 both sides are provided with extension 124, and bottom plate 124 bottom is provided with the slider, and the slider sets up on the slide rail 34 of box frame 31 bottom.
The distributed optical fiber monitoring device is arranged in the stope slope physical model 13 and comprises a plurality of distributed optical fiber mechanisms 9, and the distributed optical fiber mechanisms 9 are arranged in each step of the stope slope physical model 13 and used for monitoring vibration acceleration, stress, strain, temperature, humidity and pore pressure at different positions. The distributed optical fiber mechanism 9 comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensors which are arranged in parallel, and the distributed optical fiber mechanism 9 is connected with the control device through an optical fiber collector 10.
The top of box frame 31 is provided with rainfall humidification device's play water mechanism, and play water mechanism includes spray plate 6, and spray plate 6 sets up at the top of box frame 31, and the apopore of array distribution has been seted up to spray plate 6 bottom, guarantees to spray evenly. The bottom of the visual freeze thawing environment box 3 is connected with a water return pipe, the water return pipe is connected with a circulating mechanism 7 of the rainfall humidifying device, the circulating mechanism 7 comprises a circulating pump 71 and a water storage tank 72, a water supply pump is arranged in the water storage tank 72 and is connected with a spraying plate 6 through a water supply pipe, a water supply electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water supply pipe, the circulating pump 71 is connected with the water return pipe, the circulating pump 71 is connected with the water storage tank and is all installed on the base 1, and the circulating pump 71, the water supply pump and the water supply electromagnetic valve are all electrically connected with a control device and used for controlling spraying.
The loading device comprises a blasting seismic wave loading mechanism 4 and a static loading mechanism 5, wherein the static loading mechanism 5 is arranged on the model frame 12 and is opposite to the top of the stope slope physical model 13 for providing vertical stress application, the static loading mechanism 5 comprises a portal frame 51, a gravity loading cylinder 52 arranged on the top of the portal frame 51 and a roller frame 53, the roller frame 53 is arranged on a top plate 123 and is opposite to the gravity loading cylinder 52, the bottom of the portal frame 51 is fixed on an extension part 124, and the gravity loading cylinder 52 is connected with the control device 2.
The blasting seismic wave loading mechanisms 4 are arranged on two sides of the visual freeze thawing environment box 3 and are used for simulating a stope blasting stress wave effect, and are high-frequency stress waves at the near field of a blasting source, dynamic loads applied by the loading devices are prototype seismic waves with reduced equivalent or simplified variable frequency amplitude circulation disturbance loads, and the dynamic loads act on a slope rock mass to induce local rock mass deformation and damage so as to cause slope instability. The blasting seismic wave loading mechanism 4 comprises a horizontal stress loading cylinder 41 and a servo actuator 42, wherein the servo actuator 42 is arranged on the base 1 and is opposite to the rigid distribution plate 112 through one side of the box frame 31, the horizontal stress loading cylinder 41 is arranged on the base 1, the telescopic end of the horizontal stress loading cylinder 41 passes through the other side of the box frame 41 and is opposite to the stope slope physical model 13, the horizontal stress loading cylinder 41 and the servo actuator 42 are both connected with a control device, the blasting seismic wave loading is realized by a high-frequency or ultrahigh-frequency servo motor, and the blasting seismic wave loading is used for simulating an explosion stress wave at the near field of a blasting source in a laboratory and is uniformly applied to the position of a slope toe through the rigid distribution plate 112.
The image acquisition device is arranged opposite to the visual freeze thawing environment box, the image acquisition device is a high-speed camera 8 or a video camera, the embodiment adopts the high-speed addition 8 and is used for recording macroscopic changes when the stope slope physical model is unstable, the image acquisition device is communicated with the control device and is used for transmitting image data into the control device, analyzing a displacement field and a strain field of an acquired image and reproducing a macroscopic and microscopic physical process of linkage multi-step damage after single-step damage.
A test method based on the dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: manufacturing a stope slope physical model, determining the specific geometric dimension of the stope slope physical model with an indoor shrinkage dimension according to the geometric forms of the site step slope and the combined step slope, and establishing the phase relation between the stope slope physical model and a mine slope prototype by taking the geometric dimension, the density and the elastic modulus as basic dimensions; and determining similar materials of the stope slope physical model according to the similar principle and the physical and mechanical parameters of the original rock and through material proportion and related mechanical test parameters, and preparing the stope slope physical model.
