CN115876579A - Creep test method for pile-frozen soil shear sample - Google Patents
Creep test method for pile-frozen soil shear sample Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention discloses a creep test method of a pile-frozen soil shear sample, which comprises the steps of putting a prepared soil body with specific water content and a pile foundation model into a pile-frozen soil shear sample mould, placing the pile-frozen soil shear sample mould into a temperature-controlled refrigerator for quick freezing, placing the pile-frozen soil shear sample mould into a constant temperature box after keeping the constant temperature to the temperature required by the test, adjusting the tightness of an annular hoop according to different interface normal load requirements for normal pressurization of the pile-frozen soil sample, and finally carrying out a creep test on the pile top by using a material testing machine according to a loading mode required by the creep test. The method can be suitable for researching the shearing mechanical property of the low-temperature high-ice-content pile-frozen soil interface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil engineering and mechanical tests, in particular to a creep test method of a pile-frozen soil shear sample.
Background
The traditional direct shear apparatus can obtain shear deformation curves of shear surfaces (concrete-frozen soil interfaces) under different normal stresses by controlling normal loads to determine mechanical indexes of the interfaces
However, when the method is used for carrying out a shear creep experiment of a concrete-frozen soil interface, the whole direct shear apparatus needs to be placed into a cold storage, and the temperature control effect of the low-temperature cold storage is poor, so that the long-time temperature control requirement of a standard shear sample in the shear creep experiment can not be met; in addition, the maximum shear force applied by a common direct shear apparatus (horizontal maximum load 1.2kN, shear pattern area 30cm 2 ) The maximum freezing force of the concrete-frozen soil interface is smaller, so that the method cannot obtain a shear deformation curve of the concrete-frozen soil interface with higher freezing force.
The column pressing test (the pile end of the model pile is not stressed) is a new method for researching the shearing mechanical property of the model pile-frozen soil interface. According to the test method, the shear stress loading mode of the shear interface can be diversified by using a material testing machine, and meanwhile, the temperature of the pile-frozen soil interface can be accurately controlled for a long time by using a matched constant temperature box. However, the method cannot control the normal stress of the interface, so that the shear deformation characteristic and the creep index of the pile-frozen soil interface under the action of different normal stresses cannot be obtained, and a creep test device with controllable normal stress is urgently needed to be researched and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a creep test method of a pile-frozen soil shear sample aiming at the technical defects in the creep test in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a creep test method of a pile-frozen soil shear sample is provided, the creep test is carried out by a creep test device, the test device comprises a material testing machine, a constant temperature box and a pile-frozen soil shear sample mold which is arranged in the constant temperature box and has controllable normal stress, wherein: the pile-frozen soil shearing sample die is arranged in a constant temperature box, and a pressure head of the material testing machine penetrates through the top of the constant temperature box to apply pressure in the vertical direction to the top of a pile in the pile-frozen soil shearing sample die; the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mould comprises a barrel structure consisting of N fan-shaped templates and an annular hoop encircling the outer side of the barrel structure, and normal pressurization is carried out on the pile-frozen soil shearing sample by adjusting the tightness of the annular hoop 1;
the creep test method comprises the following steps of putting a prepared soil body with specific water content and a pile foundation model into a pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold, placing the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold into a temperature control refrigerator for quick freezing, placing the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold into a constant temperature box after the temperature is constant to the temperature required by the test, adjusting the tightness of an annular hoop according to different interface normal load requirements to carry out normal pressurization on the pile-frozen soil sample, and finally carrying out the creep test on the pile top by using a material testing machine according to a loading mode required by the creep test.
In the technical scheme, the temperature regulation range of the constant temperature box is-30 ℃ to +30 ℃.
In the above technical solution, the pile-frozen soil sample mold comprises a chassis with a central hole, N fan-shaped templates, a plurality of pressure sensors and the annular hoop, wherein: the bottom on chassis is equipped with the packing ring, and a N fan-shaped template is connected by mortise and tenon mode and is formed one and leave gapped drum structure and is closed fixedly by annular staple bolt cohesion, the drum structure is used for holding the pile foundation model and freezes the soil body, and a plurality of pressure sensor are used for arranging in the outside of pile foundation model, chassis upper portion is arranged in to the drum structure, the diameter of central through-hole is greater than the diameter of pile foundation model on the chassis.
In the above technical solution, N is greater than or equal to 3, and when the number of the sector templates is three, the central angle of each sector template is 120 °.