Step S2: aiming at the prepared stope slope physical model, spraying low-temperature-resistant glass bead paint on the shooting surface of the stope slope physical model, manufacturing artificial speckles, and constructing different interested observation areas.
Step S3: and placing the stope slope physical model with speckles on a model frame, placing the model frame in a visual freeze thawing environment box, and adjusting a limiting mechanism to ensure that the slope feet of the stope slope physical model are contacted with a rigid distribution plate which is contacted with a servo actuator.
Step S4: the high-speed cameras are fixed on a tripod, the positions, focal lengths and lighting equipment of the two high-speed cameras are adjusted according to test environments and test requirements, and the fixed device is calibrated by using calibration equipment, so that the stope slope physical model is in a range which can be shot by the high-speed cameras.
Step S5: and spraying the stope slope physical model through a rainfall humidifying device, and simultaneously monitoring the humidity of the stope slope physical model in real time until the stope slope physical model reaches a water saturation state.
Step S6: setting a freeze thawing period, freeze thawing cycle times and freeze thawing temperature, and performing a freeze thawing test on a stope slope physical model.
Step S7: the static loading mechanism is used for carrying out gravity loading, the blasting seismic wave loading mechanism is used for carrying out blasting seismic wave loading on the slope toe, the image acquisition device is used for carrying out image acquisition, the control device is used for carrying out displacement field and strain field analysis on the acquired image, the linkage multi-step damage process after single-step damage is reproduced, the expansion process of the strain localization belt is recorded, and the destabilization process of the combined step slope is dynamically reflected.
The method comprises the steps of collecting stress field, displacement field, temperature field, pore water pressure field and acceleration field change data under the action of frequent vibration in a stope slope physical model through a distributed optical fiber mechanism, obtaining a change rule of the stope slope physical model under the action of frequent vibration through the change data, carrying out optical fiber imaging processing on collected physical quantities, and finely reflecting a physical process of structural degradation caused by the stope slope physical model.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a simulation cold district open stope slope unstability's dynamic disturbance testing machine system, includes base and controlling means, its characterized in that: the system comprises a visual freeze thawing environment box, a loading device, a rainfall humidifying device, an image acquisition device and a distributed optical fiber monitoring device, wherein the distributed optical fiber monitoring device is arranged in a stope slope physical model, the image acquisition device is arranged opposite to the visual freeze thawing environment box, the visual freeze thawing environment box is arranged on a base, the stope slope physical model is arranged in the visual freeze thawing environment box through a model frame, the top of the visual freeze thawing environment box is provided with a water outlet mechanism of the rainfall humidifying device, the bottom of the visual freeze thawing environment box is connected with a water return pipe, the water return pipe is connected with a circulating mechanism of the rainfall humidifying device, the circulating mechanism is arranged on the base, the loading device comprises a blasting seismic wave loading mechanism and a static loading mechanism, the static loading mechanism is arranged on the model frame and is arranged opposite to the top of the stope slope physical model to provide vertical stress application, the blasting seismic wave loading mechanism is arranged on two sides of the visual freeze thawing environment box and is used for providing vibration waves, and the visual freeze thawing environment box, the water return pipe is connected with the circulating mechanism of the rainfall humidifying device, the circulating mechanism is connected with the image humidifying device, and the image monitoring device;
the box frame is internally provided with a limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of fixing screws, limiting nuts and a rigid distribution plate, the rigid distribution plate is arranged on the fixing screws, the limiting nuts are connected to the fixing screws on two sides of the rigid distribution plate in a threaded manner, and the rigid distribution plate is arranged opposite to the slope feet of the stope slope physical model;
the model frame comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a top plate, wherein the top plate is placed on the top of a stope slope physical model, the side plates are vertically arranged at one end of the bottom plate, extension parts are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate, a sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, and the sliding block is arranged on a sliding rail at the bottom of the box frame;
the blasting seismic wave loading device is used for simulating a stope blasting stress wave effect, is a high-frequency stress wave at a blasting source near field, and is used for applying dynamic load which is equivalent reduced prototype seismic waves or simplified variable frequency amplitude circulating disturbance load to a slope rock mass to induce local rock mass deformation and damage so as to cause slope instability;
the static loading mechanism comprises a portal frame, a gravity loading cylinder and a roller frame, wherein the gravity loading cylinder and the roller frame are installed at the top of the portal frame, the roller frame is placed on a top plate and is arranged opposite to the gravity loading cylinder, the bottom of the portal frame is fixed on an extension part, and the gravity loading cylinder is connected with the control device.