In the technical scheme, the number of the pressure sensors is three times that of the annular hoops, and every three pressure sensors are positioned on the same height to form a monitoring group.
In the technical scheme, the included angle between each pressure sensor of each monitoring group and the axial direction of the pile foundation is 120 ℃, and each monitoring group and one annular hoop are positioned at the same height.
In the technical scheme, the number of the annular hoops is more than or equal to two, the annular hoops are positioned on different heights of the cylinder structure, the number of the pressure sensors is six, and the heights of the two layers of pressure sensors and the heights of the two annular hoops are respectively 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of the cylinder structure.
In the technical scheme, the annular hoop is composed of two half hoops, one ends of the two half hoops are hinged through a steel shaft, and the other ends of the two half hoops are fixedly connected through a screw and a nut.
In the above technical solution, each of the half hoops includes a half-ring-shaped main steel ring; one end of the main steel ring is provided with a vertical side plate, and the other end of the main steel ring is connected with a rotating shaft in a hinged mode; a hole for a screw to pass through is formed in the middle of each side plate, the hole is a small hole on the screw side, and a large hole is on the nut side; the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the steel shaft, and the protruding side of the steel shaft is fixed by calipers.
In the above technical solution, the creep test is performed by adjusting the magnitude of the normal pressurization through the following steps: the N fan-shaped templates are spliced to form a barrel structure, the annular hoop is clamped on the outer side of the barrel structure, then the pile foundation model is placed in the barrel structure, the center position is arranged in the barrel structure, the pressure sensor is fixed on the outer side of the pile foundation model, the configured soil body with the specific water content is filled into the barrel structure, then the whole device is placed in a temperature control refrigerator for freezing, the temperature is kept constant to the required temperature for testing and then placed in a constant temperature box, the tightness of the annular hoop is adjusted, the gap of the barrel structure is changed, the fan-shaped templates change the normal stress applied to the frozen soil body, the normal stress is monitored by the pressure sensor, and therefore the normal stress of a pile-frozen soil sample is adjusted and controlled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the constant temperature box disclosed by the invention controls the temperature of the test sample, so that the actual temperature of the sample in the test process is kept constant and is consistent with the test required temperature, the constant temperature space of the constant temperature box is only larger than the sample, and the temperature control effect and the energy consumption are both superior to the effect of a refrigeration house.
2. The maximum vertical load provided by the hydraulic machine in the material testing machine is 100kN, so that the shear stress applied to the pile-frozen soil interface is higher in level, and the material testing machine is suitable for researching the shear mechanical property of the pile-frozen soil interface with low temperature and high ice content.
3. According to the invention, N fan-shaped templates form a barrel structure with gaps, and the barrel structure can be adjusted to apply different normal pressures to the pile-frozen soil sample by adjusting the holding degree of the annular hoop, so that the whole model can be tested at different normal pressures.
4. The pile-frozen soil sample mold has the characteristics of light structure, small size, simplicity in operation, low cost and the like, and is convenient for marketization popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a creep test apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pile-frozen soil shear sample mold.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional profile view of a pile-frozen soil shear specimen mold.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular hoop and the fan-shaped formwork.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-annular hoop, 2-screw rod, 3-sector template, 4-pressure sensor, 5-chassis, 6-nut, 7-steel washer, 8-frozen soil body, 9-pile foundation model, 10-material testing machine, 11-thermostat and 12-pressure head.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a creep test device, includes material testing machine 10, thermostated container 11 and arranges the controllable stake of normal direction stress in thermostated container 11-frozen soil shear specimen mould in, wherein:
the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold is arranged in a constant temperature box 11, and a pressure head 12 of the material testing machine 10 penetrates through the top of the constant temperature box 11 to apply pressure in the vertical direction to the top of a pile in the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold;
the pile-frozen soil shearing sample die comprises a barrel structure consisting of N fan-shaped templates 3 and an annular hoop 1 surrounding the outer side of the barrel structure, and normal pressurization is carried out on the pile-frozen soil shearing sample by adjusting the tightness of the annular hoop 1.
The temperature adjusting range of the constant temperature box is-30 ℃ to +30 ℃, the temperature fluctuation degree is +/-0.1 ℃, when a creep test is carried out, a soil body with a specific water content and a pile foundation model 9 which are well configured are placed in a pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold, the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold is placed in a temperature control refrigerator to be rapidly frozen, the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold is placed in a constant temperature box 11 after being kept at a constant temperature to a temperature required by the test, the tightness of an annular hoop 1 is adjusted to carry out normal pressurization on the pile-frozen soil sample according to different interface normal stress requirements, finally, the test is carried out by using a material testing machine 10 on the pile top according to a loading mode required by the creep test (a pressure head 12 is driven by a material testing machine 10 driving device to downwards apply pressure, the material testing machine 10 driving device is the prior art and is not repeated here), and the parallel test is carried out under the conditions that the ice content of the frozen soil volume is 20%, 40%, 80% and 100%. And collecting data such as deformation, vertical load and the like through a material testing machine, and finally determining the corresponding shearing mechanical index of the interface.
Example 2
The pile-frozen soil sample mold comprises a chassis 5 with a central hole, N fan-shaped templates 3, a plurality of pressure sensors 4 and an annular hoop 1;
the bottom of chassis 5 is equipped with packing ring 7, the cask structure of a clearance of N fan-shaped template 3 formation by mortise and tenon mode connection and is held in touch with fixedly by annular staple bolt 1, the cask structure is used for holding pile foundation model 9 and freezes the soil body 8, and the pile foundation model 9 outside is equipped with a plurality of pressure sensor 4, 5 upper portions on chassis are arranged in to the cask structure, the diameter of central through hole is greater than pile foundation model 9's diameter on chassis 5, give when pile foundation model 9 applys pressure, the bottom of pile foundation model 9 is followed central through hole is worn out, reserves the removal space.
When a pile-frozen soil shearing experiment is carried out, a chassis 5 is placed at the top of a gasket 7, N fan-shaped templates 3 are spliced to form a barrel structure, an annular hoop 1 is clamped on the outer side of the barrel structure, then a pile foundation model 9 is placed at the center position in the barrel structure, a pressure sensor 4 is fixed on the outer side of the pile foundation model 9, a prepared soil body with specific water content is filled into the barrel structure, the prepared pile-frozen soil structure shearing sample is placed in a temperature control refrigerator to be rapidly frozen, the pile-frozen soil structure shearing sample is placed in a constant temperature box 11 after being kept at a constant temperature to a temperature required by the experiment, when the tightness of the annular hoop 1 is adjusted, the gap of the barrel structure is changed, the fan-shaped templates 3 change the pressure applied to the frozen soil body 8, the pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 4, so that the pile-frozen soil sample is normally pressurized, and then a subsequent experiment is carried out.
Example 3
Preferably, the base plate 5 is a circular plate or a square plate, and the gasket 7 is a circular gasket and is made of steel.
Preferably, N is greater than or equal to 3, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the sector templates 3 is three, the central angle of each sector template 3 is 120 °, and every two adjacent sector templates 3 are pre-connected and positioned through mortise and tenon structures to form a barrel structure and then fixed by the circular hoop holder 1.
Preferably, the number of the annular hoops 1 is more than or equal to two, and as shown in fig. 1, the number of the annular hoops 1 is two, and the two annular hoops are respectively clamped on the upper part and the lower part of the cylindrical structure. The normal stress is uniformly applied.
Preferably, the number of the pressure sensors 4 is three times that of the annular hoop 1, every three pressure sensors 4 are located at the same height to form a monitoring group, the included angle between each pressure sensor of each monitoring group and the axial direction of the pile foundation is 120 ℃, and each monitoring group and one annular hoop 1 are located at the same height to accurately measure the normal stress. When the number of the annular hoops 1 is two, the number of the pressure sensors 4 is six, and the pressure sensors are evenly embedded in the surface of the pile foundation model 9 in two layers in the radial direction.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is of the type ICP-10111, the specification is 2.5mm multiplied by 2mm multiplied by 0.92mm, the rated pressure is 30-100kPa, and the heights of the two layers of pressure sensors 4 are respectively 1/3,2/3 of the height of the cylinder structure.
Preferably, the annular hoop 1 is composed of two half hoops, one end of each half hoop is hinged through a steel shaft, and the other end of each half hoop is fixedly connected with a nut 6 through a screw 2. The tightness degree of the annular hoop 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 6, and each half hoop comprises a half-annular main steel ring; one end of the main steel ring is provided with a vertical side plate, and the other end of the main steel ring is connected with a rotating shaft in a hinged mode; a hole for the screw rod 2 to pass through is formed in the middle of each side plate, the hole is a small hole on the screw rod side, and a large hole is formed on the nut side; the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the steel shaft, and the protruding side of the steel shaft is fixed by calipers.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an orientation of upper and lower. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between such elements.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations should also be considered as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The creep test method of the pile-frozen soil shear sample is characterized in that the creep test is carried out through a creep test device, the test device comprises a material testing machine, a constant temperature box and a pile-frozen soil shear sample mold which is arranged in the constant temperature box and has controllable normal stress, wherein: the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold is arranged in a constant temperature box, and a pressure head of the material testing machine penetrates through the top of the constant temperature box to apply pressure in the vertical direction to the top of a pile in the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold; the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mould comprises a barrel structure consisting of N fan-shaped templates and an annular hoop encircling the outer side of the barrel structure, and normal pressurization is carried out on the pile-frozen soil shearing sample through the tightness of the annular hoop;
the creep test method comprises the following steps of putting a prepared soil body with specific water content and a pile foundation model into a pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold, placing the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold into a temperature control refrigerator for quick freezing, placing the pile-frozen soil shearing sample mold into a constant temperature box after the temperature is constant to the temperature required by the test, adjusting the tightness of an annular hoop according to different interface normal load requirements to carry out normal pressurization on the pile-frozen soil sample, and finally carrying out the creep test on the pile top by using a material testing machine according to a loading mode required by the creep test.
2. The creep test method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjustment range of the incubator is-30 ℃ to +30 ℃.
3. The creep test method of claim 1 wherein said pile-frozen soil sample mold includes a central perforated base plate, N of said fan-shaped formworks, a plurality of pressure sensors, and said annular hoop, wherein: the bottom on chassis is equipped with the packing ring, and a N fan-shaped template is connected by mortise and tenon mode and is formed one and leave gapped drum structure and is closed fixedly by annular staple bolt cohesion, the drum structure is used for holding the pile foundation model and freezes the soil body, and a plurality of pressure sensor are used for arranging in the outside of pile foundation model, chassis upper portion is arranged in to the drum structure, the diameter of central through-hole is greater than the diameter of pile foundation model on the chassis.
4. The creep test method according to claim 3, wherein N is 3 or more, and when the number of the sector templates is three, the central angle of each sector template is 120 °.
5. The creep test method according to claim 3, wherein the number of the pressure sensors is three times that of the annular hoops, and every three pressure sensors are located at the same height to form a monitoring group.
6. The creep test method according to claim 5, wherein the included angle between each pressure sensor of each monitoring group and the axial direction of the pile foundation is 120 ℃, and each monitoring group and one annular hoop are positioned at the same height.
7. The creep test method according to claim 3, wherein the number of the annular hoops is two or more, the annular hoops are located at different heights of the cylindrical structure, the number of the pressure sensors is six, and the heights of the two layers of pressure sensors and the two annular hoops are respectively 1/3,2/3 of the height of the cylindrical structure.
8. The creep test method according to claim 3, wherein the annular hoop is formed by two half hoops, one end of each half hoop is hinged through a steel shaft, and the other end of each half hoop is fixedly connected through a screw and a nut.
9. The creep test method of claim 8, wherein each of the half hoops includes a half-ring shaped main steel ring; one end of the main steel ring is provided with a vertical side plate, and the other end of the main steel ring is connected with a rotating shaft in a hinged mode; a hole for a screw to pass through is formed in the middle of each side plate, the hole is a small hole on the screw side, and a large hole is formed on the nut side; the tail end of the rotating shaft is connected with the steel shaft, and the protruding side of the steel shaft is fixed by calipers.
10. The creep test method of claim 3 wherein the magnitude of the normal pressurization is adjusted in the creep test by: the N fan-shaped templates are spliced to form a barrel structure, the annular hoop is clamped on the outer side of the barrel structure, then the pile foundation model is placed in the barrel structure, the center position is arranged in the barrel structure, the pressure sensor is fixed on the outer side of the pile foundation model, the configured soil body with the specific water content is filled into the barrel structure, then the whole device is placed in a temperature control refrigerator for freezing, the temperature is kept constant to the required temperature for testing and then placed in a constant temperature box, the tightness of the annular hoop is adjusted, the gap of the barrel structure is changed, the fan-shaped templates change the normal stress applied to the frozen soil body, the normal stress is monitored by the pressure sensor, and therefore the normal stress of a pile-frozen soil sample is adjusted and controlled.
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