2. The dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region according to claim 1, wherein: the visual freeze thawing environment box comprises a box frame, transparent side plates, a refrigerating and heating integrated machine and an exchange pipeline, wherein the exchange pipeline is fixed on the inner side of the box frame, the refrigerating and heating integrated machine is fixed at the top of the box frame and connected with the exchange pipeline, the transparent side plates are arranged on two sides of the box frame, and the refrigerating and heating integrated machine is electrically connected with the control device.
3. The dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region according to claim 2, wherein: the water outlet mechanism comprises a spray plate, the spray plate is arranged at the top of the box frame, and water outlet holes distributed in an array are formed in the bottom of the spray plate;
the circulating mechanism comprises a circulating pump and a water storage tank, wherein a water supply pump is arranged in the water storage tank and connected with the spraying plate through a water supply pipe, a water supply electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water supply pipe, the circulating pump is connected with a water return pipe, and the circulating pump is connected with the water storage tank.
4. A dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region according to claim 3, wherein: the image acquisition device is a high-speed camera or video camera and is used for recording the progressive instability process of the step slope, the control device is used for analyzing a displacement field and a strain field of an acquired image, the macro-micro physical process of linkage multi-step damage after single step damage is reproduced, and the image acquisition device is communicated with the control device.
5. The dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold regions according to claim 4, wherein: the distributed optical fiber monitoring device comprises a plurality of distributed optical fiber mechanisms, wherein the distributed optical fiber mechanisms are arranged in each step of a stope slope physical model and used for monitoring vibration acceleration, stress, strain, temperature, humidity and pore pressure at different positions, each distributed optical fiber mechanism comprises a plurality of optical fiber sensors which are arranged in parallel, and each distributed optical fiber mechanism is connected with the control device through an optical fiber collector.
6. A test method of a dynamic disturbance testing machine system for simulating slope instability of an open stope in a cold region based on any one of the above claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step S1: manufacturing a stope slope physical model, determining the specific geometric dimension of the stope slope physical model with an indoor shrinkage dimension according to the geometric forms of the site step slope and the combined step slope, and establishing the phase relation between the stope slope physical model and a mine slope prototype by taking the geometric dimension, the density and the elastic modulus as basic dimensions; according to the similar principle and the physical and mechanical parameters of the original rock, determining similar materials of the stope slope physical model through material proportion and related mechanical test parameters, and preparing the stope slope physical model;
step S2: aiming at the prepared stope slope physical model, spraying low-temperature-resistant glass bead paint on the shooting surface of the stope slope physical model, manufacturing artificial speckles, and constructing different interested observation areas to obtain a stope slope physical model with speckles;
step S3: placing a stope slope physical model with speckles on a model frame, placing the model frame in a visual freeze thawing environment box, and adjusting a limiting mechanism to enable a slope toe of the stope slope physical model to be in contact with a rigid distribution plate which is in contact with a servo actuator;
step S4: adjusting the image acquisition device according to the test environment and the test requirement, and calibrating the adjusted image acquisition device through calibration equipment to ensure that the stope slope physical model is in the shooting range of the image acquisition device;
step S5: spraying the stope slope physical model through a rainfall humidifying device, and simultaneously monitoring the humidity of the stope slope physical model in real time until the stope slope physical model reaches a water saturation state;
step S6: setting a freeze thawing period, freeze thawing cycle times and freeze thawing temperature, and performing a freeze thawing test on a stope slope physical model;
step S7: the static loading mechanism is used for carrying out gravity loading, the blasting seismic wave loading mechanism is used for carrying out blasting seismic wave loading on the slope toe, the image acquisition device is used for carrying out image acquisition, the control device is used for carrying out displacement field and strain field analysis on the acquired image, the linkage multi-step damage process after single step damage is reproduced, the expansion process of the strain localization belt is recorded, and the destabilization process of the combined step slope is dynamically reflected; the method comprises the steps of collecting the change data of a stress field, a displacement field, a temperature field, a pore water pressure field and an acceleration field in a stope slope physical model under the action of frequent vibration through a distributed optical fiber mechanism, analyzing the change rule, carrying out optical fiber imaging processing on the collected physical quantity, and reflecting the physical process of structural degradation caused by the internal structural degradation of the stope slope physical model.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310215794.2A CN115876983B (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310215794.2A CN115876983B (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115876983A CN115876983A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
| CN115876983B true CN115876983B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
Family
ID=85762046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310215794.2A Active CN115876983B (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115876983B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116434482B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2024-04-30 | 华南理工大学 | Three-component distributed optical fiber tunnel portal side slope disaster monitoring and early warning system |
| CN116399723A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-07 | 成都理工大学 | Test system and method for simulating slope in alpine region under multi-environment factor coupling |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108051567B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2021-02-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Static and dynamic testing device for slope anchoring structure in cold region and assembling and testing method |
| CN108827578A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-16 | 东北大学 | A kind of the key roof block inbreak experimental rig and method of two-way quiet dynamic load |
| CN108956295A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of jelly for studying frozen soil mechanics characteristic-stationary-mobile coupling test method |
| CN109324049A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-12 | 重庆大学 | A kind of transparent native visible model testing device of cold area's roadbed freeze thawing deformation |
| CN110133218B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-08-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Cold region water delivery channel wet-dry freeze-thaw cycle centrifugal simulation system and simulation method thereof |
| CN110658324A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Model test device for simulating instability and damage of rock-soil slope under complex condition |
| CN110618086B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-10-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Side slope device for simulating seepage-freeze thawing coupling effect and using method |
| CN111766369B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Visual system for simulating deep roadway deformation under underground water freeze-thaw cycle effect |
| CN112051287B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-12-10 | 北京科技大学 | Visual test system and test method for simulating dynamic instability process of side slope |
| CN214150159U (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-07 | 北京科技大学 | Drop hammer impact air bag type blasting vibration test system matched with industrial CT machine |
| CN113567497B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2022-09-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Test device and test method for simulating deformation and damage of ice edge type frozen soil slope |
| CN114577621B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-05-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Test system and test method for fault dislocation destabilization freeze thawing |
| CN115494223A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2022-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Test system and method for simulating freeze-thaw activation catastrophe of mining fault in cold region |
-
2023
- 2023-03-08 CN CN202310215794.2A patent/CN115876983B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115876983A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN115876983B (en) | Dynamic disturbance testing machine system and method for simulating slope instability of open stope in cold region | |
| Yu et al. | Multi-point shaking table test of a long tunnel subjected to non-uniform seismic loadings | |
| Yu et al. | Multi-point shaking table test for long tunnels subjected to non-uniform seismic loadings-part II: Application to the HZM immersed tunnel | |
| Ogawa et al. | Construction of a three–dimensional, large–scale shaking table and development of core technology | |
| CN113267613B (en) | Experimental system for simulating fault creep and stick-slip staggered tunnel structure | |
| Baziar et al. | Tunnel flexibility effect on the ground surface acceleration response | |
| CN108204916B (en) | Shear-low temperature coupling experimental device and method for penetrating fracture | |
| Qian et al. | Simulating ballast shear strength from large-scale triaxial tests: Discrete element method | |
| CN111198136A (en) | Rock mass ice crack network frost heaving expansion process monitoring test system and method | |
| CN111398024B (en) | True triaxial rock seepage test loading device and test system | |
| CN111157372A (en) | Drop hammer impact test system and method for simulating engineering rock mass layer cracking instability process | |
| CN111157356B (en) | Rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under stress disturbance effect | |
| CN114324010A (en) | Rock mass structural plane multidirectional dynamic shear mechanics testing system based on vibration table principle | |
| Feng et al. | A testing system to understand rock fracturing processes induced by different dynamic disturbances under true triaxial compression | |
| CN114563278A (en) | Novel tunnel three-dimensional model loading device and test method | |
| Yujing et al. | Shear behaviour of rock joints under constant normal stiffness conditions | |
| Qingrui et al. | Comparison between numerical and analytical analysis on the dynamic behavior of circular tunnels | |
| CN116593307A (en) | Fracture zone dislocation double-array simulation test system and method | |
| Rinaldi et al. | Robotized inspection and health monitoring in the Gran Sasso National Laboratory | |
| CN116879032A (en) | Real-time monitoring analysis test method for fracture rock deformation localization under true three-dimensional stress | |
| CN115325950A (en) | Non-contact measuring method for microscopic deformation of grotto cultural relics based on digital image technology | |
| CN113358653A (en) | Transparent soil model test device and method for simulating stratum settlement caused by coal seam mining | |
| Niu et al. | Influence of the strength of rock-like models on the local deformation field and acoustic emission characteristics | |
| El-Shafee et al. | Evaluation of RPI Centrifuge 2D Shaker and Biaxial Soil Response | |
| Yuan et al. | A new apparatus for testing shear-slip properties of rock joint subjected to dynamic disturbance |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |